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Hour record

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For the hour record in athletics, see One hour run. For the hour record in non-upright bicycles, see Hour record (recumbents).

The hour record is the record for the longest distance cycled in one hour on a bicycle from a stationary start. Cyclists attempt this record alone on the track without other competitors present. It is considered one of the most prestigious records in cycling. Since it was first set, cyclists ranging from unknown amateurs to well-known professionals have held the record, adding to its prestige and allure. There is now one unified record for upright bicycles meeting the requirements of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Hour-record attempts for UCI bikes are made in a velodrome.

Early hour records (until 1972)

James Moore who set the first recorded hour record of 23.3 km in 1873

The first universally accepted record was in 1876 when the American Frank Dodds rode 26.508 km (16.471 mi) on a penny-farthing.[1] The first recorded distance[2] was set in 1873 by James Moore in Wolverhampton, riding an Ariel 49" high wheel (1.2 m) bicycle; however, the distance was recorded at exactly 14.5 miles (23.3 km), leading to the theory that the distance was just approximated and not accurately measured.[3]

The first officially recognised record was set by Henri Desgrange at the Buffalo Velodrome, Paris in 1893 following the formation of the International Cycling Association, the forerunner of the modern-day UCI. Throughout the run up to the First World War, the record was broken on five occasions by Frenchmen Oscar Egg and Marcel Berthet, and due to the attempts being highly popular and guaranteeing rich attendances, it is said that each ensured he did not beat the record by too much of a margin, enabling further lucrative attempts by the other.[nb 1]

The hour was attempted sporadically over the following 70 years, with most early attempts taking place at the Buffalo Velodrome in Paris, before the Velodromo Vigorelli in Milan became popular in 1930s and 1940s sparking attempts from leading Italian riders and former Giro d'Italia winners such as Fausto Coppi and Ercole Baldini. Coppi's record set in 1942, during the Second World War, despite Milan being bombed nightly by Allied forces, was eventually broken in 1956 by Jacques Anquetil on his third attempt. In 1967, 11 years later, Anquetil again broke the hour record, with 47.493 km (29.511 mi), but the record was disallowed because he refused to take the newly introduced post-race doping test.[4] He had objected to what he saw as the indignity of having to urinate in a tent in front of a crowded velodrome and said he would take the test later at his hotel. The international judge ruled against the idea, and a scuffle ensued that involved Anquetil's manager, Raphaël Géminiani. In 1968, Ole Ritter broke the record in Mexico City, the first attempt at altitude since Willie Hamilton in 1898.[citation needed]

The women's hour record was first established in 1893 by Mlle de Saint-Sauveur at the Vélodrome Buffalo in Paris, setting a total distance of 26.012 km (16.163 mi). The record was improved several times over the next years, until Louise Roger reached 34.684 km (21.552 mi) in 1897 also at Vélodrome Buffalo.[5] In 1911, Alfonsina Strada set a new women's record of 37.192 km (23.110 mi).[6] From 1947 to 1954, Élyane Bonneau and Jeannine Lemaire set several new hour records, the last of which was 39.735 km (24.690 mi) by Lemaire in 1952. The first women's hour record approved by the UCI was by Tamara Novikova in 1955.

Historical hour records

UCI hour record (1972–2014)

1972–1984: Merckx, Moser and new technology

Eddy Merckx's 1972 hour record steel-framed bike

In 1972, Eddy Merckx set a new hour record at 49.431 km (30.715 mi) in Mexico City at an altitude of 2,300 m (7,500 ft) where he proclaimed it to have been "the hardest ride I have ever done".[8]

The record would stand for 12 years until in January 1984, Francesco Moser set a new record at 51.151 km (31.784 mi). This was the first noted use of disc wheels, which provided an aerodynamic gain as well as Moser wearing a skin suit. Moser's record would eventually be moved in 1997 to "best human effort" [8]

1990s: non-traditional riding positions

In 1993 and 1994, Graeme Obree, who built his own bikes, posted two records with his hands tucked under his chest. In 1994, Moser set the veteran's record at 51.840 km (32.212 mi)[9] in Mexico City. Moser beat his 1984 record, using bullhorn handlebars, steel airfoil tubing, disk wheels and skinsuit. It was also faster than Obree's first record in 1993. Following the outlawing of the "praying mantis" style by the UCI in May 1994, Spaniard Miguel Indurain and Swiss Tony Rominger broke the record using a more traditional tri-bar setup with Rominger setting a distance of 55.291 km.

Lotus Type 108 bicycle
The Lotus 108 bicycle, a forerunner to the Lotus 110 Chris Boardman used to set a new hour record of 56.375 km (35.030 mi) in 1996.

Chris Boardman took up the challenge using a modified version of the Lotus 110 bicycle, a successor to the earlier Lotus 108 bicycle he'd ridden to victory at the 1992 Olympic Games. South African company Aerodyne Technology built the frame. Boardman set the UCI Absolute record of 56.375 km (35.030 mi) in 1996, using another position pioneered by Obree, his arms out in front in a "Superman" position. This too was considered controversial by the UCI, and while the record was allowed to stand, the position was banned making Boardman's record set in 1996 effectively unbeatable using traditional bike position.[8]

1997 UCI rule change

With the increasing gap between modern bicycles and what was available at the time of Merckx's record, the UCI established two records in 1997:

  • UCI Hour Record: which restricted competitors to roughly the same equipment as Merckx, banning time trial helmets, disc or tri-spoke wheels, aerodynamic bars and monocoque frames.
  • Best Human Effort: also known as the UCI "Absolute" Record[8] in which modern equipment was permitted.

As a result of the 1997 rule change, all records since 1972, including Boardman's 56.375 km (35.030 mi) in 1996, were moved to Best Human Effort and the distance of Eddy Merckx set in 1972 once more became the official UCI benchmark. In 2000, Boardman attempted the UCI record on a traditional bike, and rode 49.441 km (30.721 mi), topping Merckx by 10 metres (32.8 ft), an improvement of 0.02%.

