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'''Yanun''' ({{lang-ar|<big>يانون</big>, transliterated: ''Yânûn''}}) is a [[Palestinian territories|Palestinian]] village in the [[Nablus Governorate]] in northern [[West Bank]], located {{convert|12|km|mi|sp=us}} southeast of [[Nablus]], and 3 miles north of [[Aqraba]]. It is divided into two sites, upper and lower Yanun. Upper or northern Yanin is considered illegal by the Israeli authorities, and development is prohibited there. |
'''Yanun''' ({{lang-ar|<big>يانون</big>, transliterated: ''Yânûn''}}) is a [[Palestinian territories|Palestinian]] village in the [[Nablus Governorate]] in northern [[West Bank]], located {{convert|12|km|mi|sp=us}} southeast of [[Nablus]], and 3 miles north of [[Aqraba]]. It is divided into two sites, upper and lower Yanun. Upper or northern Yanin is considered illegal by the Israeli authorities, and development is prohibited there. According to the [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]] (PCBS), the village had a population of 102 in 2007.<ref name="PCBS"/> This was a decrease from 2004 when the PCBS recorded that Yanun had 145 inhabitants..<ref>[http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_pcbs/populati/pop06.aspx Projected Mid -Year Population for Nablus Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006] [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]]</ref> The residents of the village have to travel to [[Beit Furik]] for primary health care.<ref>[http://wwww.reliefweb.int/rw/fullMaps_Sa.nsf/luFullMap/BB0D1D0CC89A371F8525706F00517495/$File/healthinforum_HLT_westbank_opt110205.pdf?OpenElement West Bank Healthcare]</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Yanun the village is distinct from Khirbet Yanun, nearby ruins to the north-east of the village. The Yanun corresponds to the ''Janon'' of [[Eusebius]] and [[Jerome]], a village in Acrabatene east of Neapolis, which, according to [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]], these two [[Church fathers]] confused with the ancient town of [[Janohah]] of [[Naphtali]], which belonged to the [[Tribe of Ephraim]].<ref>[[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]], ''Biblical Researches in Palestine and the adjacent regions: a journal of Travels in the years 1838 and 1852 ,'' Murray, 1856 p.297</ref><ref>Saunders, 1881, p.226.</ref> Yanun's Palestinian farming community has worked its fields for three centuries. They depend on animal husbandry and olive trees for their income.<ref>Hussein Khalidi, 'Yanoun,' in Josie Sandercock (ed.) ''Peace Under Fire: Israel/Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement,'' Verso, 2004, p.180.</ref> There is a shrine believed to be of the prophet Nun in the eastern section of the village. |
Yanun the village is distinct from Khirbet Yanun, nearby ruins to the north-east of the village. The Yanun corresponds to the ''Janon'' of [[Eusebius]] and [[Jerome]], a village in Acrabatene east of Neapolis, which, according to [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]], these two [[Church fathers]] confused with the ancient town of [[Janohah]] of [[Naphtali]], which belonged to the [[Tribe of Ephraim]].<ref>[[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]], ''Biblical Researches in Palestine and the adjacent regions: a journal of Travels in the years 1838 and 1852 ,'' Murray, 1856 p.297</ref><ref>Saunders, 1881, p.226.</ref> Yanun's Palestinian farming community has worked its fields for three centuries. They depend on animal husbandry and olive trees for their income.<ref>Hussein Khalidi, 'Yanoun,' in Josie Sandercock (ed.) ''Peace Under Fire: Israel/Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement,'' Verso, 2004, p.180.</ref> There is a shrine believed to be of the prophet Nun in the eastern section of the village. |
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In the 19th century, Yanun was settled by [[Bushnak|Bosnian Muslim]] soldiers who were sent to reinforce [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule in [[Palestine]]. They later moved to nearby Nablus and leased their farmlands to villagers from [[Aqraba]] who gradually left their village to settle in Yanun themselves.<ref name=Hass/> [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]] visited Yanun in 1852. He wrote that the village was mostly in ruins and only a few houses were inhabited.<ref>Robinson, 1857, p.297.</ref> |
In the 19th century, Yanun was settled by [[Bushnak|Bosnian Muslim]] soldiers who were sent to reinforce [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule in [[Palestine]]. They later moved to nearby Nablus and leased their farmlands to villagers from [[Aqraba]] who gradually left their village to settle in Yanun themselves.<ref name=Hass/> [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]] visited Yanun in 1852. He wrote that the village was mostly in ruins and only a few houses were inhabited.<ref>Robinson, 1857, p.297.</ref> |
