1970 in science
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The year 1970 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy and space exploration
- February 11 – Japan becomes the fourth country to launch a satellite into orbit.
- March 31 – Explorer I reentry (after 12 years in orbit)
- April 11 – Apollo 13 ill-fated space mission launched
- April 17 – Apollo 13 returns safely to earth
- August 17 – Venera program: Venera 7 is launched. It will later becomes the first spacecraft to successfully transmit data from another planet.
- November 17 – Luna program: The Soviet Union lands Lunokhod 1 on Mare Imbrium (Sea of Rains) on the Moon. This is the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another world and was released by the orbiting Luna 17 spacecraft.
Biology
- Establishment of Parc naturel régional de Camargue in the south of France.
Computer science
- January 1 – Unix time begins at 00:00:00 UTC.
- November 17 – Douglas Engelbart receives a United States patent for the first computer mouse.[1]
- Len Deighton's 1943-set Bomber, published this year in England, is the first novel written on a word processor, the IBM MT/ST.[2]
- Xerox PARC computer laboratory opens in Palo Alto, California.
Earth sciences
- January 4 – 1970 Tonghai earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 Richter magnitude scale occurs in Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, on the Red River fault.
Mathematics
- Conway's Game of Life cellular automaton devised by John Horton Conway.[3]
- Mathematician Kurt Gödel allows circulation of his ontological proof of the existence of God.[4]
Physics
- Prediction of the GIM mechanism, requiring the existence of a charm quark, by Sheldon Glashow, John Iliopoulos and Luciano Maiani.[5]
Psychology
- Henri Tajfel develops his minimal group paradigm, a constituent of social identity theory.
- Studies in Animal and Human Behavior, Volume I is published by Konrad Lorenz.
Awards
- Fields Prize in Mathematics: Alan Baker, Heisuke Hironaka, Sergei Novikov and John Griggs Thompson
- Nobel Prizes
- Turing Award – James H. Wilkinson
Births
Deaths
- January 5 – Max Born (b. 1882), German physicist and recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics in 1954.
- July 20 – Margaret Reed Lewis (b. 1881), American cell biologist.
- August 1 – Otto Heinrich Warburg (b. 1883), German physiologist and winner of the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
References
- ^ U.S. patent 3,541,541.
- ^ Kirschenbaum, Matthew (2013-03-01). "The Book-Writing Machine: What was the first novel ever written on a word processor?". Slate. Retrieved 2016-02-21.
- ^ Gardner, Martin (October 1970). Mathematical Games – The fantastic combinations of John Conway's new solitaire game "life". Vol. 223. pp. 120–123. ISBN 0-89454-001-7. Archived from the original on 2009-06-03. Retrieved 2011-06-26.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ Dawson, John W., Jr (1997). Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Godel. Wellesley, Mass.: A. K. Peters Ltd. ISBN 1-56881-025-3.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Glashow, S. L.; Iliopoulos, J.; Maiani, L. (1970). "Weak Interactions with Lepton–Hadron Symmetry". Physical Review D. 2 (7): 1285–1292. Bibcode:1970PhRvD...2.1285G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.2.1285.