In 2005, Ondřej Sosenka improved Boardman's performance at 49.700 km (30.882 mi) using a 54×13 gear. However, Sosenka failed a doping control in 2001 and then again in 2008, the latter resulting in a career-ending suspension which puts in doubt the validity of his record. All women's records from 1986 to 1996 were recategorized to Best Human Effort.

Hour record holders (men's)

UCI hour record (1972–2014)[10][11]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Equipment
25 October 1972 Belgium Eddy Merckx 27 Agustín Melgar (333 meters outdoor concrete high-altitude), Mexico City, Mexico 49.431 Drop handlebar, round steel tubing frame, wire spokes.
27 October 2000 United Kingdom Chris Boardman 32 Manchester Velodrome (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Manchester, UK 49.441 Drop handlebar, carbon fibre tubing frame, wire spokes.
19 July 2005 Czech Republic Ondřej Sosenka 29 Krylatskoye (333 meters indoor wood sea-level), Moscow, Russia 49.700 Drop handlebar, carbon fibre tubing frame, wire spokes.
UCI best human effort (1984–2014)[10][11]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Equipment
19 January 1984 Italy Francesco Moser 32 Agustín Melgar (333 meters outdoor concrete high-altitude), Mexico City, Mexico 50.808 Bullhorn handlebar, oval steel tubing frame, disc wheels.
23 January 1984 Italy Francesco Moser 32 Agustín Melgar (333 meters outdoor concrete high-altitude), Mexico City, Mexico 51.151 Bullhorn handlebar, oval steel tubing frame, disc wheels.
17 July 1993 United Kingdom Graeme Obree 27 Vikingskipet (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Hamar, Norway 51.596 Graeme Obree-style "praying mantis" handlebar, round steel tubing frame, carbon tri-spoke wheels.
23 July 1993 United Kingdom Chris Boardman 24 Velodrome du Lac (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Bordeaux, France 52.270 Triathlon handlebar, carbon airfoil tubing frame, carbon 4-spoke wheels.
27 April 1994 United Kingdom Graeme Obree 28 Velodrome du Lac (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Bordeaux, France 52.713 Graeme Obree-style "praying mantis" handlebar, round steel tubing frame, carbon tri-spoke wheels.
2 September 1994 Spain Miguel Indurain 30 Velodrome du Lac (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Bordeaux, France 53.040 Wide triathlon handlebar, carbon monocoque aero frame, disc wheels.
22 October 1994 Switzerland Tony Rominger 33 Velodrome du Lac (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Bordeaux, France 53.832 Triathlon handlebar, oval steel tubing frame, disc wheels.
5 November 1994 Switzerland Tony Rominger 33 Velodrome du Lac (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Bordeaux, France 55.291 Triathlon handlebar, oval steel tubing frame, disc wheels.
6 September 1996 United Kingdom Chris Boardman 28 Manchester Velodrome (250 meters indoor wood sea-level), Manchester, UK 56.375 Graeme Obree "superman-style" handlebar, carbon monocoque aero frame, 5-spoke front and rear disc wheel.

Hour record holders (women's)

UCI hour record (1972–2014) [12]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Equipment
25 November 1972 Italy Maria Cressari 28 Agustín Melgar Olympic Velodrome, Mexico City, Mexico 41.471 4.7-kilogram Colnago, drop handlebars, wire spokes.[13]
16 September 1978 Netherlands Keetie van Oosten 29 Munich, Germany 43.082 RIH superlight steel frame, drop handlebars, wire spokes.[14][15]
18 October 2000 Australia Anna Wilson-Millward 26 Vodafone Arena, Melbourne, Australia 43.501 Perkins, Columbus steel tubing, box section rims, wire spokes
5 November 2000 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 42 Agustín Melgar Olympic Velodrome, Mexico City, Mexico 44.767 Drop handlebar, steel tubing frame, wire spokes.
7 December 2000 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 42 Agustín Melgar, Mexico City, Mexico 45.094 Drop handlebar, steel tubing frame, wire spokes.
1 October 2003 Netherlands Leontien Zijlaard-van Moorsel 33 Agustín Melgar, Mexico City, Mexico 46.065 Drop handlebar, Koga chromoly tubing frame, box section rims, wire spokes[16]
UCI best human effort (1986–2014) [12]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Equipment
20 September 1986 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 27 Colorado Springs, United States 44.770
23 September 1987 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 28 Colorado Springs, United States 44.933
1 October 1989 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 30 Agustín Melgar Olympic Velodrome, Mexico City, Mexico 46.352
29 April 1995 France Catherine Marsal 24 Bordeaux, France 47.112 Corima carbon composite bicycle. Corima 12 spoke/Corima disc wheels. Tri-Bar.[17]
17 June 1995 United Kingdom Yvonne McGregor 34 Manchester, England 47.411 Terry Dolan bicycle. Cinelli tri-bar, Corima disc wheels
26 October 1996 France Jeannie Longo-Ciprelli 38 Agustín Melgar Olympic Velodrome, Mexico City, Mexico 48.159

UCI unified hour record (2014–present)

Unified rule change (2014)

The bike used by Jens Voigt in the first attempt under the unified regulations in 2014
Former hour record holder Bradley Wiggins, pictured here at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships

In 2014, the UCI unified the two classifications into a single classification in line with regulations for current track pursuit bikes. Records previously removed for Chris Boardman and Graeme Obree were returned, however the benchmark record would remain at 49.7 km (30.9 mi) set in 2005 by Ondrej Sosenka, even though that was not the farthest distance.[18][19] Under the new regulations riders may use any bike allowed by the UCI standards for endurance track events in place at the time of the attempt.[20]

Riders are required to be part of the athlete biological passport program.[21] However, of the men to attempt the record since the rule change, only four were on a UCI World Tour team at the time: Jens Voigt of Trek Factory Racing[22], Rohan Dennis of the BMC Racing Team, Alex Dowsett of the You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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So far, 19 attempts have been made for the men's record, six successfully, while seven attempts have been made on the women's record, four of them successfully.

Unified hour record attempts (men's)

Following the change in the rules, German Jens Voigt became the first rider to attempt the hour, on 18 September 2014 at the Velodrome Suisse, Grenchen, Switzerland.[23][24] He set a new record of 51.110 km (31.758 mi), beating the previous record set by Sosenka by 1.41 km (0.88 mi).[8] On 30 October 2014, Matthias Brändle set a new record of 51.852 km (32.219 mi) at the World Cycling Center in Aigle, Switzerland.

