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Revision as of 05:42, 8 June 2006
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| Shield of Ohio Wesleyan University | |
| Motto | In lumine tuo videbimus lumen : "In Your Light We Shall See the Light" |
|---|---|
| Type | Private coeducational liberal arts |
| Established | September, 1842 |
| Endowment | US$144.6 million |
| President | Mark Huddleston |
| Undergraduates | 1,850 |
| Postgraduates | 0 |
| Location | , , |
| Campus | Suburban, 200 acres (0.8 km²) |
| Athletics | 21 varsity teams |
| Nickname | Battling Bishops |
| Mascot | The Wesleyan Battling Bishops File:Bishop.gif |
| Website | www.owu.edu |
| Ohio Wesleyan University | |
Ohio Wesleyan University (also Wesleyan or OWU, pronounced oh-WOO) is a private coeducational liberal arts college located in Delaware, Ohio. Ohio Wesleyan is a residential college with a population of approximately 1,850 undergraduate students.
According to US News and World Report, 12% of students are international, placing Wesleyan among the 10 liberal arts colleges with the highest percentage of international students for several consecutive years.[1] College guides such as Colleges That Change Lives, Barron's, Princeton Review and U.S. News and World Report place Ohio Wesleyan among top U.S. liberal arts colleges.[2]. Ohio Wesleyan is also among gay-friendly colleges in the U.S., actively recruiting students from the LGBT population.[3]
The university's charter provides that it "is forever to be conducted on the most liberal principles, accessible to all religious denominations, and designed for the benefit of our citizens in general."[4]
History
Beginnings
The roots of Wesleyan reach back to 1841 when Adam Poe and Charles Elliott -- leaders of the local Williams Street Methodist Church -- and residents of Delaware, Ohio, agreed on the need to establish a university "of the highest order"[5] in central Ohio.
When the Mansion House Hotel went on the market later during the same year, Poe encouraged citizens of Delaware to purchase the property. Later, 172 citizens raised a $10,000 contribution and purchased it.
It was not until 1844, however, that Wesleyan opened its doors as a Methodist-related but nonsectarian college. In the 19th century, Ohio Wesleyan University consisted of several schools: a College of Liberal Arts (founded in 1844), a School of Oratory (founded in 1894), a School of Music (founded in 1777), a School of Fine Arts (established in 1877) and a Business School (established in 1895). The university is one of the first universities named for John Wesley, and is among the oldest of the numerous Methodist universities in the U.S. and abroad.
In 1850, four young women matriculated for the regular college course at the Ohio Wesleyan Female College. Three of the four graduated in 1854 and became the first women in America to receive AB degrees.
In the early days of the college, Ohio Wesleyan University presidents were frequently vocal in the national political debates of their times. The issues in the 1850s centered on slavery and the expansion of the United States. Edward Thomson, president of Ohio Wesleyan University in 1857, was vocal in the national political debate and denounced the argument that southern Christians "should retain their slaves in obedience to state laws forbidding manumission" and "the soft and slippered Christianity which disturbs no one, is not the Christianity of Christ."[6]
In 1870, Ohio Wesleyan University trustees banned fraternities because they were "unfavorable to morality, harmony and economy." Supporters of the Greek system argued that the best educational centers were those where fraternities flourished. Riding the crest of the re-instatement of fraternities, three sororities began and had a short life in the early 1880s before they were disbanded by a faculty edict. Anti-Greek voices cooled in 1888, when President Charles Payne, a fraternity man himself, announced, "It is the policy of Ohio Wesleyan to recognize, utilize and evaluate fraternities." Under this umbrella, sororities reorganized themselves as local clubs with non-Greek names; the women themselves, however, voted the clubs out of existence in 1912[7].
The college was originally an all-male institution, but it became coeducational in 1877. Wesleyan's traditions date back to its founding, when the College of Liberal Arts opened its doors with an enrollment of 29 male students taught by three professors. The college was housed in Elliott Hall, formerly the Mansion House Hotel, which had been constructed in the early 1830s when the current East Campus was a popular health resort. The resort was known for the "health-giving although odoriferous waters" of its Sulphur Spring.[8]
The Ohio Wesleyan Female College was established in 1853. In 1857, the female college moved to Monnett Hall, named for school benefactress Mary Monnett Bain. In 1877 the Ohio Wesleyan Female College was merged with the University and became coeducational. Monnett Hall remained the center for women's housing on campus well into the 20th century. The Monnett Garden, which now stands between Sanborn Hall and Austin Manor, was constructed in 1990 to honor the former Monnett Hall.
