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List of shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly

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The list of shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly is a list of ships which sank on or near the Isles of Scilly.

The list includes ships that sustained a damaged hull, which were later refloated and repaired.

Scilly Isles: map by John Bartholomew

Before 1601

1305

  • an unnamed sailing vessel wrecked on Tresco. The Coroner, William le Poer, on the island to take charge of the salvaged cargo, was ″seized by the mob″ led by Randulph de Blancminster, Lord of the Manor, and imprisoned until he was able to purchase his freedom.[1]

1555

  • unidentified Spanish or Spanish–Netherlands vessel on Bartholomew Ledge. The oldest wreck site in the Isles of Scilly protected under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973.[1]

1597

  • February – the Spanish Fleet of Indies galleon San Bartolomé ( Spain) was lost within the Isles of Scilly. She was carrying lead ingots and fragments of bronze bells.[2] (Note: may refer to 1555 wreck above.)

1601–1700

1616 or 1617

  • a ship ( England) equipped by Sir Walter Raleigh at his own expense sank in a gale whilst outward bound to Guiana seeking gold.[1] A small Elizabethan shipwreck fitting the size and description of this ship was found by Todd Stevens in St Marys Roadstead which could be the remains of this vessel- the Fly boat "Flying Joan".

1617

1636

1641

1645

  • July – the Royalist vessel John ran ashore after a skirmish with three Parliamentary ships.[1] She was the flagship of the pirate John Mucknell. For more information about this wreck Read the book 'Pirate John Mucknell' by Todd Stevens.

1651

  • Two unidentified Royalist frigates anchored under Hugh Hill (now the Garrison) and blockading St Mary's was driven ashore in a storm and thought to be total wrecks (not confirmed by research).[1]

1665

1667

  • 22 December (first report) – three ships lost near Scilly.[1]
  • (first report) – unidentified vessel ( Spain) wrecked at an unknown location. A passenger complained that he was left on a rock for one or two days while the cargo was salvaged, saying "Valuing the goods more than my life".[1]

1668

1670

  • 21 August (first report) – "A great ship has been lost about the Scillies, the afterpart of a wreck has been found."[1]

1680

  • 11 January – East India Company ship Phoenix carrying white pepper and cloth wrecked on the Western Rocks. Much of the cargo was salvaged and sold on Scilly to Thomas Abney who paid £202 8s 1d for 269 pieces of Peerlongs.[5] This is incorrect. The Phoenix sank near Bream ledge between the islands of Samson and Mincarlo. She was found and identified by Todd Stevens who lifted hundreds of gold and silver coins and 79 items of gold jewellery from the site.[citation needed]

1681

  • December – A cargo vessel ( Kingdom of England) wrecked off St Agnes. The lighthouse keeper on St Agnes was found guilty of negligence for being inattentive to the light and for plundering some of the cargo.[6] This is incorrect. The lighthouse keeper was not found guilty he was exonerated of any wrongdoing and the wreck was the Golden Lyon which now lies in shallow water between St Agnes western shore and the Menglow rock.[citation needed]

1686

  • February – Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie ship, Prinses Maria sank in shallow water near Silver Carn, north of Santaspery Neck within the Western Rocks. King James II sent his yacht to salvage some of the cargo and in 1973 a diving team recovered real coins, iron cannon and timbers.[5]

1701–1800

unknown year

  • a French seventy–four gun ship was wrecked on the Western Rocks whilst making an attempt to invade the islands, an accompanying frigate managed to evade the rocks and return to France.[7]

1707

The Scilly naval disaster of 1707

1720

  • a Dutch ship lost on Great Wingletang Rock, St Agnes along with her cargo and crew.[9][10]

1727

  • William and Mary from Jamaica[11]

1730

  • a ship carrying wine from the Canary Islands was wrecked on or near Rosevean. The master and a crewman were lashed to a rock for three days before rescue.[5]

