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Help the truth, Czechs insulted

Dear Friends,

I'm involved in a Dispute on Bulgaria's page, when I give as an example the Czech page, the Great Czech Nation is being insulted. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution_noticeboard#Proposed_compromise

(See below)

There can't be compromise when one of the active parties has arguments that remain unchanged, while the other one consists of one man with no arguments apart from "luk odor country Poland czech republic etc." and lack of common sense. Simple as that. ...... - ☣Tourbillon A ? 21:24, 28 July 2012 (UTC)
 

The other side of the dispute wants to remove the historical dates in the formation of Bulgaria and start with the XIX century. Please, help me as these folks may threaten you next. (Ximhua (talk) 21:34, 28 July 2012 (UTC))[reply]

Ximhua, this page in intended for discussions about possible improvements to the article Czech Republic. Also, when reading your post, I have to remind you to read WP:CANVAS and WP:FORUMSHOP. Comments of this kind are highly inappropriate anywhere on Wikipedia. Thanks for your understanding. --Vejvančický (talk | contribs) 08:47, 29 July 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Ok, thank you Vejvančický! Well noted. (Ximhua (talk) 12:43, 29 July 2012 (UTC))[reply]

forced Germanization?

In the introduction there is written that Czechs were subject of forced recatholization and Germanization. However, the latter is doubtful. Look at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanization > 'Among the Bohemian lords who were punished and had their lands expropriated after Frederick's defeat in 1620 were German- and Czech-speaking landowners. Thus, this conflict was feudal in nature, not national. Although the Czech language lost its significance as a written language in the aftermath of the events, it is doubtful that this was intended by the Habsburg rulers, whose aims were of a feudal and religious character'. Hence the term FORCED Germanization may not be appropriate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.176.141.38 (talk) 04:15, 22 September 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Czech people who wanted to make business contracts, communicate with authorities, attend a school or become an official had to speak German, as German was the only official language. So, essentially, any Czech who wanted anything more than work someone's land was forced to learn German. Sounds pretty forced to me; perhaps not by law, but certainly by necessity. 212.67.80.130 (talk) 11:23, 20 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]


It was not feudal in nature, but religious. Czech was the main language of reformation until Luther has introduced these ideas to Germans. The main issue behind the uprising was the refusal of Habsburgs to provide freedom of religion as secured in the Rudolph II. patent of toleration. Both Czech and German Protestant inhabitants of the Czech Crown lands fought the German-Vatican Catholic forces.
  • Before the war, there were many dozens, if not hundreds (only Jihlava had six), of schools providing universal education (i.e. notwithstanding the status or gender) around the country, initially Czech, after Luther also in German - these were all closed and to a small degree replaced by Latin Catholic schools with very limited access.
  • Most importantly, for Protestants there were three options: leave the country, convert or be killed for heresy (burning alive, stoning, etc.). Over 90% of inhabitants were Protestant, the proportion was higher for Czechs and lower for Germans.
  • Vacated estates and houses in cities were filled with Catholic German immigrants.
  • While high education was possible only in Latin (until 1770s), there was no chance of social and economical success without use of German in the country until ca. 1830s (even for fluently Latin speaking Czechs).
If such a process is not a forced one, then I don't know what is. Cimmerian praetor (talk) 13:16, 21 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Presumably one could convert to Catholicism while still knowing Czech and Latin but not German - whether it happened is another question. Would you say today's Czech Republic reflects a process of forced Anglicization? It is pretty much impossible to obtain a certain degree of success without being able to speak English. - filelakeshoe (t / c) 18:37, 21 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Today, English is necessary for success only in fields with direct international connection, and in many areas with international connection other languages will do instead of English, especially German or Russian. It is not like that you have to know English to address state bodies in the Czech Republic, conduct business on national level or read any literature.
I am not disputing that one could convert while knowing only Czech and being willing to repeat Latin mantras in the church (which most of the peasants probably did not understand at all), otherwise there would be no Czech speaking population left. However the whole process was set in the way which would inevitably lead to complete eradication of Czech, if not for the changes in the 1770s-80s. Cimmerian praetor (talk) 19:56, 21 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]

