Tornado outbreak of October 20–22, 2019
| Type | Tornado outbreak |
|---|---|
| Duration | October 20, 2019 - October 22, 2019 |
| Highest winds |
|
| Tornadoes confirmed | 36 |
| Max. rating1 | EF3 tornado |
| Duration of tornado outbreak2 | 24 hours |
| Largest hail | 2.75 in (70 mm) (Milburn and Prague, Oklahoma) |
| Areas affected | South Central United States, Southeastern United States |
| 1Most severe tornado damage; see Enhanced Fujita scale 2Time from first tornado to last tornado Part of the tornado outbreaks of 2019 | |
Meteorological synopsis
The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) first delineated a severe weather risk area, valid for October 20, across portions of northern Texas, eastern Oklahoma, and adjacent portions of Kansas, Missouri, and Arkansas four days prior.[1] On October 18, the SPC introduced a broad Marginal risk for much of the same areas.[2] The next day, a Slight risk was raised across northern Texas, southeastern Oklahoma, and western Arkansas.[3] This risk area was expanded substantially on the morning of October 20, and an Enhanced risk was introduced across the areas the smaller Slight risk previously encompassed.[4] At the synoptic level, an upper-level trough was expected to amplify as it progressed into the U.S. Plains. Strengthening wind shear throughout the atmosphere were expected to overlap with dewpoints in the mid to upper 60s Fahrenheit. Substantial height falls, in conjunction with a rapidly-moving surface low from eastern Oklahoma into Missouri, were expected to contribute to a rapidly destabilizing environment. Vigorous convective development in the form of a quasi-linear convective system was anticipated into the overnight hours. Farther south, high instability and strong directional shear were contradicted by a narrow layer of stable air near the surface in model guidance. The SPC noted that, while such a setup could lead to the development of significant tornadoes, questions remained concerning whether thunderstorms would be discrete or not.[4]
By the late afternoon hours of October 20, thunderstorm coverage began to increase across eastern Oklahoma, focused in advance of a pre-frontal trough.[5] Farther south across the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, a pair of persistent supercells organized within a very favorable environment.[6] At 01:58 UTC, a large and long-tracked tornado began in northwestern Dallas and impacted adjacent cities within northern Dallas County. Numerous homes and businesses were heavily impacted, but one house in particular saw its entire roof ripped off and multiple exterior walls collapsed. This degree of damage was consistent with an EF3 tornado, with maximum winds estimated around 140 mph (230 km/h). The tornado caused approximately $1.55 billion (2019 USD) in damage, the fourth costliest tornado on record in the United States.
Confirmed tornadoes
| EFU | EF0 | EF1 | EF2 | EF3 | EF4 | EF5 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 13 | 20 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 36 |
| EF# | Location | County / Parish | State | Start Coord. | Date | Time (UTC) | Path length | Max width | Summary | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EF0 | SW of Beckville | Panola | TX | 32°08′49″N 94°32′39″W / 32.1470°N 94.5443°W | October 20 | 00:36–00:38 | 0.8 mi (1.3 km) | 150 yd (140 m) | Several trees were snapped or uprooted. A home's roof was damaged. | [7] |
| EF1 | SSE of Greenwood | Caddo | LA | 32°22′26″N 93°58′34″W / 32.3738°N 93.976°W | October 20 | 01:42–01:49 | 3.59 mi (5.78 km) | 350 yd (320 m) | A greenhouse was destroyed, shingled were ripped off the roofs of two homes, and an RV trailer was rolled onto its side. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. | [8] |
