List of IBM products
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 | |
| Company type | Public (NYSE: IBM) |
|---|---|
| Industry | Computer hardware Computer software Consultant IT service management |
| Founded | incorporated 1911 |
| Headquarters | Armonk, New York, U.S. |
Area served | Worldwide |
Key people | Samuel J. Palmisano (Chairman, President and CEO) Mark Loughridge (SVP and CFO) |
| Products | See products listing |
| Revenue |  US$ 95.757 billion (2009) |
 US$ 17.012 billion (2009) | |
| US$ 13.425 billion (2009) | |
| Total assets | US$ 109.023 billion (2009) |
| Total equity | US$ 22.637 billion (2009) |
Number of employees | 399,409 (2009)[1] |
| Subsidiaries | ADSTAR FileNet ILOG Informix Iris Associates Lotus Software Rational Software Sequent Computer Systems Telelogic Tivoli Software List of mergers and acquisitions by IBM |
| Website | IBM.com |
The following is a list of products, some notable, some less so, from the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation and its predecessor corporations, beginning in the 1890s, and spanning punched card equipment, time clocks, and typewriters, via mainframe computers and minicomputers, to microprocessors, software, and more.
This list is eclectic; it includes, for example, the AN/FSQ-7, which was not a product in the sense of offered for sale, but was a product in the sense of manufactured - produced by the labor of IBM. Also missing are RPQs, OEM products (semiconductors, for example), supplies (punched cards, for example), and some machines produced only in Europe, such as the 420 accounting machine. That those products are missing is not by fiat, but simply because no one has added them.
IBM sometimes used the same number for a system and for the principal component of that system. For example, the IBM 604 Calculating Unit is a component of the IBM 604 Calculating Punch.
Keypunches, verifiers, and derived machines
- Keyboard (pantograph) punch - manual card punch used for the 1890 US Census[2]
- IBM 001 — Mechanical punch, 1910 [3][1]
- IBM 002 — Port-a-punch
- IBM 003 — Lever Set Gang Punch, 1920 [3]
- IBM 010 — Card Punch[4]
- IBM 011 — Electric punch, 1923[5]
- IBM 012 — Duplicating Punch, 1926[3]
- IBM 013 — Badge Punch[4]
- IBM 015 — Motor Drive Punch, 1915[3]
- IBM 016 — Motor Drive Duplicating Punch (key punch), 1927[3][2]
- IBM 020 — Card Punch [3]
- IBM 024 — Card Punch (electronic - tube, BCD zone codes); 1949
- IBM 026 — Printing Card Punch (electronic - tube, BCD zone codes); 1949
- IBM 027 — Card Proof Punch, 1956[3]
- IBM 028 — Printing Card Proof Punch, 1956[3]
- IBM 029 — Card Punch (electric - diodes & relays, EBCDIC zone codes); 1964 [4]
- IBM 031 — Alphabetical Duplicating Punch; 1933 [5]
- IBM 032 — Printing Punch; 1933 [6]
- IBM 036 — Alphabetical Printing Punch, 1930[3]
- IBM 037 — Alphabetic Stencil Punch [7]
- IBM 040 — Tape Controlled Card Punch; 1941 [8]
- IBM 041 — Tape to Card Punch [9]
- IBM 043 — Tape Controlled Card Punch [10]
- IBM 044 — Tape Controlled Card Punch [11]
- IBM 046 — Tape-to-Card Punch [12]
- IBM 047 — Tape-to-Card Printing Punch [13]
- IBM 051 — Mechanical verifier
- IBM 052 — Motorized verifier
- IBM 053 — Motor Drive Verifier [14]
- IBM 054 — Motor Drive Verifier [15]
- IBM 055 — Alphabetic verifier, 1946[3]
- IBM 056 — Card Verifier (electronic - tube, BCD zone codes); 1949 [16]
- IBM 058 — Card Operated Typewriter [17]
- IBM 059 — Card Verifier (electric, diodes & relays, EBCDIC zone codes); 1964 [18]
- IBM 060 — Card to Tape Punch (5 channel)[19]
- IBM 063 — Card-Controlled Tape Punch [20]
- IBM Data Transceiver — A 65 or 66 in combination with a 67 or 68[4]
- IBM 116 — Numeric Duplicating Punch [22]
- IBM 129 — Card Data Recorder (integrated circuits - SLT, EBCDIC zone codes); 1971
- IBM 131 — Alphabetic Duplicating Punch [23]
- IBM 143 — Tape Controlled Card Punch [24]
- IBM 151 — Verifier [25]
- IBM 155 — Numeric Verifier [26]
- IBM 156 — Alphabetic Verifier [27]
- IBM 163 — Card Controlled Tape Punch [28]
- IBM 210 — Electric Verifier [29]
- IBM 797 — Document Numbering Punch; 1951 [30]
- IBM 824 — Typewriter Card Punch [31]
- IBM 826 — Typewriter Card Punch Printing [32]
- IBM 884 — Typewriter Tape Punch [6]
- IBM 963 — Tape Punch[3]
- IBM 5496 Data Recorder - Keypunch for IBM System/3's 96 column cards
- IBM Port-A-Punch — Port-A-Punch; 1958
Sorters, Statistical, and derived machines
- Hollerith 2 - Card counting sorter[5]
- Hollerith 70 — Vertical Sorter; 1908 [33]
- IBM 71 — Vertical Sorter; 1928 [34]
- IBM 74 — Printing Card Counting Sorter, 1930 [3]
- IBM 75 — Card Counting Sorter [35]
- IBM 76 — Searching Sorter Punch [36]
- IBM 080 — Card Sorter, 1925[3] [37]
- IBM 081 — Card Stencil Sorter
- IBM 082 — Card Sorter, 1948[3] [38],
- IBM 083 — Card Sorter, 1955[3] [39]
- IBM 084 — Card Sorter, 1959[3]
- IBM 101 — Statistical Machine; 1952 [40]
- IBM 106 — Coupon Statistical Machine [41]
- IBM 108 — Card Proving Machine; 196X
- IBM 109 — Statistical Sorter
- IBM 5486 Card Sorter- Sorter IBM System/3's 96 column cards
Collators
- IBM 072 — Alphabetic Collator [42]
- IBM 077 — Electric Punched Card Collator; 1937 [43]
- IBM 078 — Stencil Collator [44]
- IBM 079 — Stencil Printing Collator [45]*IBM 85 — Numerical Collator; 1957 [46]
- IBM 085 — Collator [47]
- IBM 087 — Alphabetic Collator[3]
- IBM 088 — Numerical Collator[3]
- IBM 089 — Alphabetic Collator [48]
- IBM 188 — Alphabetic Collator
Reproducing Punch, Summary Punch, Gang Punch, and derived machines
- IBM 501 — Numbering Gang Punch, 1926[3]
- IBM 512 — Reproducing Punch, 1940[3]
- IBM 513 — Reproducing Punch, 1945[3]
- IBM 514 — Reproducing Punch [49]
- IBM 515 — Interpreting Reproducing Punch [50]
- IBM 516 — Duplicating Summary Punch [51]
- IBM 517 — Gang Summary Punch, 1929[3]
- IBM 518 — Gang Summary Punch, 1929[3]
- IBM 519 — End Printing Reproducing Punch, 1946[3] [52]
- IBM 520 — Computing Punch [53]
- IBM 522 — Duplicating Summary Punch [54]
- IBM 523 — Gang Summary Punch; 1949 [55]
- IBM 524 — Electronic (tube) summary punch, non-printing, BCD zone codes[3]
- IBM 526 — Printing Summary Punch (electronic, BCD zone codes)[4]
- IBM 528 — Accumulating Reproducer [56]
- IBM 534 — Card Punch (connects to 870, 108, 1230, 1232)[4]
- IBM 545 — Output Punch (an 029 plus connector)[4]
- IBM 549 — Ticket Converter [57]
Interpreters
- IBM 548 — Alphabetic Interpreter [58]
- IBM 550 — Numerical Interpreter, 1935[3]
- IBM 551 — Check Writing Interpreter, 1935[3]
- IBM 552 — Alphabetic Interpreter [59]
- IBM 555 — Alphabetic Interpreter
- IBM 557 — Alphabetic Interpreter [60]