RESPONSE: I would say important is: Was German language FORCED by the law, or was it not? Both languages were official in the Bohemian kingdom, but German language was lingua franca in business and education, the same way as English is in science, business etc today. Are we FORCED to speak English? No, but if you do not speak English, your career in some fields is impossible (you cannot be scientist, for example). The same was might have been with German language in CZ, I would say. Perhaps the only period of state organized FORCE of German language in all Austria (including Hungary) was the period of Josef II in the end of 18th century. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.207.78.5 (talk) 08:08, 3 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

It was FORCED by the fact, that the only official language of the Czech kingdom was made German (especially during the reign of Joseph II, although majority population was still Czech.

Ceplm (talk) 10:19, 4 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

During the Thirty Years' War the „Revised Ordinance of the Land" (1627) declared by the Habsburgs, made German language equal to the Czech language in Bohemian Kingdom and this does not change until the formation of Czechoslovakia. So both languages were official. Jirka.h23 (talk) 17:47, 13 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

First sentence of the second paragraph of the lead section

Virtually every country is divided into "historical territories" and the Czech Republic is no exception here. This internal division is thoroughly elaborated elsewhere in the article. The point of the first sentence of this paragraph is to briefly introduce the beginning of the Czech statehood including the peculiar and extremely important fact that the country was for over a millennium known under a different name in English. Qertis (talk) 09:41, 12 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

This is somewhat troublesome issue, as I have observed so many times on the cs: version. It has an analogy in the Great Britain and England (I have been in Scotland for few months and they would have kill me there if I would make a remark of myself being in England back there). And as the sentence currently reads, it implies that the Moravian part of Czech state, is in the Bohemia or that it had ever in time been. But it never had been part of Bohemia. I think, the sentence might become true, if "Bohemia" is replaced with "Bohemian Kingdom", althought I clearly see that it would undermine your goal (and You have a point there!). We are so unlucky to have such meddlesome country-name-history, I feel like if we are the only European nation not having proper one-word name (If Britain would be acceptable one-word label for UK) and that is highlighted by the the peculiar and extremely important fact you have mentioned.
It even gave birth to some extravagant misconception, as I have witnessed when I had been in Britain few years back. For example in some atlas I had been reading about my country, - in the history section, that it's history started with year 1918 as part of Czechoslovakia - completely missing the link to the Bohemia of the past. And I saw it quit few times in the same style afterwards. (In striking contrast to the history of other European countries in those same sources). The name Bohemia itself, I deem, creates that misconception. So You do have a good point, but nevertheless, umm technically ... to equal Bohemia with Bohemian Kingdom is not right in the same way as Equaling England and Great Britain is wrong.
I myself am from Bohemia not Moravia - just to clarify myself :)), but I understand those sensitivities a little :). Reo + 21:30, 12 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Oh, thanks for your response, I am also flabbergasted seeing those unorthodox renditions of our nation's history. The Czech what-is-the-name-of-my-home malaise actually started in 1918 when some bright mind invented the tongue-twister "Czechoslovakia". It may have appeased Slovaks but it stripped us from our 1000 years old name for good (as it seems now). If it wasn't for the Slovaks the newly independent Czech state would have been without any doubt named Bohemia (Republic of Bohemia). What would be then the most suitable short, one-word name for the Duchy of Bohemia, Kingdom of Bohemia, the Crown of the Bohemian Kingdom (Corona regni Bohemiae) or Republic of Bohemia? What about..hmmm...Bohemia? I am pretty sure no one (even hard core Moravians) would have questioned it now.
As for your comparison, I wouldn't travel that far seeking useful (and, perhaps, much better) parallels. Lets have a look at our southern neighbors. "Austria" used to label the vast Habsburg empire, now its just a tiny alpine republic and back at the dawn of the ages it was even much smaller duchy in what is now Lower Austria (sic!). I am pretty sure that there are some Styrians, Carinthians or Tyroleans who have the same feeling as those rebellious Scots (and Moravians):), but it seems to me that most of them are well accustomed to the fact that they are, next to their regional identities, also Austrians. BTW, Scotland is part of Britain for some 300 years, it used to be a kingdom on its own with its own legal system, language etc. Moravia, on the other hand, is part of the Bohemian/Czech state for some 1000 years and while being distinct in many respects (just like any other region) its fully integrated without any serious separatist movement, AFAIK. :) Qertis (talk) 20:59, 24 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]
I've restored the info on historical territories in the lead section per Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section: The lead serves as an introduction to the article and a summary of its most important aspects. You are right, the internal division is elaborated later in the article, however, I consider the fact that CR consists of three historical regions important enough to be mentioned also in the lead section. Please do not revert if you disagree, we can ask for third opinion from uninvolved editors at WP:CZECH or via WP:RfC. I'll notify WP:CZECH about this discussion. Thank you. --Vejvančický (talk | contribs) 10:26, 25 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]