| EF3 | Dallas | Dallas | TX | 32°52′07″N 96°54′54″W / 32.8685°N 96.9149°W | October 20 | 01:58–02:30 | 15.76 mi (25.36 km) | 1,300 yd (1,200 m) | A large, significant tornado began in northwestern Dallas and moved east-northeast, inflicting significant roof and exterior wall damage to numerous homes and businesses. One home in particular suffered complete roof loss and saw multiple exterior walls collapsed, indicative of a sole EF3 damage point along the tornado's path. Trees were severely damaged as well. The Dallas tornado caused $1.55 billion in damage, one of the costliest tornadoes on record in the United States. Total damage for the Texas tornado event topped $2 billion, the costliest tornado event in state history. | [9] |
| EF1 | N of Midlothian | Ellis | TX | 32°29′53″N 96°59′37″W / 32.4981°N 96.9935°W | October 20 | 02:10–02:15 | 2.83 mi (4.55 km) | 350 yd (320 m) | Several church and retail buildings had their roofs damaged and windows blown out; one structure attached to the church was severely damaged as most of its roof was ripped off and its south-facing wall collapsed. Two buildings saw sheet metal peeled away, while one of the structures had its metal roof purlins bent. Several homes suffered significant roof damage and saw windows blown out; one had its garage door collapsed. Trees were snapped or uprooted. | [10] |
| EF2 | Garland | Dallas | TX | 32°53′51″N 96°40′31″W / 32.8974°N 96.6753°W | October 20 | 02:24–02:30 | 2.48 mi (3.99 km) | 265 yd (242 m) | A wide section of the roof to a Sear's Facility warehouse was peeled off, tearing away the adjacent metal walls and causing some of the interior support columns and beams to bend. An empty 18-wheeler and a van were tipped onto their sides. Nearby, a newly-built warehouse collapsed as its support columns were bent to the ground; debris from this structure caused additional damage to nearby homes. Along the remainder of the tornado path, numerous residences suffered roof damage and many trees were snapped or uprooted. | [11] |
| EF1 | Rowlett | Dallas | TX | 32°55′25″N 96°34′11″W / 32.9237°N 96.5697°W | October 20 | 02:36–02:45 | 6.02 mi (9.69 km) | 500 yd (460 m) | This tornado severely damaged a house near PGBT while damaging several others. It also destroyed several barns and outbuildings. | [12] |
| EF0 | W of Ferris | Ellis | TX | 32°32′00″N 96°39′59″W / 32.5332°N 96.6664°W | October 20 | 02:42–02:44 | 0.18 mi (0.29 km) | 170 yd (160 m) | A silo was damaged and partially collapsed, multiple businesses sustained roof damage, a power pole was downed, and trees were snapped or uprooted. | [13] |
| EF1 | Rockwall | Rockwall | TX | 32°55′52″N 96°29′11″W / 32.9312°N 96.4864°W | October 20 | 02:48–02:54 | 1.96 mi (3.15 km) | 100 yd (91 m) | Several homes suffered significant roof damage. Trees and fences were downed. | [14] |
| EF1 | S of Asher | Pontotoc | OK | 34°55′N 96°55′W / 34.91°N 96.92°W | October 20 | 03:01–03:02 | 0.25 mi (0.40 km) | 150 yd (140 m) | A barn was destroyed, and a few other farm buildings were damaged. | [15] |
| EF1 | ENE of Konawa | Seminole | OK | 34°59′N 96°42′W / 34.98°N 96.70°W | October 20 | 03:12–03:15 | 2.8 mi (4.5 km) | 100 yd (91 m) | Several wooden power poles were snapped, and trees were damaged. | [16] |
| EF0 | N of Kaufman | Kaufman | TX | 32°39′58″N 96°19′27″W / 32.6661°N 96.3241°W | October 20 | 03:27–03:28 | 0.13 mi (0.21 km) | 50 yd (46 m) | A home lost a portion of its metal roofing. A nearby power pole was partially snapped. | [17] |
