Bob Feller

For other people nicknamed "Bullet Bob", see Bullet Bob.

Bob Feller
Pitcher
Born: (1918-11-03)November 3, 1918 Van Meter, Iowa
Died: December 15, 2010(2010-12-15) (aged 92) Cleveland, Ohio
Batted: Right Threw: Right
debut
July 19, 1936, for the Cleveland Indians
Last appearance
September 30, 1956, for the Cleveland Indians
Career statistics
Win–loss record	266–162
Earned run average	3.25
Strikeouts	2,581
Teams
Cleveland Indians (1936–1941, 1945–1956)
Career highlights and awards
8× All-Star (1938–1941, 1946–1948, 1950) World Series champion (1948) Triple Crown (1940) Pitched three career no-hitters 6× AL wins leader (1939–1941, 1946–1947, 1951) 7× AL strikeouts leader (1938–1941, 1946–1948) Cleveland Indians#19 retired
[[{{{hoflink}}}|Member of the {{{hoftype}}}]]
[[{{{hoflink}}}|Baseball Hall of Fame]]
Induction	1962
Vote	93.8% (first ballot)

Robert William Andrew Feller (November 3, 1918 – December 15, 2010), nicknamed "The Heater from Van Meter," "Bullet Bob," and "Rapid Robert," was an American Major League Baseball pitcher from 1936 to 1956. A prodigy who bypassed the minor leagues, Feller first played for the Cleveland Indians at the age of 17, and played for 18 seasons in total, each with the Cleveland Indians. His career was interrupted by four years military service in World War II during which he served as Chief Petty Officer aboard the USS Alabama.

Feller became the first pitcher to win at least 20 games in a season before the age of 21. During his career he threw no-hitters in 1940, 1946, and 1951. Feller also recorded 12 one-hitters (his no-hitters and one-hitters were records at the time of his retirement). The Indians won a World Series title in 1948 and an American League-record 111 wins and the pennant in 1954 thanks to his efforts. He led the American League in wins six times and strikeouts in seven seasons. In 1946, Feller recorded 348 strikeouts on the season, a total not bettered for 27 years. An eight-time All-Star, Feller was ranked 36th on Sporting News's list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players and also the publication's "greatest pitcher of his time" as well as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999.

Ted Williams called Feller "the fastest and best pitcher I ever saw during my career ... He had the best fastball and curve I've ever seen." Stan Musial believed he was "probably the greatest pitcher of our era." He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962 on his first ballot appearance; at the time only three players had a higher percentage of ballot votes. He was elected the inaugural President of the Major League Baseball Players' Association and participated in barnstorming exhibition games which featured players from both the Major and Negro Leagues. Feller, who died at the age of 92, was described by Tom Hamilton: "You don't go to Yankee Stadium and see Yogi Berra at the games, or when they were alive, Joe DiMaggio or Mickey Mantle. They'd come back for Old Timers Games. Bob was there because it was baseball, and because it was the Cleveland Indians."

Early life

Feller was born and raised in Van Meter, Iowa. His father, William, ran the 360-acre (150 ha; 0.56 sq mi) family farm, and his mother, Lena, was a registered nurse and a teacher. His sister, Marguerite, played for the girls' basketball team at Van Meter High School, and was the Iowa state ping-pong champion. Feller played catch daily with his father. By the time he was eight years old, he had learned to throw a curve ball and when he was nine, he could throw a ball 270 feet (82 m). To assist his son, Feller senior switched to grow wheat on his farm, a less labor intensive crop than corn, to allow his son more time to play baseball. Originally the Fellers were Roman Catholics but converted to Methodism after Feller's father was reprimanded by their parish priest for letting him play on Sundays. Feller later suggested that his arm strength and ball speed during his major league career came from his childhood work milking cows, picking corn, and baling hay. He recalled his childhood fondly: "What kid wouldn't enjoy the life I led in Iowa? Baseball and farming, and I had the best of both worlds." The family's farm is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Feller began to play American Legion Baseball in the nearby town of Adel at the age of 12; the following year, his father built a baseball diamond on the farm. The diamond was named Oak View Park and included a pitching mound, scoreboard and concessions area. Feller and other players formed a team, the Oakviews, consisting of semi-pro and high school ballplayers. Feller played primarily as a shortstop or outfielder, and emulated Rogers Hornsby's batting stance. From the age of 15, he began to pitch for the Oakviews after a starting pitcher was injured and continued to play American Legion baseball. His catcher during this period was Nile Kinnick, who later became a member of the College Football Hall of Fame.