1733

  • unknown ship carrying mahogany from the Bay of Honduras to London went ashore on Melledgan. Only the captain and one crew managed to get away on a raft and drifted to Kitten Rock, north of Gugh where they were picked up days later.[5]

1736

  • 9 October – The Triumph from Jamaica carrying 500 hogshead of sugar and a large quantity of rum.[12]

1737

  • a Dutch ship was wrecked in Wingletang Bay, St Agnes in a south-east gale. The master and one of the crew were lost.[13]

1738

1739

1742

  • 9 March – Nancy carrying Bristol compound spirits, hemp, iron and gunpowder caught fire and blew up in New Grimsby. There was damage to several ships in the vicinity.[5]

1743

  • 13 July – Dutch East India Company cargo ship VOC Hollandia, () on her maiden voyage and bound from Amsterdam to Batavia, wrecked on the Gunner Rock, near Annet with the loss of 276 souls.[14] In 1971 Rex Cowan found the wreck, a large quantity of silver coins, along with bronze cannons and mortars.[15][16]

1748

1750

  • unknown date – a large unidentified sailing vessel lost in the Gilstone area.[5]

1752

  • a Dutchman carrying cotton from Smyrna wrecked on Rosevean. There were no survivors.[5]

1753

  • 20 May – the Johanna stranded at Little Smith, St Agnes; accounts differ as to year of loss and voyage details. Either registered at (or left) Topsham for Swansea[18] or from the Isle of Wight for Liverpool.[5] or en route from South Shields to Liverpool.[18]

1758

  • 30 December – the Furnace bound for Gosport with a cargo of brandy, oil, prunes, rosin and pewter wrecked on Broad Ledge near Guther's Island. Most of her cargo was saved by locals and Custom officers.[5][19]

1759

  • January – while bound for Barcelona from London and Falmouth the Vincento Farea was lost at Scilly.[20]
  • 23 February – schooner Anna Adriana wrecked at Scilly with the loss of her crew and cargo.[20]

1760

  • a ″Dutchman″ was lost on the rock Biggal of Melledgan. She was carrying wine and paper.[5]

1762

  • a French vessel was wrecked on Rosevean; six of the eighteen crew survived by clinging to floating timbers.[5]

1764

  • a Dutch galliot carrying wine and brandy from Bordeaux to Hamburg wrecked on the Lethegus Ledge, St Agnes. Accounts vary from no lives lost to three lives lost.[21][22]
  • a vessel with coal for the beacon (St Agnes lighthouse) was wrecked on Burnt Island, St Agnes.[17]

1767

  • 11 January – Seahorse of Newcastle, John James, Master, bound from Cadiz to London, laden with currants, cream of tartar, Spanish wool and fustick, was wrecked near Old Grimsby[23]

1771

  • an unidentified ship lost with all hands on Gugh (probably on the Cuckolds Ledge).[10]

1773

  • 25 September – snow Duke of Cumberland from Boston, Massachusetts carrying oil, lumber, deal and other timber to London wrecked north-east of St Helen's.[5]

1774

  • 1 February – Royd ( Kingdom of Great Britain) of London was beached on rocks when she parted her cable. She was en route from Barcelona to Roscoff with brandy and wine.[5]

1776

  • A galliot was driven ashore while on a journey from Bordeaux to Hamburg with a cargo of coffee, sugar, indigo and wine, which was salvaged and put under lock and key. They were consequently stolen by a number of men. A Custom House boatman was sentenced to transportation for seven years and two women were acquitted.[24]

1780

1781

  • 3 March – brig Endeavour ( Kingdom of Great Britain) of Liverpool was beached and lost along with her cargo of herrings, coal, rum and brandy. She was bound for Portsmouth from her home port.[5]
  • an unidentified Venetian ship was wrecked on Crebawethan. She was out of Marseilles carrying Castille soap, wine almonds and oil for London. Eleven of her crew escaped the wreck by holding on to a mast which carried them to New Grimsby on Tresco.[5]