- IBM 938 — Electrostatic Card Printer[5]
- Hollerith Census Tabulator 1890 [61]
- Hollerith Integrating Tabulator 1896 [62]
- Hollerith Automatic Feed Tabulator 1900 [63]
- Hollerith Type I Tabulator (Type 090) 1906 [64]
- Hollerith Type III Tabulator (Type 091) 1921 [65]
- Hollerith Type 3-S Tabulator 192x [66]
- Hollerith Type IV Tabulator. (IBM 301) 1928 [67]
- Columbia Difference Tabulator 1931 [68]
- IBM 092 — 5-counter Accounting Machine [69]
- IBM 093 — 5-counter Accounting Machines [70]
- IBM 094 — Non-print Automatic Checking Machine [71]
- IBM 211 — Accounting Machine [72]
- IBM 212 — Accounting Machine [73]
- IBM 285 — Numerical Accounting Machine; 1927[3] [74]
- IBM 298 — Numerical Accounting Machine [75]
- IBM 301 — see Hollerith Type IV above
- IBM 401 — Tabulator; 1933 [76]
- IBM 402 — Alphabetic Accounting Machine 1948[3] [77]
- IBM 402 — Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 403 — Alphabetic Accounting Machine, 1948[3] [78](MLP - multiple line printing)[5]
- IBM 403 — Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 404 — Accounting Machine
- IBM 405 — Accounting Machine; 1934 [79]
- IBM 407 — Alphabetic Accounting Machine; 1949[3] [80]
- IBM 407 — Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 408 — Alphabetic Accounting Machine, 1957[3] [81]
- IBM 409 — Accounting Machine; 1959[3] [82]
- IBM 412 — Accounting Machine
- IBM 416 — Numerical Accounting Machine[8](version of 405)[5]
- IBM 417 — Numerical Accounting Machine [83]
- IBM 418 — Numerical Accounting Machine[5]
- IBM 419 — Numerical Accounting Machine[3] [84](version of 402)[5]
- IBM 420 — Alphabetical Accounting Machine [85]
- IBM 421 — WTC Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 424 — WTC Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 426 — Accounting Machine [86]
- IBM 427 — WTC Accounting Machine (for instance, suitable for British £sd currency)
- IBM 444 — Accounting Machine [87]
- IBM 447 — WTC Computing Accounting Machine (with solid state computing device)[7]
- IBM 450 — Accounting Machine [88]
- IBM 858 — Cardatype Accounting Machine, 1955[3]
- IBM 916 — Bill Feed [89]
- IBM 921 — Automatic Carriage[8]
- IBM 922 — Tape-Controlled Carriage [90]
- IBM 923 — Tape-Controlled Carriage [91]
Calculating devices
- IBM 600 — Automatic Multiplying Punch; 1931[3][9] [92]
- IBM 601 — Electric Multiplier aka Automatic Cross-Footing Multiplying Punch; 1933[9] [93][94]
- IBM Relay Calculator — aka The IBM Pluggable Sequence Relay Calculator (Aberdeen Machine) [95], [96]
- IBM 602 — Calculating Punch; 1946[3] [97]
- IBM 602A — Calculating Punch; 1948[3]
- IBM 603 — Electronic Multiplier; 1946 [98]
- IBM 604 — Electronic Calculating Punch; 1948 [99]
- IBM 605 — Electronic Calculator; 1949 [101]
- IBM CPC — Card Programmed Electronic Calculator; 1949 [103]
- IBM 607 — Electronic Calculator; 1953 [105]
- IBM 608 — Transistorized Electronic Calculator; 1957 [108]
- IBM 609 — Calculator; (transistorized) 1960 [109]
- IBM 632 — Electronic Typing Calculator; 1958[3]
- IBM 633 — Electronic Typing Calculator[4]
- IBM 614 — IBM 632/3 Typewriter output[4]
- IBM 630 — IBM 632 Arithmetic Unit[4]
- IBM 631 — IBM 632 Buffer memory[4]
- IBM 634 — IBM 632 Non-printing Card Punch[4]
- IBM 635 — IBM 632 Non-Printing Card Punch[4]
- IBM 636 — IBM 632/3 Printing Card Punch[4]
- IBM 637 — IBM 632 Printing Card Punch[4]
- IBM 638 — IBM 632 Companion Keyboard[4]
- IBM 641 — IBM 632 Card Reader[4]
- IBM 645 — IBM 632 Card Reader[4]
- IBM 648 — IBM 632 Tape Punch[4]
- IBM 649 — IBM 632 Paper Tape Reader[4]
- IBM 6400 Series — Transistorized Electronic Calculator/accounting machine family produced beginning in 1962
Other Unit Record Equipment
- IBM Electromatic Table Printing Machine — Typesetting-quality printer; 1946 [110]
- IBM Votomatic — Voting machine (Port-A-Punch balloting)[10]
- IBM 870 — Document Writing System[4]
- IBM 834 — IBM 870 Control Unit[4]
- IBM 836 — IBM 870 Control Unit[4]
- IBM 865 — IBM 870 Output typewriters
- IBM 866 — IBM 870 Non-transmitting Typewriter
- IBM 868 — IBM 870 Transmitting Typewriter
- IBM 536 — IBM 870 Printing Card Punch[4]
- IBM 961 — IBM 870 Tape Punch (8 channel)[4]
- IBM 962 — IBM 870 Tape Punch (5 track)[4]
- IBM 972-2 — IBM 870 Auxiliary Keyboard[4]
- IBM 939 — Electrostatic Address Label Printer[5]
Time clocks
IBM Manufactured many types of clocks until 1958 at which time they sold the time division. [111]
Typewriters and dictating equipment
- IBM Remote control keyboard — [112]
- IBM Electromatic typewriter; 1935
- IBM Electric typewriter, both Standard and Executive; 1949, 1954, 1959, 1967
- IBM Selectric typewriter; 1961
- IBM 6240 — Magnetic card typewriter; 1977
- Flexowriter — sold to Friden in the late 1950s
- IBM Executary Model 212 — dictation equipment [113]
Copier/Duplicators
- IBM Series III Copier/Duplicator Model 10; introduced 1976 [114]
- IBM Series III Copier/Duplicator Model 20; introduced 1976 [115]
The IBM line of Copier/Duplicators, and their associated service contracts, were sold to Eastman Kodak in 1988. [116]
World War II ordnance and related products
- M1 Carbine — rifle
- Browning Automatic Rifle — light machine gun
- 20-millimeter aircraft canon[11]
- Aircraft and naval fire-control instruments[11]
- 90-millimeter anti-aircraft gun directors and prediction units[11]
- supercharger impellers[11]
- Norden bombsight[11]
Other non-computer products
- IBM 802 — Proof Machine, 24 pockets[3]
- IBM 803 — Proof Machine, 32 pockets; 1949 to 1981, a product for 32 years![3][117]
- IBM 805 — IBM Test Scoring Machine, 1938 [118][119]
- IBM 954 — Facsimile Posting Machine[3]
- IBM 1201 — Proof Inscriber[3]
- IBM Lectern — 1954 [120]
- IBM Radiotype — [121]
- IBM Scanistor — [122]
- IBM Shoebox — Voice recognition, 1962 [123]
- IBM Ticketograph — 1937 [124]
- IBM Toll Collection System — [125]
- IBM Wireless Translation System — 1947 [126]
- IBM Hydrogen Peroxide Analyzer — 1982 [127]
- IBM PW 200 Percussive Welder — 1960s [128]
- IBM Industrial Scale — 1930s [129]
- IBM Style 5011 — ¼ horsepower electric coffee mill; 1920s [130]
- IBM Style 5117 — ½ horsepower meat chopper; late 1920s [131]
- IBM Electric Scoreboard — 1949 [132]
IBM telephone switching systems in Europe
- IBM 1750 Switching System 1979?
- IBM 2750 Switching System 1968?
- IBM 3750 Switching System 1970
Computers based on vacuum tubes, the ASCC and the SSEC (1940s, 1950s)
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2010) |
For these computers most components were unique to a specific computer and are shown here immediately following the computer entry.
