Greater Binanderean languages
Binanderean | |
---|---|
Guhu-Oro | |
Geographic distribution | New Guinea |
Linguistic classification | Binanderean–Goilalan[1]
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Subdivisions |
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Language codes | |
Glottolog | bina1276 |
Map: The Binanderean languages of New Guinea
The Binanderean languages
Trans–New Guinea languages
Other Papuan languages
Austronesian languages
Uninhabited |
The Binanderean languages are a family and part of the Trans–New Guinea languages (TNG) family in the classifications of Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005). They are found along the northeast coast of the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea, and appear to be a recent expansion from the north. The Binandere family proper is clearly valid; Ross added the Guhu-Semane isolate based on pronominal evidence, and this has been confirmed by Smallhorn (2011). Proto-Binanderean has been reconstructed in Smallhorn (2011). There is evidence that settlements of people speaking Oceanic languages along the Binanderean coast were gradually absorbed into inland communities speaking Binanderean languages (Bradshaw 2017).
Classification
Smallhorn (2011:444) provides the following classification for Greater Binanderean. Individual languages are given in italics.
- Greater Binanderean
According to Smallhorn (2011), there are two linkages, namely Central Binanderean and Nuclear Binanderean. Ross (2005) reconstructs both independent pronouns and verbal person prefixes:
sg. PN prefix 1 *na *a- 2 *ni *i- 3 *nu *u-
Only 1sg continues the TNG set.
Demographics
Smallhorn (2011:3) provides population figures for the following Binanderean languages.
- Guhu-Samane: 12,800
- Suena: 3,000
- Yekora: 1,000
- Zia: 3,000
- Mawae: 943
- Binandere: 7,000 (including Ambasi)
- Aeka: 3,400
- Orokaiva: 24,000
- Hunjara: 8,770
- Notu: 12,900 (including Yega)
- Gaena: 1,410
- Baruga: 2,230
- Doghoro: 270
- Korafe: 3,630
- Total
- about 80,000
References
- Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
- Smallhorn, Jacinta Mary (2011). The Binanderean languages of Papua New Guinea: reconstruction and subgrouping. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
- Bradshaw, Joel (2017). Evidence of contact between Binanderean and Oceanic languages. Oceanic Linguistics 56:395–414.
External links
- Doregari Kotopu Anglican Holy Communion in Binandere, digitized by Richard Mammana and Charles Wohlers
- Benunu tepo ae sakrament da kandoari ae ekalesia da jimbo nenei ainda book England da ekalesia da jimbo ango (1959) Book of Common Prayer digitized by Richard Mammana
- King, Copland. 1927. Grammar and Dictionary of the Binandere Language, Mamba River, North Division, Papua. Sydney: D.S. Ford. [1]