Agree, Moravia was since 11th century a colony of Bohemia, where junior brothers of Bohemian dukes ruled. As the Whales vs England. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.207.78.5 (talk) 08:11, 3 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Contact lenses

I have some observations about the photograph of the contact lenses in the "Science" section.

1. The caption of the contact lenses photograph states: "The modern contact lens was invented by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím." While this may be true, according to the cited source: "Dr. Wichterle's work later resulted in the introduction of the first commercially available soft contact lenses by Bausch & Lomb in 1971." It doesn't say that those lenses are the basis for all the currently available lenses, though this is obviously an important step along the way, maybe even a milestone, in the history of soft lenses. The source also presents a time-line that states: "1956 Czech chemist Otto Wichterle begins making contact lenses with a soft, water-absorbing plastic he helped create." He is not credited with "inventing the modern contact lens", but is one scientist, along with Lim, in a decades-long string of scientists who developed various lenses utilizing various processes and materials.

2. The photograph's title is "contact lenses Confortissimo". I imagine that means "soft contact lenses" in Italian or is perhaps a brand name. There's no mention of Wichterle and Lim in the photo description. The caption applied to it in the Czech Republic article leads one to believe that the Czech scientists had some direct hand in these particular lenses, but instead, it seems that it's is a generic image of random soft lenses.

Thanks for corrections if these are aggrandized statements or for finding proof of their validity if true. Wordreader (talk) 04:23, 30 November 2012 (UTC)[reply]

prehistoric settlement

I miss the information about paleolithic human settlement in what is now the Czech Republic. At least findings from the upper paleolithic (late stone age) are important and should be mentioned. Check http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Paleolithic. The oldest known ceramic in the world is from Dolni Vestonice (Venus of Dolni Vestonice, ca 29000 BCE), one of the oldest textile is from that area too. One of the prehistoric European cultures (Pavlovian, contemporary with Aurignacian) is named after archeological site Pavlov in the Czech Republic, and is ca 20000 BCE. The opening of the chapter History, Prehistory: 'Archaeologists have found evidence of prehistoric human settlements in the area, dating back to the Neolithic era.' is incorrect in that evidence for much older human settlements has been found!!! 90.176.141.38 (talk) 16:53, 26 December 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Marijuana for medical purposes

Croatian writer Giancarlo Kravar: Czech parliament has approved marijuana as a legitimate means of treating people suffering from some serious illness and needed just a signature president to decree entered into force, according to AFP. With that decision provided that the marijuana prescribed prescription able to treat people with cancer, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Marijuana for medical purposes will be initially imported from Israel or the Netherlands, and the latter will be given license to domestic farmers for cultivation.78.2.127.231 (talk) 12:06, 3 February 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Czech King & Czech Kingdom