20th-Century Developments
Ohio Wesleyan continued to grow in the 20th century to about 3/4 of its current size. Debates over the presence of sororities and fraternities emerged and continued well into the middle of the century. The World Wars had a financial impact on the school: half of the male student population served during World War I, and the student population once again decreased during World War II. Students were allowed to declare a major for the first time in 1919. The Great Depression caused financial difficulties for the college -- but administrators trimmed the budget, and the school continued to survive. During the 1960s and 1970s, student unrest led to the students having more of a say in campus decision-making. As a result of the protests, the university modified requirements that students attend religious services while also placing less of a focus on religion in education, in addition to offering new courses. Economic concerns and plans for the future have led university administrators to institute a number of fund-raising campaigns in recent decades.
Recent Developments and Timeline
- 1991
- The Hamilton-Williams Campus Center opens.
- 1993
- Co-ops, called SLUs, are acquired by the university.
- 1994
- A major initiative for international students is endowed.
- Thomas Courtice is inaugurated as Ohio Wesleyan's 14th president.
- 1995
- The respective college presidents sign papers of incorporation on June 30, 1995, establishing The Five Colleges of Ohio, Inc. as a legal entity.
- F. Sherwood Rowland shares the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work in atmospheric chemistry.
- The student body expands by 20%.
- 1998
- The men's soccer team becomes NCAA Division III national champions
- The Campaign for Wesleyan goes into its public phase; the goal is $100 million.
- 2001
- The women's soccer team becomes NCAA Division III national champions.
- 2003
- The Campaign for Wesleyan surpasses its $100-million goal by $10 million.
- The $33 million Science Center is built.
- 2004
- Mark Huddleston becomes Ohio Wesleyan's fifteenth president. His goals include -- in order of priority -- growing the endowment, increasing the selectivity of students, further diversifying the faculty and student body, and encouraging new curricular initiatives. Central to Huddleston's vision is a master plan entitled "The Campaign for Wesleyan: Endowing Our Values."
- The Strand Theatre is purchased by the University.
- The Richard M. Ross Art Museum opens.
- 2005
- A $22 million initiative is directed at addressing the needs of the University's athletic and recreation programs.
Presidents of OWU
.
General information
Ohio Wesleyan is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission[9] and is a member of the Great Lakes Colleges Association, the Oberlin Group, and the Five Colleges of Ohio, a consortium of liberal arts colleges in Ohio that also includes Kenyon College, Oberlin College, College of Wooster, and Denison University.
Students come from about 44 states and about 47 foreign nations. The student body is about 10% Asian, 6% Hispanic, and 9% Black. Ohio Wesleyan is also among gay-friendly colleges, actively recruiting students from the LGBT population.[10]
Wesleyan's campus is located near the downtown of Delaware, Ohio, and is bisected by Sandusky Street, the main north/south street through the heart of the city. The street informally divides the campus into east and west sectors -- the west sector made up of mostly residential and administrative buildings and the east one consisting of mostly academic buildings.
.
Research and Teaching
The University has research departments and teaching faculties in most academic disciplines. Traditionally, Wesleyan tends to have a slight bias towards more scientific subjects, however the University also has a number of very strong humanities and social science faculties, as well as a highly-respected fine arts department. Wesleyan has a distinctive one-to-one or one-to-two advisory system for teaching undergraduates, very similar to the tutorial system at Oxford. All research and lectures are conducted by University Departments; the departments are in charge of giving, or at least arranging, the supervisions, as well as accommodation and most extra-curricula activities are arranged by the Campus Programming Board and student clubs. Over the past decade there has been a building boom within Ohio Wesleyan University, with a substantial addition to science, art and economic facilities on the Campus.
See also: Departments at Ohio Wesleyan University
Academics, Degrees and Majors
Wesleyan accepted 68% (regular decision applicants)[11] of its applicants in 2005[12] and 40% of its international applicants.[13] Approximately 35% of accepted applicants were granted merit aid in the form of Presidential, Trustee and Faculty scholarships; according to the 2005 edition of Princeton Review, many of these applicants also applied to schools like Oberlin, Denison, Kenyon, Cornell, and Harvard.[14] Ohio Wesleyan University follows a need-blind admission policy. Financial circumstances are not considered when deciding whether to admit, wait list, or turn down applications.