1782

  • 2 February – a British cargo ship the Lady Johanna ( Kingdom of Great Britain) wrecked at Little Smith, St Agnes. The cargo of cotton and rum was salvaged and taken to Plymouth whilst the wreck was sold and broken up.[25] Note: this is a different ship to the wreck on Little Smith in 1753.[5]
  • 14 July – cargo ship the Madonna de Carmine ( Republic of Venice) hit the Golden Ball Bar, west of St Helen's. Bound from Rotterdam to Smyrna with cloth, the crew sold some of the cargo in order to pay for their passage to Falmouth. No lives lost. A Scheduled Ancient Monument and also referred to as Madonna de Carminic.[5][26]
  • an unidentified Venetian ship was wrecked on Crebawethan. She was out of Marseilles carrying Castille soap, wine almonds and oil for London. Eleven of her crew escaped the wreck by holding on to a mast which carried them to New Grimsby on Tresco.[5]

1783

  • 24 January – brig Oldenburger carrying a general cargo from St Vincent to Ostend went ashore on Tresco in New Grimsby harbour.[5]
  • 31 July – Agnetta wrecked.[5]
  • 4 September – the Financier bound for London from Charlestown, Carolina with tobacco, rice and indigo hit rocks near Annet and sank.[5] In the same hour the Nancy (see 1784 for a different ship) carrying sugar and rum from Jamaica was wrecked near St Agnes with no loss of life. A third, unnamed, ship was also believed to have been lost with all hands.[27][28]
  • 25 November – while bound for Liverpool from Viborg with deals the Sophia ( Kingdom of Great Britain) of London stranded and sank.[5]

1784

  • 26 February – a New York transport vessel wrecked on the back of Bryher.[5]
  • 26 February – the packet ship Nancy, carrying actress Ann Cargill and her young child, struck the Gilstone in the Western Rocks and sank in deeper water near Rosevear Ledges. Some of the crew and passengers took to a small boat which was dashed on Rosevear killing all aboard. In total 36 crew, 12 passengers, and 1 prisoner drowned. For lots more information on this wreck read book 'Ghosts of Rosevear' by Ed Cumming & Todd Stevens.[29][30][31]
  • 31 December – the Aurora struck a sunken rock off Land's End and made it to the Isles of Scilly finally sinking in St Helen's Gap. Cargo salvaged and she was refloated.[32]

1786

  • 24 December – brigantine Duke of Cornwall ( Kingdom of Great Britain) of Penzance hit the Bartholomew Ledge and was beached on St Agnes. She was the Duke of Cornwall's private tin ship and was carrying a general cargo from London for Falmouth and Penzance, in the teeth of a violent gale. The crew were saved but little of her cargo was retrieved for the proprietors.[10][33]
  • 24 December – brig Betsy ( Kingdom of Great Britain) from Chester, and heading for London, was lost between the Bartholomew Ledge and Perconger, St Agnes. She was carrying lead blocks and empty casks.[10][34]
  • 24 December – Dowson ( Kingdom of Great Britain) from Leverpool (Liverpool) lost on the Isles of Scilly in a gale.[35]
  • 24 December – an unidentified sloop sank on the Isles of Scilly.[36]
  • 24 December – an unidentified brig sank on the Isles of Scilly.[37]

1788

1789

  • 24 March – Ann wrecked.[5]

1790

  • 5 June – brigantine Eagle of Charlestown carrying tobacco, rice and staves went ashore near St Agnes.[5]
  • 8 July – the 28-gun, sixth rate, HMS Pegasus (Kingdom of Great Britain Royal Navy) ) went ashore on Annet and refloated on the flood tide undamaged.[5]
  • 20 April – the Elizabeth of London ( Kingdom of Great Britain) with a cargo of salt from Alicante wrecked under Tinklers Hill, St Martin's.[19] She was originally seen with a broken mainmast, smashed decking and rigging trailing astern and encircled the islands three times before beaching herself.[5]

1791

  • April – Scilly pilot boat sunk off Old Town Bay with the loss of eleven men.[38]

1797

  • 10 January – Albion wrecked.[5]
  • September – The Lethe wrecked on Scilly Rocks.[20]

1798

  • 10 December – HMS Colossus, (Kingdom of Great Britain Royal Navy) British naval vessel wrecked off Samson in St Mary's Roads. One sailor drowned.[39] For more information on this wreck read 'Wreck of Colossus' by Todd Stevens who discovered the stern of this wreck in St Marys Roadstead.