Sorry to disturb you but could someone please explain to me what was "Czech King"? I thought that the Czech state comprises of former Kingdom of Bohemia, Margraviate of Moravia, and Duchy of Silesia; and that most of the Kings of Bohemia ruled also over Moravia because they were also Margarves of Moravia at the same time, not because they were "Czech Kings", including "Czech King" Charles I (Charles IV as King of the Holy Roman Empire, later Emperor) which was Margave of Moravia before he become "Czech King". Thanks... --Millenium187 (talk) 08:11, 3 March 2013 (UTC)[reply]

And I have one more question, if I may, which German states exactly were part of this Czech state in middle ages and early modern era? I was wondering, if "Czech King" Charles IV was also the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire then maybe the entire HRE (≈Germany) was the Czech state, why should we limit it only to Bohemia, Moravia, and a part of Silesia??? (BTW, I have no intention of starting a flame war, I am just asking.) --Millenium187 (talk) 08:11, 3 March 2013 (UTC)[reply]

HRE was not a state but an union of territories, Kingdoms and Duchies. Jirka.h23 (talk) 18:02, 13 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]
It is a semantic issue. While many historical sources refer to the kingdom as Bohemian one (as opposed to Bohemia proper), following the first mentions of it in the Roman-Latin sources (after early dwellers - Boii), other refer to it after what the people called themselves later on - Češi, Čechy, anglicized Czechs, therefore Czech kingdom.
Indeed, depending on what part of history you are referring to, the Czech kingdom would comprise larger areas, e.g. most of Silesia before the Habsburgs lost it in the 18th century. The latest borders of the Czech kingdom may be seen in any 1918 map of Austria-Hungary; within these borders the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was established (apart from some losses, such as Cieszyn area). Unless specified to other historical period, when talking about Czech kingdom, this is the area that is being referred to. Cimmerian praetor (talk) 18:47, 13 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Heads Up

Just a heads up - CNN and a couple of other media outlets replayed an interview featuring a former CIA agent mistakingly referring to the "Islamic Czech Republic" and how one of the Boston Marathon Bombings suspects was named after the first president of the Czech Islamic Republic. As such there might be some need for a little extra attention in case of vandals or misguided users.

Just an FYI TheSyndromeOfaDown (talk) 19:10, 30 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]

It doesn't seem to have been noticed much outside of Czech news websites comment threads. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.240.91.79 (talk) 21:59, 9 May 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Czech Republic current History!.

I hope this information on the Czech lands is useful to everyone.[edit]

History of the Czech Lands: Oldest chronological order. Červený kopec - Red hill near Brno Beroun – Koněprusy Caves, Beroun district many artifacts found 25km south west of Prague Kůlna cave- Moravian Karst - where a part Neanderthal man's skull, about 120 000 years old, was found Mladeč caves - 31000 years old radiocarbon dating in Vienna, proves to be the oldest cranial, dental and post cranial assemblage of early modern humans in Europe The Venus of Dolni Vestonice dated to 29 000 – 25 000 BP (Gravettian industry). Many other artifacts were also found at Dolni Vestonice. And carbon dated in America see the National Geographic October 1988 Bridgehead at Přerova (Předmostí) is an important archaeological site, especially renowned paleolitickými. Estimated to be 25000 years old. Petřkovická Venus , sometimes called Landecká Venus. Estimated to be 23,000 years old Czech neolithic age 6000-5500 to 4000 BC - Czech farmers came from the "fertile crescent". There culture Liner Pottery The Prague 7 district of Bubeneč - People have been living in the area since at least the 5th millennium BC. Bubence has a burial site from the ancient Corded Ware culture. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 110.32.232.19 (talk) 22:27, 23 January 2013 (UTC) Moravian painted pottery 4700-3700BC Comb Ceramics 2900-2800-2600BC - referred to as Battle Axe culture Corded Ware culture - The grave located in Terronska Street Prague 6. ( Gay Caveman) dated to about 2800 to 2500 BC, so about 4500 years ago. Unetice culture named after Unetice near Prague 2400-1550,1550-1200BC Amber trade route - Romans used to transport amber Veneti extinct,Italians and celts. Celts in Czech lands also referred to as the Hallstatt Civilalzation 750-400/300BC Then the Boii ( Whose name - Boiohaemum has stuck to this day) Then the Celtic La Tene culture. Then the celts where replaced with more primitive Germans. Marcomanni occupied Bohemia led by King Morobudus, Moravia was held by the Quadi under King Tudrus. Morbudus was deposed in the year 19AD. A noteworthy Roman camp located at Musov Ptolemy Code, The orginal map is written in ancient latin example Eburodunum is the City Brno Pre-history =[edit]