Students entering Wesleyan are provided with a liberal arts education. Upon completion of 34 units of coursework, students may earn diplomas in Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Fine Arts, or Bachelor of Music fields of study.[15] As of 2005, Ohio Wesleyan offered 38 different majors:
Student Housing
Ohio Wesleyan University has an on-campus house capacity of 1,600 students. First-year students are required to live on campus for the first two semesters at Ohio Wesleyan; upperclass students are placed in dormitories through a lottery system. Housing options include single-sex and coed dormatories, small living units, fraternities, and cooperative housing.
Thompson, Bashford, Stuyvesant and Smith Halls are traditional dormitories on campus. Welch Hall is designated as a "quiet" dorm for honors students. Hayes Hall is an all-female dorm.
Approximately 200 upperclass students live in the Small Living Units (SLUs). SLUs are co-ops and quasi-autonomous associations united voluntarily to meet shared economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations in democratically-controlled houses. The houses are intended to provide students with an opportunity to live cooperatively with other students by sharing in regularly scheduled house chores, participation in the decision making process, and in some, sharing of the cooking responsibilities. Each unit houses a group of 15 students organized to promote a common jointly-aspired theme. The theme usually determines the co-op's name. Currently, the SLUs consist of The Peace and Justice House, The International House, The House of Black Culture, The Creative Arts House, The Women's House, The Modern Foreign Languages House, The House of Thought, the Habitat for Humanity House and the Tree House. The houses are owned by the University, and the co-ops must therefore follow the University's living policies. However, they elect their own officers and do not have Resident Advisors or faculty in residence like other on-campus residence halls. At the end of each academic year every existing and potential co-op must submit a house proposal describing its plans for theme promotion during the next academic year. The University Housing office places co-ops in houses every year on a competitive basis.
Student Organizations
Student organizations at Wesleyan include ProgressOWU; Pride, serving the LGBT community; The Babbling Bishops, an improvisational comedy troupe; The OWtsiders, a co-ed acapella group; Campus Programming Board; and the Wesleyan Council on Student Affairs.
OWU's The OWL is one of the nation's oldest college literary magazines, and the school newspaper, The Transcript, is the oldest independent college student newspaper in the country.
Students operate WSLN 98.7 FM ("The Line") from its studio in Slocum Hall. The 15 watt station has a three mile broadcast range and primarily serves the student and local population. The station is under the supervision of the Journalism Department.
Recent Activism
In 1966, students established an Upward Bound program, funded by Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, for students from lower-income and poverty areas to prepare for college. [16] The Arts Castle, the Early Childhood Center, the Big Pal/Little Pal Program, the Andrews House, the Office of Community Service and the International Ambassador High School Program are among the many programs founded the since the 1970s to provide services to the larger community in Delaware, Ohio.
The past few years have proven that campus activism is not dead on the Ohio Wesleyan campus. OWU students continue to face many of the issues other political mobilizers are dealing with — intellectual bickering, issues of war and social justice, apathy from their peers, and sometimes hostility from the authorities. However, the college is known for its left-leaning students and administration's permissive attitude.
On March 17, 2005 the Student Union on Black Awareness (SUBA) and College Democrats organized a protest on Sandusky Street in Delaware, Ohio to stand firm against racial injustice on campus and the country. University president Mark Huddleston also participated in the protest.
Ohio Wesleyan University Against the War had no trouble getting more than a hundred students to come out for the Oct. 5 and Nov. 17, 2004 peace rallies in front of the Delaware, Ohio city hall.[17]
The summer of 2003 and the academic year 2003/2004 was marked with yet another controversy. Protests from international students and alumni against the old college president Thomas Courtice took place after the international student advisor, Ann Quillin, was forced to leave under strange circumstances. The issue caused hundreds of alumni and students to protest against the president's office via various forms including picketing and culture jamming. The incident caused many international alumni to stop donating to the school due to soured relations.
In April 2002, about a hundred Ohio Wesleyan students gathered in The Mall in Washington, DC in the second day of a weekend of protests for an array of causes, including the Middle East crisis, but also to denounce lending policies of The World Bank that they believed harmed the environment and hurt the world's poor. [18] In February 2003 approximately 100 OWU students traveled to New York City to protest the war in Iraq with partial funding from the Wesleyan Chaplain's office. [19]
The new president, Mark Huddleston, was frequently caught in the middle of student protests during his own college years. [20]
In 2004, the awarding of the Lilly grant "Vocation: Identity, Intellect, and Life Choices: A Move Toward Wholeness" and the prospect of the participation by Ohio Wesleyan in the Lilly Endowment program on vocation evoked an intense response from a significant group of faculty members. An open letter signed by more than 40 faculty members questioned the appropriateness of the predominantly Christian focus of the grant.