1801–1900

Main article: List of shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly (19th century)

1901–1914

Figurehead of the Falkland in Tresco Abbey Gardens
The schooner Thomas W. Lawson, world's only seven-masted ship and largest pure sailing vessel (without an auxiliary engine) ever built. Destroyed off the uninhabited island of Annet in a storm on December 14, 1907.

1901

  • 22 June – four masted barque Falkland ( United Kingdom) of Liverpool struck the Crebinacks and drifted onto the Bishop's Rock where she foundered with several of the crew drowning. Two passengers and twenty-one of the crew made it on to the ship's boat which was piloted to St Mary's by the St Agnes lifeboat.[5][40][41] This is incorrect. Falkland struck the Bishop Rock and sank about a mile to the north of it. She now lies on the south eastern corner of Flemmings ledge in 45meters of water.[citation needed]

1902

  • 2 February – sailing ship Lofaro ( Kingdom of Italy) sunk off St Martin's Head with the loss of the crew despite attempts by the gig Emperor to save them. The Lofaro figurehead is currently in the Valhalla Museum on Tresco.[19][40]

1903

  • 17 June – Newcastle steamer James Spier ( United Kingdom) bound for Bastia from Liverpool was rammed in dense fog by Norwegian barque Magdelen 30 miles SSW. She lost her mizzen mast and was towed to Penzance by steam trawler Buckhound.[42]
  • 20 September – barque Queen Mab ( United Kingdom) of Glasgow was 105 days out of Punta Arenas when she struck the Spanish Ledges. She was bound for Falmouth, with fustic log-wood and had passed the Wolf Rock on the 18th but was forced back by a strong, easterly gale. She was holed as she sailed over the Spanish Ledges and was then piloted by the St Agnes gig O & M to anchorage off the southern tip of Samson. Found to be taking in water, and under tow by the island's packet steamer Lyonesse, she was escorted to harbour with the assistance of the St Mary's and the St Agnes (James and Caroline) lifeboats. Thirteen local men manned the pumps for over five hours, and she made it to Hugh Town where she grounded at the harbour entrance. She was salvaged and left, on tow, for Falmouth and Le Havre on 7 October.[5][10][40]
  • 17 October – while entering Crow Sound on a journey from Glasgow to Nova Scotia with a general cargo, the Kilkeel hit the Hats. She was later refloated.[5]

1904

1906

  • 3 June – steam-trawler Magdalene ( France) of Boulogne, despite passing on the wrong side of the buoy while entering St Mary's Roads to seek medical assistance for an injured member of crew, managed to miss the Bartholmew Ledges. When leaving for sea the following day she again took the wrong route and this time struck the Ledges and sank two hours later.[10]
  • 5 June – steam-trawler General Roberts ( United Kingdom) of Hull sank after taking on water in the fishing grounds north of St Martin. Her crew abandoned ship in the punt and rowed towards Round Island.[5]
  • 22 July – 2126 ton King Line steamer King Cadwallon ( United Kingdom) bound for Naples with a cargo of coal from Barry, was lost on the Hard Lewis rocks to the east of St Martin's.[5][16][40]
  • 21 August – steam-trawler Grassholm damaged her bows on Great Minalto while trying to make anchorage during thick fog. She was on passage to Cardiff with fish. St Mary's Lifeboat Henry Dundas towed her to harbour.[5]