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The civilian population of Yanun, along with [[Bil'in]], Jinba and several other places, in the judgement of scholar and [[Ta'ayush]] peace activist [[David Dean Shulman|David Shulman]], has been subject to practices by Israel that are singularly cruel. Assaults and shootings by settlers at Palestinian farmers and foreign volunteers at olive harvest time took place in 2002.<ref>[[David Dean Shulman]], ''Dark Hope,'' University of Chicago Press, 2007 pp.8, 107-108,181-2.</ref> The recent history of the village has been cited for the theory that after the [[Oslo Accords]], Israel is applying a policy of [[Population transfer|slow transfer]] of Palestinians from villages near Israeli settlements on the West Bank.<ref>Sean McMahon, ''The Discourse of Palestinian-Israeli Relations: Persistent Analytics and Practices,''Routledge, 2010, pp.82-83.</ref>The Spanish Arabist and scholar, Belen Vicens-Saiz, cites what has happened there as an example of [[ethnic cleansing]].<ref>Belén Vicéns,''L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,''Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005 p.132:'El poble de Yanun s'ha convertit en l'exemple més visible de la política de desestructuració econòmica i d'assetjament com a mecanismes de netejà ètnica.'</ref>A spokesman for Itamar Council, in response to queries about the incidents, replied that he was unaware of claims of harassment and that settlers were trying to keep Palestinian villagers away from them. No member of the village has been linked to any attack on settlers.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2345953.stm Palestinians 'forced to abandon village,'] BBC News, 21 October 2002.</ref> |
The civilian population of Yanun, along with [[Bil'in]], Jinba and several other places, in the judgement of scholar and [[Ta'ayush]] peace activist [[David Dean Shulman|David Shulman]], has been subject to practices by Israel that are singularly cruel. Assaults and shootings by settlers at Palestinian farmers and foreign volunteers at olive harvest time took place in 2002.<ref>[[David Dean Shulman]], ''Dark Hope,'' University of Chicago Press, 2007 pp.8, 107-108,181-2.</ref> The recent history of the village has been cited for the theory that after the [[Oslo Accords]], Israel is applying a policy of [[Population transfer|slow transfer]] of Palestinians from villages near Israeli settlements on the West Bank.<ref>Sean McMahon, ''The Discourse of Palestinian-Israeli Relations: Persistent Analytics and Practices,''Routledge, 2010, pp.82-83.</ref>The Spanish Arabist and scholar, Belen Vicens-Saiz, cites what has happened there as an example of [[ethnic cleansing]].<ref>Belén Vicéns,''L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,''Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005 p.132:'El poble de Yanun s'ha convertit en l'exemple més visible de la política de desestructuració econòmica i d'assetjament com a mecanismes de netejà ètnica.'</ref>A spokesman for Itamar Council, in response to queries about the incidents, replied that he was unaware of claims of harassment and that settlers were trying to keep Palestinian villagers away from them. No member of the village has been linked to any attack on settlers.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2345953.stm Palestinians 'forced to abandon village,'] BBC News, 21 October 2002.</ref> |
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The village was temporarily abandoned on October 19, 2002,<ref>Robert Blecher, 'Living on the Edge: The Threat of "Transfer" in Israel and Palestine,' in [[Joel Beinin]], Rebecca L. Stein, (eds.)''The Struggle for Sovereignty: Palestine And Israel, 1993-2005,'' Stanford University Press, 2006 p.191 dates the evacuation to the day before:'Piling their furniture and personal belongings into a truck, the last residents of Yanun abandoned their West Bank village on October 189, 2002. "Our life here is more bitter than hell," said one villager, lamenting years of attacks, recently intensified, from Israeli settlers living nearby. In the past months, rampaging bands had smashed windows, destroyed water tanks, burned the village's electric generator, stolen sheep, beaten villagers, and shot at workers in the fields.'</ref> the first exodus in recent times of a Palestinian community abandoning a village in the wake of attacks by settlers. The last of 25 families relocated to nearby Aqraba of what were reported to be worsening attacks and harassment by residents of the nearby [[Israeli settlement]]of [[Itamar]], including [[Avri Ran]] and his organization, the [[Hilltop Youth]]. Two two aged people stayed behind, refusing to accept the village decision to go.<ref name="H">Lavie, Aviv. [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=282470&co%20ntrassID=2&subContrassID=14&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y Avri Ran has a farm and Jewish followers in the West Bank. But for his Arab neighbors, it's a rule by force] ''[[Ha'aretz]]''. 2003-09-04. |