Feller attended Van Meter High School and was a starting pitcher for the school's baseball team. During this time he continued to play on the Farmers Union team in the American Amateur Baseball Congress, and had 25 wins and four losses for Farmers Union one season. He also was the starting center for the high school basketball team. By the age of 16, Feller possessed what critics judged a high quality fastball; major league scouts traveled to Dayton, Ohio to watch him in the annual national baseball tournament. After the game, several big league clubs offered signing bonuses, but he had already been signed to a professional contract with the Cleveland Indians.

Professional career

Teenage phenomenon (1936–1941)

In 1936, Feller was signed by scout Cy Slapnicka for one dollar and an autographed baseball. While scouting Feller, Slapnicka said, "This was a kid pitcher I had to get. I knew he was something special. His fastball was fast and fuzzy; it didn't go in a straight line; it would wiggle and shoot around. I didn't know then that he was smart and had the heart of a lion, but I knew that I was looking at an arm the likes of which you see only once in a lifetime." Feller was assigned to Fargo-Moorhead and was to report there after finishing the high school semester. Slapnicka was later named general manager of the Indians and transferred Feller's contract from the Fargo-Moorhead Twins to the New Orleans Pelicans. He was planning to add Feller, along with outfielder Tommy Henrich, to the major league roster after a few exhibition and semi-pro games without visiting either farm club, in a move that would be in violation of Major League Baseball's (MLB) rules as only minor league teams could sign amateurs to contracts. After a three-month investigation, concluding in December 1936, about whether the Indians broke any Major League Baseball rules by signing Feller, Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis disagreed with the argument presented by Slapnicka and Indians president Alva Bradley, but awarded both Feller and Henrich free agency and required the club to pay a $7,500 fine. Landis made the decision partly due to the testimony of Feller and his father, who wanted his son to play for Cleveland and who had also told Landis he would take the issue to court. Feller elected to remain with the Indians but Henrich joined the New York Yankees. Sports columnist Joe Williams wrote, "For $7500 the Cleveland Indians received $500,000 worth of publicity. I feel pretty sure Mr. Alva Bradley, president of the Indians, will admit this is the cheapest investment he ever made in publicity."

Feller joined the Indians without having played in the minors. He made his Major League debut on July 19, 1936 in a relief appearance against the Washington Senators. A month later on August 23, Feller made his first career start against the St. Louis Browns. Indians manager Steve O'Neill had Denny Galehouse warmed up in the bullpen in case the 17-year old Feller had early troubles, but he struck out all three batters faced in the first inning, and recorded 15 strikeouts to earn his first career win. His strikeout total was the highest for a (starting) pitching debut. Two weeks later, he struck out 17 batters, tying a single-game strikeout record previously set by Dizzy Dean, in a win over the Philadelphia Athletics. He finished the season with a 5–3 record, having appeared in 14 games; he had 47 walks and 76 strikeouts in 62 innings. Feller's fame reached such a level that when he returned to Van Meter for his senior year of high school, the governor of Iowa greeted him. His record-setting rookie year made him "the best-known young person in America, with the possible exception of Shirley Temple." Feller's entrance to the big leagues was later described:

It is difficult to imagine now what a marvel Feller was when he burst upon the scene in 1936, a callow youth of 17. Many athletes are great. Bob Feller was seminal. In the long-ago time, unlike nowadays, it was unheard of for teenagers to succeed in the big top of athletics. Children politely waited their turn in the sunshine. Perhaps in all the world only Sonja Henie had previously excelled at so young an age in any sport that mattered, and, after all, she was but a little girl wearing tights and fur trim, performing dainty figure eights. Feller dressed in the uniform of the major league Cleveland Indians, striking out – fanning! – American demigods ... in the only professional team sport that mattered then in the United States.

— Frank Deford, Sports Illustrated

As the 1937 season began, Feller appeared on the cover of the April 19, 1937 issue of Time magazine. In his first appearance of the season on April 24, Feller suffered an injury to his elbow while throwing a curve ball. He spent April and May healing the arm, and in May graduated from high school; the ceremony aired nationally on NBC Radio. In mid-May, the Indians considered shutting down Feller for the season. "We're not taking any chances on that arm and we're not going to allow him to pitch again until the last trace of soreness has disappeared," said Slapnicka. On May 18 Feller appeared in his first game since April 24 but did not record an out. He did not pitch again until June 22, when he recorded two innings, then returned to normal pitching duties on July 4.