The oldest, The first inhabitants of ancient humans of the country,probably people of the type Homo heidelbergensis, appear in Moravia sporadically 1 million years ago. A worked pebble, stone axe blade of more than 800,000 years old have been found at the brickyard on the Červený kopec hill in Brno. Also Beroun-highway (District Beroun) has many ancient artifacts. Middle Paleolithic, the period between 300 000 and 400 000 years ago. Moravia was inhabited mostly in the period of 100 000 – 40 000 years ago when Neanderthals occupied several caves and pitched their camps in the open air. In the Kůlna cave, proofs of their repeated stay during some 80 000 years (120 000 – 40 000) have been found. Mladeč caves is an Aurignacian culture archaeological site with directly dated remains of early modern human dating to about 31,000 radiocarbon years. During Upper Paleolithic (40 000 – 10 000 years ago) an extraordinary culture of mammoth hunters (Pavlovian) emerged in Moravia. It is known especially from Dolní Věstonice, Předmostí, Pavlov, Petřkovice and it is famous for its unique works of art. The oldest known carbon dated grave of a female Shaman in the world is located at Dolni Vestonice 26000+ years old. And a mammoth statuette from Předmostí. In the period of Middle Paleolithic (250 thousand. - 40 thousand.) In the territory of the Czech Republic had many Paleolithic cultures, of which he was the bearer of an earlier stage yet Homo erectus, in the later stage in cultures, probably Homo sapiene. The best known deposits of the Middle Palaeolithic cave Arrow, Shed, Předmostí at Přerova. Paleolithic 40 thousand. - 12 thousand. BP is connected to the first documented occurrence of the type of man today (Homo sapiens) in the Czech Republic. The oldest carbon dated records show Mladec caves at 31,0000 years old. While in the transient cultures to interface Middle Paleolithic and young Paleolithic is still considered rather of Neanderthals as its owners in other cultures Pavlovian Gravettian, Epigravettian and is a carrier designed [ [person present type]]. Pavlovienská site in Moravia (u Přerova Předmostí, Lower Věstonice, Pavlov, Petřkovice). Became known thanks to the housing estate and findings Sepulchral which indicate unusually developed hunting company that has probably lived that way of life and was able to fire pottery or weave mats of grass, and was characterized by a sophisticated and diverse artistic expression with symbolic overtones ([[Venus statuette ] ], animal sculptures made of burnt clay, jewelry from shells, mammoth ivory and teeth, decorated with carvings from mammoth ivory tools, etc.), which in addition to evidence of ritual burials suggests theworlds oldest known female shaman at Dolni Vestonice which was carbon dated in American at 27000 yers old. ((Nation Geographic 174 Oct 1988)). Short period at the turn of the Pleistocene u Holocene for it out as Paleolithic (12 thousand. - 10 thousand. BP), in the Czech Republic was based on the findings of the few (which is probably related to the low population density at the time) defined culture epimagdalénien and group curved spikes retouched and ostroměřská group. Mesolithic (8 to 6 one thousand BC)[edit] In terms of research identified very difficult period, not cultural-chronological breakdown settled, sometimes as separate periods ever questioned, respectively. replaced by the term epipaleolithic​​. Finds from this period is very little, considering the influence of climate change on sparse population of small hunting and gathering groups. A major problem is the relationship of people in order to newcomer agricultural community. Neolithic[edit] The Czech territory is represented Neolithic Linear Pottery culture, to which through the followed by Stroked Pottery culture. In Moravia, appeared at the end of the Neolithic Culture of the Moravian Painted Ware. The population at that time mainly fed agriculture (different intensity was complemented by hunting, gathering, fishing). People lived in small villages in the long houses. Already at the end of the Linear Pottery culture appear upland settlement, formed at the end of the Neolithic roundel (building): a large, usually circular monumental building whose purpose lead to numerous discussions. A well-studied sites are Bylany in Kutna Hora, Miskovice, Plotiště nad Labem, Březno u Loun or Těšetice-Kyjovice and Vedrovice in Moravia . Copper Age (4400 - 2000 BC)[edit] Due to the technology changes (discovery wheels, use , use cattle to plow sporadically fields and other related social changes likely, the social division of labour), mark it out late stone Age . In the Czech lands during the times changed or plagued with large quantities Culture Lengyel culture, Funnel Beaker culture, Baden culture, culture globular amphora, culture corded Ware. The well known Corded Ware culture - Includes the grave located in Terronska Street Prague 6 [[Gay Caveman[[ dated to about 2800 to 2500 BC, about 4500 years ago. Bronze Age (2000 - 800 BC)[edit] In essence, the Bronze age smoothly followed the Bronze Age, when just beginning to apply socially significant metal processing. Very likely this led to the creation of groups of specialists (miners, steelworkers, but also traders, etc.) who were socially divided status. From archaeological findings, it is possible to demonstrate significant stratification of society (rich graves), perhaps the emergence of nobility, which was able to assert its power interests (control significant mineral deposits, junctions or market place). Develops long-distance trade. Archaeological findings also allow, especially when compared with the Aegean Area , speculate about the specific content of religious ideas of contemporary society (solar cult). Again, the Czech identified the large number of cultures: Únětice culture, Nitranská group, culture Chłopice-Happy, věteřovská culture, mohylových complex cultures ( českofalcká, středodunajská), Lusatian Urnfield culture, culture Knovíz and štítarská, [[milavečská culture] ], nynická group, Velatice and Podoli culture.