The village was temporarily abandoned on October 19, 2002,<ref>Robert Blecher, 'Living on the Edge: The Threat of "Transfer" in Israel and Palestine,' in [[Joel Beinin]], Rebecca L. Stein, (eds.)''The Struggle for Sovereignty: Palestine And Israel, 1993-2005,'' Stanford University Press, 2006 p.191 dates the evacuation to the day before:'Piling their furniture and personal belongings into a truck, the last residents of Yanun abandoned their West Bank village on October 189, 2002. "Our life here is more bitter than hell," said one villager, lamenting years of attacks, recently intensified, from Israeli settlers living nearby. In the past months, rampaging bands had smashed windows, destroyed water tanks, burned the village's electric generator, stolen sheep, beaten villagers, and shot at workers in the fields.'</ref> the first exodus in recent times of a Palestinian community abandoning a village in the wake of attacks by settlers. The last of 25 families relocated to nearby Aqraba of what were reported to be worsening attacks and harassment by residents of the nearby [[Israeli settlement]]of [[Itamar]], including [[Avri Ran]] and his organization, the [[Hilltop Youth]]. Two two aged people stayed behind, refusing to accept the village decision to go.<ref name="H">Lavie, Aviv. [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=282470&co%20ntrassID=2&subContrassID=14&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y Avri Ran has a farm and Jewish followers in the West Bank. But for his Arab neighbors, it's a rule by force] ''[[Ha'aretz]]''. 2003-09-04.</ref> The village was re-occupied with the aid of peace activists from Ta'ayush and the [[International Solidarity Movement]], who came and held a round-the-clock presence there for two weeks when the villagers started moving out in response to settler harassment.<ref>[[Tanya Reinhart]], ''The Road Map to Nowhere: Israel/Palestine Since 2003,'' Verso, 2006 p.176</ref> The presence of foreign volunteer witnesses has acted as a brake on settler assaults.<ref>Belén Vicéns,''L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,''p.132</ref> David Nir, an activist of Ta'ayush, was assaulted by Avri Ran in Yanun,<ref name="H"/> as was Amiel Vardi, professor of [[classics]] at [[Hebrew University]], who was shot by a settler there, identified and took him to court. The case was dismissed.<ref>David Shulman, ''Dark Hope,''pp.78, 107-108,181-2.</ref> |
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According to a survey reported by and compiled by Yanun councilor Abdelatif Sobih, Yanun villagers have been subject to repeated assaults on their homes and farms, beatings, shootings, some resulting in death, poisoning and shootings of their sheep flocks; the use of fierce dogs to impede farmer access to their lands; blocking of their access roads; pollution of their water resource; destruction of their electric generator, constructed with a donation from the Economic Development Group; ploughed fields sown with crops or burning them at harvest time; theft of olive trees; shooting at relatives' cars travelling to visit Yanun; and interrogation of teachers at the Yanun elementary school.<ref> [http://www.fmep.org/reports/archive/vol.-12/no.-6/settlers-force-desertion-of-yanun-village ''Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village,''], Settlement Report | Vol. 12 No. 6 | November-December 2002, [[Foundation for Middle East Peace]]</ref><ref>Belén Vicéns,''L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,'' p.132.</ref> |
According to a survey reported by and compiled by Yanun councilor Abdelatif Sobih, Yanun villagers have been subject to repeated assaults on their homes and farms, beatings, shootings, some resulting in death, poisoning and shootings of their sheep flocks; the use of fierce dogs to impede farmer access to their lands; blocking of their access roads; pollution of their water resource; destruction of their electric generator, constructed with a donation from the Economic Development Group; ploughed fields sown with crops or burning them at harvest time; theft of olive trees; shooting at relatives' cars travelling to visit Yanun; and interrogation of teachers at the Yanun elementary school.<ref> [http://www.fmep.org/reports/archive/vol.-12/no.-6/settlers-force-desertion-of-yanun-village ''Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village,''], Settlement Report | Vol. 12 No. 6 | November-December 2002, [[Foundation for Middle East Peace]]</ref><ref>Belén Vicéns,''L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,'' p.132.</ref> |
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Revision as of 17:41, 3 July 2012
Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority municipality Yanun ([يانون, transliterated: Yânûn] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in northern West Bank, located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) southeast of Nablus, and 3 miles north of Aqraba. It is divided into two sites, upper and lower Yanun. Upper or northern Yanin is considered illegal by the Israeli authorities, and development is prohibited there. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 102 in 2007.[1] This was a decrease from 2004 when the PCBS recorded that Yanun had 145 inhabitants..[2] The residents of the village have to travel to Beit Furik for primary health care.[3]
History
Yanun the village is distinct from Khirbet Yanun, nearby ruins to the north-east of the village. The Yanun corresponds to the Janon of Eusebius and Jerome, a village in Acrabatene east of Neapolis, which, according to Edward Robinson, these two Church fathers confused with the ancient town of Janohah of Naphtali, which belonged to the Tribe of Ephraim.[4][5] Yanun's Palestinian farming community has worked its fields for three centuries. They depend on animal husbandry and olive trees for their income.[6] There is a shrine believed to be of the prophet Nun in the eastern section of the village.