- IBM 305 — RAMAC — Random Access Method of Accounting and Control; 1956
- IBM 305 — Processing Unit
- IBM 323 — IBM 305 Card Punch
- IBM 340 — IBM 305 Power Supply
- IBM 350 — IBM 305 RAMAC (Disk drive)
- IBM 370 — IBM 305 Printer (not to be confused with the much later System/370 computers)
- IBM 380 — IBM 305 RAMAC Console
- IBM 381 — IBM 305 Remote Printing Station
- IBM 382 — IBM 305 Paper Tape Reader
- IBM 407 — IBM 305 Accounting Machine (models R1, R2 used on-line)
- IBM 610 — Automatic Decimal Point Computer; 1957
- IBM 650 — Magnetic Drum Data Processing Machine; 1954
- IBM 355 — IBM RAMAC 650 (Disk drive)
- IBM 407 — IBM 650 Accounting machine on-line
- IBM 533 — IBM 650 Card Read Punch
- IBM 537 — IBM 650 Card Read Punch [133]
- IBM 543 — IBM 650 Card Reader
- IBM 544 — IBM 650 Card Punch
- IBM 650 — IBM 650 Console Unit
- IBM 652 — IBM 650 Disk and Magnetic Tape Control Unit
- IBM 653 — IBM 650 Auxiliary Unit (Index Registers & Decimal Floating Point)
- IBM 653 — IBM 650 Auxiliary Unit (60 – 10-digit words)
- IBM 654 — IBM 650 Auxiliary Alphabetic Unit
- IBM 655 — IBM 650 Power Unit
- IBM 727 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200 Characters/inch)
- IBM 838 — Inquiry Station
- IBM 701 — Defense Calculator aka Electronic Data Processing Machine; 1952
- IBM 706 — IBM 701 Electrostatic Storage Unit (2048 – 36-bit words) [134]
- IBM 711 — IBM 701 Card reader (150 cards/min); 1952 [135]
- IBM 716 — IBM 701 Printer (150 lines/min); 1952 [136]
- IBM 721 — IBM 701 Punched card recorder; 1952 (100 cards/min)[137]
- IBM 726 — IBM 701 Dual Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 100 Characters/inch)[138]
- IBM 727 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200 Characters/inch)
- IBM 731 — IBM 701 Magnetic Drum Reader/Recorder; 1952 [139]
- IBM 736 — IBM 701 Power Frame #1
- IBM 737 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Magnetic Core Storage Unit (4096 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 740 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Cathode Ray Tube Output Recorder
- IBM 741 — IBM 701 Power Frame #2
- IBM 746 — IBM 701 Power Distribution Unit
- IBM 753 — IBM 701 Magnetic Tape Control Unit
- IBM 780 — Cathode Ray Tube Display (used with IBM 740)
- IBM 702 — Electronic Data Processing Machine; 1953
- IBM 712 — IBM 702 Card Reader
- IBM 717 — IBM 702 Printer
- IBM 722 — IBM 702 Card Punch
- IBM 727 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200 Characters/inch)
- IBM 732 — IBM 702 Magnetic Drum Storage Unit
- IBM 752 — IBM 702 Tape Control Unit
- IBM 756 — IBM 702 Card Reader Control Unit
- IBM 757 — IBM 702 Printer Control Unit
- IBM 758 — IBM 702 Card Punch Control Unit
- IBM 704 — Data Processing System; 1956
- IBM 711 — Card Reader
- IBM 716 — Card Printer
- IBM 721 — Card Punch
- IBM 727 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200 Characters/inch)
- IBM 733 — Magnetic Drum
- IBM 737 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Magnetic Core Storage Unit (4096 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 738 — IBM 704/IBM 709 Magnetic Core Storage Unit (32768 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 740 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Cathode Ray Tube Output Recorder
- IBM 780 — Cathode Ray Tube Display (used with IBM 740)
- IBM Card-to-Tape Converter (described in IBM 704 Reference manual)
- IBM Tape-to-Card Converter (described in IBM 704 Reference manual)
- IBM Tape-controlled Printer(1) (described in IBM 704 Reference manual)
- IBM Tape-controlled Printer(2) (described in IBM 704 Reference manual)
- IBM 705 — Data Processing System; 1954
- IBM 714 — Card Reader
- IBM 717 — Printer
- IBM 722 — Card Punch
- IBM 727 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200 Characters/inch)
- IBM 729 — Magnetic tape drive (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200/556/800 Characters/inch)
- IBM 734 — Printer Control
- IBM 754 — Tape Control
- IBM 757 — Printer Control
- IBM 758 — Card Punch Control
- IBM 759 — Card Reader Control
- IBM 767 — Data Synchronizer
- IBM 709 — Data Processing System; 1958
- IBM 711 — Card Reader
- IBM 716 — Printer
- IBM 721 — Card Punch
- IBM 729 — Magnetic tape drive (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200/556/800 Characters/inch)
- IBM 733 — Magnetic Drum
- IBM 737 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Magnetic Core Storage Unit (4096 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 738 — IBM 704/IBM 709 Magnetic Core Storage Unit (32768 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 740 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Cathode Ray Tube Output Recorder
- IBM 755 — Tape Control Unit
- IBM 766 — Data Synchronizer
- IBM 780 — Cathode Ray Tube Display (used with IBM 740)
- IBM ASCC — Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator; 1944
- IBM SSEC — Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator; 1948 [140]
- IBM NORC — Naval Ordnance Research Calculator; 1954
- AN/FSQ-7 — computer for the Semi Automatic Ground Environment; 1959
- IBM 728 — Magnetic Tape Reader/Recorder (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 synchronization bit; 248 Characters/inch)
Computers based on discrete transistors (1960s)
- AN/FSQ-31V — US Air Force Command and Control Data Processing Element for SACCS; 1959–1960
- IBM 1620 — Small scientific computer; 1959
- IBM 1443 — IBM 1440/IBM 1620 II Printer, flying type bar
- IBM 1621 — IBM 1620 Paper tape reader
- IBM 1622 — IBM 1620 Punch card reader/punch
- IBM 1623 — IBM 1620 I Memory Expansion Unit (20000/40000 – 6-bit digits; CF8421)
- IBM 1624 — IBM 1620 Paper tape punch
- IBM 1625 — IBM 1620 II Memory Unit (20000/40000/60000 – 6-bit digits; CF8421)
- IBM 1626 — IBM 1620 Plotter controller
- IBM 1627 — IBM 1620 Plotter
- IBM 1710 — Control system; 1961
- IBM 1720 — Control system; 1961
- IBM 7030 — Supercomputer; 1960 (Stretch)
- IBM 353 — IBM 7030 Disk drive
- IBM 354 — IBM 7030 Disk drive controller
- IBM 7152 — IBM 7030 Operator's Console
- IBM 7302 — IBM 7030 Core Storage (16384 72-bit words: 64 data bits & 8 ECC bits)
- IBM 7503 — IBM 7030 Punch card reader
- IBM 7612 — IBM 7030 Disk Synchronizer
- IBM 7619 — IBM 7030 I/O exchange (8, 16, 24, or 32 I/O channels)
- IBM 7080 — High-capacity business computer; 1961
- IBM 7700 — Data Acquisition System, not marketed; 1964
- IBM 7950 — Cryptanalytic computer using 7030 as CPU; 1962 (Harvest)
- IBM 7959 — IBM 7950 High speed I/O exchange
IBM 7070 series: 7070, 7072, 7074
- IBM 7070 — Intermediate data processing system; 1960
- IBM 7072 — Intermediate data processing system; 1962
- IBM 7074 — Intermediate data processing system; 1961
- IBM 7150 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Console Control Unit
- IBM 7301 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Core Storage (5000/9990 – 10-digit words)
- IBM 7500 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Card Reader
- IBM 7501 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Console Card Reader
- IBM 7550 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Card Punch
- IBM 7602 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Core Storage Controller for IBM 7301
- IBM 7600 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Input/Output Control
- IBM 7603 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Input/Output Synchronizer
- IBM 7604 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Tape Control
- IBM 7605 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Disk Control
- IBM 7802 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Power Converter
IBM 7090 series: 7040, 7044, 7090, 7094, 7094 II
- IBM 7040 — Low-cost version of 7094; 1963
- IBM 7044 — Low-cost version of 7094; 1963
- IBM 7090 — High-capacity scientific computer; 1959
- IBM 7094 — Improved version of 7090; 1962
- IBM 7094 II — Improved version of 7094; 1964
- IBM 7151 — IBM 7090/IBM 7094 Console Control Unit
- IBM 7302 — IBM 7090/IBM 7094/IBM 7094 II Core Storage (32768 – 36-bit words)
- IBM 7606 — IBM 7090/IBM 7094/IBM 7094 II Multiplexer and Core Storage Controller for IBM 7302
- IBM 7608 — IBM 7090 Power Converter
- IBM 7618 — IBM 7090 Power Control
- IBM 7607 — IBM 7090 Data Channel
- IBM 7617 — IBM 7090/IBM 7094 Data Channel Console
- IBM 7631 — IBM 7090 File Control
- IBM 7640 — IBM 7090 Hypertape Control
- IBM 2361 — NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center IBM 7094 II Core Storage Unit (524288 – 36-bit words); 1964 [142]
IBM 1400 series: 1240, 1401, 1410, 1420, 1440, 1450, 1460, 7010
- IBM 1240 — Banking system; 1963
- IBM 1401 — Small business computer; 1959
- IBM 1402 — IBM 1401 Card reader/punch
- IBM 1403 — IBM 1401 Printer, type chain; 1959
- IBM 1416 — IBM 1403 Interchangeable Train Cartridge
- IBM 1405 — IBM 1401/1410 RAMAC (Disk drive)
- IBM 1406 — IBM 1401 Memory Expansion Unit (4000/8000/12000 – 8-bit characters; CBA8421M)
- IBM 1407 — IBM 1401 Console Inquiry Station [143]
- IBM 1409 — IBM 1401 Console Auxiliary
- IBM 1410 — Midrange business computer; 1960
- IBM 1420 — High speed bank transit system; 1962
- IBM 1440 — Low-cost business computer; 1962
- IBM 1441 — IBM 1440 Processing unit; 1962 [144]
- IBM 1442 — IBM 1440 and IBM System/360 Card reader/punch
- IBM 1443 — IBM 1440/IBM 1620 II Printer, flying type bar
- IBM 1447 — IBM 1240/1401/1440/1450/1460 Operator's Console [145]
- IBM 1448 — IBM 1240/1440/1460 Transmission Control Unit(between system and 1030/1050/1060/AT&T...)