Iron Age - Hallstatt (800-450 BC)

For this period was, as its name suggests, the typical widespread use iron, in connection with it, the Central Europe a closer contacts with the Mediterranean areas . And with a company that got them on the level of chieftain ship military , respectively. sometimes it was discussed hypothetically tribal principalities. In contrast to the culturally fragmented Bronze Age. Hallstatt period was culturally united. The Hallstatt culture in the Czech Republic: Hallstatt culture, bylanská culture in Bohemia, linen culture on the north and Horákov culture in southern Moravia. Famous site of extraordinary importance of this time is Bull Rock - caves in the Moravian Karst near Adam. Younger Iron Age - crates (450-50 BC)[edit] Distribution of Celts in Europe (blue: 1500 to 1000 BC, in pink: 400 BC)]] The Czech territory, perhaps already in the 2nd off the mid-5 century BC got Celtic, the first ethic Race of people here, whose name is known from written sources. Only in the 4 century BC occupied all the usable agricultural area (linked to the new wave of arrivals from about Elbe and upper Rhine or northwest France). Name tribe principal established in Bohemia Boii gave the country the name Boiohaemum. Moravia in the first wave in 5 century came Volková-Tektoságové, who probably occupied only the southern part of Moravia, in the 1st mid-4 century, the expected arrival of another wave of the Danube. The Central European culture Celtic is referred to as La Tene culture . In the periphery (eastern and north eastern Moravia) survived and origin Slovak Púchovská culture. Time == Roman (50 BC - 350/380 AD) == The Ptolemy Code written in ancient latin shows Eburodunum as the City Brno, And Prague as Casurgis At he time when the Czech territory remained mostly Germanic tribes. They began to penetrate and mix with Celtic with people in the second to mid-1 century BC, the Plaňanská horizon. In northern Bohemia, at that time still remained culturally mixed kobylská group. Shortly before the turn of the era their settled the Marcomanni, after migration period the remnants remained here until about the beginning of the 5 century. From the 2 century onwards from the north they penetrated Przeworski culture (Moravia about this evidence since the beginning of the Roman period) in the 1st mid-3 century came to Bohemia new population of the Elbe. These new groups are in the 2nd mid-3 century spread to Moravia (Kostelec group). At the same time in South Moravia long researched sites that testify about the effects of Roman units in the [Marcomanni wars]] (Mušov) in the Czech Republic, in 2001, the evidence of their presence until Neředín.

