Timeline of Lviv
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Lviv, Ukraine.
Prior to 18th century
Historical affiliations
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia c. 1256 – 1349
Kingdom of Poland 1349–1569
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1772
Austrian Empire 1772–1867
Austro-Hungarian Empire 1867–1918
West Ukrainian People's Republic 1918
Poland 1918–1939
Soviet Union 1939–1941
Nazi Germany 1941–1944
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- 1256 - Lviv mentioned in the Galician–Volhynian Chronicle.[1]
- 1272 - Leo I of Galicia relocates Galicia-Volhynia capital to Lviv from Halych (approximate date).[2]
- 1340 - Town taken by forces of Casimir III of Poland.[2]
- 1356 - City granted Magdeburg rights.[1]
- 1362 - High Castle rebuilt.
- 1363 - Armenian church built.
- 1365 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Lwow established.[3]
- 1370 - Latin Cathedral construction begins (approximate date).
- 1387 - City becomes part of Poland.[2]
- 1412 - Catholic see established.[4]
- 1434 - City becomes capital of the Polish Ruthenian Voivodeship.[1]
- 1480 - Latin Cathedral construction completed.[5]
- 1527 - Lviv fire of 1527.[2]
- 1550 - Church of St. Onuphrius built.
- 1556 - Arsenal built.
- 1580 - Korniakt Palace built on Market Square.
- 1582 - Karaite synagogue built.[6]
- 1586 - Ukrainian Lviv Dormition Brotherhood established.[1]
- 1589 - Bandinelli Palace built on Market Square.
- 1593 - Printing press in operation.[7]
- 1609 - Golden Rose Synagogue opens.[6]
- 1618 - Hlyniany Gate built.
- 1626 - City becomes seat of Armenian bishopric.[8]
- 1629 - Dormition Church built.
- 1630 - Bernardine Church and Monastery and Church of St. Mary Magdalene consecrated.
- 1648 - City besieged by Cossacks.[9]
- 1656 - Lwów Oath.
- 1661 - Jesuit Lviv University founded.
- 1672 - Siege of Lviv by Turks.[9]
- 1675 - Battle of Lwów (1675).
18th–19th centuries
- 1704 - City besieged by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.[10]
- 1762 - Greek Catholic St. George's Cathedral built.
- 1772 - City becomes capital of Austrian Galicia;[4] renamed "Lemberg".
- 1776 - Population: 29,500.[2]
- 1784
- Secular University established.[10]
- Brygidki prison in use.
- 1787 - Lychakiv Cemetery established.
- 1788 - Stauropegion Institute founded.
- 1809 - 27 May-19 June: City taken by forces of Józef Poniatowski.[10][11]
- 1810 - Gazeta Lwowska (1810-1939) newspaper begins publication.
- 1817 - Polish Ossolineum founded.[12]
- 1825 - German designated as official administrative language.[2]
- 1829 - Viennese Cafe in business.[13]
- 1835 - Town Hall[10] and Ivan Franko Park gazebo built.
- 1842 - Skarbek Theatre opens.
- 1844 - Technical Academy established.
- 1846 - Tempel Synagogue built.[14]
- 1848
- 2 November: City "bombarded by the Austrians."[9]
- Galician Dawn newspaper begins publication.
- 1850 - Chamber of Commerce founded.[15]
- 1853
- Ignacy Łukasiewicz invents kerosene lamp.
- Street lighting installed.[citation needed]
- 1863 - House of Invalids built.[14]
- 1867 - Pravda newspaper begins publication.[1]
- 1868 - Prosvita society founded.[16]
- 1870
- 1873 - Shevchenko Scientific Society founded.[16]
- 1877 - Industrial exhibition held.[2]
- 1878 - Government House built.
- 1880 - Dilo newspaper begins publication.[16]
- 1881
- Ridna Shkola Society founded.[1]
- Galician Regional Diet building constructed.[14]
- 1883 - Kurier Lwowski newspaper begins publication.
- 1890 - Population: 128,419.[17]
- 1892 - Lychakivskyi Park laid out.[18]
- 1893 - Grand Hotel built on Svobody Prospect.[18]
- 1894 - Galician Regional Exhibition held.[19]
- 1898
- Statue of John III Sobieski erected in Svobody Prospect.[19]
- Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk literary-scientific journal begins publication.[1]
- 1900
- Grand Theatre built.
- Population: 159,618.[5]
20th century
- 1901 - Hotel George opens.[20]
- 1904 - Railway station opens.
- 1905 - Lwow Ecclesiastical Museum established.
- 1907 - Galician Music Society building constructed.[14]
- 1908
- 12 April: Politician Andrzej Kazimierz Potocki assassinated.[21]
- Polish History Museum, Lwów established.
- 1909 - Industry and Crafts College built.[14]
- 1911 - Church of Sts. Olha and Elizabeth built.
- 1913 - Magnus department store built on Hospital Street, Lviv.[14]
- 1914
- 1915
- 1918
- 1 November: City becomes capital of the Western Ukrainian People's Republic;[1] Battle of Lemberg (1918) begins.
- 21–23 November: Lwów pogrom (1918).
- 1920 - Battle of Lwów (1920).
- 1923 - City becomes part of Poland per Conference of Ambassadors.[1]
- 1924 - Polish Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów established.[citation needed]
- 1925 - Beis Aharon V'Yisrael Synagogue built.
- 1929 - Members of the Lwów School of Mathematics, Stefan Banach and Hugo Steinhaus, establish Studia Mathematica journal.
- 1930 - Area of city: 66 square kilometers.[2]
- 1936
- April 14 - anti-fascist demonstration shot by Polish police. Killed 1 worker V. Kozak.
- April 16 - funeral of the killed worker Kozak, police fights against workers. 46 people killed.
- 1937 - Academy of Foreign Trade in Lwów established.
- 1939
- 12–22 September: Battle of Lwów (1939).[4]
- City becomes part of Soviet Ukraine, and capital of the Lviv Oblast.[2]
- Czerwony Sztandar Polish-language communist newspaper begins publication.
- 1940 - Union of Soviet Architects branch and Ukrainian State Institute of Urban Planning branch organized.[22]
- 1941
- Lviv pogroms.[23]
- 30 June: German occupation begins.[4]
- July: Massacre of Lviv professors.
- September: Janowska concentration camp begins operating.[24]
- 8 November: Lwów Ghetto begins.[25]
- 1944
- 23–27 July: Lwów Uprising against German occupation.
- 27 July: German occupation ends; Russians in power.[4]
- December: Evacuation of Poles from Lviv begins.[26]
- Central State Historical Archive of the Ukrainian SSR in Lviv established.[27]
- 1945
- City known as "Lviv".
- Lviv Bus Factory built.
- 1952
- Lenin statue erected.[18][22]
- Hill of Glory monument[26] and Bohdan Khmelnytsky Culture and Recreation Park built.[22]
- 1957 - Ukrzakhidproektrestavratsia Institute established.[28]
- 1958 - Polish People's Theatre established.[26]
- 1963
- Football Club Karpaty Lviv formed.
- Ukraina Stadium opens.
- 1965 - Population: 496,000.[29]
- 1966 - Pharmacy Museum opens.
- 1970
- 1979 - Population: 665,065.[31]
- 1985 - Population: 742,000.[32]
- 1987
- 1989
- Dead Rooster musical group formed.
- Population: 786,903.[31]
- 1990
- Vyvykh festival festival begins.
- Vasyl Shpitser becomes mayor.
- Gazeta Lwowska Polish-language magazine begins publication.
- Russian Cultural Centre opens.
- Area of city: 90 square kilometers.[2]
- 1991
- City becomes part of independent Ukraine.[2]
- Chervona Ruta (festival) of music held.
- Lviv Physics and Mathematics Lyceum founded.
- 1992
- September: Chrysler Imperial rock opera performed.[34]
- Ekspres newspaper begins publication.
- Austrian Library opens.[28]
- Radio Lwów begins broadcasting.
- 1993 - Znesinnia Regional Landscape Park established.
- 1994 - Vasyl Kuybida becomes mayor.
- 1996 - Lviv Suburban railway station built.
- 1998 - Old Town (Lviv) designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
21st century
- 2001 - Population: 725,202.[31]
- 2002
- 27 July: Air show disaster occurs near city.
- Ukrainian Catholic University established.[28]
- 2004 - Center for Urban History of East Central Europe founded.[1]
- 2006 - Andriy Sadovyi becomes mayor.
- 2008 - Etnovyr folklore festival and Wiz-Art film festival begin.
- 2011 - Arena Lviv opens.
- 2012 - June: Some UEFA Euro 2012 football games played in Lviv.
- 2014
- January: 2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupation.[35]
- February: 2014 Ukrainian revolution.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Ivan Katchanovski; et al. (2013). "Lviv". Historical Dictionary of Ukraine (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Hrytsak 2000.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Ukraine". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Lvov", Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 643, OL 5812502M
- ^ a b Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b "L'viv". New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|encyclopedia=ignored (help) - ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. H. Grevel & Co.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c George Lerski (1996). "Lvov". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
- ^ a b c d Ripley 1879.
- ^ a b c d Townsend 1877.
- ^ Die Stadt Lemberg im Jahre 1809 [Lemberg in 1809] (in German). Lviv: Schnellpresse des Stauropigian-Instituts. 1862.
- ^ Paul Robert Magocsi (2002). Historical Atlas of Central Europe. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-8486-6.