On October 2, 1938, Feller was the starting pitcher against the Detroit Tigers. Detroit's Hank Greenberg was two home runs short of Babe Ruth's then- single-season record of 60 home runs. By the ninth inning, Feller had recorded 16 strikeouts, one fewer than the MLB record in a nine-inning game. He tied the record when he struck out Detroit's Pete Fox and passed it, to set a modern major league record of 18 strikeouts, when he struck out Chet Laabs for the fifth time that day. Greenberg said, "Feller's curve was jumping wickedly and with that and his fastball, he was murder." Feller did not earn a win, however, as the Indians lost, 4–1. "It was one of those days when everything feels perfect, your arm, your coordination, your concentration, everything. There was drama in the air because of Greenberg's attempt to break Ruth's record, and the excitement grew even greater when my strikeouts started to add up," Feller said. For the 1938 season, Feller led all pitchers with 208 walks and 240 strikeouts. In 1939, Feller received his first career Opening Day start against the Tigers after a match against the Browns was rained out. He won the game 5–1, after allowing three hits. On Mother's Day, Feller pitched against the Chicago White Sox with his family in attendance. One pitch was fouled off by Marv Owen into the seats and into the face of Feller's mother. He went on to win the game, while she walked away with seven stitches and a black eye. Feller finished the 1939 season having led the AL in wins (24), complete games (24) and innings pitched (296.2) and led the majors for a second consecutive year in both walks (142) and strikeouts (246). The Bob Feller Bar, a chocolate candy bar, was named after him and sold during the late 1930s.

Opening Day of the 1940 season featured a no-hitter from Feller against the Chicago White Sox. Feller was assisted by Indians second baseman Ray Mack when he made a diving play to record the final out. This is the only no-hitter to be thrown on Opening Day in major league history. He followed his no-hitter with a six-run, three-inning performance in his next start, however, in a game against the Detroit Tigers. Lefty Grove had a no-hitter through seven innings on Opening Day, and said in response to Feller's performance to the Tigers, "I'm not sorry I didn't get a no-hitter. Those things are unlucky." By the end of the season he had a 27–11 record, his win total the best in the majors that season and a career-high for Feller. He accomplished a pitching triple crown for the 1940 season as he led the AL in ERA (2.61), wins (27) and strikeouts (261) (the latter two led the entire majors). Feller also led the majors with 31 complete games and 320.1 innings pitched, and won the Sporting News Player of the Year Award. Feller later assessed his first few years in the majors: "I relied on the catcher too much. It's swell to have a good catcher calling 'em for you, but the pitcher should take responsibility on his own shoulders."

Lew Fonseca was commissioned by the Office of the Commissioner to conduct a test, involving a Harley-Davidson motorcycle and Feller, to see at what speed one of Feller's fastballs could be clocked. The test was conducted in Chicago's Lincoln Park and required Feller to hit a target 12 inches in diameter, 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m) away. The motorcycle passed Feller going 86 miles (138 km) per hour (mph/kph) and with a 10-foot (three-meter) head start but the ball beat the bike to the target by three feet (0.91 m). It was calculated Feller's throw reached 98.6 mph (158.7 kph), 104 mph (167 kph) using updated measuring methods.

Feller again led the majors in wins (25), strikeouts (260), innings pitched (343), and walks (194) for the 1941 season. His six shutouts were an AL-best on the season. That year, Joe DiMaggio talked about Feller's pitching ability, stating "I don't think anyone is ever going to throw a ball faster than he does. And his curveball isn't human." Feller appeared in the May 12, 1941, edition of Life, which said: "... he is unquestionably the idol of several generations of Americans, ranging in age from 7 to 70. They represent of city, town, and village in the land, speak of familiarly as 'Bob,' and talk about him by the hour, with enthusiasm."

Military service (1941–1945)

Robert William Andrew "Bob" Feller
In the U.S. Navy during WWII
Born	(1918-11-03)November 3, 1918 Van Meter, Iowa
Died	December 15, 2010(2010-12-15) (aged 92) Cleveland, Ohio
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1941–1945
Rank	Chief Petty Officer
Unit	USS Alabama
Battles/wars	World War II Atlantic War Pacific War
Other work	Baseball player

The United States entered World War II with the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Feller heard about the bombing while returning from a visit to his terminally ill father at Des Moines to Chicago where he was to sign a new Indians contract. Two days later, Feller volunteered for the United States Navy, becoming the first American professional athlete to enlist. Originally he tried to enlist as a fighter pilot but failed hearing tests. Feller attended basic training at Norfolk Naval Base and served as a physical fitness instructor there. He also pitched in baseball games hosted by the military in order to help sell war bonds. Although he had received a military exemption owing to his father's failing health, he wanted to serve combat missions. "I told them I wanted to ... get into combat; wanted to do something besides standing around handing out balls and bats and making ball fields out of coral reefs," Feller said. Feller was assigned to the USS Alabama; he had hoped to serve on the USS Iowa, but nearly all servicemen from Iowa had requested a place on that ship, and Feller was was not selected.