Migration time (380/400 - about 568)[edit] At the beginning of 5 century population has decreased dramatically, probably at least part left in 406 with Vandals and Marcomanni | they were thought to have left in the 1st mid-5 century. In the5 century at least in Moravia showed the chaos caused by the Huns invasion under Attila leadership, new people came here from the Danube slavs, probably similar changes occurred in Bohemia, but so far it's not enough for evidence. In southern Moravia, perhaps by some archaeologists settled Heruli East German Slav, who stayed until the beginning of the 6 century, where they were defeated by the Lombards. In the Czech Republic in the 1st third 5 century pushed Vinařická group, considering also the presence of Hun nobility in Moravia(grave with horse harness). At the end of the 5th century upstream Elbe into Bohemia arrived the Lombards they temporarily settled here, but sometimes in the 1st mid-6 century moved to the Danube, and in 568 to Italy. The beginnings of Slavic settlement[edit] In Moravia, Silesia and Bohemia, the first Slavs appeared probably in the second mid-6 century. The first wave of Slavs (pottery culture Prague type) face via Lesser to Moravia and later along the so called Trstenice trails into Bohemia. In the first half of the 7 century perhaps the second wave could come from the Danube. At that time, this area housed the only remnants of the previous inhabitants of Germanic (Lombards and Durynků). Lombards some Celtic tribes and other barbarians. But before the arrival of the Slavs they went to the Danube, and after a short stay in northern Italy, Durynkové went to the Bavaria , and perhaps contributed to the ethnogenesis Bavarians.

The questions I am still waiting to answered are: Why has no Avar, grave or a single artifact ever been found on Bohemian soil in over 1500 years. No evidence hey! 2. Where is the German DNA project to prove they do not have Slavic blood?. Or is it best just look at the whole thing as a point of view of linguistics ?. http://www.sachsen.de/en/276.htm Please read the links below there is a lot of information: Literature Jaroslav Panek Olfdrich Tuma Et Alh: "A HISTORY OF THE CZECH LANDS" [From the Neolithic age to the present day. (637 Pages)], 1009 ISBN 978-80-246-1645-2

Casurgis from Australia

Czech history 2013 update

http://geolib.geology.cz/cgi-bin/gw?ST=03&SID=0039F9ACDA&L=02&KDE=037&RET=Raman+spectroscopic+provenance+determination+of+garnets+from+the+scramasaxe+scabbard+%28The+treasure+of+Barbarian+Prince+from+C%C3%A9zavy%2DBlu%C4%8Dina%2C+Czech+Republic%2C+late+5th+century%29%2E+%5C%5CRIV%2F00023272%3A%5F%5F%5F%5F%5F%2F09%3A%230000893%5C http://templ.net/english/texts-sword_from_blucina.php http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu%C4%8Dina_burial Good day, my written English is not the best. So can someone please update this czech Republic history. This is the only artifact known that dates from Atilla the Hun, and the AVAR period 5th to 8th Century (Blucina Sword note German man). It is located 8km from Brno Moravia. No aritfacts have ever been found on Bohemian soil to my knowledge. But maybe someone should read history more carefully. Because I am far from an expert. But didn't Atilla the Hun and the later Avar's first entered Europe through the Silk road to raid the Roman Empire. Documents at the time were written in Latin and Greek and many citie's and rivers were named. None of these are on todays Czech Republic's Lands. http://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/photo-gallery-ptolemy-s-geography-fotostrecke-59994-2.html , http://www.cs-magazin.com/index.php?a=a2011021048 . The rivers named are the Volga, Rhina, Danube. Also the "Chronicle of Fredegar" "slavic" "Befulci" can mean many things page 149 here: http://www.ffzg.unizg.hr/arheo/ska/tekstovi/fredegar_paul.pdf :https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk/api/datastream?publicationPid=uk-ac-man-scw:1m1955&datastreamId=POST-PEER-REVIEW-PUBLISHERS-DOCUMENT.PDF or even google:define:Benfulci. If anyone can help in updating I will be greatful. Casurgis from Sydney 2013 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 110.33.0.254 (talk) 09:45, 12 August 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Population data in the Administrative section