1907

  • 14 December – Thomas W. Lawson ( United States), the world's only seven-masted schooner going as bulk oil carrier in charter for the Anglo-American Oil Co. Bound for London from Philadelphia the huge schooner was caught in a northwest gale off the Isles of Scilly on 13 December 1907. The captain and engineer were found the following day on South Carn in the Hellweather Rocks by a gig's crew which included the son of the pilot who was out searching for his father.[40][43]

1909

  • 14 August – the Plympton struck the Lethegus' Ledge off St Agnes in thick fog. All the crew were saved but a man and boy from Hugh Town were lost when the boat went down without warning as they were unloading the cargo of grain which she was carrying from Villa Constitution to Dublin via Falmouth.[16][43]

1910

  • 18 April – SS Minnehaha, first-class liner hit Scilly Rock off Bryher in dense fog. Later refloated with no loss of life.[40]

1911

  • 8 January – Ardencraig ( United Kingdom) off the Gunners, abandoned by the crew and foundered about three o'clock in the afternoon in the North West Channel.[40][44]
  • 13 January – Georges of Auray was found, by the St Mary's lifeboat Henry Dundas on the 12th, at anchor near St Agnes with a light burning but no one on board. Out from Swansea for Trinite with 170 tons of coal she lost her sails in a gale and started to leak. Her crew abandoned and landed safely on St Agnes and she sank the next morning.[5]
  • 26 March – steamship Setiembre ( Spain) struck The Hats in Crow Sound and sank. She was a total loss despite her crew dumping her cargo of iron-ore overboard in an attempt to refloat her. Her boiler can still be seen above low water.[5]

1912

  • 8 December – steamer Antonios ( Greece) lost on Old Bess with the loss of her crew. The wreck went unnoticed for three days until wreckage and thousands of oranges were washed up on St Agnes.[5]

1913

1914

  • 23 June – Gothland struck the Crim with a ″consignment of Belgium undesirables″ deported from the USA. The passengers were landed on St Mary's and later taken to Cornwall on the Lyonesse. The Gothland was refloated.[40]

World War I

1915

1916

1917

  • 11 May – two ships were wrecked on the same day during heavy fog, the SS Italia ( Italy), a steam collier was wrecked on the Great Wingletang Rock off St Agnes, and the SS Lady Charlotte, another collier, was lost, shortly before, at Porth Hellick on St Mary's. The Italia was carrying coal from Cardiff to Taranto and went aground at 15:30 and quickly sank. The only witness, a St Agnes girl was not believed and the wreckage that washed up was believed to belong to the Lady Charlotte. When the crew of the Italia reached St Mary's it was assumed that she had been torpedoed somewhere off the islands, as none of the crew could speak English. The Wingletang wreck was finally identified in 1964 when her serial number was found on the ship's patent log.[10]
  • 5 October – schooner Annie F. Conlon ( United States) was badly damaged by gunfire from a German submarine, and was towed to Crow Sound, where she began to break up. Her cargo of 455 casks of oil made £1,406 9s for her owners Marine Transport of Mobile, Alabama.[5]
  • 6 December – USS Jacob Jones ( United States Navy), American destroyer was hit in the stern by a torpedo while on convoy duty. She exploded killing her crew and sank within eight minutes 25 miles SE of the Bishop Rock.[5]

1918

  • 10 November – Admiralty tug Blazer ( United Kingdom) struck the Garrison. All her crew of 24 survived.[40]

1918–1939

1920

  • 2 December – SS Hathor ( Germany) wrecked on the Lethurges to the south of St Agnes. After breaking down near the Azores she was taken under tow by two German tugs who abandoned her in a gale off Scilly after the tow broke. Her crew was saved by lifeboat Elsie ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution).[40] She lies on the wreck of the Plympton which sank on 14 August 1909.[5][16]

1921

  • 20 January – HMS K5, ( Royal Navy) British submarine, about 120 mi (190 km) south-west of the Isles of Scilly with the loss of fifty-seven lives.[48]
  • 11 July – SS The Western Front ( United States) foundered several miles west of the Isles of Scilly when she caught fire after an explosion. She was carrying 7,000 tons of naval stores, including naphtha, turpentine and resin from Jacksonville to London. One member of crew lost his life.[40]