Shortly before Feller left for combat, his father died. Five days later, in January 1943, he married Virginia Winther whom he met while in Florida for spring training; she was a student at Rollins College. After returning, Feller served as Gun Captain aboard the Alabama and kept his pitching arm in shape by throwing near a gun turret. Feller and the Alabama crew spent most of 1943 in the British Isles along with USS South Dakota, but in August were reassigned to the Pacific Theater of Operations. Feller's first taste of direct combat was at Operation Galvanic in November 1943, and the Alabama also served during Operation Flintlock while primarily being used as an escort battleship in 1944. Feller participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea before his combat duty ended in January 1945; he spent the rest of his time at the Great Lakes Naval Training Station as an instructor.

When the war ended, Feller was discharged on August 22, 1945. Feller was decorated with six campaign ribbons and eight battle stars while serving on missions in both the Pacific and North Atlantic, and he was made an honorary member of the Green Berets. His bunk is marked on the Alabama at Battleship Memorial Park in Mobile, Alabama. Feller is the only Chief Petty Officer in the Baseball Hall of Fame. Feller later estimated that military service cost him at least 100 career wins. Based on his exceptional 1941 and 1946 seasons, it is likely that he would have finished his career with more than 300 wins and perhaps 3,800 strikeouts. The latter would have made Feller the career leader in strikeouts until Steve Carlton and Nolan Ryan during the 1970s. Each year, American Legion Baseball presents the "Bob Feller Pitching Award" to the pitcher "with the most strikeouts in regional and national competition."

Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)

Upon arrival in Cleveland, Feller was honored with a civic luncheon on August 24, 1945, with more than 1,000 people in attendance at the Carter Hotel. Feller said to the crowd: "The real heroes didn't come home." Later that day, the city held a parade and Feller was the starting pitcher in the Indians' game against the Detroit Tigers. Feller pitched a 4-hit game and earned a win in the Indians' 4–2 victory. "I was so tired from all the receptions I didn't know if I could finish the game," Feller said. For the 1945 season, he appeared in nine games and notched a 5–3 record with 59 strikeouts and 2.50 ERA.

Before the 1946 season, Feller signed a $50,000 contract for the year, including a bonus for attendance; he was offered $100,000 by Jorge Pasquel to play in the Mexican League, but declined to leave the States again. Feller recorded his second career no-hitter on April 30, 1946, against the New York Yankees. He allowed five walks and struck out 11 Yankees. "The no-hitter on opening day in Chicago is the one that gets all the attention. But my no-hitter at Yankee Stadium was against a much better team than the White Sox. There was no comparison. I had to pitch to Tommy Henrich, Charlie Keller and Joe DiMaggio in the ninth inning to get the Yankees out," Feller said. At one point during the season (as Feller thought he may be nearing Rube Waddell's AL record for strikeouts), Feller confirmed Waddell's mark with the AL office that the mark was 344 strikeouts, not 349.^[a] In his last appearance of the season on September 29, Feller had five strikeouts against the Detroit Tigers to set the AL single-season strikeout record. (Nolan Ryan's 1973 total of 383 strikeouts surpassed both Feller and Waddell's mark.) During the 1946, he registered career-highs in strikeouts (348), games started (42) and games pitched (48), shutouts (10), complete games (36) and innings pitched (377.1)—all major league bests that season. The strikeout total broke Waddell's record of 344 set in 1949. Feller finished 26–15 with an ERA of 2.18, the latter a career-low. Nearly 20 years later, Feller recalled, "For the 1946 season, though, the Indians were so thin in pitching that Boudreau decided I was to pitch every fourth day, regardless of rainouts, open dates, or anything else."