| EF1 | SE of Elmo | Kaufman | TX | 32°40′15″N 96°08′21″W / 32.6708°N 96.1393°W | October 20 | 03:39–03:41 | 0.53 mi (0.85 km) | 500 yd (460 m) | Sheet metal was ripped from an outbuilding, two power poles were snapped, and a metal barn was severely damaged, with its metal roof almost completely ripped off and its steel trusses severely bent. Several large trees were snapped or damaged. A personal weather station measured a wind gust of 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). | [18] |
| EF0 | N of Wills Point | Van Zandt | TX | 32°44′07″N 96°00′19″W / 32.7353°N 96.0054°W | October 20 | 03:59–04:04 | 0.63 mi (1.01 km) | 200 yd (180 m) | Multiple roofs sustained damaged. Multiple sheds and carports were overturned and damaged. A few small trees were uprooted and tree branches were broken. | [19] |
| EF1 | E of Coweta | Wagoner | OK | 35°56′37″N 95°33′39″W / 35.9436°N 95.5608°W | October 20 | 04:08–04:15 | 7.2 mi (11.6 km) | 1,100 yd (1,000 m) | A home was damaged, and trees and power poles were toppled. | [20] |
| EF1 | N of Wainwright | Muskogee | OK | 35°38′06″N 95°37′52″W / 35.6351°N 95.6311°W | October 20 | 04:12–04:22 | 8.3 mi (13.4 km) | 400 yd (370 m) | A couple of trees were snapped or uprooted and a power pole was blown down. | [21] |
| EF1 | NW of Scraper | Cherokee | OK | 36°07′08″N 94°57′59″W / 36.1189°N 94.9665°W | October 20 | 04:39–04:43 | 2.9 mi (4.7 km) | 600 yd (550 m) | Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. | [22] |
| EF1 | NW of Watts to SE of Siloam Springs | Adair (OK), Benton (AR) | OK, AR | 36°08′28″N 94°39′52″W / 36.1410°N 94.6644°W | October 21 | 05:00–05:09 | 9.1 mi (14.6 km) | 900 yd (820 m) | Outbuildings were destroyed, homes were damaged, power poles were snapped, and numerous trees were uprooted. | [23][24] |
| EF2 | SE of Siloam Springs | Benton | AR | 36°10′40″N 94°31′52″W / 36.1778°N 94.5310°W | October 21 | 05:08–05:38 | 31.4 mi (50.5 km) | 2,640 yd (2,410 m) | Several hangars at the Siloam Springs Airport were damaged. The roof was blown off a business. Numerous other homes and businesses suffered roof damage, numerous trees were uprooted, and many power poles were downed or snapped by this very large tornado. Outbuildings were destroyed, including a well-built, wood-framed structure that prompted the EF2 rating, and an open-ended metal building sustained severe damage. | [25] |
| EF0 | Northwestern Allen | Collin | TX | 33°07′01″N 96°43′38″W / 33.1169°N 96.7272°W | October 21 | 05:22–05:27 | 4.8 mi (7.7 km) | 500 yd (460 m) | Shingles were ripped off a number of residences, and a number of other homes sustained roof and facade damage. Wood fencing and a stone wall was blown down, and large trees were snapped. | [26] |
| EF0 | SSE of Battlefield | Christian, Greene | MO | 37°04′53″N 93°26′50″W / 37.0814°N 93.4471°W | October 21 | 05:57–06:04 | 4.72 mi (7.60 km) | 100 yd (91 m) | Numerous trees were snapped, four metal power poles and power lines were downed, and a home sustained damage to its roof, gutters, and vinyl siding. | [27][28] |
| EF1 | Highlandville | Christian | MO | 36°56′18″N 93°17′04″W / 36.9383°N 93.2845°W | October 21 | 06:03–06:16 | 11.88 mi (19.12 km) | 150 yd (140 m) | This tornado uprooted or snapped dozens of trees. | [29] |
| EF0 | Southeastern Springfield | Greene | MO | 37°08′55″N 93°13′21″W / 37.1486°N 93.2225°W | October 21 | 06:11–06:15 | 1.41 mi (2.27 km) | 20 yd (18 m) | Large tree limbs were snapped, a few street signs were bent, and an aluminum fence was damaged. A home suffered minor roof damage too. | [30] |
| EF1 | Southeast of Rogersville | Christian, Webster | MO | 37°03′26″N 93°04′09″W / 37.0573°N 93.0693°W | October 21 | 06:18–06:28 | 6.29 mi (10.12 km) | 250 yd (230 m) | Along the path numerous trees were uprooted or broken along with numerous outbuildings damaged or destroyed. | [31][32] |