Further attempts by Australians Jack Bobridge, Rohan Dennis, and the Dutchman Thomas Dekker came within a few weeks, between 31 January and 25 February 2015. Dennis was the only one of the three to set a new record, and in doing so was the first rider to cover more than 52 kilometres (32.3 mi). Dekker's attempt at the Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome was the first attempt to take place at appreciable altitude. Aguascalientes is at 1,890 m (6,200 ft) above sea level, while Melbourne is at only 31 m (102 ft), and, although in Switzerland, Grenchen and Aigle are at 451 m (1,480 ft) and 415 m (1,362 ft), and not in the mountains. High altitude is thought to result in faster times, providing the rider takes the time to acclimatise to the conditions.[25] This is because the air density decreases with an increase in altitude, which reduces the aerodynamic drag.[26]

Having postponed an earlier scheduled attempt due to a broken collarbone incurred in a crash while training, British cyclist Alex Dowsett exceeded Dennis' mark, with a new record of 52.937 km (32.894 mi), at Manchester Velodrome on 2 May 2015.[27]

On 7 June 2015, Sir Bradley Wiggins broke Dowsett's record, by completing a distance of 54.526 km (33.881 mi) at the Lee Valley VeloPark in London.[28]

On 16 April 2019 Victor Campenaerts was the first to exceed 55km/h by completing a distance of 55.089 km (34.231 mi) at the Velodromo Bicentenario in Aguascalientes.[29]

Men's UCI hour record attempts and record holders (since the rule revision in 2014)[10][11]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
18 September 2014 Germany Jens Voigt 43 Velodrome Suisse, Grenchen, Switzerland 51.110
(New record)		 United States Trek Bicycle Corporation[30] Triathlon handlebar, Trek carbon fibre tubing frame, disc wheels,[31] chain on a 55/14 gear ratio.[32] First attempt under the new rule-set and oldest record holder at 43 years old and one day.
Set new German national record.
30 October 2014 Austria Matthias Brändle 24 World Cycling Center, Aigle, Switzerland 51.852
(New record)		 Switzerland IAM Cycling[33] Triathlon handlebar, SCOTT carbon fibre tubing frame, disc wheels, chain on a 55/13 gear ratio.[32] Set new Austrian national record.
31 January 2015 Australia Jack Bobridge 24 Darebin International Sports Centre, Melbourne, Australia 51.300
(Failure)		 Australia Cycling Australia[34] Triathlon handlebar, Cervelo carbon fibre tubing frame, disc wheels. Failed to set new hour record.
Beat Brad McGee's previous Australian national record of 50.300 km set in 2000.[35]
8 February 2015 Australia Rohan Dennis 24 Velodrome Suisse, Grenchen, Switzerland 52.491
(New record)		 United States BMC Racing Team Triathlon handlebar, BMC carbon fibre tubing frame, disc wheels, chain on a 56/14 gear ratio.[36] Beat Jack Bobridge's previous Australian national record of 51.300 km set in January 2015.
25 February 2015 Netherlands Thomas Dekker 30 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico 52.221
(Failure)		 Netherlands Koga[37] Koga TeeTeeTrack with Mavic Comete Track wheels, Koga components, Rotor cranks with a KMC (3/32") chain on a 58/14 gear ratio.[38] First attempt at altitude (2000 m). Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Dutch national record.
14 March 2015 Sweden Gustav Larsson 34 Manchester Velodrome, Manchester, United Kingdom 50.016
(Failure)		 United Kingdom Revolution Series
Denmark Cult Energy Pro Cycling[39]		 Ridley carbon track bike with front and rear disc wheels, triathlon handlebars. Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Swedish national record, beating previous record of 45.335 km.[40]
2 May 2015 United Kingdom Alex Dowsett 26 Manchester Velodrome, Manchester, United Kingdom[41] 52.937
(New record)		 Spain You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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  • {{Contentious topics/list}} and {{Contentious topics/table}} show which topics are currently designated as contentious topics. They are used by a number of templates and pages on Wikipedia. || Canyon Speedmax WHR carbon track bike, with Campagnolo Pista disc wheels, Pista crankset with 54 or 55 or 56t chainring.[42][43] || Set new British national record, beating Chris Boardman's record of 49.441 km set in 2000.
7 June 2015 United Kingdom Bradley Wiggins 35 Lee Valley VeloPark, London, United Kingdom[44] 54.526
(New record)		 United Kingdom Team Wiggins Pinarello Bolide HR, SRAM Crankset,[45] modified front fork, custom printed handlebars,[46] 58/14 gear ratio.[47] Set new British national record, beating Alex Dowsett's record.
21 March 2016 Switzerland Micah Gross Velodrome Suisse, Grenchen, Switzerland 48.255
(Failure)		 Switzerland RSC Aaretal Münsingen Set a new Swiss national record, beating the previous record of 48.199 km.[48]
16 September 2016 United States Tom Zirbel 37 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico[49] 53.037
(Failure)		 United States Rally Cycling Modified Diamondback Serios time trial bike, fitted with special HED disc wheels[49] and a gearing of 53/13[50] Failed to set new hour record.
Set new American national record, beating Norman Alvis' record of 51.505 km set in 1997.[51]
28 January 2017 Denmark Martin Toft Madsen 31 Ballerup Super Arena, Ballerup, Denmark[52] 52.114
(Failure)		 Denmark BHS–Almeborg Bornholm Argon 18 Electron Pro, Mavic Comete discs, SRM + Fibre-Lyte chain ring, and a gearing of 54/13 Failed to set new hour record. Attempt voided for doping, after Madsen's consumption of a contaminated food supplement.
25 February 2017 Switzerland Marc Dubois Velodrome Suisse, Grenchen, Switzerland 48.337
(Failure)		 Switzerland Team Humard Vélo-Passion RB1213 track bike with double DT Swiss disc wheels Set a new Swiss national record, beating the previous record of 48.255 km held by Micah Gross.[53]
2 July 2017 Poland Wojciech Ziolkowski Arena Pruszków, Pruszkow,Poland 49.470
(Failure)		 Poland Team JF Duet Prinzwear BMC Trackmachine TR01, Mavic Comete disc wheels, Custom Prinzwear TT Suit Set a new Polish national record, beating the previous record of 47.618 km held by Andrzej Bartkiewicz.[54]
7 October 2017 Denmark Mikkel Bjerg 18 Odense Cykelbane, Odense, Denmark[55] 52.311
(Failure)		 Denmark Team Giant–Castelli Giant trinity track bike, Mavic disc wheels Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Danish national record, beating Ole Ritter's record of 48.879 km set in 1974.
11 January 2018 Denmark Martin Toft Madsen 32 Ballerup Super Arena, Ballerup, Denmark[56] 52.324
(Failure)		 Denmark BHS–Almeborg Bornholm Argon 18 Electron Pro, Mavic Comete discs, SRM + Fibre-Lyte chain ring, and a gearing of 54/13 Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Danish national record, beating Mikkel Bjerg's record of 52.311 km set in 2017.
26 July 2018 Denmark Martin Toft Madsen 33 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico[57] 53.630
(Failure)		 Denmark BHS–Almeborg Bornholm Argon 18 Electron Pro, Mavic Comete discs, SRM + Fibre-Lyte chain ring, and a gearing of 54/13 Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Danish national record, beating his own previous record of 52.324 km set in January 2018.[58]
22 August 2018 Netherlands Dion Beukeboom 29 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico[59] 52.757
(Failure)		 Netherlands Vlasman Cycling Team Customized Giant Trinity road frame, with a gearing of 58/14 Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Dutch national record.
4 October 2018 Denmark Mikkel Bjerg 19 Odense Cykelbane, Odense, Denmark[60] 53.730
(Failure)		 United States Hagens Berman Axeon Giant trinity track bike, Mavic disc wheels Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Danish national record, beating Martin Toft Madsen's record of 53.630 km set in July 2018.
16 April 2019 Belgium Victor Campenaerts 27 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico[61] 55.089
(New record)		 Belgium Lotto Soudal Ridley Arena Hour Record bike, 330mm custom handlebars, custom handlebar extensions specifically moulded for Campenaerts' forearms, F-Surface Plus aero paint, Campagnolo drivetrain, full carbon disc Campagnolo Ghibli wheels, C-Bear bottom bracket bearings.[62] Set new hour record
Set new Belgian national record[63]
13 August 2019 Denmark Martin Toft Madsen 34 Odense Cykelbane, Odense, Denmark[64] 53.975
(Failure)		 Denmark BHS–Almeborg Bornholm Failed to set new hour record.
Set new Danish national record, beating Mikkel Bjerg's record of 53.730 km set in October 2018.
6 October 2019 Denmark Mathias Norsgaard 22 Odense Cykelbane, Odense, Denmark[65] 52.061
(Failure)		 Denmark Riwal-Readynez Failed to set new hour record.

Unified hour record attempts (women's)

Former record holder, Evelyn Stevens (pictured in 2009)

The last women's hour record before the unified rule change was set on 1 October 2003 by Leontien van Moorsel, with a distance of 46.065 km (28.623 mi).

In December 2014, it was announced that British Paralympian Sarah Storey would be the first woman to attempt the record following the unified rule change. She attempted the record on 28 February 2015 at Lee Valley Velo Park in London, setting new British, Para-Cycling and Masters Age 35–39 records but missing out on the Elite record with a distance of 45.502 km (28.274 mi).[66]

American Molly Shaffer Van Houweling broke the women's UCI Hour Record, riding a distance of 46.273 km (28.753 mi) on 12 September 2015 in Aguascalientes, Mexico.[67] Van Houweling had set three new US Hour Records in the year prior. The first was set on 15 December 2014, in Carson, California, with a distance of 44.173 km (27.448 mi). The second was set on 25 February 2015, in Aguascalientes, Mexico, with a distance of 45.637 km (28.358 mi). The third was set on 3 July 2015, also in Aguascalientes, Mexico, with a distance of 46.088 km (28.638 mi). This last mark was also the Pan-American and World Masters Age 40–44 record at the time, and exceeded the distance of the UCI hour record of van Moorsel. However, it did not qualify as the UCI Hour Record because Van Houweling had only been enrolled in the athlete biological passport program for three and a half months prior to setting this record. The UCI requires that riders be enrolled in this program for 5–10 months before they are eligible to set this mark.[68][69] From 24 August 2015, Van Houweling was eligible to attempt the UCI Hour Record.[70]

In October 2015, Australian rider Bridie O'Donnell announced her intention to aim for the hour record in January 2016. She broke the record at the Adelaide Super-Drome on 22 January 2016, riding 46.882 km. Her record was broken by American rider Evelyn Stevens in February 2016, who rode 47.980 km, beating O'Donnell's mark by more than a kilometer.

Italian rider Vittoria Bussi, after two unsuccessful attempts on 7 October 2017[71] and on 12 September 2018, broke Stevens' world record by 27 metres riding 48.007 km on 13 September 2018.[72]

Women's UCI hour record attempts and record holders (since the rule revision in 2014)
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
28 February 2015 United Kingdom Sarah Storey 37 Lee Valley VeloPark, London, United Kingdom 45.502
(Failure)		 United Kingdom Revolution Series Ridley Arena Carbon track bike with triathlon bars, Pro rear disc wheel, front disk wheel, Shimano Dura-Ace groupset.[73]
Beat Yvonne McGregor's previous British national record of 43.689 set in April 2002. New C5 Para-record, New Masters Age 35–39 record.[74]
12 September 2015 United States Molly Shaffer Van Houweling 42 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico 46.273
(New record)		 Metromint Cycling Cervelo T4 track bike with double Mavic Comete discwheels, running 56/14 gear ratio.[67][75]
Beat her own national record of 46.088 km set on 3 July 2015, also in Aguascalientes, Mexico.

[67][75]

22 January 2016 Australia Bridie O'Donnell 41 Super-Drome, Adelaide, Australia 46.882
(New record)		 Cervelo T4 track bike.[76]
Set a new World Record, new sea-level World Best and National Record, besting Anna Wilson's former Australian national record of 43.501 km (set on October 18, 2000).[77]
27 February 2016 United States Evelyn Stevens 32 OTC Velodrome, Colorado, United States of America 47.980
(New record)		 Netherlands You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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    United States USA Cycling|| Specialized Shiv modified for the track, SRAM groupset with 53t or 54t chainrings, Zipp 900 front wheel, Zipp Super 9 rear disc, Bioracer skinsuit. ||
    Beat American national record.
    333.3 meter banked cement track at over 1800m in altitude.[78][79][80]
21 July 2017 New Zealand Jaime Nielsen 32 Avantidrome, Cambridge, New Zealand 47.791
(Failure)
Failed to beat the absolute hour record, set a new sea-level world record. Beat New Zealand national record.[81]
7 October 2017 Italy Vittoria Bussi 30 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico 47.576
(Failure)		 Giant Trinity track bike with Walker Brothers double-disc wheels
Failed to beat the hour record.
Beat Italian national record[71][82]
13 September 2018 Italy Vittoria Bussi 31 Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, Aguascalientes, Mexico 48.007
(New record)		 Endura skin suit, HVMN Ketone, and Liv Bike [83]
Failed to beat the hour record one day before, on 12 September 2018, abandoning after 40 minutes.
Beat the hour record by 27 metres the next day, on 13 September 2018.[72]

Statistics

  • The above chart depicts the progression of the men's hour record over time (click to enlarge). Blue markers indicate attempts made under the UCI hour record, orange markers indicate attempts made under the UCI best human effort rules, and green markers indicate attempts made under the unified rules.
    The above chart depicts the progression of the men's hour record over time (click to enlarge). Blue markers indicate attempts made under the UCI hour record, orange markers indicate attempts made under the UCI best human effort rules, and green markers indicate attempts made under the unified rules.
  • The above chart depicts the progression of the women's hour record over time (click to enlarge). Blue markers indicate attempts made under the UCI hour record, orange markers indicate attempts made under the UCI best human effort rules, and green markers indicate attempts made under the unified rules.
    The above chart depicts the progression of the women's hour record over time (click to enlarge). Blue markers indicate attempts made under the UCI hour record, orange markers indicate attempts made under the UCI best human effort rules, and green markers indicate attempts made under the unified rules.

Para-cycling records

The new regulations for the making of accepted hour record attempts were extended to para-cycling in 2016.[84] Although the first attempt on the hour record for women after the amendments to the regulations was made by Paralympian Sarah Storey, it was not a ratified attempt on the women's C5 hour record under the new conditions, which at that point still did not extend to paracycling - albeit that Storey's effort is recognized as a best C5 performance under the new rules, in addition to a British and masters world hour record in able-bodied cycling.

The first attempt on a para-cycling hour record after the new regulations were extended to para-cycling was by Irishman Colin Lynch in the C2 category, bettering the accepted best performance previously set by Laurent Thirionet in 1999 by 2 kilometres, and setting the first 'ratified' para-cycling world hour record. The mark of 43.133 km was achieved on 1 October at the National Cycling Centre in Manchester, Great Britain.[84]

Men's UCI para-cycling hour record

Unified regulations (since 2016)
C1 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
1 December 2018 Germany Michael Teuber 50 Berlin, Germany 42.583
(New record) 		[86]
C2 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
1 October 2016 Republic of Ireland Colin Lynch 45 Manchester Velodrome, England 43.133
(New record)

Women's UCI para-cycling hour record

Unified regulations (since 2016)
C5 Women's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
28 February 2015 United Kingdom Sarah Storey 37 Manchester Velodrome, England 45.502
(New record)

Historical para-cycling hour record

Men's UCI para-cycling hour record – Best Hour Performance & Absolute Hour Record (1991–2016)
C5 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
11 September 1991 France Fransisco Trujillo Bordeaux, France 44.661 Best Hour Performance
13 December 2014 Italy Andrea Tarlao Montichiari, Italy 47.569 Absolute Hour Record
C3 & CP3 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
25 September 1995 United Kingdom Thomas Evans Manchester Velodrome, England 40.070 Best Hour Performance
8 January 2005 United Kingdom Darren Kenny Manchester Velodrome, England 41.817 Best Hour Performance
14 February 2009 United Kingdom Darren Kenny Copenhagen, Denmark 40.516 Absolute Hour Record
C2 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
6 November 1999 France Laurent Thirionet Bordeaux, France 41.031 Best Hour Performance
C1 Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
8 May 2005 Germany Michael Teuber 37 Augsburg, Germany 39.326 Best Hour Performance
Tandem Men's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
11 November 1994 Netherlands Jan Mulder
Netherlands Richard Belmer 		Moscow, Russia 48.696 Best Hour Performance
29 November 1997 France Herve Dechamp
France Guy Rouchouzo 		Bordeaux, France 49.625 Best Hour Performance
Women's UCI para-cycling hour record – Best Hour Performance & Absolute Hour Record (1991–2016)
C5 Women's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
28 February 2015 United Kingdom Sarah Storey Lee Valley VeloPark, England 45.502
Tandem Women's UCI para-cycling hour record holders[85]
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
19 September 2005 Australia Lindy Hou
Toireasa Gallagher 		Sydney, Australia 42.930 Absolute Hour Record

Masters records

Current records by age-group

Age group Male record [87] Distance (KM) Female record [88] Distance (KM)
30–34  Piotr Klin (POL) 49.649  Roxana Islas Garcia (MEX) 41.564
35–39  Gert Fouche (RSA) 51.599  Jane Emans (CAN) 42.425
40–44  Ed Veal (CAN) 48.587  Molly Shaffer Van Houweling (USA) 47.061
45–49  Colby Pearce (USA) 50.2451  Molly Shaffer Van Houweling (USA) 47.080
50–54  Norman Alvis (USA) 49.383  Anna Davis (AUS) 44.427
55–59  Kevin Metcalfe (USA) 49.121  Clemence Ruth (USA) 40.946
60–64  Andrej Žavbi (SLO) 45.732  Elizabeth Heller (USA) 42.194
65–69  Roger Cull (AUS) 44.62  Jan Palchikoff (USA) 40.416
70–74  Scott Hennessy (USA) 43.216  Roi Speed (NZL) 36.581
75–79  Jim Turner (USA) 38.494  Elizabeth Randall (AUS) 36.352
80–84  Giuseppe Marinoni (ITA) 39.004  Patricia Baker (USA) 27.447
85–89  Walter Fowler (GBR) 34.602 No record set
90–95  Carl Grove (USA) 34.498 No record set
96–99  Reg Rye (NZL) 20.886 No record set
100–104  Robert Marchand (FRA) 26.925 No record set
105+  Robert Marchand (FRA) 22.546 No record set

Men's UCI Masters best performances

Best Performances
Age 30–34
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
20 November 2004 United States Curtis Gunn Carson, USA 47.764
(New record) 		[89]
29 July 2017 United Kingdom Ryan Davies Newport, Wales 48.234
(New record) 		[90]
24 September 2017 Canada David Hainish Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 45.325
(Failed) 		Failed to beat the previous hour record. Set a new national record.[91]
21 July 2019 Poland Piotr Klin Pruszkow, Poland 49.649
(New record)
Age 35–39
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
26 April 2009 United States Jayson Austin Sydney, Australia 48.315
(New record) 		[92]
6 October 2015 Belgium Filip Speybrouck 39 Manchester, United Kingdom 48.743
(New record) 		[90]
21 December 2017 New Zealand Rob Scarlett 38 Cambridge, New Zealand 48.922
(New record) 		[93]
22 August 2019 South Africa Gert Fouche 39 Aguascalientes, Mexico 51.599
(New record)
Age 40–44
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
9 February 2013 Australia Jayson Austin 43 Sydney, Australia 48.411
(New record) 		[90]
24 September 2017 Canada Ed Veal Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 48.587
(New record) 		[91]
Age 45–49
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
25 September 1999 United States Kent Bostick Manchester, United Kingdom 49.361
(New record) 		[90]
22 November 2016 Republic of Ireland Greg Swinand USA Olympic velodrome, Colorado Springs 46.895
(Failed) 		Planet X track bike Set a new Irish national hour record, beating the previous record of 46.166 of Tommy Evans - set in 1999 - by 729 metres[94]
20 July 2017 United States Dan Bryant 47 Aguascalientes, Mexico 47.458
(Failed) 		Peet’s Coffee Cycling Team [95]
22 September 2018 United States Colby Pearce 47 Aguascalientes, Mexico 50.245
(New record)
Age 50–54
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
44.890
(New record) 		[96]
10 December 2009 United States Keith Ketterer 53 Home Depot Center velodrome, Carson, United States of America 45.386
(New record) 		[97]
9 October 2012 United Kingdom Charles McCulloch Manchester, United Kingdom 47.960
(New record) 		[98]
4 October 2015 Republic of Ireland John Madden 50 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 45.799
(Failed) 		[98]
6 November 2016 France Pascal Montier 53 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 48.892
(New record) 		[90]
24 September 2017 Canada Michael Nash Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 46.434
(Failed) 		Failed to beat the previous records. Set a new Canadian national record.
6 October 2017 United States Norman Alvis 54 Colorado Springs, United States of America 49.392
(New record) 		Argon 18 Electron Pro, Mavic Comet front and rear disc wheels, 53/13 gearing[99] Set a new US Masters national hour record, beating the previous distance of 48.112 km (also held by Alvis).
17 November 2017 Republic of Ireland Greg Swinand Velódromo Bicentenario, Mexico 48.469
(Failed) 		Planet X track bike Set a new Irish national hour record, beating his own previous record of 46.860 km - set a year earlier in Colorado[100]
29 September 2019 United States Norman Alvis 56 Colorado Springs, United States of America 49.383
(New record)
Age 55–59
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
29 January 2012 United States Keith Ketterer 57 Home Depot Center velodrome, Carson, United States of America 45.019
(New record) 		[97]
19 March 2016 New Zealand Jim McMurray 55 Cambridge, New Zealand 47.733
(New record) 		[90]
20 July 2017 United States Kevin Metcalfe 55 Aguascalientes, Mexico 49.121
(New record) 		Peet’s Coffee Cycling Team [95]
Age 60–64
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
United States Kenny Fuller 61 44.228
(New record) 		[101]
30 September 2015 United Kingdom Robert Gilmour 64 Newport, Wales 44.349
(New record) 		Hounslow & District Wheelers 49x14 gearing with a trispoke front and a rear disc, fitted with track tubulars[90][101]
31 January 2020 Slovenia Andrej Žavbi 60 Arena Pruszków, Pruszków, Poland 45.732
(New record) 		Alenka Žavbi Kunaver S WORKS SHIV TT bike, VISION METRON track disk, BERK DILA seddle Chainring 56, Track Cog 14
Age 65–69
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
11 October 2012 Netherlands Jim Brander 65 Manchester Velodrome, Manchester, United Kingdom 43.742
(New record) 		[89]
26 October 2016 United Kingdom Robert Gilmour 65 Newport, Wales 44.271
(New record) 		Hounslow & District Wheelers [90]
23 February 2020 Australia Roger Cull 66 Dunc Gray Velodrome, Sydney, Australia 44.62
(New record) 		[102]
Age 70–74
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
14 September 2014 United Kingdom Mike Cotgreave 70 Newport, Wales 41.227
(New record) 		[90]
15 July 2017 United States Scott Hennessy 70 Aguascalientes, Mexico 43.216
(New record) 		[93]
Age 75–79
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
33.000
(New record) 		[103]
October 2012 Italy Giuseppe Marinoni 75 Montichiari Velodrome, Montichiari, Italy 35.728
(New record) 		[103]
29 July 2014 United States Jim Turner 75 Aguascalientes, Mexico 38.494
(New record) 		[90]
Age 80–84
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
2014 United Kingdom Sidney Schuman 84 Lee Valey Velodrome, London, United Kingdom 28.388
(New record) 		London Cycling Campaign Condor track bike [104]
October 2015 New Zealand Peter Grandiek SIT Velodrome, Southland, New Zealand 29.187
(New record) 		[103][105][106]
29 October 2015 United Kingdom Walter Fowler 81 Newport Velodrome, Newport, United Kingdom 35.772
(New record) 		Stourbridge Cycling Club [103][105][107]
25 June 2016 France Paul Martinez 82 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 38.657
(New record) 		[90]
20 August 2017 Italy Giuseppe Marinoni Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 38.334
(Failed) 		Marinoni bike, 53/14 gearing [108]
24 September 2017 Italy Giuseppe Marinoni Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 39.004
(New record) 		Marinoni bike, 53/14 gearing [91]
Age 85–89
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
8 October 2016 France Gilbert Douillard 87 Bordeaux, France 34.095
(New record) 		[93]
22 September 2019 United Kingdom Walter Fowler 85 Newport Velodrome, Newport, United Kingdom 34.602
(New record) 		Stourbridge Cycling Club [109]
Age 90–94
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
23 October 2017 France René Gaillard 90 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 29.278
(New record) 		Cyclosport Club de Vesoul [110]
6 August 2019 United States Carl Grove 91 Colorado Springs, United States of America 34.498
(New record) 		[111]
Age 96–99
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
27 April 2019 New Zealand Reg Rye 96 Cambridge, New Zealand 20.886
(New record) 		Avantidrome Velodrome [112]
Age 100–104
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
1 February 2012 France Robert Marchand 101 Aigle, Switzerland 24.250
(New record) 		[113]
31 October 2014 France Robert Marchand 103 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 26.925
(New record) 		[90]
Age 105+
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
4 January 2017 France Robert Marchand 105 Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France 22.546
(New record) 		[90]