1925

  • 21 March – steam-trawler Cité de Verdun ( France) struck Rosevear in a snowstorm. The crew of thirty landed, lit a fire and sent distress signals which were answered by the St Mary's lifeboat, Elsie ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution). The nameboards of the trawler can still be seen in the Mermaid and Atlantic public houses on St Mary's.[5]
  • 12 June – steam-trawler Europe ( France) of Boulogne struck Rosevear in fog. As the tide rose the trawler floated off the rocks and made for Dunkirk with slight damage.[5]

1927

  • 27 October – SS Isabo ( Italy) with a cargo of grain foundered on Scilly Rock, west of Bryher. Three small boats Czar, Ivy and Sunbeam saved thirty-one men. Conditions deteriorated by the time lifeboat Elsie ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution) arrived and she had to leave four men clinging to the rigging, returning the next day to pick them up along with one on the Scilly Rock. (The account of the rescue differs with twenty-eight or thirty-six men saved out of a crew of thirty-eight).[49]
  • 26 December – sailing barge Daphne ( United Kingdom) of Rochester was abandoned by her crew and foundered one mile east of St Mary's with her main sail lost. With her jib set she sailed on into Crow Sound and grounded on Tresco. Three days later she was towed to St Mary's as salvage, repaired and returned to Rochester.[40]

1938

  • 12 September – Pasteur ( France), a fishing vessel from Camaret stranded on Hanjaque. She was a regular visitor to Scillonian and Cornish waters fishing for crayfish.[50] She was refloated on the next high tide.[5]

World War II

1939

1944

1945

  • 12 January 1945 – merchant ship torpedoed off Scilly.[51]
  • 21 January 1945 – U-1199 ( Kriegsmarine), German U-boat.[52]
  • 24 February 1945 – Oriskany, fruit cargo ship.
  • 24 February 1945 – U-1208 ( Kriegsmarine), German U-boat.[52][54]
  • 11 March 1945 – U-681 ( Kriegsmarine), hit either the Bishop Rock or the Crebinicks. She was badly damaged, tried to make for a neutral port in Ireland but was attacked by an American Liberator plane.[5] The crew scuttled her off Mincarlo[51][52] or 4 miles (6.4 km) to the north-east of the Isles of Scilly.[55]

1946–2000

1949

  • 6 October – the 6,300 ton Fantree (or Fantee) ( United Kingdom) of the Elder Dempster Line, en route from West Africa to Liverpool via Amsterdam and carrying a cargo of hardwood, palm kernels, palm oil, cocoa, rubber, cotton, coffee beans and copal struck the Seven Stones reef in dense fog. The 53 crew and passengers managed to launch the ship's two lifeboats and many of the mahogany logs were salvaged by local boatman.[17][56]

1951

  • 10 September – the Isles of Scilly packet steamer SS Scillonian ( United Kingdom) ran ashore on the Wingletang Rock in fog. She was later refloated and continued in service.[57] The 54 passengers were taken to Hugh Town by the company launch Kittern which went ashore on Rat Island damaging her rudder before finally making it to harbour.[10]

1955

1961

1967

  • 18 March - oil tanker Torrey Canyon struck Pollard's Rock on Seven Stones reef, 7 mi (11 km) east-northeast (ENE) of Scilly, causing an environmental disaster and the largest oil spill in UK waters to date.[citation needed]

1970

  • 25 February – channel trawler Jean Gougy ( France) was lost on the Western Rocks. The exact location is unknown, but wreckage and a body were washed up on Tresco. The other thirteen crew were never found.[citation needed]
  • 15 April – the MV Poleire ( Cyprus) transporting zinc ore to Poland was wrecked on the Little Kettle Rock north of Tresco, and rapidly sank.[5]

1976

  • 29 September – the fish factory ship Rarau ( Romania) was wrecked on the Seven Stones, where she later sank, although the crew were all rescued.[56]