- IBM 1450 — Data Processing System for small banks; 1968
- IBM 1460 — Almost twice as fast as the 1401; 1963
- IBM 7010 — High-capacity version of 1410; 1962
- Punched card and paper tape equipment
- IBM 1011 — IBM 1401/1440/1460/1414 I/O Sync - Paper Tape Reader [148]
- IBM 1012 — IBM 1401/1440/1460 - Tape Punch [149]
- IBM 1412 — Punch card reader/punch
- IBM 1442 — IBM 1440 and IBM System/360 Card reader/punch
- IBM 1444 — IBM 1240/1440 Punch card reader/punch
- IBM 1902 — Paper Tape Punch [150]
- IBM 1903 — Paper Tape Reader [151]
- Printer/plotter equipment and terminals
- IBM 357 — Data Collection system; 1959
- IBM 1030 — Data Collection system; 1963
- IBM 1050 — Data Communications System; 1963
- IBM 1404 — IBM 1401/Sys360 - Printer [152]
- IBM 1445 — IBM 1240/1401/1440/Sys360 - Printer [153]
- IBM 1446 — IBM 1440 - Printer Control unit for 1403
- IBM 2203 — Printer [154]
- Disk drives
- IBM 1301 — IBM 1240/1410/1440/1460/70XX - Disk drive; 1961
- IBM 1311 — IBM 1240/1401/1410/1440/1450/1460/1620/7010/1710/7740 Disk drive using IBM 1316 disk pack
- IBM 1316 — 2,000,000 character removable disk pack; 1962
- Other
- IBM 1210 — Magnetic character-reader/sorter; 1959
- IBM 1230 — Test Scoring [155]
- IBM 1231 — Optical Mark Page Reader [156]
- IBM 1232 — Optical Mark Page Reader [157]
- IBM 1285 — IBM 1401/1440/1460/Sys360 Optical Reader for printed numbers [158]
- IBM 1287 — S/360 Optical Reader for handwritten numbers [159]
- IBM 1418 — IBM 1401/1460/Sys360 - Optical Reader [160]
- IBM 1419 — IBM 1401/1410/Sys360 - Magnetic Character Reader [161]
- IBM 1428 — IBM 1401/1460/Sys360 - Optical Reader [162]
Later Solid state computers
- IBM 1130 — high-precision scientific computer; 1965
- IBM 1800 — process control variant of the 1130; 1964
- IBM 2020 — System/360 Model 20 Central Processing Unit; almost a 360: 1966
- IBM 2022 — System/360 Model 22 Central Processing Unit; small range 360
- IBM 2025 — System/360 Model 25 Central Processing Unit; small range 360
- IBM 2030 — System/360 Model 30 Central Processing Unit; small range 360
- IBM 2040 — System/360 Model 40 Central Processing Unit; small range 360
- IBM 2044 — System/360 Model 44 Central Processing Unit; scientific 360; business with special feature
- IBM 2050 — System/360 Model 50 Central Processing Unit; mid range 360
- IBM 2060 — System/360 Models 60 and 62 Central Processing Unit; mid-range 360
- IBM 2064 — System/360 Models 64 and 66 Central Processing Unit; mid range 360; multi-processor with virtual memory (DAT)
- IBM 2065 — System/360 Model 65 Central Processing Unit; mid range 360: used by NASA in Apollo project
- IBM 2067 — System/360 Model 67 Central Processing Unit; mid range 360; multi-processor with virtual memory (DAT)
- IBM 2070 — System/360 Model 70 Central Processing Unit; high range 360
- IBM 2075 — System/360 Model 75 Central Processing Unit; high range 360
- IBM 2091 — System/360 Model 91 Central Processing Unit; high range 360
- IBM 2095 — System/360 Model 95 Central Processing Unit; high range 360
- IBM 3031 — System/370 mainframe; high range
- IBM 3032 — System/370 mainframe; high range
- IBM 3033 — System/370 multiprocessor complex; high range; 1977
- IBM 3081 — System/370 mainframe; high range; models: D, G, G2, GX, K (1981), K2, KX (2 = enhanced version); 1980
- IBM 3082 — System/370 mainframe; high range;
- IBM 3083 — System/370 mainframe; high range; models: B (1982), B2, BX, CX, E (1982), E2, EX, J (1982), J2, JX
- IBM 3084 — System/370 mainframe; high range; 3081 + 3081 with same serial number, but two on/off switches; models: Q 2-way, Q 2-way2, QX 2-way, Q 4-way, Q 4-way2, QX 4-way; 1982
- IBM 3090 — System/370 mainframe; high range; J series supersedes S series. Models: 150, 150E, 180, 200 (1985), 400 2-way (1985), 400 4-way (1985), 600E (1987), 600S (1988). A 400 actually consists of two 200s mounted together in a single frame. Although it provides an enormous computing power, some limits, like CSA size, are still fixed by the 16MB line in MVS.
- IBM 3115 — System/370 Model 115 Central Processing Unit; small range
- IBM 3125 — System/370 Model 125 Central Processing Unit; small range
- IBM 3135 — System/370 Model 135 Central Processing Unit; small range
- IBM 3145 — System/370 Model 145 Central Processing Unit; small range
- IBM 3155 — System/370 Model 155 Central Processing Unit; mid range; without virtual memory [DAT] unless upgraded to 155-II
- IBM 3165 — System/370 Model 165 Central Processing Unit; mid range; without virtual memory [DAT] unless upgraded to 165-II
- IBM 3138 — System/370 Model 138 Central Processing Unit; small range;
- IBM 3148 — System/370 Model 148 Central Processing Unit; small range;
- IBM 3158 — System/370 Model 158 Central Processing Unit; mid range;
- IBM 3168 — System/370 Model 168 Central Processing Unit; mid range;
- IBM 3195 — System/360 Model 195 or System/370 Model 195 Central Processing Unit; high range; without virtual memory [DAT]
- IBM 3730 — distributed office communication system; 1978
- IBM 3741 — data station; 1973
- IBM 3790 — distributed computer; announced 1975
- IBM 4300 — System/370 mainframe; 1979
- IBM 4321 — System/370 mainframe; low range; successor of 4331
- IBM 4331 — System/370 mainframe; low range
- IBM 4341 — System/370 mainframe; mid range
- IBM 4361 — System/370 mainframe; low range; 1983
- IBM 4381 — System/370 mainframe; mid range; 1983
- IBM 4953 — Series/1 processor model 3; 1976
- IBM 4954 — Series/1 processor model 4
- IBM 4955 — Series/1 processor model 5; 1976
- IBM 4956 — Series/1 processor model 6
- IBM 5010 — System/7 processor; industrial control; 1970
- IBM 5100 — portable computer; evolution of the 1973 SCAMP (Special Computer APL Machine Portable) prototype; 1975
- IBM 5110 — portable computer; models 1, 2 & 3 featured a QIC tape drive, and then floppy disk drives; 1978
- IBM 5120 — portable computer; featured two built-in 8 inch 1.2 MB floppy disk drives; 1980
- IBM 5320, also known as System/32 — low-end business computer; 1975
- IBM 5340, also known as System/34 — System Unit; minicomputer; successor of System/32, but had also a second System/3 processor; 1977
- IBM 5360 — System/36 System Unit
- IBM 5362 — System/36 System Unit
- IBM 5363 — System/36 System Unit
- IBM 5381 — System/38 System Unit; 1978
- IBM 5382 — System/38 System Unit
- IBM 5410 — System/3 model 10 processor; for small businesses; 1969
- IBM 5415 — System/3 model 15 processor; 1973
- IBM 8100 — distributed computer; announced 1978
- IBM 8150 — processor
- IBM 9020 — for FAA
- IBM 9081 — airlines version of the 3081
- IBM 9083 — airlines version of the 3083
- IBM 9190 — airlines version of the 3090
- IBM ES/9370 — System/370 mainframe; partly replaced IBM 8100; low range; 1986
- IBM 9373 — models 20, 30, 40
- IBM 9375 — models 40, 50, 60
- IBM 9377 — models 80 and 90
- IBM Series/1 — brand name for process control computers; 1976
- IBM System/3 — brand name for small business computers; 1969
- IBM System/36 — brand name for minicomputers; successor of System/34; 1983
- IBM System/38 — brand name for minicomputers; indirect successor of IBM Future Systems project; 1979
- IBM System/360 — brand name for mainframes; 1964
- IBM System/370 — brand name for mainframes, successor of System/360; 1970
- IBM System/4 Pi — avionics computers; military and NASA; 1966
- Application System/400 — brand name for computers, successor of System/38; 1988
Computers based on discrete IC CPUs (1990 to present)
- IBM ES/9000 family of System/390 mainframes; 1990
- IBM ES/9021 — water-cooled ES/9000 type
- IBM ES/9121 — air-cooled standalone ES/9000 type
- IBM ES/9221 — air-cooled rack mounted ES/9000 type
- IBM 2003, also known as Multiprise 2000 — a very small mainframe with System/390 architecture; 1990s[12]
- IBM 2064 - zSeries z900; note number collision with earlier System/360-64; 2000
- IBM 2066 - zSeries z800; less powerful variant of the z900
- IBM 2084 - zSeries z990; successor of larger z900 models
- IBM 2086 - zSeries z890; successor of the z800 and smaller z900 models; 2004
- IBM 2094 - System z9 Enterprise Class (z9 EC); initially known as z9-109; 2005
- IBM 2096 - System z9 Business Class (z9 BC); successor to z890; 2006
- IBM 2097 - System z10 Enterprise Class (z10 EC); successor to z9 EC; 2008
- IBM 2098 - System z10 Business Class (z10 BC); successor to z9 BC; 2008
- IBM 7060, also known as Multiprise 3000 — a very small mainframe with System/390 architecture; models H30, H50, H70;[12] 1999
- IBM 9406 — Application System/400 minicomputer
- IBM 9672 — largest mainframes from System/390 line; 1994
- G1 – 9672-Rn1, 9672-Enn, 9672-Pnn[12]
- G2 – 9672-Rn2, 9672-Rn3
- G3 – 9672-Rn4
- G4 – 9672-Rn5
- G5 – 9672-nn6
- G6 – 9672-nn7
- IBM 9674 — coupling facility for interconnecting IBM 9672 computers
- iSeries — brand name for minicomputers; successor of AS/400; 2000
- System/390 — brand name for mainframes with ESA/390 architecture; successor of System/370; 1990
- System z — — brand name for mainframes with z/Architecture; rename of zSeries; 2006
- zSeries — brand name for mainframes with z/Architecture; successor of System/390; 2000
Computers based on microprocessor CPUs (1981 to present)
Computers
- IBM System/23 — DataMaster, based on the Intel 8085
- IBM 3600 — series branch banking equipment; 1973
- IBM Personal Computer - Superseded the IBM Portable Computer.