Feller began 1947 by setting up a barnstorming tour, pitting his own selected team against a Negro league baseball team led by Satchel Paige. Feller's team included Stan Musial and Phil Rizzuto while Paige's included Buck O'Neil and Hilton Smith. They played in 22 games across the United States, and at the conclusion of the tour, each player had made nearly as much as the St. Louis Cardinals made as a team for their 1946 World Series win. Against the St. Louis Browns in Feller's second start of the season, he extended his major league record for one-hitters when he recorded his ninth one-hit game in a shutout win on April 22. In a June 13 game against the Philadelphia Athletics, having already amassed 10 strikeouts through four innings, Feller fell from the mound, which rain had made slippery, and injured his back. "My fastball was never the same after that," Feller said. He ended the season as the AL leader in wins (20) and shutouts (5), and led the majors in strikeouts (196) and innings pitched (299). By the late 1940s, Feller, who had obtained his pilot's license in 1939 at the age of 20, began to fly his Beechcraft Bonanza during home stands from his home in Gates Mills to Burke Lakefront Airport and then utilize a collapsible scooter to get to Municipal Stadium.

World Series champion (1948)

The 1948 Indians had one of their finest seasons but for Feller, the results were mixed. Babe Ruth used Feller's bat for weight support when Ruth appeared for the last time in public at Yankee Stadium in June. Feller was selected to represent the AL All-Stars for the seventh time in his career in the 1948 All-Star Game but declined to play, feeling that his performance did not warrant selection as an All-Star. At one point he went one month without winning a game, and by July 22, his record was 9–12. The player-manager Lou Boudreau stated "we sink or swim with Feller", and continued to pick him, and Feller went 10–3 in the remainder of the season. He finished the regular season with a record of 19–15, a league-leading 164 strikeouts and a 3.56 ERA. The Indians won a one-game playoff against the Boston Red Sox to determine the team to represent the AL in the World Series; it was the first time the team won the pennant since the 1920 season.

Feller started Game One of the 1948 World Series against the NL-champion Boston Braves. In the eighth inning, Feller and Boudreau appeared to have picked off the Braves' Phil Masi's stolen base attempt but umpire Bill Stewart ruled he was safe. Masi scored the only runs of the on a Braves single; despite surrendering just two hits on 85 pitches for the game, Feller and the Indians lost 1–0. Later, photographs showed that Boudreau had tagged Masi out by two feet. Feller said, "Stewart was the only guy in the park who thought he was safe." Veeck, after looking at the pictures, "They are very interesting pictures, but the game is over." Feller was again named the starter in Game Five and with the Indians up three games to one in the Series, Cleveland fans contributed to the then-largest attendance at a baseball game when 86,288 fans visited Cleveland Stadium. The Braves put up three runs in the top of the first inning. The Indians came back to tie the game and take the lead 5–4 after the fourth inning but the Braves tied it in the fifth inning. By the seventh inning the Braves took the lead for good and Feller was pulled before the inning was over. He finished having allowed eight hits and seven earned runs. Lemon won Game Six and gave the Indians their second World Series championship. After the Indians returned to Cleveland and were given a victory parade, Feller said, "This is as good as being President."

Later years (1949–1956)

Feller c. 1953

After taking a pay cut to start the 1949 season, Feller pitched on Opening Day against the St. Louis Browns. During the game, he injured his shoulder and missed the rest of April. His performances were mixed in the rest of the season and he finished the year with 15 wins, 14 losses, and a 3.75 ERA. Before the 1950 season, Feller suggested to Indians management he take a pay cut. Indians general manager Hank Greenberg said, "He himself made the suggestion. In fact, he offered to take more than the 25 per cent maximum pay cut allowed. There was absolutely nothing to it. We all agreed quickly on the figure after Bob showed up yesterday." In a win over the Detroit Tigers in the second game of a doubleheader, Feller became the 53rd pitcher to win 200 games. Throughout the year, players noted that his velocity had returned, and, winning games with finesse rather than power, he was again effective. He finished the year with 16 wins and a 3.43 ERA.

On July 1, 1951, Feller recorded his third career no-hitter against the Detroit Tigers. "I was depending on my slider and I didn't begin to think of a no-hitter until about the seventh inning. I tried to keep it in the back of my mind, bearing down and concentrating on hitter at a time," Feller said. Feller was the third pitcher, after Larry Corcoran and Cy Young, to record three career no-hitters. He became the first pitcher of the 1951 season to reach 20 wins after he pitched a shutout against the Washington Senators on August 21. Along with Early Wynn and Mike Garcia, Feller reached the 20-win mark during the season; they were the first trio of pitchers on the same staff to earn 20 wins since 1931. Feller was named the Sporting News Pitcher of the Year.

