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==Life and work==
==Life and work==
Annie Lee Cooper was born on June 2, 1909 in Selma, Alabama, one of ten children of Lucy Jones and Charles Wilkerson Sr. By the seventh grade, Cooper dropped out of school, and moved to [[Kentucky]] to live with an older sister.<ref name="Cooper100">{{cite news|url=http://archive.montgomeryadvertiser.com/article/20100602/NEWS02/6020357/Woman-known-run-sheriff-turns-100-today | title=Woman known for run-in with sheriff turns 100 today | work=[[Montgomery Advertiser]] | publisher=[[Gannett Company]] | date=June 2, 2010 | accessdate=November 7, 2014}}</ref>
Annie Lee Cooper was born on June 2, 1909 in Selma, Alabama, one of ten children of Lucy Jones and Charles Wilkerson Sr. By the seventh grade, Cooper dropped out of school, and moved to [[Kentucky]] to live with an older sister.<ref name="Cooper100">{{cite news|url=http://archive.montgomeryadvertiser.com/article/20100602/NEWS02/6020357/Woman-known-run-sheriff-turns-100-today |title=Woman known for run-in with sheriff turns 100 today |work=[[Montgomery Advertiser]] |publisher=[[Gannett Company]] |date=June 2, 2010 |accessdate=November 7, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107203740/http://archive.montgomeryadvertiser.com/article/20100602/NEWS02/6020357/Woman-known-run-sheriff-turns-100-today |archivedate=November 7, 2014 }}</ref>


In 1962, Cooper returned to Selma to care for her elderly mother.<ref name="Jet Magazine">{{cite news|title=none|last1=Britton|first1=John H.|work=Jet Magazine|date=February 11, 1965}}</ref> Appalled by the fact that although she had been a registered voter in Pennsylvania and Ohio she was unable to register to vote in Alabama, Cooper began to participate in the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.selmatimesjournal.com/2010/12/03/annie-l-cooper-huff-2/|title=Annie L. Cooper Huff Obituary|newspaper=[[Selma Times-Journal]]|date=December 3, 2010}}</ref> Her attempt to register to vote in 1963 resulted in her being fired from her job as a nurse at a rest home.<ref name="Jet Magazine"/> She then worked as a clerk at the Torch Motel.
In 1962, Cooper returned to Selma to care for her elderly mother.<ref name="Jet Magazine">{{cite news|title=none|last1=Britton|first1=John H.|work=Jet Magazine|date=February 11, 1965}}</ref> Appalled by the fact that although she had been a registered voter in Pennsylvania and Ohio she was unable to register to vote in Alabama, Cooper began to participate in the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.selmatimesjournal.com/2010/12/03/annie-l-cooper-huff-2/|title=Annie L. Cooper Huff Obituary|newspaper=[[Selma Times-Journal]]|date=December 3, 2010}}</ref> Her attempt to register to vote in 1963 resulted in her being fired from her job as a nurse at a rest home.<ref name="Jet Magazine"/> She then worked as a clerk at the Torch Motel.

Revision as of 20:32, 6 July 2017

Annie Lee Cooper
Born(1909-06-02)June 2, 1909
Selma, Alabama
DiedNovember 24, 2010(2010-11-24) (aged 101)
Selma, Alabama
NationalityAmerican
OccupationCivil rights activist
Known forSelma Voting Rights Movement

Annie Lee Cooper (June 2, 1909 – November 24, 2010) was an African-American civil rights activist in the 1965 Selma Voting Rights Movement who is best known for punching Selma Sheriff Jim Clark.

Life and work

Annie Lee Cooper was born on June 2, 1909 in Selma, Alabama, one of ten children of Lucy Jones and Charles Wilkerson Sr. By the seventh grade, Cooper dropped out of school, and moved to Kentucky to live with an older sister.[1]

In 1962, Cooper returned to Selma to care for her elderly mother.[2] Appalled by the fact that although she had been a registered voter in Pennsylvania and Ohio she was unable to register to vote in Alabama, Cooper began to participate in the Civil Rights Movement.[3] Her attempt to register to vote in 1963 resulted in her being fired from her job as a nurse at a rest home.[2] She then worked as a clerk at the Torch Motel.

In January 1965, Cooper stood in line for hours outside the Dallas County Courthouse to register to vote until Sheriff Jim Clark ordered her to vacate the premises. Clark prodded Cooper in the neck with a billy club until Cooper turned around and hit the sheriff in the jaw, knocking him down. Deputies then wrestled Cooper to the ground as Clark continued to beat her repeatedly with his club.[4] Cooper was charged with "criminal provocation" and was escorted to the county jail, and then held for 11 hours before being allowed to leave. She spent the period of her incarceration singing spirituals.[5] Some in the sheriff's department wanted to charge her with attempted murder.[6] Following this incident, Cooper became a registered voter in her home state.[1]

On June 2, 2010, Annie Lee Cooper became a centenarian. Reflecting on her longevity, she stated, "My mother lived to be 106, so maybe I can live that long, too."[1] On November 24, 2010, Cooper died at the Vaughan Regional Medical Center in Selma, Alabama.[6]

In the 2014 film Selma, Cooper was portrayed by Oprah Winfrey.[7] Winfrey said that she took the role "because of the magnificence of Annie Lee Cooper and what her courage meant to an entire movement."[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Woman known for run-in with sheriff turns 100 today". Montgomery Advertiser. Gannett Company. June 2, 2010. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b Britton, John H. (February 11, 1965). "none". Jet Magazine.
  3. ^ "Annie L. Cooper Huff Obituary". Selma Times-Journal. December 3, 2010.
  4. ^ Bernstein, Adam (June 7, 2007). "Ala. Sheriff James Clark; Embodied Violent Bigotry". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 7, 2014. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  5. ^ May, Gary (2013). Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy. Basic Books.
  6. ^ a b "Annie Lee Cooper, civil rights legend, dies". Selma Times-Journal. November 24, 2010. Retrieved June 20, 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  7. ^ Rivera, Zayda (20 June 2014). "Oprah Winfrey to play Annie Lee Cooper in civil rights drama 'Selma'". New York Daily News. Retrieved 20 June 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  8. ^ Marc Malkin (December 30, 2014). "Oprah Winfrey Opens Up About Her Violent Scene in Selma". E! Online.
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