- IBM 5150 - the classic IBM PC - 1981
- IBM 5160 - IBM Personal Computer XT - 1983
- IBM 5162 - IBM Personal Computer XT/286
- IBM 5271 - IBM 3270 PC - 1983
- IBM 5160 Model 588 - PC XT/370 with a special add-in card containing an Intel 8087 math coprocessor and two Motorola 68000 chips to execute/emulate the System/370 instructions - 1983.
- IBM 5155 - IBM Portable - 1984
- IBM 4860 - IBM PCjr -1984
- IBM 5170 - IBM Personal Computer/AT - 1984
- IBM 5140 - IBM Convertible - 1986
- IBM 5281 - IBM 3270 PC but based on an IBM AT.
- IBM 5550 series Personal Computers for Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China:
- IBM 5510/5511 - IBM JX (for Japan, Australia and New Zealand)
- IBM 5530 Smaller desktop, without communications adapter
- IBM 5535 Portable
- IBM 5541 Desktop
- IBM 5551 Floor standing
- IBM 5561 Larger floor standing
- IBM PS/2 — range
- IBM PS/1 — range, later renamed IBM Aptiva
- IBM PS/ValuePoint - range
- IBM RT — series; ROMP-based; 1986
- IBM 4575 — System/88 processor; 1986
- IBM 4576 — System/88 processor
- IBM 4700 — series branch banking equipment; 1981
- IBM 9000 — lab data controller, based on Motorola 68000
- IBM 9075 — PCradio, a battery-powered personal computer; 1991
- IBM PC Series — PC300 and 700 range including 300GL and 300PL
- IBM NetVista — Corporate PCs
- IBM ThinkCentre — PC range now made under license by Lenovo Group
- IBM ThinkPad — Notebooks now made under license by Lenovo Group
- IBM IntelliStation Workstations: Pro based on Intel PC processors, and POWER based on PowerPC processors
- IBM System i — Originally AS/400, then iSeries and now System i5; 1988
- IBM System p — First RS/6000, then pSeries, then p5 and now System p5; 1990
- IBM System x — Originally PC Server, then Netfinity, then xSeries and now System x
- IBM System Cluster 1350
- IBM BladeCenter — IBM's Blade server architecture
- IBM eServer 32x — AMD processor-based server products
- IBM OpenPower — POWER5 based hardware for running Linux.
- RAD6000
- ASCI White
Supercomputers
- IBM Deep Blue - 1998
- Blue Gene - 2000
- IBM Kittyhawk - 2008 White paper issued.
Microprocessors
- IBM 801 — Pioneering prototype RISC processor; 1980
- IBM ROMP — RISC processor, also known as 032 processor
- IBM POWER — Commercial RISC processor range
- PowerPC — Partly based on POWER
- PowerPC 601
- PowerPC 603
- PowerPC 604
- PowerPC 620
- Power 7xx
- PowerPC 4xx embedded CPUs
- IBM RS64
- PowerPC 970
- Cell microprocessor
- Gekko, Broadway and Xenon CPUs for game consoles.
Solid State Computer peripherals
Punched card and paper tape equipment
- IBM 1442 — IBM 1440 and IBM System/360 Card reader/punch
- IBM 2501 — IBM System/360 Card reader (up to 1,200 cpm)
- IBM 2540 — IBM System/360 Card reader/punch
- IBM 2560 — Multifunction card machine (reader/punch/interpreter/multi-hopper)
- IBM 3505 — Card reader
- IBM 3525 — Card punch
- IBM 5424 — MFCU Multi Function Card Unit (reader/punch/printer/multi-hopper)- 96 column, System/3
- IBM 6157 — Streaming tape drive
Printer/plotter equipment and terminals
- IBM 2250 — Vector Graphics Display Terminal
- IBM 2260 — CRT Terminal
- IBM 2680 — High speed photo typesetter; 1967
- IBM 2740 — Typewriter communication terminal; 1965
- IBM 2741 — Typewriter communication terminal; 1965
- IBM 2840 — Display unit
- IBM 3101 — ASCII display station
- IBM 3102 — Thermal printer for attachment to IBM 3101, 3151, 3161, etc.
- IBM 3104 — Display station for attachment to IBM 5250
- IBM 3151 — ASCII display station
- IBM 3161 — ASCII display station
- IBM 3163 — ASCII display station
- IBM 3164 — ASCII color display station
- IBM 3178 — Display station for IBM 3270
- IBM 3179 — Display station (color or graphics) for IBM 3270
- IBM 3180 — 132 character terminal
- IBM 3191 — Display station
- IBM 3192 — Terminal. 24 or 32 lines. Record and playback keystrokes function. All configuration done through keyboard.
- IBM 3192G — Terminal. 24 or 32 lines. Graphics.
- IBM 3193 — Display station
- IBM 3194 — Advanced function colour display
- IBM 3196 — Display station
- IBM 3197 — Color display work station
- IBM 3203-5 — Printer
- IBM 3211 — Printer
- IBM 3262 — Line printer
- IBM 3268 — Dot matrix printer
- IBM 3270 — CRT Terminal
- IBM 3275 — Display station
- IBM 3277 — Terminal
- IBM 3278 — Display station
- IBM 3279 — Color graphic terminal; 1979
- IBM 3284 — Printer
- IBM 3287 — Color printer; 1979
- IBM 3288 — Line printer
- IBM 3290 — Gas panel display terminal with four logical screens; 1983
- IBM 3767 — Communication terminal
- IBM 3780 — Data communications terminal; 1972
- IBM 3800 — First laser printer introduced by IBM; 1976-1990. incl. photo
- IBM 3800-1 — Early laser printer, 1975 [163]
- IBM 3800-2 - Part of IBM Kanji System for Japanese language processing, 1979
- IBM 3800-3 — Continuous form printer; 1982 [164]
- IBM 3812 — Table top page printer
- IBM 3820 — Laser printer. 20 pps.
- IBM 3825 — Laser printer. 58 pps.
- IBM 3827 — Page printer; 1988
- IBM 3835 — Page printer; 1988
- IBM 3852-2 — Inkjet printer for IBM 3192 terminal
- IBM 3900 - Various models 001; OW1 DR1/2 etc, succeeded by infoprint 4000
- IBM 4000 - Various models succeeded by infoprint 4100
- IBM 4019 — Laser printer for PC. 10 text pages per minute.
- IBM 4039-16L — Lex Mark laser printer
- IBM 4055 — InfoWindow touch screen display
- IBM 4079 — Color inkjet printer
- IBM 4201 — ProPrinterII Model 002
- IBM 4202 — ProPrinter XL
- IBM 4207 — ProPrinter X24
- IBM 4208 — ProPrinter XL24
- IBM 4210 — APA matrix table top WS printer for the S/38-36
- IBM 4214 — Table top printer
- IBM 4216 — Personal pageprinter model 020
- IBM 4224 — Table top serial printer; 1986
- IBM 4234 — Floor standing dot band printer; 1986
- IBM 4245 — Line printer
- IBM 4248 — Impact printer; 1984
- IBM 4250/II — ElectroCompositor model 002
- IBM 4704 — Little terminals. 40 or 80 character modes
- IBM 4975 — Printer
- IBM 5081 — Color and monochrome display; separate RGB connections, capable of 1280x1024 resolution, up to 21-inch (530 mm) diagonal.
- IBM 5083 — Tablet
- IBM 5087 — Screen printer
- IBM 5201 — Printer
- IBM 5202 — Printer (Quietwriter III)
- IBM 5210 — Printer
- IBM 5219 — Letter quality printer
- IBM 5223 — Wheelprinter E
- IBM 5224 — Table top printer
- IBM 5225 — Floor standing printer
- IBM 5250 — CRT terminal
- IBM 5256 — Table top printer
- IBM 5262 — Floor standing line printer
- IBM 6153 — Advanced monochrome graphics display
- IBM 6154 — Advanced color graphics display
- IBM 6155 — Extended monochrome graphics display
- IBM 6180 — Color plotter
- IBM 6186 — Color plotter
- IBM 6262 — Line Printer
- IBM 6400 — Line matrix printer
- IBM 7372 — Color plotter, 6 pen, desktop
- IBM 7374 — Color plotter
- IBM 7375 — Color plotter
- IBM 7350 — Image processor, a specialized terminal for scientific and research applications; 1983
- IBM 7400 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Printer
- IBM 7404 — Graphic Output
- IBM 7456 — Plant floor terminal
- IBM 7900 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Inquiry Station
- IBM 8775 — Terminal
- IBM LPFK — Lighted Program Function Keyboard
- IBM XY749 — Plotter
- IBM XY750 — Plotter
Data storage units
Magnetic drum storage
Magnetic disk storage
- IBM 1302 — Disk drive
- IBM 1742 — IBM System Storage DS4500
- IBM 1750 — IBM System Storage DS6000 Series
- IBM 1814 — IBM System Storage DS4700
- IBM 1815 — IBM System Storage DS4800
- IBM 2105 — Enterprise Storage Server, or ESS, or Shark (utilized 7133)
- IBM 2106 — Extender for IBM 2105 Shark
- IBM 2107 — IBM System Storage DS8000 Series
- IBM 2302 — Disk drive
- IBM 2305-1 — Fixed head disk 2x Data Transfer rate
- IBM 2305-2 — Fixed head disk
- IBM 2310 — Disk drive, single removable platter, 1 Megabyte
- IBM 2311 — Disk drive with fixed disks (7.5 MB)
- IBM 2314 — Disk drive (removable - 28,6 MB)
- IBM 2319 — Disk Facility with 8 removable disks (229 MB in total)
- IBM 2321 — Data Cell Drive with removable cells (400 MB)
- IBM 3330 — Disk drive. (95.4 MB each spindle, up to 16 spindles per "subsystem")
- IBM 3333 — Disk drive, a variant of 3330
- IBM 3336 — Disk pack for 3330; 1973
- IBM 3340 — 'Winchester' type disk drive, removable. Model -4, more?; 1973
- IBM 3344 — Four 3340's simulated with a 3350 HDA under the covers
- IBM 3350 — Disk drive (317.5MB - 1976)
- IBM 3363 — Optical disk drive
- IBM 3370 — Fixed FBA drive (developed to store microcode and config info for the 3090. Connected through 3092); native DASD for 4331, 4361 (70 MB - 1979).
- IBM 3375 — Disk drive ("The Ugly Duckling" of IBM's DASD devices). 409.8 MB/actuator. First with dual-path access (via 'D' box)
- IBM 3380 — Disk drive; 2.46 GB per each 2-drive module (1981), later double- and triple-density versions
- IBM 3390 — Disk drive. (22 GB -1989)
- IBM 3830 — Storage control models 1 and 2
- IBM 3851 — Mass storage controller. Robot arms retrieving cylindrical tape cartridges.
- IBM 3880 — Dual-channel DASD controller for 3350,3375,3380. 1981. Later models with up to 64MB cache. First hard disk cache in the industry.
- IBM 3990 — Quad-channel DASD controller for 3390.
- IBM 4963 — Disk subsystem
- IBM 4967 — High performance disk subsystem
- IBM 5444 — Fixed/Removable disk file for System/3
- IBM 7133 — SSA Disk Enclosure (for RS/6000)
- IBM 7300 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Disk Storage
- IBM 9331 — 8 Floppy disk drive
- IBM 9332 — DASD; 1986
- IBM 9333 — Serial Link Disk Subsystem
- IBM 9335 — DASD which looks like a set of drawers. For AS/400 or System 36/38
- IBM 9337 — Disk Array Subsystem; 1992
Magnetic tape storage
- IBM 050 — Magnetic Data Inscriber (key operated, records on tape cartridge for IBM 2495 data entry into an IBM System 360)[13]
- IBM 729 — Magnetic tape drive (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200/556/800 Characters/inch)
- IBM 2401 - Magnetic tape drive (7 Track - 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200/556/800 Characters/inch)
- IBM 2401 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit; 800/1600 Characters/inch)
- IBM 2415 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit; 800/1600 Characters/inch)
- IBM 2420 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 2440 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 2495 — Tape Cartridge Reader (reads IBM 050 prepared cartridges into an IBM System 360)[13]
- IBM 3400-4 — Lower density tape
- IBM 3400-6 — Normal tape
- IBM 3410 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit); 1971
- IBM 3411 — Magnetic tape unit and controller
- IBM 3420 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 3422 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit); 1986
- IBM 3424 — Tape unit. Brazil and SA only.
- IBM 3430 — Top loading tape drive; 1983
- IBM 3440 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 3480 — Cartridge tape drive; 1984
- IBM 3490 — Cartridge tape drive; 1991
- IBM 3494 — Enterprise tape library
- IBM Virtual Tape Server (VTS) — tape virtualization engine for IBM 3494
- IBM 3495 — Robotic tape library
- IBM 3573 models L2U, L3S, F3S — TS3100 Tape Library
- IBM 3573 models L4U, L2H, F3H — TS3200 Tape Library
- IBM 3576 — TS3310 Tape Library
- IBM 3577 — TS3400 Tape Library
- IBM 3580 — LTO tape drive
- IBM 3584 — TS3500 Tape Library
- IBM 3588 model F3B — TS1030 Tape Drive; LTO3
- IBM 3588 model F4A — TS1040 Tape Drive; 2007; LTO4; TS2340 is a standalone version
- IBM 3590 — tape drive (Magstar)
- IBM 3592 — TS1120 Tape Drive; model J1A known as Jaguar in 2004; model E05 in 2007
- IBM 3803 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 3850 — Mass Storage System (MMS); 1974
- IBM 3954 — TS7510 and TS7520 Virtualization Engines
- IBM 3954 — TS7510 and TS7520 Virtualization Engines
- IBM 3956 — TS7740 Virtualization Engine; models CC6 and CX6
- IBM 3957 — TS7700 Virtualization Engine; model V06
- IBM 4480 — Cartridge drives which could be mounted by a robot
- IBM 4580 — System/88 disk drive
- IBM 4581 — System/88 disk drive
- IBM 4585 — Autoload streaming magnetic tape unit
- IBM 4968 — Autoload streaming magnetic tape unit
- IBM 7330 — Magnetic tape drive (7 Track – 6 data bits & 1 parity bit; 200/556 Characters/inch)
- IBM 7340 — Hypertape
- IBM 8809 — Magnetic tape unit
- IBM 9347 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
- IBM 9349 — Magnetic tape drive (9 Track – 8 data bits & 1 parity bit)
Optical storage
Storage networking and virtualization
- IBM 3044 — Fiber optic channel extender link
- IBM 9034 — ESCON/Parallel Converter
- IBM 2103-H07 SAN Fibre Channel Hub
- IBM 2109 SAN Fibre Channel switch (OEM Brocade)
- IBM SAN File System - a software for sharing file systems in SAN
- IBM 2145 — System Storage SAN Volume Controller (SVC)
Coprocessor units
- IBM 2938 — Array processor; attach to 2044 (model 1) or 2165 (model 2)
- IBM 3092 — IBM 3090 Processor controller
- IBM 3838 — Array processor; 1976
- IBM 4758 — PCI Cryptographic Coprocessor
Input/Output control units
- IBM 2701 — Communication Controller
- IBM 2702 — Communication Controller
- IBM 2703 — Communication Controller
- IBM 2820 — Drum Storage Control Unit for 2301 Drum Storage Units
- IBM 2821 — Control unit (for 2540 Reader/Punch and 1403 Printer)
- IBM 2835 — Control unit model 1 (for 2305-1 Drum)
- IBM 2835 — Control unit model 2 (for 2305-2 Drum)
- IBM 2840 — Display Control Unit Model I for 2250 Model-II Analog Displays
- IBM 2840 — Display Control Unit Model II for 2250 Model III Analog Displays
- IBM 2841 — DASD Control unit (for 2311, 2301, 2302, 2303, and 2321)
- IBM 2848 — Display Controller (for 2260)
- IBM 3088 — Multisystem channel communications unit
- IBM 3174 — Subsystem controller
- IBM 3271 — Remote control unit
- IBM 3272 — Local control unit
- IBM 3274 — Control unit
- IBM 3276 — Control unit display station
- IBM 3299 — Slim line controller
- IBM 3704 — Communication Controller
- IBM 3705 — Communication Controller
- IBM 3708 — Network control unit
- IBM 3710 — Communication adaptor
- IBM 3720 — Communication Controller
- IBM 3721 — Expansion unit for IBM 3720
- IBM 3724 — Controller
- IBM 3725 — Communication Controller
- IBM 3728 — Communication control matrix switch
- IBM 3745 — High-speed communication controller; 1988. Model -410, more?
- IBM 3746 — Multiprotocol Controller
- IBM 3770 — Communication system
- IBM 4959 — I/O expansion unit
- IBM 4987 — Programmable communication subsystem
- IBM 5088 — Graphics channel controller. Part of 5080 system.
