John Clauser
John Clauser | |
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.jpg) John Clauser in 2016 | |
| Born | John Francis Clauser December 1, 1942 Pasadena, California, U.S. |
| Alma mater | California Institute of Technology (BS) Columbia University (MA, PhD) |
| Known for | Bell test experiments, CHSH inequality |
| Awards |
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Foundation of quantum mechanics |
| Institutions | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley J. F. Clauser and Associates |
| Thesis | Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Optical Observations of Interstellar Molecules (1970) |
| Doctoral advisor | Patrick Thaddeus |
| Website | johnclauser.com |
John Francis Clauser (/ˈklaʊzər/; born December 1, 1942) is an American theoretical and experimental physicist known for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics, in particular the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality.[1]
Clauser was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Alain Aspect and Anton Zeilinger "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science".[2]
Biography
Clauser was born in Pasadena, California. He received a bachelor of science in physics from the California Institute of Technology in 1964, where he was a member of Dabney HouseThe Big T. Associated Students of the California Institute of Technology. 1963.</ref>. He received a master of arts in physics in 1966 and a doctor of philosophy in physics in 1969 from Columbia University[1] under the direction of Patrick Thaddeus.[3][4]
From 1969 to 1996, he worked mainly at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the University of California, Berkeley.[1] In 1972, working with Stuart Freedman, he carried out the first experimental test of the CHSH-Bell's theorem predictions. This was the first experimental observation of a violation of a Bell inequality.[citation needed]
In 1974, working with Michael Horne, he first showed that a generalization of Bell's Theorem provides severe constraints for all local realistic theories of nature (a.k.a. objective local theories). That work introduced the Clauser–Horne (CH) inequality as the first fully general experimental requirement set by local realism. It also introduced the "CH no-enhancement assumption", whereupon the CH inequality reduces to the CHSH inequality, and whereupon associated experimental tests also constrain local realism. Also in 1974 he made the first observation of sub-Poissonian statistics for light (via a violation of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality for classical electromagnetic fields), and thereby, for the first time, demonstrated an unambiguous particle-like character for photons. In 1976 he carried out the world's second experimental test of the CHSH-Bell's Theorem predictions.[citation needed]
Clauser was awarded the Wolf Prize in Physics in 2010 together with Alain Aspect and Anton Zeilinger. The three were also jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2022.[5]
See also
References
- ^ a b c "John F. Clauser". American Institute of Physics.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022". The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Press release). October 4, 2022.
- ^ Clauser, John F. (1970). Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Optical Observations of Interstellar Molecules (Ph.D. thesis). Columbia University. OCLC 145659. ProQuest 302516464.
- ^ "Patrick Thaddeus (1932–2017)" (PDF). Biographical Memoirs. National Academy of Sciences. p. 12.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
External links
- John Clauser on Nobelprize.org
- Oral history interview transcript with John Clauser on 20, 21, and 23 May 2020, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
- John Clauser's homepage
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