1977

  • 13 February – St Malo trawler Enfant de Bretagne ( France) was lost on Pednathise, within the Western Rocks at night. The lifeboat came within hearing distance of the crew, but all drowned in the heavy seas before they could be brought aboard.[5]

1979

1997

MV Cita
  • 26 March – MV Cita ( Antigua and Barbuda), German-owned cargo ship wrecked at Newfoundland Point, St Mary's. She was en route to Ireland and on automatic pilot whilst the crew slept. The St Mary's lifeboat took all nine Polish crew ashore.[16][59]

Since 2001

2005

  • 4 July – trawler Sauveterre ( France) sank sixty miles off the Isles of Scilly[49]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Larn, Richard; Larn Bridget (1997). Shipwreck Index of the British Isles. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping.
  2. ^ Lettens, Jan. "San Bartolomé [+1597]". Wrecksite. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Record wreck 'found off Cornwall'". BBC. 19 May 2007. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
  4. ^ Stevens, Todd (Summer 2011). "Shipwrecks of the Simon Bayly Chart of 1680". Scillonian (273): 204–213.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba Larn, Richard (1992). The Shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly. Nairn: Thomas & Lochar. ISBN 0-946537-84-4.
  6. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 880095". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  7. ^ Woodley, George (1822). A view of the present state of Scilly islands. Truro: J Carthew County Library.
  8. ^ Sobel, Dava, Longitude: The True Story of a Lone Genius Who Solved the Greatest Scientific Problem of His Time, Fourth Estate Ltd., London 1998, p. 6, ISBN 1-85702-571-7
  9. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 880110". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i Larn, Richard (1971). Cornish Shipwrecks – The Isles of Scilly. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
  11. ^ "We have the bad news…". Caledonian Mercury. Scotland. 19 January 1727. Retrieved 17 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  12. ^ "The Triumph, Capt. Cross, from Jamaica". Derby Mercury. England. 28 October 1736. Retrieved 17 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  13. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 880118". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  14. ^ McFarland, F (June 1929). "From Far and Wide". Scillonian. 4 (18): 183.
  15. ^ "The J B Close Collection of Historic Naval Cannon". Donnington, Newbury. 15 July 2009. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  16. ^ a b c d e Allsop, Tim; Cawthray, Anna (2009). Underwater Scilly. Scilly: Marshfield Underwater Publications. ISBN 978-0-9561874-0-6.
  17. ^ a b c d Noall, Cyril (1968). Cornish Lights and Ship-Wrecks. Truro: D Bradford Barton.
  18. ^ a b Historic England. "Johanna (880147)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  19. ^ a b c Cooper, Glynis (2002). St Martin's the ancient port of Scilly (First ed.). Glossop: Historic Occasions. p. 32. ISBN 1-900006-00-6.
  20. ^ a b c Stevens, Todd (Summer 2011). "Wrecks not in any island record". Scillonian (273): 94.
  21. ^ Cooperagnes, Glynis (c. 2006). Agnes the last outpost. p. 28.
  22. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 880164". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  23. ^ "London, January 29th". Leeds Intelligencer. England. 3 February 1767. Retrieved 17 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  24. ^ Vyvyan, Clara C (1960). The Scilly Isles. London: Robert Hale.
  25. ^ Historic England. "Lady Johanna (880206)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  26. ^ Historic England. "Madonna de Carminic (880207)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2011.
  27. ^ Jones, Robin (2011). Lighthouses of the South West. Wellington, Somerset: Halsgrove.
  28. ^ "St Agnes Light". scillypedia. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
  29. ^ de Bruxelles, Simon (18 September 2008). "Divers close in on lost fortune of Ann Cargill, a scandalous star". The Times. London. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
  30. ^ McFarland, F (1927). "Shipwrecks of Scilly 1841 to 1880". Scillonian. 11.
