1943 in Germany
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| See also: | Other events of 1943 History of Germany • Timeline • Years | ||||
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Events in the year 1943 in Germany.
Incumbents
National level
Head of State
- Adolf Hitler (the Führer) (Nazi Party)
Events
- 18 January — World War II: Soviet officials announce they have broken the Wehrmacht's siege of Leningrad.
- 18 January — The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins.
- 27 January — World War II: 50 bombers mount the first all American air raid against Germany (Wilhelmshaven is the target).
- 29 January — German police arrest alleged necrophiliac Bruno Ludke.
- 29 January - Dr Ernst Kaltenbrunner succeeds the late Reinhard Heydrich as head of the RSHA SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt controlling the Schutzstaffel Gestapo
- 2 February — World War II: In Russia, the Battle of Stalingrad comes to an end with the surrender of the German 6th Army.
- 3 February — World War II: The Four Chaplains of the U.S. Army are drowned, when their ship (Dorchester) is struck by a German torpedo.
- 14 February — World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass: German General Erwin Rommel and his Afrika Korps launch an offensive against Allied defenses in Tunisia.
- 16 February — World War II: The Soviet Union reconquers Kharkov, but is later driven out in the Third Battle of Kharkov
- 18 February — In a speech at the Berlin Sportpalast, German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels declare a "Total War" against the Allies.
- 18 February — The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.
- 22 February — Members of White Rose are executed in Nazi Germany.
- 28 February — Operation Gunnerside: 6 Norwegians led by Joachim Ronneberg successfully attack the heavy water plant Vemork.
- 1 March — Heinz Guderian becomes the Inspector-General of the Armoured Troops for Nazi Germany's Army.
- 13 March — Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
- 16 March - 19 March — World War II: 22 ships from Convoys HX 229/SC 122 and one U-boat are sunk in the largest North Atlantic U-boat wolfpack attack of the war.
- 22 March — World War II: The entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by the German Dirlewanger Brigade in retaliation for an attack of a German convoy by Soviet partisans.
- 26 March - Adolf Hitler writes to Benito Mussolini that Russia is so weakened by the defence of Stalingrad that it cannot possibly be a serious menace.
- 13 April — World War II: Radio Berlin announces the discovery by Wehrmacht of mass graves of Poles killed by Soviets in the Katyn massacre.
- 6 May — World War II: Six U-boats are sunk after sinking 12 ships from Convoy ONS 5, regarded as the turning point in the North Atlantic U-boat war.
- 13 May — World War II: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
- 15 May — The Comintern is dissolved in Moscow.
- 16 May — World War II: Operation Chastise by RAF 617 Sqdn is carried out on German dams.
- 16 May — Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
- 24 May — Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes the chief medical officer of Auschwitz.
- 5 July — World War II: Battle of Kursk – The largest tank battle in history begins.
- 12 July — World War II – Battle of Prokhorovka: The Wehrmacht and the Red Army fight to a draw.
- 24 July — World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night, those of the Americans by day.
- 27 July — World War II: Operation Gomorrah – The continued British bombing of Hamburg, initiates a firestorm. The fire rages through the night into the morning of the 28th, causing the majority of Operation Gomorrah's deaths.
- 3 August — World War II: Operation Gomorrah closes, with an estimated 42,600 killed and 37,000 wounded; much of Hamburg is leveled.
- 23 August — The Battle of Kursk ends with a serious strategic defeat for the German forces.
- 24 August — World War II: – Heinrich Himmler is named Reichminister of the Interior in Germany.
- 29 August — World War II: Germany dissolves the Danish government after it refuses to deal with a wave of strikes and disturbances to the satisfaction of the German authorities (see Occupation of Denmark).
- 8 September — World War II: Frascati bombing raid September 8, 1943: The USAAF bombs the German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone.
- 12 September — World War II: German paratroopers rescue Benito Mussolini from imprisonment, in Operation Eiche.
- 13 October — World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
- 17 October — World War II: The last commerce raider, auxiliary cruiser Michel, was sunk off Japan by United States submarine Tarpon.[1]
- 22 October — World War II: The RAF delivers a highly destructive airstrike on the German industrial and population center of Kassel.
- 15 November — Porajmos: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies and "part-Gypsies" be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps."
- 18 November — World War II: The Royal Air Force opens its bombing campaign against Berlin, with 440 planes causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF loses 9 aircraft and 53 aviators.
- 23 November — The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed.
- 2 December — A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks an American ship with a mustard gas stockpile, causing numerous fatalities; the exact death toll is unresolved, as the bombing raid itself causes hundreds of deaths as well.
- 11 December - United States Army Air Corps raids a U-boat yard at Emden, losing 20 planes but shooting down 138 German fighters.
- 20 December — First flight of a true four-engined version of the troubled He 177A heavy bomber, as the Heinkel He 177 V102 prototype of the Heinkel He 177B series makes its maiden flight with four separate Daimler-Benz DB 603 engines at the Heinkel-Sud factory airfield in Schwechat.[2]
Births
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2011) |
- 24 January - Peter Struck, German politician (died 2012)
- 25 January -
- Dagmar Berghoff, German journalist and television presenter
- Roy Black, German actor and singer (died 1991)
- 22 February - Horst Köhler, German politician, former President of Germany
- 12 April
- Lothar Kobluhn, German footballplayer
- Michael Otto, German entrepreneur
- 26 June — Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 4 July — Konrad "Conny" Bauer, German trombonist
- 25 July — Erika Steinbach, German politician
- 29 July - Michael Holm, German singer
- 27 August - Wolfgang Nordwig, German pole vaulter
- 16 September — Oskar Lafontaine, German politician
- 30 September — Johann Deisenhofer, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 20 October - Madeleine Schickedanz, German entrepreneur
- 28 October - Cornelia Froboess, German actress
- 23 November - Günther Beckstein, German politician
- 8 December — Bodo Tümmler, German Olympic middle-distance runner
Deaths
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2011) |
- 14 February - David Hilbert, German mathematician (born 1862)
- 22 February — Hans Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed by Nazis) (born 1918)
- 22 February — Sophie Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed by Nazis) (born 1921)
- 26 February — Theodor Eicke, German Nazi official (born 1892)
- 31 May — Helmut Kapp, German Gestapo official
- 13 July — Luz Long, German long jump athlete (born 1913)
References
- ^ Muggenthaler, August Karl (1977). German Raiders of World War II. Prentice-Hall. p. 276. ISBN 0-13-354027-8.
- ^ Griehl, Manfred; Dressel, Joachim (1998). Heinkel He 177 - 277 - 274. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. pp. 166–67. ISBN 1-85310-364-0.
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