- IBM 5209 — 5250-3270 link protocol converter
- IBM 7171 — 3270-type Protocol converter
- IBM 7426 — Terminal interface unit
- IBM 7621 — Tape Control
- IBM 7740 — Communication control unit; 1963
- IBM 7750 — Transmission Control Unit[14]
- IBM 7909 — Data Channel
- IBM 8102 — Storage and I/O unit
Power supply/distribution units
Modems
- IBM 3833 — Modem; 1985
- IBM 3834 — Modem; 1985
- IBM 3863 — Modem
- IBM 3864 — Modem
- IBM 3865 — Modem
- IBM 3868 — Rack-mounted modem
- IBM 5810 — Limited distance multi-modem enclosure (for 5811 and 5812)
- IBM 5811 — Limited distance modem
- IBM 5812 — Limited distance modem
- IBM 5841 — 1200 bit/s modem
- IBM 5842 — 2400 bit/s modem; 1986
- IBM 5865 — Modem
- IBM 5866 — Modem
- IBM 5868 — Rack mounted modem
Other
- IBM 1210 — Magnetic character-reader/sorter; 1959
- IBM 1230 — Test Scoring [165]
- IBM 1231 — Optical Mark Page Reader [166]
- IBM 1232 — Optical Mark Page Reader [167]
- IBM 1285 — IBM 1401/1440/1460/Sys360 Optical Reader for printed numbers [168]
- IBM 1287 — S/360 Optical Reader for handwritten numbers [169]
- IBM 1418 — IBM 1401/1460/Sys360 - Optical Reader [170]
- IBM 1419 — IBM 1401/1410/Sys360 - Magnetic Character Reader [171]
- IBM 1428 — IBM 1401/1460/Sys360 - Optical Reader [172]
- IBM 2914 — Switching unit
- IBM 3017 — Power and Coolant Distribution Unit (3031 processor complex)
- IBM 3027 — Power and Coolant Distribution Unit (3032 processor complex)
- IBM 3037 — Power and Coolant Distribution Unit (3033 processor complex)
- IBM 3087 — Coolant Distribution Unit (308x processor complex)
- IBM 3097 — Power and Coolant Distribution Unit (3090 processor complex)
- IBM 3117 — Image scanner
- IBM 3118 — Image scanner
- IBM 3540 — Diskette I/O unit
- IBM 3814 — Switching Management System
- IBM 3897 — Image capture system
- IBM 3898 — Image processor
- IBM 4577 — System/88 expansion cabinet
- IBM 4964 — Diskette unit
- IBM 4965 — Diskette drive and I/O expansion unit
- IBM 4966 — Diskette magazine unit
- IBM 4982 — Sensor I/O unit
- IBM 4993 — Series/1-S/370 termination enclosure
- IBM 4997 — Rack enclosure
- IBM 5080 — Graphics attachment adaptor; for System/370
- IBM 5085 — Graphics processor; for System/370
- IBM 5294 — Remote control unit
- IBM 6090 — High-end graphics system for the System/370
- IBM 7170 — Device attachment control unit
- IBM 7770 — Audio Response Unit [173]
- IBM 9037 — Sysplex Timer
IBM PC components and peripherals
- IBM 2215 — 15" Multisync Color Monitor with Digital Controls 65 kHz for Asia Pacific
- IBM 5144 — PC convertible monochrome display
- IBM 5145 — PC convertible color display
- IBM 5151 — Monochrome (green screen) CRT monitor, designed for MDA
- IBM 5152 — IBM Graphic Printer (technically this was an Epson MX-80 dot matrix printer, but it was IBM-labelled)
- IBM 5153 — Color CRT monitor, designed for CGA
- IBM 5154 — Enhanced color display and enhanced graphics adaptor
- IBM 5161 — Expansion Unit for the IBM PC, a second chassis that was connected via ISA bus extender and receiver cards and a 60 pin cable connector; the Expansion Unit had its own power supply with enough wattage to drive up to two hard drives (the IBM 5150's original power supply was insufficient for hard drives) [15]
- IBM 5173 — PC network baseband extender
- IBM 5175 — Professional graphics display
- IBM 5201 — Quietwriter Printer Model 2
- IBM 5202 — Quietwriter III printer
- IBM 6312 — PS/ValuePoint Color Display
- IBM 6314 — PS/ValuePoint Color Display
- IBM 6317 — Color display
- IBM 6319 — PS/ValuePoint Color Display
- IBM 6324 — Color display
- IBM 6325 — Color display
- IBM 6327 — Color display
- IBM 8503 — Monochrome monitor for PC
- IBM 8507 — PS/2 monochrome display
- IBM 8512 — PS/2 color display
- IBM 8513 — PS/2 color display
- IBM 8514 — PS/2 large color display
- IBM 8514/A — Display adaptor
- IBM T220/T221 LCD monitors — 9503 Ultra-high resolution monitor
- IBM 9521 — Monitor
- IBM 9524 — Monitor
- IBM 9525 — Monitor
- IBM 9527 — Monitor
- IBM E74 — CRT monitor, ca 2001
- IBM E74M — CRT monitor with built-in speakers and microphone (model no. 6517-U7N) ca 2001
- IBM PC keyboard
- Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA)
- Color Graphics Adapter (CGA)
- Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA)
- Professional Graphics controller (PGC)
- Multicolor Graphics Adapter (MCGA)
- Video Graphics Array (VGA)
- 8514/A (Image Adapter/A)
- Micro Channel architecture (MCA) — 32-bit expansion bus for PS/2
- Mwave
- Deltamatic — Delta Air Lines reservations system
- PANAMAC — Pan American World Airways reservations system
- Programmed Airline Reservation System (PARS) — airline reservations system
- Sabre — American Airlines reservations system
Avionics and space systems
- Gemini Guidance Computer — [174]
- Saturn Guidance Computer — [175]
- Saturn instrument unit — [176]
- Skylab Onboard Computers — [177]
- Space Shuttle General Purpose Computer — [178]
Bank and finance
- IBM 1420 — High-speed Bank Transit System; 1962
- IBM 2730 — Transaction validation terminal; 1971
- IBM 2984 — Cash dispensing terminal; 1972
- IBM 3600 — Finance Communication System; 1973
- IBM 3601 — Branch Controller
- IBM 3604 — Teller Terminal (Keyboard/Magnetic Swipe/Display/Optional PINpad)
- IBM 3606 — Teller Terminal (Keyboard/Magnetic Swipe/Display)
- IBM 3608 — Printer with Keyboard and Display
- IBM 3609 — Printer
- IBM 3610 — Document Printer
- IBM 3611 — Passbook Printer
- IBM 3612 — Document/Passbook Printer
- IBM 3613 — Journal Printer
- IBM 3614 — Automatic teller machine (ATM aka CTF); 1973
- IBM 3615 — Administrative Printer
- IBM 3616 — Journal Printer
- IBM 3619 — Line Printer ('Australian' administrative printer version)
- IBM 3620 — Magnetic Stripe Reader Encoder and Journal/Document Printer
- IBM 3621 — Statement Printer with Magnetic Stripe Reader and optional Keyboard/PINpad
- IBM 3624 — Through-the-wall ATM; 1979
- IBM 5995 — Branch Controller
- IBM 3670 — Brokerage communications system; 1971
- IBM 3895 — Deposit processing system; 1978
- IBM 4700 — Finance Communication System; 1981
- IBM 4701 — Branch Controller (8" floppy disc)
- IBM 4702 — Branch Controller (5-1/4" HD floppy disc; hard disc)
- IBM 4704 — Teller Terminal (Keyboard/Magnetic Swipe/Display/Optional PINpad)
- IBM 4710 — Journal/Cutform Printer
- IBM 4712 — Journal/Cutform Printer
- IBM 4713 — Verification Printer
- IBM 4715 — Printer
- IBM 4720 — Cutform/Passbook Printer
- IBM 4722 — Passbook Printer
- IBM 4723 — Document Processor
- IBM 4730 — Counter-style Personal Banking Machine (PBM); 1983
- IBM 4731 — In-lobby PBM; 1983
- IBM 4732 — In-lobby PBM; 1987
- IBM 4736 — Cash-only PBM
- IBM 4781 — Table Top ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1060)
- IBM 4782 — In-lobby ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1062)
- IBM 4783 — Cash-only ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1064)
- IBM 4785 — Exterior ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1072)
- IBM 4786 — Exterior Cash-only ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1071)
- IBM 4787 — Exterior Drive-up ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1073)
- IBM 4788 — Exterior Self-standing Cash-only ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1074)
- IBM 4789 — Cash-only ATM; 1991 (re-badged Diebold 1063)
- IBM 5922 — Low-speed Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Reader
Document processing
- IBM 1287 — Optical reader; 1966
- IBM 1288 — Optical Page reader;
- IBM 3740 — Data entry system; 1973
- IBM 3881 — Optical mark reader; 1972
- IBM 3886 — Optical character reader; 1972
- IBM 3890 — Document Processor; 1973
- IBM 3892 — Document Processor; 1987
- IBM 6640 — Document printer; 1976
- IBM 9370 — Document reproducer; 1966
- IBM Displaywriter System — 1980
Educational
- IBM 1500 — Computer-assisted instruction system; 1966
Industry and manufacturing
- IBM 3630 — Plant Communications System; 1978
- IBM 5275 — Direct Numerical Control Station; 1973
- IBM 5531 — Industrial computer for plant environments; 1984
- IBM 7531 — Industrial computer; 1985
- IBM 7532 — Industrial computer; 1985
- IBM 7535 — Industrial robotic system; 1982
- IBM 7552 — Industrial computer; 1986
- IBM 7565 — Industrial robotic system; 1982
- IBM 9003 — Industrial computer; 1985
Medical/science/lab equipment
- IBM 2991 — Blood cell separator; 1972; model 2 1976
- IBM 2997 — Blood cell separator; 1977
- IBM 5880 — Electrocardiograph system; 1978
- IBM 9630 — Gas chromograph; 1985
Retail/point-of-sale (POS)
- IBM 3650 — Retail Store System; 1973
- IBM 3660 — Supermarket System; 1973
- IBM 3663 — Supermarket Terminal; 1973 [179]
- IBM 4610 — SureMark Retail Printer [180]
- IBM 4683 — PC Based Retail System; 1987
- IBM 4693 — PC Based Retail System
- IBM 4694 — PC Based Retail System
- IBM SurePOS 300 — Cost effective PC Based Retail System [181]
- IBM SurePOS 500 — All in one PC Based Retail System [182]
- IBM SurePOS 700 — High performance PC Based Retail System [183]
- IBM SureOne — PC Based Retail System
- AnyPlace POS - Customer touch screen Kiosk [184]
Telecommunications terminals
- IBM Simon — Smartphone; 1994
Unclassified
- IBM 2350 — Graphics display system; 1977
- IBM 2770 — Data Communications System; 1969
- IBM 2790 — Data Communications System; 1969
- IBM 2922 — Programmable terminal; 1972
- IBM 6361 — Fastdraft system; 1982
Computer software
The software listings are generally software families, not products (Fortran was not a product; Fortran H was a product). Indeed, the software listings at this time are few, compared to what IBM produced.
