1905 Kangra earthquake: Difference between revisions
Please don't use references to direct readers to external material |
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.4beta) |
||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
|damage = |
|damage = |
||
}} |
}} |
||
The '''1905 Kangra earthquake''' occurred in the [[Kangra Valley]] and the [[Kangra district|Kangra]] region of the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]] (modern day [[Himachal Pradesh]]) in [[India]] on 4 April 1905. The earthquake measured 7.8 on the [[surface wave magnitude]] scale and killed more than 20,000 people. Apart from this, most buildings in the towns of [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|Kangra]], [[Mcleodganj]] and [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamshala]] were destroyed.<ref>[http://123himachal.com/dharamsala/links/1905.htm Dharamsala Earthquake 1905 - Images]</ref><ref>[http://www.hpkangra.nic.in/history.htm History] ''[[Kangra district]]'' Official website.</ref><ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_128.gif Earthquakes] ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', v. 1, ''p. 98.''</ref> |
The '''1905 Kangra earthquake''' occurred in the [[Kangra Valley]] and the [[Kangra district|Kangra]] region of the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]] (modern day [[Himachal Pradesh]]) in [[India]] on 4 April 1905. The earthquake measured 7.8 on the [[surface wave magnitude]] scale and killed more than 20,000 people. Apart from this, most buildings in the towns of [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|Kangra]], [[Mcleodganj]] and [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamshala]] were destroyed.<ref>[http://123himachal.com/dharamsala/links/1905.htm Dharamsala Earthquake 1905 - Images]</ref><ref>[http://www.hpkangra.nic.in/history.htm History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221063405/https://www.hpkangra.nic.in/history.htm |date=2007-12-21 }} ''[[Kangra district]]'' Official website.</ref><ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_128.gif Earthquakes] ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', v. 1, ''p. 98.''</ref> |
||
==Background== |
==Background== |
||
Revision as of 14:20, 14 June 2017
  | |
| UTC time | ?? |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 7.8 Ms [1] |
| Epicenter | 33°00′N 76°00′E / 33.0°N 76.0°E [2] |
| Areas affected | India Himachal Pradesh |
| Max. intensity | IX (Destructive) [3] |
| Casualties | more than 20,000 [2][1] |
The 1905 Kangra earthquake occurred in the Kangra Valley and the Kangra region of the Punjab Province (modern day Himachal Pradesh) in India on 4 April 1905. The earthquake measured 7.8 on the surface wave magnitude scale and killed more than 20,000 people. Apart from this, most buildings in the towns of Kangra, Mcleodganj and Dharamshala were destroyed.[4][5][6]
Background
The calculated epicenter of the earthquake lies within the zone of thrusts along the front of the Himalayas formed by the continuing collision of the Indian plate into the Eurasian plate.[7]
Damage
As many as 100,000 buildings were reported to have been demolished by the earthquake. At least 20,000 people are estimated to have been killed and 53,000 domestic animals were also lost. There was also major damage to the network of hillside aqueducts that fed water to the affected area. The total cost of recovering from the effects of the earthquake were calculated as 2.9 million (1905) rupees.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Ambraseys, N.; Bilham, R. (2000). "A note on the Kangra Ms = 7.8 earthquake of 4 April 1905" (PDF). Current Science. 79 (1). Current Science Association: 45–50.
- ^ a b c Utsu, T. R. (2002), "A List of Deadly Earthquakes in the World: 1500–2000", International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology, Part A, Volume 81A (First ed.), Academic Press, p. 702, ISBN 978-0124406520
- ^ Martin, S.; Szeliga, W. (2010), "A Catalog of Felt Intensity Data for 570 Earthquakes in India from 1636 to 2009", Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Electronic Supplement (table S2), 100 (2), Seismological Society of America: 562–569, doi:10.1785/0120080328
- ^ Dharamsala Earthquake 1905 - Images
- ^ History Archived 2007-12-21 at the Wayback Machine Kangra district Official website.
- ^ Earthquakes The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 1, p. 98.
- ^ Wallace, K.; Gaur, V.; Blume, F.; Hough, S.; Bilham, R., Geodetic Study of the Kangra Earthquake 1905 (PDF)
Further reading
- Ambraseys, N. N.; Douglas, J. (2004-10-01). "Magnitude calibration of north Indian earthquakes". Geophysical Journal International. 159 (1): 165–206. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02323.x. ISSN 0956-540X.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
 | This article about an earthquake is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
  | This Indian history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |