2016 Taiwanese legislative election
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All 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan 57 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 18,692,217[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 66.34%[b]  8.13 pp | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Elected member party by constituency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Party-list leading party and vote count by township/city and district | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2016 Taiwanese legislative election was held, along with the presidential election, on 16 January 2016 for all 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) led by Tsai Ing-wen, who also won the presidential election on the same day, secured a majority for the first time in history by winning 68 seats. The ruling Kuomintang (KMT) lost both the presidency and its legislative majority and returned to the opposition.
The DPP managed to unseat the KMT in its traditional blue strongholds across Taiwan, turning districts in Taipei, Taichung and Hualien green, while KMT Vice Chairman Hau Lung-bin conceded defeat to relatively unknown city councilor Tsai Shih-ying from the DPP, becoming one of the most notable upsets in the election. The year-old New Power Party (NPP), founded by young activists in the wake of the 2014 Sunflower Movement, entered the Legislative Yuan, winning five seats from KMT veterans.[2]
Electoral system
Members were elected by parallel voting.
Contesting parties and candidates
The two major parties, the Kuomintang and the Democratic Progressive Party, used different strategies when nominating candidates for the Legislative Yuan elections. The Kuomintang nominated a candidate in all but one of the constituency seats.[3] The sole exception was Taipei 2, where they instead supported the New Party candidate. The DPP, on the other hand, developed a cooperation strategy with several minor parties. The DPP agreed to support candidates from these parties in exchange for agreements not to stand in tight races where they might sap DPP votes. These included the New Power Party, the Taiwan Solidarity Union, and the Green-Social Democratic Coalition, as well as several independents.[4][5] This strategy did not work in Hsinchu, where the NPP and DPP backed separate candidates.[6] A total of 43 female candidates won election to the Legislative Yuan, the most ever to take office.[7]
| Party | General electorates | Aboriginal electorates | Party list | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bgcolor="Template:Kuomintang/meta/color" | | Kuomintang | 72 | 5 | 33 | 110 |
| bgcolor="Template:Democratic Progressive Party/meta/color" | | Democratic Progressive Party | 60 | 2 | 34 | 96 |
| Unionist Party[8] | 14 | － | 10 | 24 | |
| bgcolor="Template:Minkuotang/meta/color" | | Minkuotang | 13 | 1 | 10 | 24 |
| bgcolor="Template:People First Party (Republic of China)/meta/color" | | People First Party | 6 | 1 | 16 | 23 |
| Constitutional Conventions of Taiwan | 12 | － | 6 | 18 | |
| bgcolor="Template:New Power Party/meta/color" | | New Power Party | 12 | － | 6 | 18 |
| Free Taiwan Party[9] | 11 | － | 6 | 17 | |
| MCFAP | 11 | 1 | 5 | 17 | |
| Green-Social Democratic Coalition[10] | 11 | － | 6 | 17 | |
| bgcolor="Template:Taiwan Solidarity Union/meta/color" | | Taiwan Solidarity Union | 2 | － | 15 | 17 |
| Faith And Hope League | 8 | 2 | 6 | 16 | |
| Trees Party | 11 | － | 2 | 13 | |
| National Health Service Alliance | 9 | 1 | 3 | 13 | |
| Peace Pigeon Union Party | 10 | 3 | 13 | ||
| New Party | 2 | － | 10 | 12 | |
| Taiwan Independence Party | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | |
| bgcolor="Template:Non-Partisan Solidarity Union/meta/color" | | Non-Partisan Solidarity Union | － | 1 | 7 | 8 |
| Taiwan Labor Party | 5 | － | － | 5 | |
| People's Democratic Front | 2 | － | － | 2 | |
| Social Welfare Party | 2 | － | － | 2 | |
| Pan-Pacific E.P. Union Party | 2 | － | － | 2 | |
| The Motorists' Party of ROC | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| Taiwan Win Party | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| Labor Party | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| Zheng Party | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| Taiwan First Nations Party | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| China Production Party | 1 | － | － | 1 | |
| bgcolor="Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color" | | Independents | 66 | 6 | － | 72 |
| Total | 354 | 23 | 179 | 556 | |
Opinion polling
Single and multi member districts
| Source | Date |  KMT |
DPP |
TSU |
 PFP |
 MKT |
NPP | G–SD |  NP |
 FTP |
 IND |
 Other |
 Undecided |
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trend | 9 February 2015 | 18.5% | 31.2% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 14.5% | 1.4% | 34.4% | 12.7% |
| Trend | 19 May 2015 | 19.1% | 25.2% | 2.6% | 3.8% | 0.4% | 3.3% | 2.4% | 0.9% | – | 13.4% | 3.6% | 25.2% | 6.1% |
| Trend1[1] | 12 July 2015 | 15.5% | 30.7% | 1.2% | 3.4% | – | – | – | 0.7% | – | 14.0% | – | 29.6% | 15.2% |
| Trend2[2] | 16 July 2015 | 20.3% | 27.8% | 0.6% | 4.3% | – | – | – | 0.8% | – | 12.9% | 1.2% | 26.9% | 7.5% |
| Trend3[3] | 6 August 2015 | 19.9% | 25.9% | 0.9% | 4.9% | – | – | – | 1.2% | – | 2.2% | – | 36.7% | 6.0% |
| Taiwan index | 12 September 2015 | 21.4% | 30.9% | 0.1% | 2.5% | – | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.0% | – | – | 1.5% | 42.3% | 9.5% |
| Apple Daily | 14 September 2015 | 30.29% | 38.17% | 2.11% | 8.12% | 1.33% | 4.53% | – | – | – | – | 15.45% | 7.88% | |
| Trend | 14 September 2015 | 15.9% | 31.2% | 0.4% | 2.1% | 0.8% | 5.9% | 1.4% | – | 0.5% | 11.4% | 2.5% | 27.9% | 15.3% |
| Trend | 17 September 2015 | 18.3% | 29.9% | 1.2% | 2.4% | 0.5% | 5.9% | 1.5% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 3.7% | 1.1% | 35.2% | 11.6% |
| Trend | 24 September 2015 | 18.3% | 32.6% | 1.6% | 5.2% | 0.5% | 5.6% | 2.0% | 0.6% | – | 0.4% | 2.7% | 30.5% | 14.3% |
| Daily | 16 October 2015 | 31.28% | 38.11% | 1.93% | 4.75% | 1.33% | 5.94% | 1.04% | 1.49% | – | – | – | 13.68% | 6.83% |
| TVBS | 19 October 2015 | 30% | 30% | – | 1% | – | 1% | – | – | – | 2% | 1% | 35% | Tied |
| Trend | 24 October 2015 | 19.0% | 35.0% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 0.8% | 4.0% | 0.9% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 2.0% | 0.3% | 34.4% | 16.0% |
Notice： Third party (politics)：14.5%, 25.2%, 38.1%.
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Proportional representation
| Source | Date | KMT |
DPP |
TSU |
PFP |
MKT |
NPP | G–SD | NP* |
FTP |
Other |
Undecided |
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trend | 14 March 2015 | 19.9% | 25.7% | 4.0% | 7.0% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 43.4% | 5.8% |
| Trend[4] | 19 May 2015 | 26.7% | 33.4% | 4.4% | 6.6% | 0.4% | 3.6% | 4.2% | 1.5% | – | 4.6% | 14.6% | 6.7% |
| TVBS1[5] | 1 June 2015 | 24% | 29% | 3% | 4% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 1.1% | 0.8% | – | 2% | 34% | 5.0% |
| New Realm[6] | 9 July 2015 | 18.67% | 31.67% | 1.61% | 5.14% | – | 3.86% | 1.12% | 1.29% | – | 1.08% | 35.08% | 13.00% |
| Trend2[7] | 12 July 2015 | 20.5% | 38.2% | 3.7% | 8.3% | – | – | – | 0.9% | – | – | 20.1% | 13.7% |
| Trend3[8] | 16 July 2015 | 24.6% | 35.6% | 4.1% | 9.2% | – | – | – | 2.1% | – | 0.4% | 16.5% | 11.0% |
| Decision[9] | 9 August 2015 | 24.3% | 30.3% | 1.8% | 6.6% | – | 5.6% | 2.6% | 1.4% | – | – | 27.4% | 6.0% |
| Freedom Journal | 26 August 2015 | 17.38% | 36.71% | 1.39% | 4.93% | 0.28% | 1.3% | 0.46% | – | – | 2.42% | 35.13% | 19.33% |
| Taiwan Index[10] | 12 September 2015 | 22.1% | 35.1% | 1.9% | 7.2% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 0.1% | – | 2.1% | 29.9% | 13.0% |
| Trend | 14 September 2015 | 21.5% | 37.6% | 4.1% | 5.6% | 0.8% | 6.8% | 1.8% | – | 0.5% | 0.9% | 20.4% | 16.0% |
| Trend | 17 September 2015 | 22.7% | 34.2% | 3.7% | 4.3% | 0.7% | 5.6% | 2.3% | – | 1.6% | 0.5% | 24.4% | 11.5% |
| Freedom journal | 23 September 2015 | 17.81% | 34.26% | 1.54% | 3.56% | – | 1.83% | 0.19% | – | – | 40.82% | 16.45% | |
| Trend | 23 September 2015 | 19.7% | 34.7% | 3.4% | 6.9% | 0.5% | 7.0% | 1.7% | – | – | 2.4% | 23.7% | 15.0% |
| Freedom Journal | 16 October 2015 | 19.01% | 33.17% | 1.65% | 3.2% | 0.39% | 1.75% | 0.10% | – | – | – | 40.71% | 14.16% |
| TVBS | 18 October 2015 | 33% | 28% | 3% | 3% | 2% | 5% | 2% | – | – | 2% | 22% | 5.0% |
| Trend[11] | 24 October 2015 | 21.3% | 37.5% | 3.0% | 7.2% | 0.6% | 4.7% | 2.4% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 22.3% | 16.2% |
| Shih Hsin University4[12] | 31 October 2015 | 23.3% | 34% | 2.3% | 4.1% | 0.5% | 3.1% | – | 0.7% | – | – | 30.2% | 11.7% |
| TVBS | 13 December 2015 | 23% | 27% | 2% | 5% | 2% | 6% | 3% | – | – | 3% | 25% | 4% |
Notice:：
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Results
Summary
A summarised results of the parties that won seats at the election is as follows:
| Party | Leader | Overall | District and indigenous seats | Party-list seats | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | ± | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | ||||||
| style="background:Template:Democratic Progressive Party/meta/color;" | | Democratic Progressive Party | Tsai Ing-wen | 68 |  28
|
60.18% | 68 / 113
|
50 | 5,416,683 | 44.59% | 18 | 5,370,953 | 44.06% | ||
| style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color;" | | Kuomintang | Eric Chu | 35 | 29
|
30.97% | 35 / 113
|
24 | 4,724,394 | 38.89% | 11 | 3,280,949 | 26.91% | ||
| style="background:Template:New Power Party/meta/color;" | | New Power Party | Hsu Yung-ming | 5 | New | 4.42% | 5 / 113
|
3 | 351,244 | 2.89% | 2 | 744,315 | 6.11% | ||
| style="background:Template:People First Party (Taiwan)/meta/color;" | | People First Party | James Soong | 3 | 
|
2.65% | 3 / 113
|
0 | 156,212 | 1.29% | 3 | 794,838 | 6.52% | ||
| style="background:Template:Non-Partisan Solidarity Union/meta/color;" | | Non-Partisan Solidarity Union | Lin Pin-kuan | 1 | 1
|
1.77% | 2 / 113
|
1 | 27,690 | 0.23% | 0 | 77,672 | 0.64% | ||
Template:2016 Taiwan legislative election
Results by constituency
Source: Central Election Commission
Results by party-list
Aftermath
Kuomintang Vice Chairman Hau Lung-bin announced he was stepping down after his surprising defeat in the Keelung City Constituency by relatively unknown city councillor Tsai Shih-ying from the DPP, following the Party Chairman Eric Chu resigned from the leadership after his defeat in the presidential election.[13]
By-elections
A total of five legislative seats are scheduled to be contested in by-elections, as both the Kuomintang and Democratic Progressive Party drew candidates for local office from sitting legislators during the 2018 local elections. The first two by-elections are scheduled for 26 January 2019.[14][15]
See also
- 2014 Taiwanese local elections
- 2016 Taiwanese general election
- 2016 Taiwanese presidential election
- 2016 Kuomintang chairmanship election
- 2017 Kuomintang chairmanship election
Notes
References
- ^ "中選會資料庫網站". cec.gov.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 29 January 2020.
- ^ "Historic change as KMT loses long-held Parliament majority". The Straits Times. 17 January 2016.
- ^ 第 09 屆 立法委員選舉（區域） 候選人得票數 (in Chinese), Central Election Commission
- ^ Loa, Iok-sin (10 December 2015). "DPP approves list of candidates outside the party to support". Taipei Times.
- ^ Loa, Iok-sin (8 January 2016). "Chen Chien-jen stumps for candidates in Taipei". Taipei Times. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
- ^ Gerber, Abraham (26 November 2015). "NPP candidate registers for Hsinchu seat race". Taipei Times. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
- ^ Wen, Kuei-hsiang; Huang, Frances (30 January 2016). "Taiwan's new legislature to have more female lawmakers, become younger". Central News Agency. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016. Alt URL
- ^ "黨章 – 中華統一促進黨". china999.org. Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
- ^ "自由台灣黨、一邊一國結盟 拼立委選舉". 蘋果日報.
- ^ 林瑋豐 (17 August 2015). "綠黨社民黨聯盟成立 「淘汰國民黨，制衡民進黨」". 風傳媒. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
- ^ RB. "新黨全球資訊網 - [新黨訊] "新黨不選政黨票了嗎？" - 青新論壇 - 新聞公告". np.org.tw. Archived from the original on 22 November 2015.
- ^ "新黨公布不分區立委：葉毓蘭第一、邱毅第二" (in Chinese). Liberty Times Net. 26 November 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
- ^ "KMT's head Eric Chu, deputy head Hau Lung-bin step down". Focus Taiwan. 16 January 2016.
- ^ Li, Shu-hua; Ko, Lin (30 November 2018). "Two legislative by-elections to be held on Jan. 26, 2019: CEC". Central News Agency. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
- ^ "Legislative by-elections set for Jan. 26". Taipei Times. 2 December 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