- ^ Larry Wolff (2012). The Idea of Galicia: History and Fantasy in Habsburg Political Culture. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-7429-1.
- ^ a b c d e f Purchla 2000.
- ^ "Ukraine: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 4319+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- ^ a b c Ivan Katchanovski; et al. (2013). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Ukraine (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
- ^ Chambers 1901.
- ^ a b c "Lviv Interactive". Lviv: Center for Urban History of East Central Europe. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ a b Prokopovych 2009.
- ^ "Lviv's, and a Family's, Stories in Architecture", New York Times, 17 October 2013
- ^ Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Austrian Galicia", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via Hathi Trust
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Tscherkes 2000.
- ^ "A True Story of Holocaust Survivors. The documentary includes 60 historical pictures. 1932-1944, Lwow, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine)".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Baranovskiy, Mikhail (2020). "Tango of Death. A True Story of Holocaust Survivors". ISBN 979-8620147014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "A True Story of Holocaust Survivors. The documentary includes 60 historical pictures. 1932-1944, Lwow, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine)".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c Risch 2011.
- ^ Patricia Kennedy Grimsted (1988). "Repositories in Lviv". Ukraine and Moldavia. Princeton University Press. p. 425. ISBN 978-1-4008-5982-5.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ a b c "Links". Lviv: Center for Urban History of East Central Europe. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
Lvov
- ^ a b Bohdan Yasinsky (ed.). "Place of Publication Index: Lviv". Independent Press in Ukraine, 1988-1992. USA: Library of Congress. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ a b c d Lozinski 2005.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Kenney 2009.
- ^ Alexandra Hrycak (1997). "The Coming of "Chrysler Imperial": Ukrainian Youth and Rituals of Resistance". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 21 (1/2): 63–91. JSTOR 41036642.
- ^ "A Ukraine City Spins Beyond the Government's Reach", New York Times, 15 February 2014
- This article incorporates information from the Ukrainian Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, and Russian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in the 19th century
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Lemberg", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - John Ramsay McCulloch (1851). "Lemberg". A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Lemberg". Geography. Vol. 2. London.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help); External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Lemberg", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Henry Townsend (1877), "Lemberg", Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Ripley; Charles A. Dana, eds. (1879). "Lemberg". American Cyclopedia (2nd ed.). New York: D. Appleton and Company.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Austria: Lemberg", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
- Published in the 20th century
- "Lemberg", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Lemberg". Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1903.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - A.S. Waldstein (1907), "Lemberg", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 7, New York
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Lemberg", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - S. Vailhe (1910). "Lemberg". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Lemberg". Austria-Hungary (11th ed.). Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1911.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Bohdan Janusz (1922). Przewodnik po Lwowie [Guide to Lwow] (in Polish). Lviv: Wszechświat.
- George G. Grabowicz (2000). "Mythologizing Lviv/Lwów: Echoes of Presence and Absence". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 313–342. JSTOR 41036821.
- Yaroslav Hrytsak (2000). "Lviv: A Multicultural History through the Centuries". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 47–73. JSTOR 41036810.
- Padraic Kenney (2000). "Lviv's Central European Renaissance, 1987–1990". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 303–312. JSTOR 41036820.
- Jacek Purchla (2000). "Patterns of Influence: Lviv and Vienna in the Mirror of Architecture". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 131–147. JSTOR 41036813.
- Bohdan Tscherkes; Nicholas Sawicki (2000). "Stalinist Visions for the Urban Transformation of Lviv, 1939–1955". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 205–222. JSTOR 41036816.
- Published in 21st century
- Роман Лозинський (Roman Lozinski) (2005), Етнічний склад населення Львова (у контексті суспільного розвитку Галичини) [Ethnic composition of the city (in the context of social development Galicia)] (PDF) (in Ukrainian), Lviv: Ivan Franko National University of L'viv)
- Heidi Hein (2006). Christian Emden; et al. (eds.). Idea of Lviv as a Bulwark against the East. Peter Lang. p. 321. ISBN 978-3-03910-533-5.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Markian Prokopovych (2009). Habsburg Lemberg: Architecture, Public Space, and Politics in the Galician Capital, 1772-1914. Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-510-8.
- William Jay Risch (2011). Ukrainian West: Culture and the Fate of Empire in Soviet Lviv. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-05001-3.
- Tarik Cyril Amar (2015). The Paradox of Ukrainian Lviv. A Borderland City between Nazis, Stalinists, and Nationalists. Cornell University. ISBN 978-0-8014-5391-5.
- Baranovskiy, Mikhail (2020). "Tango of Death. A True Story of Holocaust Survivors". ISBN 979-8620147014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "A True Story of Holocaust Survivors. The documentary includes 60 historical pictures. 1932-1944, Lwow, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine)". 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lviv.
- Europeana. Items related to Lviv, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Lviv, various dates