In the 19th century, Yanun was settled by Bosnian Muslim soldiers who were sent to reinforce Ottoman rule in Palestine. They later moved to nearby Nablus and leased their farmlands to villagers from Aqraba who gradually left their village to settle in Yanun themselves.[7] Edward Robinson visited Yanun in 1852. He wrote that the village was mostly in ruins and only a few houses were inhabited.[8]
According to a land and population survey by Sami Hadawi in 1945, Yanun had a population of 50 Arabs living in a built-up area of 34 dunams.[9] Today, the village is still leased by the residents of Aqraba and payment for leasing the land could be made in the form of wheat, olive oil or cash. About three-quarters of Yanun's 16,000 dunams of land is still leased.[7]
2002 temporary exodus and aftermath
The civilian population of Yanun, along with Bil'in, Jinba and several other places, in the judgement of scholar and Ta'ayush peace activist David Shulman, has been subject to practices by Israel that are singularly cruel. Assaults and shootings by settlers at Palestinian farmers and foreign volunteers at olive harvest time took place in 2002.[10] The recent history of the village has been cited for the theory that after the Oslo Accords, Israel is applying a policy of slow transfer of Palestinians from villages near Israeli settlements on the West Bank.[11]The Spanish Arabist and scholar, Belen Vicens-Saiz, cites what has happened there as an example of ethnic cleansing.[12]A spokesman for Itamar Council, in response to queries about the incidents, replied that he was unaware of claims of harassment and that settlers were trying to keep Palestinian villagers away from them. No member of the village has been linked to any attack on settlers.[13]
The village was temporarily abandoned on October 19, 2002,[14] the first exodus in recent times of a Palestinian community abandoning a village in the wake of attacks by settlers. The last of 25 families relocated to nearby Aqraba of what were reported to be worsening attacks and harassment by residents of the nearby Israeli settlementof Itamar, including Avri Ran and his organization, the Hilltop Youth. Two two aged people stayed behind, refusing to accept the village decision to go.[15] The village was re-occupied with the aid of peace activists from Ta'ayush and the International Solidarity Movement, who came and held a round-the-clock presence there for two weeks when the villagers started moving out in response to settler harassment.[16] The presence of foreign volunteer witnesses has acted as a brake on settler assaults.[17] David Nir, an activist of Ta'ayush, was assaulted by Avri Ran in Yanun,[15] as was Amiel Vardi, professor of classics at Hebrew University, who was shot by a settler there, identified and took him to court. The case was dismissed.[18]
According to a survey reported by and compiled by Yanun councilor Abdelatif Sobih, Yanun villagers have been subject to repeated assaults on their homes and farms, beatings, shootings, some resulting in death, poisoning and shootings of their sheep flocks; the use of fierce dogs to impede farmer access to their lands; blocking of their access roads; pollution of their water resource; destruction of their electric generator, constructed with a donation from the Economic Development Group; ploughed fields sown with crops or burning them at harvest time; theft of olive trees; shooting at relatives' cars travelling to visit Yanun; and interrogation of teachers at the Yanun elementary school.[19][20]
Environment
Yanun has been described as an 'idyllic village', seen apart from the problems it has suffered in its recent history. Driving in from Aqraba, spectacular views of hillocks full of olive groves meet the eye, while to the right the land falls steeply down into the Jordan Valley.[21] It is surrounded by lush valleys, adorned in spring with anemones and cyclamens, that boast of olive groves and sheep pastures, with a stunning view down the valley looking on Aqraba. The village itself holds the ruins of fortified Ottoman houses and a delapidated castle. On a nearby hill, a ruin known as Nabi Noon, or The Prophet Nun, has been identified as a former synagogue/mosque and is associated with the prophet Joshua.[22]
Photos
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The UN emergency generator in the village of Yanoun -
One of the new power lines installed and paid for by the Kingdom of Belgium's Rural Electrification Project: Northern Area West Bank -
Water tower and watchtower near Yanoun -
Locations of the attacks that have occurred in Yanoun
References
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
PCBSwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Projected Mid -Year Population for Nablus Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
- ^ West Bank Healthcare
- ^ Edward Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine and the adjacent regions: a journal of Travels in the years 1838 and 1852 , Murray, 1856 p.297
- ^ Saunders, 1881, p.226.