In 2005, in another event involving a christian organization both students and the administration have expressed severe criticism of the Campus Crusade for Christ group. Students and administrators complained of being bullied by the ministry's members.[21]. The most recent backlash at OWU has been due to the Campus Crusade's "Do You Agree with Adam?" campaign, which encouraged Christians campuswide to openly and blatantly display signs of their faith. Most believed the resulting actions were somewhat intrusive, and much of the campaign incorporated chalking, which is against school policy. As a result, several activist groups and the administration protested the organization's presence on campus.
Internationalism
Early Transnationalism
Academic internationalism has spanned Ohio Wesleyan University's history since its founding in 1842. In the early 19th century the college established links with several international schools. A Wesleyan alumni, Elizabeth Russell, founded Kwassui College in Nagasaki, Japan in 1879. When Russell founded the school, it was the predominant belief in Japan that women's education is not important. Today, Kwasuii Women's College is one of the top finishing schools for young women in Japan. The school enrolls approximately 2,100 college-age women and includes a middle and high school class of about 1,200 students.[22]
Ten year later, William Ehnis, class of 1898, traveled to Africa and opened a school in Mutare, Zimbabwe, a predecesssor of Africa University.
Peace Corps Connection
In the early 20th century, the Peace Corps published a list of small colleges and universities with the highest number of graduates serving as Peace Corps volunteers. Several schools were consistently on the list: Oberlin College, Ohio Wesleyan University and St. Olaf College. As recently as 2004, Ohio Wesleyan University was one of the 20 small-sized schools with the highest number of Peace Corps volunteers. [23]
Current Internationalism
In today's world, internationalism is most commonly expressed as an appreciation for the diverse cultures in the world, and a desire for world peace. The United Nations flag, along with the flags of more than sixty represented nations and the U.S. flag, is flown on campus in University Hall in honor of this ideal. In the past 15 years, Ohio Wesleyan University has been placed on list compiled by the US News and World Report for colleges that attract the highest percentage of international students. This growth of internationalism has been especially high among students from South East Asia.
As part of a formal GLCA agreement, Ohio Wesleyan established an exchange program with Waseda University in 1962 to provide approximately 30 American students with opportunities to study in Japan and 30 Japanese students to study at Ohio Wesleyan University each year.
Funded by a 2004 grant by the Lilly Endowment, the interfaith-based University chaplaincy office has spearheaded the Wesleyan's strategic goal of extending its service and community outreach beyond state and national boundaries by various activism, volunteering and service projects in Ghana, Russia, Honduras, Mexico, Ireland and South Africa.
Salamanca Program
A significant place in the international life of the University's plays the Salamanca Program. The program is collaboration between Ohio Wesleyan University and the University of Salamanca and was founded by Conrad Kent in 1988. The program provides an opportunity for exchange of approximately 100 students and faculty between the two universities each year. The academic collaboration frequently extends to joint participation in academic symposia: in 1993, members of Salamanca faculty participated in symposium on the Golden Age in Salamanca.
Traditions and Distinguishing Features
Traditions
Some Ohio Wesleyan traditions include:
- Fresh-X: Affectionately known as "Fresh-X," this tradition is the most closely guarded secret at Ohio Wesleyan. Generally, first-years are kept in the dark about it until it actually takes place (which is why it's not being summarized here!).
- Convocation, the formal beginning of the college year, is the entering student's first chance to experience Ohio Wesleyan University's tradition and spirit. The evening before classes begin, all members of the Wesleyan community (including the faculty, dressed in caps and gowns) gather in Gray Chapel to listen to an opening address and a performance by the Glee Club.
- Homecoming: An alumni event that takes place in early October.
- Monnett Weekend: The event welcomes female alumni, parents and friends of the university. It was originally a celebration in honor of Mother's Day. All events were scheduled on the Monnett Campus, and men were banned from the area while female students danced around the Maypole. During the early years of the college, men developed their own tradition by arriving on the Monnett Campus early in the morning and concealing themselves in trees from which to watch the festivities.