Feller started the 1952 season with three wins in his first five starts; one of the losses was an April 23rd one-hitter against Bob Cain, who also allowed only one hit. After this, Feller struggled for the rest of the season. After an argument with an umpire over a strike call in late August, manager Al Lopez shut Feller down for the season. He finished the season with a 9–13 record, a 4.74 ERA, and a rating of -3.1 in wins above replacement, worst in the major leagues. He improved the following year, winning 10 games and losing 7 in 25 starts thanks to Lopez giving him extra days of rest between appearances. The Indians won 111 regular season games during 1954, beating an AL record previously held by the 1927 New York Yankees. The 35-year old Feller went 13–3 on the year, earning his 250th pitching victory in a May 23 win and his 2,500th career strikeout in a win on June 12.

The Indians played against the New York Giants in the 1954 World Series, but unlike the 1948 Series, Feller did not make an appearance. The Indians, who had won the 1948 Series despite an 0–2 record from Feller, were swept in four games by the Giants. Indians manager Al Lopez said of not starting Feller, "I know Feller wanted to start one of the games in the 1954 World Series (when the Indians were swept by the New York Giants), though we never really talked about it...If we had won the first or second game in New York, I was going to start Feller in Cleveland in the fourth game. But when we didn't (win either game in New York), why in the hell was I going to pitch Feller? He was the fifth starter on the club at that time, and wasn't the Feller he'd been (earlier in his career)." In 1955, Feller spent part of the season as a starter, then was moved to the bullpen later in the season. He won and lost four games each in 25 games, 11 of them starts. During the offseason, he became chairman of the Ohio March of Dimes and served as player representative for the American League. He worked with National League representative Robin Roberts throughout the offseason, discussing the possibility of player arbitration and pensions with baseball owners.

In the 1956 season, Feller started four games and appeared in 15 others, and finished with an 0–4 record and career-worst 4.97 ERA. The Indians held "Bob Feller Night" on September 9, and he appeared in his last major league game on September 30. After the season had ended, speculation grew whether Feller, who was also president of the Baseball Players' Association, would retire as a player. In December 1956, Feller told The Plain Dealer: "I will return to Cleveland later this week and plan to confer with Hank Greenberg before Christmas. I hope to reach a decision at that time." Greenberg had also offered Feller his release or a job with the Indians in their front office. Greenberg said, "We sincerely want Feller to remain with us. As far as I'm concerned, there will always be a job waiting for Bob in the Cleveland organization." On December 28 Feller officially retired from the Indians as a player to continue his work selling insurance. Announcing his retirement, Feller said, "I could have gone with a couple other ball clubs, but anything I might have done with them would have taken the edge off the success I have had with the Cleveland club the last 20 years." He continued, "What if I did pitch another year, so what? I would have to come to the decision I am making now, some time."

Bob Feller's number 19 was retired by the Cleveland Indians in 1957.

He spent his entire career of 18 seasons with the Indians, being one of "The Big Four" Indians pitching rotation in the 1950s, along with Bob Lemon, Early Wynn and Mike Garcia. Feller shares the Major League record (with Nolan Ryan) for one-hitters with 12, and was the first pitcher to win 20 or more games before the age of 21. He ended his career with 266 wins, 2,581 strikeouts and 279 complete games, led the AL in strikeouts seven times and bases on balls four times. Feller attributed his stamina and ability to pitch late into games to the manual labor he engaged in as a farm hand. Upon his retirement, Feller held the major league record for most walks in a career (1,764), and holds the 20th century record for most walks in a season (208 in 1938). The Indians retired his jersey number, 19, in 1957.

In 1962, Feller was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, his first year of eligibility, along with Jackie Robinson. The two had traded criticisms at one another on and off over the course of several decades. Both were the first to be elected on their first ballot appearance since the original induction class of 1936. At the time of his induction only Ty Cobb (98.2%), Babe Ruth (95.1%), and Honus Wagner (95.1%) had a higher percentage of ballot votes. After Feller had been admitted to hospice, a reporter released a story recalling an interview with an aged Feller where he brought up Feller and Robinson's occasional dislike for each other. "They overhyped Jackie Robinson. He was a good baserunner. He was a fair hitter. He was an average second baseman. He was not as good a ballplayer as Larry Doby. There were a lot of better black ballplayers than Jackie Robinson," said Feller.