Women's UCI Masters best performances

Best Performances [88]
Age 30–34
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
6 April 2012 Mexico Roxana Islas Garcia 30 Aguascalientes, Mexico 41.564
(New record) 		[114]
Age 35–39
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
2000 United States Jacqui Lockwood Manchester, United Kingdom 40.7556
(New record) 		[115][116]
14 March 2015 South Africa Adelia Reynek 38 Dunc Gray Velodrome, Sydney, Australia 41.386
(New record) 		Midland Cycle Club [115]
14 May 2016 United Kingdom Clarice Chung 35 Newport, United Kingdom 42.116
(New record) 		SSLL Racing Team Cervelo T4 track bike, Zipp disc wheels[117] [114]
24 September 2017 Canada Jane Emans Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 42.425
(New record) 		[118]
Age 40–44
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
3 July 2015 United States Molly Shaffer Van Houweling 42 Aguascalientes, Mexico 46.088
(New record) 		Metromint Cycling Cervelo T4 track bike with double Mavic Comete discwheels, running 56/14 gear ratio. [67][75]
14 July 2017 United States Molly Shaffer Van Houweling 44 Aguascalientes, Mexico 47.061
(New record) 		[114]
Age 45–49
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
10 September 2006 United States Lilian Pfluke Manchester, United Kingdom 41.2397
(New record) 		[118][119]
24 September 2017 Canada Jody Levine Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 38.156
(Failure)
24 September 2018 United States Molly Shaffer Van Houweling 46 Aguascalientes, Mexico 46.897
(New record) 		[88]
19 August 2019 United States Molly Shaffer Van Houweling 47 Aguascalientes, Mexico 47.080
(New record) 		[88]
Age 50–54
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
19 March 2011 Italy Patrizia Spadaccini 51 Montichiari, Italy 39.402
(New record) 		[114]
26 March 2017 Australia Anna Davis 52 Melbourne, Australia 43.206
(New record) 		[118]
24 September 2017 Canada Bryn Currie Mattamy National Cycling Centre, Milton, Canada 40.366
(Failed) 		Failed to beat the previous record. Set a new national record.[91]
9 March 2018 Australia Anna Davis 53 Melbourne, Australia 44.427
(New record) 		[88]
Age 55–59
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
31 October 2014 United States Clemence Ruth 55 Carson, United States 40.946
(New record) 		[114]
Age 60–64
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
31 October 2014 United States Jan Palchikoff 63 Carson, United States of America 41.116
(New record) 		[114]
Age 65–69
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
1 March 2010 Australia Elizabeth Randall 65 Melbourne, Australia 37.214
(New record) 		[114]
28 September 2017 United States Jan Palchikoff 66 Carson, United States of America 40.416
(New record) 		[118]
Age 70–74
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
20 October 2018  Roi Speed (NZL) 72 Cambridge, New Zealand 36.581
(New record) 		[88]
Age 75–79
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
31 October 2014 United States Patricia Baker (cyclist) 75 Carson, United States of America 27.894
(New record) 		[114]
10 February 2019 Australia Elizabeth Randall 75 Melbourne, Australia 36.352
(New record) 		[88]
Age 80–84
Date Rider Age Velodrome Distance (km) Supported by Equipment Notes
1 September 2019 United States Patricia Baker (cyclist) 80 Carson, United States of America 27.447
(New record) 		[120]

Notes

  1. ^ Hutchinson, Michael (2007). The Hour. ISBN 9780224075206. (Michael Hutchinson. p. 119-120) It is reported that as professionals, Egg and Berthet ensured not to beat the record by too much of a distance, enabling them both to continue to repeatedly break the record and receive lucrative appearance fees
  2. ^ Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill (2011-10-16). The Historical Dictionary of Cycling. ISBN 9780810871755. (Jeroen Heijmans, Bill Mallon) lists three further records after Dodds but before Herbert Cortis. Listed only by surname, 1877, Shopee in Cambridge, 26.960, 1878, Weir, in Oxford, 28.542 and Christie, in 1879, 30.374, also in Oxford.
  3. ^ "Berthet/Egg Hour Record". Oscar Egg's original distance was recorded at 42.122 km. In July 1913 Richard Weise beat this mark, but following protest from Egg the Buffalo track was re-measured and his result changed to 42.360 km, cancelling out Weise's record
  4. ^ "The history of the recumbent bicycle". On 7 July 1933 Francis Faure rode 45.055 km on a "Velocar" beating Egg's record. This led to the UCI imposing rules regarding bicycle dimensions on 1 April 1934 and Faure's record was moved into a new category, "Records Set By Human Powered Vehicles (HPV's) without Special Aerodynamic Features"
  5. ^ Howard, Paul (2008). Sex Lies and Handlebar tape, p237-239. ISBN 9781845963019. (Paul Howard) Anquetil set a record time in 1967 of 47.493 km but the record was never ratified by the UCI following Anquetil's refusal to take a post race doping control, and on 13 October the UCI voted not to allow the record.