Dear Editors! Could you please update the table at the Administrative divisions section with the data from 2012 as it is listed in the article List of cities in the Czech Republic? A lot of thanks in advance. --Ksanyi (talk) 14:10, 24 August 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Czechia (again)

There's currently an ongoing edit war on this article regarding mention of the term "Czechia" as a short name for the Czech Republic. Personally, I would prefer mentioning of "Czechia". It isn't so widely used as the "Czech Republic", but it is in use, at least according to English news articles and books - [1] [2]. But I would like to see what do others think and what is the concensus instead of reverts. Thank you for your opinions. --Vejvančický (talk / contribs) 15:20, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

I have no problem with mention it as a short name, because it is really truth. Jirka.h23 (talk) 16:09, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Less than 1% on Google, not even the Czech government uses it much, already mentioned as needed in Etymology section. Mewulwe (talk) 16:57, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Mewulwe, i think you have to stop to be against the word "Czechia". Don't be the same like Yopie who does not live in Bohemia, but in Bohemian Republic. It is a nonsense. Nobody cares of state form. One word name of the Czech Republic is Czechia. The president uses this short name commonly. It is neccesary, because word "Czech" does not mean "Česko".Johnypar (talk) 19:49, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

It is not about what the president uses, but what is commonly used in English. Czechia is not commonly used. Maybe someone can start a Czenlish Wikipedia with article on Czechia. Cimmerian praetor (talk) 21:51, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

So, word "Czech" is commonly used for "Česko" in English. Do you agree? Let's write the sentence "short form Czech...". — Preceding unsigned comment added by Johnypar (talk • contribs) 10:12, 20 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

I would have no problem with a short mention of this term in the intro, but it should not be used for the page title or in running text (aside from discussion of the term itself). --Khajidha (talk) 11:46, 21 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I agree completely with your proposal, Khajidha. --Vejvančický (talk / contribs) 14:18, 21 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]
The fundamental issue is that there is no common short form in English for the Czech Republic; "Czech" and "Czechia" are rarely used.--Mojo Hand (talk) 21:37, 21 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Maybe it should not be bad write up at Etymology that the public today use as a short form word "Czech". I mean it is not rarely used unlike Czechia, but it is grammatically wrong. Someone will indeed remember on the designation "Czech - Spain" at Davis Cup. :-) Johnypar (talk) 18:32, 22 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

  • Problem is, that there is not commonly used short form. "Czech" is incorrect, but used, "Czechia" is maybe correct, but unused. By the way, personal slurs are not good way for consensus.--Yopie (talk) 00:10, 23 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

You confuse "Czechia" (total nonsense) for Bohemia (only a part of the Czech Republic). However, the official form is the Czech Republic.--89.177.42.147 (talk) 15:47, 23 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

I apologize to Yopie, I just do not understand what you have against the word "Česko" in Czech. Otherwise I probably agree with Yopie and Khajidha. I also have to say something to the someone who hides behind 89.177.42.147 and come from the Czech Republic, probably from Prague. The official form is Czech Republic as the official form of France is the French Republic. Or perhaps Portugal, it is also officially the Portuguese Republic. Johnypar (talk) 16:58, 23 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

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