Operating systems
- AIX, IBM's proprietary UNIX OS (Advanced Interactive eXecutive)
- BPS/360 (Basic Programming Support/360)
- BOS/360 (Basic Operating System/360)
- TOS/360 (Tape Operating System/360)
- DOS/360 (Disk Operating System/360)
- DOS/VS (Disk Operating System/Virtual Storage - 370)
- DOS/VSE (Virtual Storage Extended - 370, 4300)
- VSE/ESA (Virtual Storage Extended/Enterprise System Architecture)
- DPCX (Distributed Processing Control eXecutive)
- DPPX (Distributed Processing Programming eXecutive)
- IBSYS (IBM 7090/94 operating system)
- TSS/360 (Time Sharing System, a failed predecessor to VM/CMS, intended for the IBM System/360 Model 67)
- OS/360 (Operating System/360)
- OS/MFT (Operating System - Multiprogramming w. Fixed Tasks/360)
- OS/MVT (Operating System - Multiprogramming w. Variable Tasks/360)
- OS/MVS (Operating System - Multiple Virtual Systems for IBM/360)
- OS/VS1 (Operating System - Virtual Storage 1) for the IBM/370
- MVS/370 (Multiple Virtual Systems/370 - OS/MVS + Virtual Storage)
- MVS/XA (Multiple Virtual Systems - Extended Architecture)
- MVS/ESA (Multiple Virtual Systems - Enterprise System Architecture)
- System/360 Mod 44 (Disk Fortran Monitor)
- System/360 Mod 44 (Model 44 OS - Operating System)
- OS/390, now z/OS (Zero down time/OS) (same z as in VM/CMS' new name z/VM)
- OS/400, now i5/OS
- PC-DOS (Personal Computer Disk Operating System)
- OS/2 (Operating System/2) for the IBM PS/2
- Transaction Processing Facility
- VM/CMS, now z/VM (Virtual Machine/Conversational Monitor System)
- VM/ESA (Virtual Machine/Enterprise System Architecture)
- 4690 OS (retail)
- System Support Program
Utilities and languages
- A20 handler for the PC (address line 20 handler)
- Autocoder macro assembler for various machines
- COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)
- EGL (Enterprise Generation Language)
- FAP assembler for the IBM 709, 7090, and 7094 (FORTRAN Assembly Program)
- FORTRAN (originally developed by IBM for the 704) (FORmula TRANslator)
- JES2 and JES3, job entry and spooling subsystems
- JCL batch job/scripting language for JES2/3
- PL/I (Programming Language/One)
- PL/S (Programming Language/Systems)
- REXX scripting language (REstructured eXtended eXecutor)
- RPG programming language (Report Program Generator)
- VisualAge compilers (C/C++, Fortran, Java, ...)
- Eclipse an IDE
Middleware and applications
- 9PAC Report generator for the IBM 7090 (709 PACkage)
- IBM Administrative Terminal System (ATS) Online Text Entry, Editing, Processing, Storage and Retrieval
- IBM Assistant Series (Filing Assistant, Reporting Assistant, Graphing Assistant, Writing Assistant and Planning Assistant)
- IBM Audio Distribution System
- IBM BS12 (IBM Business System 12)
- IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System)
- CICS Transaction Gateway
- IBM Cloudscape Pure Java Database Server. Now open source Apache Derby
- IBM Concurrent Copy, backup software
- IBM DB2 Relational DBMS (DataBase 2)
- IBM DB2 Content Manager
- IBM DB2 Document Manager
- IBM DB2 Records Manager
- IBM Deep Computing Visualization for Linux V1.2
- IBM FileNet products, P8 Business Process Management and Enterprise Content Management(FileNet bought by IBM)
- IBM HTTP Server
- IBM Information Management System (IMS) Hierarchical database management system (DBMS)
- IBM Informix Dynamic Server
- IBM Lotus Connections
- IBM Lotus Expeditor
- IBM Lotus QuickPlace
- IBM Lotus Quickr
- IBM Lotus Notes (Lotus Development was bought by IBM in 1995)
- IBM Lotus Sametime
- IBM Lotus SmartSuite Office Suite
- IBM OMEGAMON
- IBM Personal Communications Emulator, also known as Host Access Client
- IBM OfficeVision originally named PROFS
- IBM QualityStage Acquired from Ascential
- Rational Software's products (Rational bought by IBM in 2003)
- IBM Rational Application Developer
- IBM Rational Software Architect
- IBM Rational Asset Manager
- IBM Red Brick Database Server
- IBM RFID Information Center (RFIDIC) Tracking and tracing products through supply chains
- IBM Softek TDMF
- IBM Tivoli Access Manager (TAM)
- IBM Tivoli Application Dependency Discovery Manager (TADDM)
- IBM Tivoli Asset Manager for IT (TAMIT)
- IBM Tivoli Framework (Tivoli Systems was bought by IBM in 1995)
- IBM Tivoli Change and Configuration Management Database (CCMDB)
- IBM Tivoli Compliance Insight Manager (TCIM)
- IBM Tivoli Monitoring
- IBM Tivoli Netview
- IBM Tivoli Storage Manager (Formerly ADSM, moved to Tivoli in 1999)
- IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack
- IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler
- IBM Tivoli System Automation
- IBM U2, including IBM UniVerse and IBM UniData Dimensional database DBMS
- IBM ViaVoice Dictation (early version: IBM VoiceType)
- IBM Virtualization Engine
- IBM WebSphere
- IBM WebSphere Application Server
- IBM WebSphere Business Events
- IBM WebSphere Banking Transformation Toolkit
- IBM WebSphere Message Broker
- IBM WebSphere MQ (previously known as IBM MQSeries)
- IBM WebSphere Portal
- IBM WebSphere Process Server
- WebSphere Service Registry and Repository
- IBM Workplace Web Content Management (IWWCM) Web content management for WebSphere Portal and Domino servers (Presence Online dba Aptrix bought by IBM in 2003)
- IBM Works Office suite for OS/2
- TOURCast
- CoScripter
See also
References
- ^ IBM 2009 Annual Report, "Complete 2009 Annual Report".
- ^ Truesdell, Leon E. (1965). The Development of Punch Card Tabulation in the Bureau of the Census 1890-1940. US GPO.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay Meacham, Alan D. (1961). Data Processing Equipment Encyclopedia. Gille Associates. Book includes photos of some machines Cite error: The named reference "Gille" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab IBM Sales Manual. IBM. Cite error: The named reference "IBMsm" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Fierheller, George A. (2006). Do not fold, spindle or mutilate: the "hole" story of punched cards (PDF). Stewart Pub. ISBN 1-894183-86-X. An accessible book of recollections (sometimes with errors), with photographs and descriptions of many unit record machines.
- ^ Form 224-8208-3
- ^ a b c d e f IBM 402, 403 and 407; IBM 421, 444, 407 and 447 for World Trade Corporation; Computing Accounting Machines. IBM. A24-3475-0.
- ^ a b IBM Operator's Guide. IBM. 1955. 22-8485-3.
- ^ a b Bashe, Charles J. (1986). IBM's Early Computers. MIT. ISBN 0-262-02225-7.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ IBM Archive: Votomatic
- ^ a b c d e Pugh, Emerson W. (1995). Building IBM: Shaping an Industry and Its Technology. MIT. ISBN 0-262-16147-8.
- ^ a b c Elliott, Jim (2004-08-17). ""The Evolution of IBM Mainframes and VM"" (PDF). SHARE Session 9140. Retrieved 2007-10-21. Slide 28: "9672 to zSeries". Cite error: The named reference "Elliott" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b IBM 50 Magnetic Data Inscriber, Component Description. IBM. 1969. A27-2725-2.
- ^ CTSS
- ^ http://www.binarydinosaurs.co.uk/Museum/ibm/pc.php