Keflavík
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Keflavík | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 August 2009 aerial view | |
 Location of the Municipality of Reykjanesbaer | |
  Keflavík Location in Iceland | |
| Coordinates: 64°01′N 22°34′W / 64.017°N 22.567°W | |
| Country | Iceland |
| Constituency[1] | South Constituency |
| Region[2] | Southern Peninsula[3] |
| Municipality |  Reykjanesbær |
| Population (2018) | |
| • Total | 15,930[a] |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (GMT) |
| Website | Official website |
| ^ When combined with Njarðvík. | |
Keflavík (pronounced [ˈcʰɛplaˌviːk] , meaning Driftwood Bay) is a town in the Reykjanes region in southwest Iceland. As of 2016, its population when combined with the nearby town Njarðvík, is 15,129.[4]
In 1995 it merged with Njarðvík and Hafnir to form a municipality called Reykjanesbær with a population of 15,233 (January 2016).
History
Founded in the 16th century, Keflavík developed on account of its fishing and fish processing industry,[5] founded by Scottish entrepreneurs and engineers.[citation needed] Later its growth continued from flight operations at the Keflavík International Airport which was built by the United States military during the 1940s. The airport used to hold a significant NATO military base and was a vital pre-jet refueling stop for trans-Atlantic commercial air traffic. It now serves as Iceland's main international hub.
During World War II the military airfield served as a refueling and transit depot. During the Cold War, Naval Air Station Keflavik played an important role in monitoring marine and submarine traffic from the Norwegian and Greenland Seas into the Atlantic Ocean. Forces from the United States Air Force were added to provide radar monitoring, fighter intercept, in-flight refueling, and aerial/marine rescue. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, however, the base's role was cast into doubt. The base officially closed on 30 September 2006, when the United States withdrew the remaining 30 military personnel.
In Iceland, Keflavík was renowned as a rich source of musicians during the 1960s and 70s, and is therefore also known as bítlabærinn or "The Beatle Town".
Geography
The local geography is dominated by fields of basalt rubble, interspersed with a few hardy plants and mosses. On a clear day, one can see Snæfellsjökull across the bay, some 115 km away.
Climate
The climate of Keflavík is subarctic (Dfc) with cool summers and moderately cold winters. There is no truly dry month but July is the month that gets the least amount of precipitation. Winter high temperatures average above the freezing mark, and summer high temperatures are cool to mild. The warmest month on average is July with an average high of 13 °C (55 °F) and the coldest is January with an average high of 2 °C (36 °F).
| Climate data for Keflavík Airport | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
10.6 (51.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
14.5 (58.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
13.0 (55.4) |
23.9 (75.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
6.8 (44.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.0 (44.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) |
0.3 (32.5) |
0.6 (33.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
6.1 (43.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
7.5 (45.5) |
4.5 (40.1) |
1.8 (35.2) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.6 (27.3) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.5 (32.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
8.3 (46.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
2.1 (35.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −15.6 (3.9) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−20 (−4) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
-0 (32) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−5 (23) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−12 (10) |
−14 (7) |
−20 (−4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 127.7 (5.03) |
121.8 (4.80) |
116.0 (4.57) |
87.0 (3.43) |
82.3 (3.24) |
63.7 (2.51) |
88.0 (3.46) |
118.3 (4.66) |
131.7 (5.19) |
120.1 (4.73) |
122.8 (4.83) |
130.7 (5.15) |
1,310.1 (51.6) |
| Average precipitation days | 15 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 16 | 164 |
| Source: yr.no[6] Meteo Climat (extremes)[7] | |||||||||||||
Sport
The town is represented in sports by Íþrótta- og ungmennafélag Keflavíkur.
In popular culture
The former NATO military base Naval Air Station Keflavik is used as a setting for an important story line in Tom Clancy's novel Red Storm Rising.[8] Clancy described the base, the geography, local flora, and the station equipment.
See also
- Cold War
- Iceland Defense Force, headquartered in Keflavík until 2006
- Uppspretta
References
- ^ Political division
- ^ Mainly statistical division
- ^ Formerly named Reykjanes
- ^ "Population by Locaties-Keflavík and Njarðvík". Retrieved 28 July 2016.
- ^ Cathy Harlow, Iceland, Landmark Visitors Guide, 3rd ed. 2004, ISBN 1-84306-134-1, p. 57.
- ^ "Weather statics for Keflavík". yr.no. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
- ^ http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=1978
- ^ Clancy, Tom (1986). Red Storm Rising. Putnam. ISBN 978-0-399-13149-3.
External links
Media related to Keflavík at Wikimedia Commons
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