| EF1 | W of Gentryville | Douglas | MO | 36°51′11″N 92°26′20″W / 36.853°N 92.4388°W | October 21 | 07:06–07:21 | 16.32 mi (26.26 km) | 450 yd (410 m) | Hundreds or thousands of trees were snapped or destroyed. One outbuilding was destroyed and several others were damaged. | [33] |
| EF1 | NW of Sycamore to NE of Dora | Ozark, Douglas | MO | 36°44′47″N 92°18′39″W / 36.7464°N 92.3107°W | October 21 | 07:13–07:25 | 12.94 mi (20.82 km) | 450 yd (410 m) | Numerous outbuildings and trees were heavily damaged. Two mobile homes were also damaged, including one that lost its roof and was pulled off its foundation. | [34][35] |
| EF0 | WSW of Willow Springs | Howell | MO | 36°58′17″N 92°03′09″W / 36.9715°N 92.0525°W | October 21 | 07:30–07:31 | 0.11 mi (0.18 km) | 50 yd (46 m) | Several trees were snapped or uprooted. | [36] |
| EF1 | WNW of Licking | Texas | MO | 37°30′06″N 91°53′23″W / 37.5017°N 91.8896°W | October 21 | 07:46–07:50 | 1.11 mi (1.79 km) | 450 yd (410 m) | Dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted. Several homes and outbuildings sustained minor damage. A mobile home was overturned. | [37] |
| EF1 | SSW of Douglassville | Cass | TX | 33°06′14″N 94°29′55″W / 33.1039°N 94.4987°W | October 21 | 08:08–08:21 | 9.09 mi (14.63 km) | 150 yd (140 m) | The roof was tore off a very small shed, and some tin roofing material from an unknown location was wrapped around some trees. Otherwise, the remainder of the damage was to trees. | [38] |
| EF1 | S of Taylor | Lafayette, Columbia | AR | 33°01′34″N 93°29′42″W / 33.0262°N 93.495°W | October 21 | 09:21–09:28 | 5.34 mi (8.59 km) | 300 yd (270 m) | The roof and siding was partially removed from an outbuilding. The roofs of two homes were partially removed. A few trees were snapped. | [39][40] |
| EF1 | Tyronza | Poinsett | AR | 35°28′58″N 90°21′52″W / 35.4827°N 90.3644°W | October 21 | 10:50–10:53 | 1.11 mi (1.79 km) | 125 yd (114 m) | Several outbuildings were destroyed, a convenience store and an elementary school were damaged, and numerous trees were toppled. Three people were injured. | [41] |
| EF0 | NW of Munford | Tipton (TN), Mississippi (AR) | TN, AR | 35°30′34″N 89°58′39″W / 35.5095°N 89.9776°W | October 21 | 11:20–11:30 | 7.59 mi (12.21 km) | 200 yd (180 m) | Several outbuildings were destroyed, a convenience store and an elementary school were damaged, and numerous trees were toppled. Three people were injured. | [42][43] [44] |
| EF1 | Memphis | Shelby | TN | 35°02′43″N 89°59′02″W / 35.0452°N 89.9839°W | October 21 | 11:34–11:43 | 7.42 mi (11.94 km) | 250 yd (230 m) | Significant roof damage was inflicted to an apartment complex. Numerous trees and business signs were downed. | [45] |
| EF0 | SW of Ripley | Lauderdale | TN | 35°40′52″N 89°41′07″W / 35.6811°N 89.6854°W | October 21 | 11:44–11:52 | 7.31 mi (11.76 km) | 200 yd (180 m) | Trees were snapped or uprooted. One home sustained minor roof damage. | [46] |
| EF0 | Geismar | Ascension | LA | 30°13′10″N 91°02′01″W / 30.2194°N 91.0336°W | October 21 | 18:00–18:01 | 0.06 mi (0.097 km) | 15 yd (14 m) | Roofing material was blown off a small warehouse building and tossed 50 yd (46 m). The flying debris also inflicted further damage to a larger warehouse building that also saw some its sheet metal ripped from its outside walls. One person was injured by flying debris. | [47] |
| EF0 | E of Cornelius | Cabarrus | NC | 35°28′52″N 80°46′12″W / 35.481°N 80.77°W | October 22 | 16:57–16:59 | 0.26 mi (0.42 km) | 50 yd (46 m) | Multiple trees were snapped or uprooted. Some beehives were overturned. | [48] |
| EF0 | NE of Vanceboro | Craven | NC | 35°21′03″N 77°07′33″W / 35.3508°N 77.1258°W | October 22 | 23:43–23:44 | 0.04 mi (0.064 km) | 40 yd (37 m) | Several trees were snapped or uprooted. A home suffered very minor roof damage and porch furniture was blown around. | [49] |