Dispute with Commissioner Chandler

Throughout his career, Feller played exhibition games during the off-season, playing in towns unaccustomed to seeing major league ballplayers. His barnstorming tours often featured other big leaguers and Negro League players, like Satchel Paige, who was also a teammate of Feller's with the Indians. Other players included Stan Musial, Mickey Vernon, and Jeff Heath. During a barnstorming tour in 1945, Feller pitched against Jackie Robinson after he had been signed by the Brooklyn Dodgers. He told a reporter in Los Angeles he believed Robinson was too muscle-bound to succeed against pitching in the major leagues although Robinson recorded two hits off Feller. Players had to notify the Commissioner of Baseball, A.B. "Happy" Chandler, before participating in exhibitions games and were not allowed to begin games before the conclusion of the major-league season. Feller wrote to Chandler, challenging the league's 10-day limit on games that could be played and proposing an increase to 20 days. The Commissioner agreed to Feller's proposal. To minimize travel time, Feller employed airplanes, such as two DC-3's in 1947, to transport players from town to town. Feller's involvement, as well as other major league players, was the subject of meetings between the Commissioner and AL and NL presidents.

In 1947, Feller announced that he would pitch in the Cuban winter league during the off-season, but Commissioner Chandler ruled no major leaguer could play in Cuba during the winter. Feller said he would donate his profits from playing in the Cuban winter league to the American Major League players' pension fund: "I want to prove I'm not going to Cuba for any selfish interest but because there is a principle involved and that is the right of any ball player to work at his chosen profession". Feller also believed it was "grossly unfair" that major leaguers who were U.S. citizens could not play in winter leagues but Latin Americans were permitted. Indians owner and president Bill Veeck said, "I have no comment on Bob's outside activities. I don't know whether they've hurt him or not. But I do know this. The great majority of the people of Cleveland think they've hurt him." Feller's barnstorming business savvy and endorsement details made him one of the wealthiest players of his time but according to Feller, his off-season exhibitions and barnstorming were necessary to pay for increased medical expenses for his family. His first wife developed anemia after giving birth to their second child when she was given the wrong type of blood during transfusions; she subsequently became addicted to the prescribed medication for her condition. It was estimated Feller missed out on over $200,000 in salary when he served in the Navy; he missed more than three major league seasons. Feller's biographer John Sickels suggested:"They were trying to make money, but part of it was also, he felt that the black players weren't necessarily getting a fair chance and that he wanted to sort of showcase it. And seeing those, I think, those exhibition games helped people realize that the Negro League players were just as good as the Major League players."

Legacy

Feller was elected the inaugural president of the Major League Baseball Players' Association in 1956. As president, he appeared before Congress to speak on the length of baseball's reserve clause and was interviewed by Mike Wallace for an episode of The Mike Wallace Interview in 1957. Feller was the first player to get a franchise to agree to a share of game receipts when Feller was the starting pitcher for Indians' games and earliest player to incorporate himself (as Ro-Fel, Inc.). He was also one of the first players to work for the right of a player to enter free agency.

Many baseball historians have speculated that Feller may have won perhaps 350 games with well over 3,000 strikeouts had he not joined the military. Remarking on his duty in the military and subsequent absence from playing in the big leagues, Feller noted "I know in my heart I would have ended up a lot closer to 400 than 300 if I hadn't spent four seasons in the Navy. But don't take that as a complaint. I'm happy I got home in one piece."

There is footage of a Feller fastball being clocked by Army ordnance equipment (used to measure artillery shell velocity) and registering at 98.6 mph (159 kph). However, this took place in the later years of his career and the speed of the ball was measured as it crossed the plate (whereas later methods measure the speed as it leaves the pitcher's hand). With primitive equipment Feller was at one point measured at 105 mph (169 kph). Feller once mentioned that he was clocked at 104 mph (167 kph) at Lincoln Park in Chicago. He also threw the second fastest pitch ever officially recorded, at 107.6 mph (173.2 kph), in a game in 1946 at Griffith Stadium, and was also once clocked at 107.9 mph (173.6 kph). Feller said a 1974 test involving Nolan Ryan would have no such restriction and as columnist Milton Richman wrote, Feller said "Sandy Koufax had the best live fast ball he ever saw." Feller wrote "If someone were to ask me who the fastest pitcher in the history of the game was, I'd say Walter Johnson, but he was never clocked."

Ted Williams said, "Three days before he pitched I would start thinking about Robert Feller, Bob Feller. I'd sit in my room thinking about him all the time. God I loved it ... Allie Reynolds of the Yankees was tough, and I might think about him for 24 hours before a game, but Robert Feller: I'd think about him for three days."