  31. ^ "Diving on Scilly". Carmen Stevens. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  32. ^ Historic England. "Aurora (1326897)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2011.
  33. ^ Historic England. "Duke of Cornwall (880223)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  34. ^ Historic England. "Betsey (880222)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  35. ^ Historic England. "Dowson (859158)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  36. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1208905". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  37. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1208865". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  38. ^ Anon (Summer 2011). "Features". Scillonian (273): 201–2.
  39. ^ Camidge, Kevin (2002). "HMS Colossus" (PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m McFarland, F M (March 1928). "Shipwrecks of Scilly (Conclusion)". Scillonian. 4 (13): 18–22.
  41. ^ "British Bark Wrecked.; Founders Off Scilly Isles -- Part of Her Crew Probably Drowned". New York Times. 23 June 1901. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  42. ^ Carter, C. (1998). The Port of Penzance: a history. Lydney: Black Dwarf Publications. ISBN 0-9533028-0-6.
  43. ^ a b Mothersole, Jessie (1914). The Isles of Scilly. London: The Religious Trace Society. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  44. ^ Noall, C. (1969?) Cornish Shipwrecks Illustrated. Truro: Tor Mark Press; p. 22
  45. ^ "Scilly Shipwreck". The Globe. England. 28 November 1913. Retrieved 13 May 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  46. ^ "Attack on the Gulflight". United States History. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  47. ^ "Wreck: Rusting legacy". The Cornishman. 3 May 2012.
  48. ^ "Features". Scillonian. Winter 2011.
  49. ^ a b Larn, Richard; Larn, Bridget (2006). Wreck & Rescue round the Cornish Coast. Redruth: Tor Mark Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-85025-406-8.
  50. ^ Gibson (28 October 2012). "IndyPast. A trip down memory lane". Independent (Plymouth). p. 8.
  51. ^ a b c Bowden, Mark; Brodie, Allan (2011). Defending Scilly. Swindon: English Heritage. ISBN 978-1-84802-043-6.
  52. ^ a b c d e McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost patrols : submarine wrecks of the English Channel. Penzance: Periscope. ISBN 978-1-90438-104-4.
  53. ^ Corin, J; Farr, G. (1983). Penlee Lifeboat. Penzance: Penlee & Penzance Branch of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. p. 120. ISBN 0-9508611-0-3.
  54. ^ The U-480 was believed to have been sunk here also, but its wreck was found in 1998 south of the Isle of Wight, see Uboat.net
  55. ^ "U-681". Uboat. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
  56. ^ a b Liddiard, John. "Seven Stones". Retrieved 31 October 2011.
  57. ^ Mumford, Clive (8 September 2011). "Calamity for islands' vital vessel". Cornishman.
  58. ^ Historic England. "MANDO (1519482)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 December 2011.
  59. ^ "1997 Something to Remember". Scilly Up To Date. February 1998.

Further reading

  • Arlott, John (1972) Island Camera: the Isles of Scilly in the photography of the Gibson family; in collaboration with Rex Cowan and Frank Gibson. Newton Abbot: David & Charles ISBN 0-7153-5774-3
  • Du Boulay, Juliet (1959) "Wrecks of the Isles of Scilly", in The Mariner's Mirror; 1959
  • Larn, Richard & Carter, Clive (1969) Cornish Shipwrecks. 3 vols. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1969–71
  • Noall, Cyril (1968) Cornish Lights and Shipwrecks. Truro: D. Bradford Barton
  • Scilly Museum Shipwrecks Around the Isles of Scilly.
  • Vivian, John (1969) Tales of the Cornish Wreckers. Truro: Tor Mark Press
  • Cumming, Ed (2010) Shipwreck & Ship Incidents. www.scillypedia.co.uk
  • Larn, Richard & Carter, Clive (1993) Shipwrecks of the Scilly Isles. Shipwreck & Marine. ISBN 0-946537-84-4.
  • Fowles, John (1974) Shipwreck; photography by the Gibsons of Scilly. London: Jonathan Cape ISBN 0-224-01053-0
  • See further literature and details: ScillyMaritime.co.ukShipwrecks UK
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