- ^ Hussein Khalidi, 'Yanoun,' in Josie Sandercock (ed.) Peace Under Fire: Israel/Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement, Verso, 2004, p.180.
- ^ a b Hass, Amira (2002-10-25). "It's the pits". Original in Haaretz, reprinted by Ta'ayush. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ Robinson, 1857, p.297.
- ^ Hadawi, 1970, p.61.
- ^ David Dean Shulman, Dark Hope, University of Chicago Press, 2007 pp.8, 107-108,181-2.
- ^ Sean McMahon, The Discourse of Palestinian-Israeli Relations: Persistent Analytics and Practices,Routledge, 2010, pp.82-83.
- ^ Belén Vicéns,L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005 p.132:'El poble de Yanun s'ha convertit en l'exemple més visible de la política de desestructuració econòmica i d'assetjament com a mecanismes de netejà ètnica.'
- ^ Palestinians 'forced to abandon village,' BBC News, 21 October 2002.
- ^ Robert Blecher, 'Living on the Edge: The Threat of "Transfer" in Israel and Palestine,' in Joel Beinin, Rebecca L. Stein, (eds.)The Struggle for Sovereignty: Palestine And Israel, 1993-2005, Stanford University Press, 2006 p.191 dates the evacuation to the day before:'Piling their furniture and personal belongings into a truck, the last residents of Yanun abandoned their West Bank village on October 189, 2002. "Our life here is more bitter than hell," said one villager, lamenting years of attacks, recently intensified, from Israeli settlers living nearby. In the past months, rampaging bands had smashed windows, destroyed water tanks, burned the village's electric generator, stolen sheep, beaten villagers, and shot at workers in the fields.'
- ^ a b Lavie, Aviv. Avri Ran has a farm and Jewish followers in the West Bank. But for his Arab neighbors, it's a rule by force Ha'aretz. 2003-09-04.
- ^ Tanya Reinhart, The Road Map to Nowhere: Israel/Palestine Since 2003, Verso, 2006 p.176
- ^ Belén Vicéns,L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira,p.132
- ^ David Shulman, Dark Hope,pp.78, 107-108,181-2.
- ^ Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village,, Settlement Report | Vol. 12 No. 6 | November-December 2002, Foundation for Middle East Peace
- ^ Belén Vicéns,L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira, p.132.
- ^ Anna Baltzer,'Outposts,m Settler Violence, & the Cillage of Yanoun,' in her Witness in Palestine: A Jewish American Woman in the Occupied Territories, Paradigm Publishers, 2007 pp.41ff., p.43.
- ^ Sarah Irving, Palestine,Bradt Travel Guides, 2012 p.229
Bibliography
- Hadawi, Sami (1970), Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine, Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center
- Robinson, Edward (1857), Later biblical researches in Palestine and the adjacent regions: a journal of travels in the year 1852, J. Murray
- Saunders, Trelawney William (1881), An Introduction to the Survey of Western Palestine: Its Waterways, Plains & Highlands, R. Bentley and Son
- Sandercock, Josie (2004), Peace under fire: Israel/Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement, Verso, ISBN 1-84467-007-4, 9781844670079
{{citation}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help)