Later life

Feller in March 2009

Feller and his wife, Virginia Winther, had three sons, Steve (b. 1945), Martin (b. 1947), and Bruce (b. 1950). The couple divorced in 1971; from the divorce settlement, Virginia received the house she and Feller had built. Virginia died on May 6, 1981 in her home in Shaker Heights, Ohio. In retirement, Feller lived with his second wife, Anne Feller, in Gates Mills, a suburb of Cleveland.

In June 2009, at the age of 90, Feller was one of the starting pitchers at the inaugural Baseball Hall of Fame Classic, which replaced the Hall of Fame Game at Cooperstown, New York. Feller was treated for leukemia in August 2010. By October, Feller was fitted with a pacemaker and was diagnosed with pneumonia and thrush, an infection of the mucus membrane lining the mouth and throat. He was transferred on December 8 from the Cleveland Clinic to hospice care. On December 15, Feller died of complications from leukemia at 92.

Of Feller's death, Mike Hegan, Indians broadcaster and son of former Feller teammate and battery mate Jim Hegan, stated, "The Indians of the 40's and 50's were the face of the city of Cleveland and Bob was the face of the Indians. But, Bob transcended more than that era. In this day of free agency and switching teams, Bob Feller remained loyal to the city and the team for over 70-years. You will likely not see that kind of mutual loyalty and admiration ever again." In 2010, the "Cleveland Indians Man of the Year Award" was renamed the "Bob Feller Man of the Year Award".

On Opening Day of the 2011 season, the Indians invited Feller's widow, Anne, to present a silent first pitch. During pregame introductions, Cleveland players wore a No. 19-jersey in honor of Feller. For the entire 2011 season the players' uniforms were outfitted with an outline of Feller's pitching motion. The organization also made a permanent memorial of the press-box seat that Feller used in later life.

Museum

The Bob Feller Museum opened in Van Meter, Iowa, on June 10, 1995. Designed by Feller's son Stephen, on land donated by Brenton Banks, the museum has two rooms that contain Feller memorabilia and items from his own collection. The Feller bat used by Babe Ruth when he made his last public appearance at Yankee Stadium is at the museum. Feller said a teammate had stolen the bat and eventually it was purchased by the sports card company Upper Deck for $107,000. Feller later offered the company $95,000 in return for the bat.

See also

• List of Major League Baseball pitchers with 200 career wins
• Triple Crown
• List of Major League Baseball ERA champions
• List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions
• List of Major League Baseball wins champions
• List of pitchers who have struck out 18 or more batters in a nine-inning MLB game
• Top 100 strikeout pitchers of all time
• Major League Baseball titles leaders
• List of Major League Baseball no-hitters
• DHL Hometown Heroes

Footnotes

• ^a Baseball-Reference.com lists Waddell with 349 strikeouts during the 1904 season.

Further reading

• Feller, Bob (2007). Hello, Slider!. Mascot Books. ISBN 1-932888-88-8.
• Feller, Bob (2002). Now Pitching, Bob Feller. Citadel Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-8065-2362-0. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
• Feller, Bob (2001). Bob Feller's Little Black Book of Baseball Wisdom. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-8092-9843-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
• Kalb, Elliott (2005). Who's Better, Who's Best in Baseball?. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 416. ISBN 978-0-07-144538-2.
• Sickels, John (2004). Bob Feller: Ace of the Greatest Generation. Potomac Books, Inc. p. 336. ISBN 978-1-57488-441-8.
• "For Feller, Navy was easy decision", interviewed by Mary Buckheit on ESPN Page 2

External links

• Career statistics and player information from Baseball Reference, or Fangraphs
• Bob Feller at the Baseball Hall of Fame
• The Bob Feller Museum
• Bob Feller at Find a Grave

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Lefty Gomez Hal Newhouser	American League Strikeout Champion 1938–1941 1946–1948	Succeeded by Hughson & Newsom Virgil Trucks
Preceded by Red Ruffing Hal Newhouser Bob Lemon	American League Wins Champion 1939–1941 1946–1947 (1946 with Hal Newhouser) 1951	Succeeded by Tex Hughson Hal Newhouser Bobby Shantz
Preceded by Lefty Grove	American League Pitching Triple Crown 1940	Succeeded by Hal Newhouser
Preceded by Lefty Grove	American League ERA Champion 1940	Succeeded by Thornton Lee
Preceded by Monte Pearson Ed Head Cliff Chambers	No-hitter pitcher April 16, 1940 April 30, 1946 July 1, 1951	Succeeded by Tex Carleton Ewell Blackwell Allie Reynolds