Dallas EF-3 Tornado
On the night of October 20, 2019, at 7:58 pm, a tornado touched down near State Highway 348 and Luna Road in northwest Dallas, Texas that would eventually strengthen to an EF-3 was on the ground for thirty-two minutes, had possible wind speeds of up to 140 mph, created a path 15 miles long and three quarters of a mile wide that tracked from northwest Dallas to Richardson. The worst of the damage was in densly populated areas in Dallas. It collapsed buildings, tore off roofs and downed many trees. A Home Depot near Forest Lane and Central Expressway took a direct hit, and was heavily damaged. The roof and some exterior walls of the Home Depot store collapsed, but a building next to it was untouched. The tornado lifted at 8:30 pm, east of Arapaho and Jupiter roads in Richardson. It was the strongest twister to hit that area in 40 years, since May 26, 1976, and had an estimated damage cost of $1.55 billion. [50]
At daybreak, rescue workers in Texas searched through rubble to find survivors. As of 8:00 AM on the Monday of October 21, 2019, 242,000 people were without power. According to The Weather Channel, "The Dallas Independent School District canceled Monday classes at six schools: David G. Burnet Elementary School, Leonides Gonzalez Cigarroa Elementary School, John J. Pershing Elementary School, Walnut Hill Elementary School, Edward H. Cary Middle School and Thomas Jefferson High School. The Episcopal School of Dallas also canceled classes. The schools are all in northwest Dallas. Schools were also closed in Garland, Grand Prairie, Midlothian and Richardson."[51] Many roads into Dallas were closed due to fallen trees and power lines. The tornado passed very close to the home of former President George. W. Bush, but no damage was done to the house.[52]
See also
Notes
- ^ All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.
References
- ^ Elizabeth Leitman (October 16, 2019). "Day 4-8 Severe Weather Outlook Issued on Oct 16, 2019". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Brynn Kerr (October 18, 2019). "Oct 18, 2019 0730 UTC Day 3 Severe Thunderstorm Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Brynn Kerr (October 19, 2019). "Oct 19, 2019 0600 UTC Day 2 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ a b Ryan Jewell; Brian Squitieri (October 20, 2019). "Oct 20, 2019 0600 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Matt Mosier; Jeremy Grams (October 20, 2019). "Mesoscale Discussion 2089". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Matt Mosier (October 20, 2019). "Mesoscale Discussion 2090". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Texas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF3 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF2 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Missouri Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Tennessee Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Arkansas Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Tennessee Event Report: EF1 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Tennessee Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Louisiana Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ North Carolina Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ North Carolina Event Report: EF0 Tornado (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
{{cite report}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ "Monster tornado in North Dallas was a mystery no meteorologist could resist". dallasnews.com. Dallas News. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
weatherwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "The Latest: Bushes home spared by Dallas tornado". APNews. APNews. Retrieved 22 October 2019.