- WesFest/SpringFest: Organized by the student board, this music event in the middle of April always features a well-known musical band.
- Commencement: culminates on Sunday when parents, friends and seniors gather in the Quad to hear a distinguished speaker and observe the awarding of diplomas.
- Midnight breakfast : Each night during the week of final exams dormitory dining hall open at midnight to serve breakfast served by faculty members and the college president.
- President's Ball: A formal gala event organized by the college president that takes place on the first Saturday of December.
- OWU vs Denison: A fierce athletic rivalry with Denison University.
- Sagan Colloquium: each fall spotlights an issue of concern in the liberal arts.
Given the quirky culture of the college, long-standing student traditions such as streaking through the JayWalk or Sandusky Street near the Backstretch Bar have become cherished and embraced by those who attend.
Distinguishing Features
Fight Song
Oh, we're from dear old Wesleyan, The school to us most dear, It's the place we love the best, Finest school in east or west; So we will hail the name we all revere. We love our Alma Mater Her glories we will tell; In everything we take the lead, Sport and thought and noble deed, And so for Wesleyan we'll give Our yell: "Rah! Rah!"
So here's to old Wesleyan, Loud we will sing! We'll drink a toast to Wesleyan From the good old Sulfur Spring, Then here's to old Wesleyan, Join every man! We'll drink a toast From the Sulfur Spring to Wesleyan!
Alma Mater Song
Ohio Wesleyan, Sweetly and strong Rises our hymn of praise for thee alone; Heaven re-echoes it, loud let it ring, Ohio Wesleyan! Loyal hearts sing.
"Ohio Wesleyan! Proud is thy crown. Rarest of laurels ev'r Vict'ry has known; Noblest achievements have hallowed thy name, Ohio Wesleyan! Deathless thy fame.
School Mascot
The school mascot is the Battling Bishop.
Colors
The official colors of Ohio Wesleyan University are crimson red and black.
Wesleyan and Delaware, Ohio
Ohio Wesleyan and the City of Delaware in which it resides have had a fairly positive relationship in the last quarter of a century.
Students interact with Delaware, Ohio residents and institutions in a variety of programs:
- The Columbus Initiative
- Wesleyan Ambassadors
- BigPal/LittlePal Program - tutoring in local schools
- StAP - interning in local businesses.
In 2004 the College received a donation to rehabilitate the historic Strand Theatre, owned by Wesleyan, in downtown Delaware.
Located 20 minutes north of Columbus, Ohio, Delaware is a community of 26,000 residents and the county seat of one of the ten fastest growing counties in the country. It is becoming increasingly diverse in ethnic and socio-economic terms due to its close proximity to Ohio's capital and easy access to I-71.
In the 1960s Wesleyan donated the Arts Castle, then part of the University's Fine Arts department. Now it serves as a home to the Delaware County Cultural Arts Center. The Castle offers classes ranging from ballet to fine arts.
The downtown Sandusky street that border campus has a historic feel and offers a number of shops and restaurants including a music store, clothing stores, gift shops, and a number of antique shops.
Wesleyan Athletics
Ohio Wesleyan participates in the NCAA's Division III and forms part of the North Coast Athletic Conference athletic conference. Wesleyan's strongest sports are lacrosse and soccer. Wesleyan's traditional sports rivals are Denison University and Kenyon College.
Ohio Wesleyan won NCAA Division III: Men's basketball (1988), Men's soccer (1998), Women's soccer (2001), Women's soccer (2002).
The nickname "The Battling Bishops" dates to 1925. Wesleyan's teams were previously referred to as "The Red and Black" and "The Methodists". Many schools including several other Methodist ones claimed crimson and black as their colors, so the university decided to change the name.
Journals, publications & media
Campus publications & media
- Connect2 OWU, a weekly newsletter.
- @Wesleyan, an online magazine, published four times a year.
- Only What's Up, the weekly newsletter about activities on campus.
- Daily Bulletin Daily Bulletin of events at Ohio Wesleyan.
- Front Row, an online video database of lectures and performances at Ohio Wesleyan University.
- At the Library Library Newsletter.
Academic journals & scholarly publications
- The Civic Arts Review a publication of ideas and practices that constitute good citizenship
- Get Confiscated an alternative literary magazine
- The Historian a journal of contemporary and relevant historical scholarship
Student media
- The Witness, Ohio Wesleyan's African-American student publication
- The Owl, The Wesleyan Literary Magazine
- The Shrubbery, a humor and parody magazine
- The Transcript, the official campus newspaper since 1867
- Trident, a student literary publication on Ancient, Medieval, and Renaissance Studies topics
- Le Bijou, the Ohio Wesleyan yearbook, published since 1880
- WSLN 98.7 FM, a student-run radio station which provides independent and experimental music
Further reading
- Pope, Loren. Colleges That Change Lives , Penguin Group, 2000, ISBN 0140296166
- Easterbrook, Gregg. (2004). Who Needs Harvard?, The Atlantic Monthly, October 2004.
Notable Wesleyan Alumni
See List of Ohio Wesleyan University people.
External links
- Ohio Wesleyan University Online
- The Wesleyan Intl Alumni Online
- The Wesleyan Alumni Online
- OWU Friends
- Rate Professors
- Searchable Campus Map
- Peace and Justice
Independent viewpoints about Wesleyan
Notes
- ^ Higher Learning Commission. Directory of HLC Affiliated Institutions. January 2, 2006.
- ^ Ohio Wesleyan University Catalogue. September, 2004. http://go.owu.edu/~catalog/cat-a04.pdf
- ^ US News and World Report. "USNews.com: America's Best Colleges 2006". November 10, 2005. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/college/directory/premium/drintl_3109.php
- ^ Ramon Johnson. "Gay-Friendly Universities". April 15, 2005. http://gaylife.about.com/od/headlinesnewsstories/a/gay_university.htm
- ^ USNews.com. America's Best Colleges 2006. January 2, 2006. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/libartco/tier1/t1libartco_brief.php ; 89th on 2005 list, 97th on 2004 list via archive.org
- ^ Ohio Wesleyan University. "Elliot Hall Dedication". May 15, 2003. http://news.owu.edu/2003/elliott2.html
- ^ Reve' M. Pete. "The Methodist Movement Comes to America and Impacts Slavery". 2003. http://members.aol.com/revepete/HolinessCh3.html
- ^ Ohio Wesleyan University Catalogue. September, 2005. http://catalog.owu.edu/cat-a09.pdf
- ^ Petersons.com. Ohio Wesleyan University Closeup, 2006.http://www.petersons.com/ugchannel/code/searches/srchCrit1.asp?path=ug.fas.college
- ^ Princeton Review statistics page http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/profiles/admissions.asp?listing=1023105<id=1&intbucketid=
- ^ Ohio Wesleyan University - Studying Abroad in the US. December, 2005. http://www.petersons.com/acuus/sites/007951si.asp?sponsor=1
- ^ Ohio Wesleyan University: Other schools to consider, 2005. http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/profiles/ostc.asp?listing=1023105<id=1
- ^ Degree and Special Programs: Requirements for All Degrees, 2005. http://go.owu.edu/~catalog/cat-d02.pdf
- ^ Upward Bound Office. "Upward Bound Program, 2005. http://upward.owu.edu/
- ^ Elisabeth Calhoon. "National youth vote lower than expected". The Transcript Online. November 10, 2004. http://transcript.owu.edu/111004/inside3.html
- ^ "America's Best Colleges 2004: Ohio Wesleyan University". U.S. News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/rankindex_brief.php
- ^ "Local Groups". United for Peace and Justice. http://www.unitedforpeace.org/groups.php?state=OH
- ^ "Protesters Rally Outside World Bank, IMF Meetings". IslamOnline.net. http://www.islam-online.net/English/News/2002-04/22/article02.shtml
- ^ McMurtrie, Beth. "Crusading for Christ, Amid Keg Parties and Secularism." Chronicle of Higher Education 47, no. 36 (05/18/ 2005): A42.
- ^ "Ohio Wesleyan University & Kwasuii Women's College Celebrate Over 100 Years of Connections". At the Library Online. http://cc.owu.edu/~librweb/fr9ar1.htm
- ^ "Top Producing Colleges and Universities 2004". Peace Corps. http://www.peacecorps.gov/news/resources/stats/pdf/schools2004.pdf
- ^ Kevin Blair. "My first protest: This is what democracy looks like". The Transcript. February 19, 2003. http://transcript.owu.edu/021903/opinion1.html
- ^ Anthony Violanti. "Buffalo Police Then and Now. 1970 Violent Protests at University at Buffalo". The Buffalo News. February 20, 2005. http://www.bpdthenandnow.com/1970UBPROTESTS.html