References

  1. ^ Mallon, Jeroen Heijmans, Bill (2011-09-09). Historical dictionary of cycling. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8108-7369-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill (2011-10-16). Historical Dictionary of Cycling. p. 381. ISBN 9780810871755.
  3. ^ "Hour Record: The tangled history of an iconic feat - Cycling Weekly". Cycling Weekly. 2015-04-15. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  4. ^ Cycling 26 November 1987
  5. ^ Revolutionary Times – The Birth of the Women’s Hour Record - SB Nation's Podium Café, Feargal McKay, 11 September 2018
  6. ^ Radio Marconi, Article on Alfonsina Strada
  7. ^ "March 25 down the years". ESPN.co.uk. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  8. ^ a b c d e Clemitson, Suze (19 September 2014). "Why Jens Voigt and a new group of cyclists want to break the Hour record". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  9. ^ Stephen Farrand. "Gallery: Francesco Moser's hour record". Cyclingnews.com.
  10. ^ a b c "Chronic of the Hour Record". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  11. ^ a b c "World Hour Records". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  12. ^ a b "Women Elite - World Records" (PDF). UCI.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 June 2019.
  13. ^ "Maria Cressari".
  14. ^ "Keetie Van Ooosten breaks hour record". pzc.
  15. ^ "Van Ooosten breaks hour record". pzc.
  16. ^ "Leontien van Moorsel breaks hour record". pzc.
  17. ^ "Bike Cult — Sports Records". bikecult.
  18. ^ "Hour Record rule change — Athlete's hour to be scrapped". Cycling Weekly. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
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  25. ^ CyclingTips (2015-01-07). "Dekker to bid for world hour record at altitude in Mexico at end of February". cyclingtips.com.au.
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  29. ^ "Victor Campenaerts sets new UCI Hour Record". 2019-04-16.
  30. ^ "Hour Record". www.trekbikes.com.
  31. ^ "Voigt: I can't ask for a better goodbye". Cyclingnews.com. Future plc. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
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  36. ^ "Bike Cult Book: Online Resource: World Hour Records". bikecult.com.
  37. ^ "UCI Hour Record: Thomas Dekker's Koga TeeTeeTrack bike with 58x14 gearing". road.cc. 2015-02-25.
  38. ^ Cycling News. "Dekker on track for Hour Record attempt". Cyclingnews.com.
  39. ^ Cycling News. "Gustav Larsson to attempt Hour Record at Revolution Series". Cyclingnews.com.
  40. ^ Gustav Larsson UCI Hour Record attempt. FACE Partnership. 14 March 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  41. ^ "Alex Dowsett announces new Hour Record date". Cycling Weekly. 31 March 2015.
  42. ^ "Alex Dowsett's Canyon Speedmax WHR (Video)". Cycling Weekly. 30 April 2015.
  43. ^ Tom Ballard / Immediate Media. "Pro bike: Alex Dowsett's Canyon Speedmax WHR". Cyclingnews.com.
  44. ^ "Wiggins schedules hour record attempt for June 7". VeloNews.com. 2015-04-15.
  45. ^ Cycling News. "Bradley Wiggins' Pinarello Bolide HR – First glimpse of Hour Record bike". Cyclingnews.com.
  46. ^ Cycling News. "Bradley Wiggins' Pinarello Bolide HR". Cyclingnews.com.
  47. ^ Velodrome, Luke Brown and John MacLeary at Lee Valley (7 June 2015). "Sir Bradley Wiggins hour record attempt: as it happened" – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  48. ^ "Micah Gross établit un nouveau record suisse de l'heure - Swiss Cycling". www.swiss-cycling.ch.
  49. ^ a b "Zirbel to make Hour Record attempt this week - Cyclingnews.com".
  50. ^ "Tom Zirbel's Hour Record Diamondback Serios - Gallery - Cyclingnews.com".
  51. ^ "Zirbel sets new US Hour Record". cyclingnews.com. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  52. ^ Feltet.dk. "Martin Toft Madsen satte timerekord Feltet.dk". www.feltet.dk.
  53. ^ "New Swiss record of the hour for Marc Dubois - Humard Automation SA". www.humard.com. 2017-02-27.
  54. ^ "New Polish record of the hour for Wojciech Ziolkowski".
  55. ^ "Dansk stortalent slår timerekord". 7 October 2017.
  56. ^ "Ny dansk timerekord til Martin Toft Madsen". 11 January 2018.
  57. ^ "Timerekord i Mexico: Mail bekræfter Toft-forsøg". 30 June 2018.
  58. ^ "Record de l'Heure : Martin Toft Madsen échoue". Direct Velo. 26 July 2018.
  59. ^ "Three riders to make UCI Hour Record timed by TISSOT attempts this summer". UCI. 10 July 2018.
  60. ^ "Stortalent sætter dansk timerekord". 4 October 2018.
  61. ^ "Campenaerts to attack Wiggins' Hour Record in April".
  62. ^ "Victor Campenaerts' Ridley Arena TT Hour Record - Gallery".
  63. ^ "Victor Campenaerts sets new UCI Hour Record". 2019-04-16.
  64. ^ "Martin Toft Madsen slår den danske timerekord". 13 August 2019.
  65. ^ "Ingen dansk timerekord til Mathias Norsgaard". feltet.dk. 6 October 2019.
  66. ^ "Britain's Sarah Storey to tackle women's hour record". VeloNews.com. 2014-12-16.
  67. ^ a b c d "Molly Shaffer Van Houweling makes history with new women's UCI Hour Record". www.uci.ch. Archived from the original on 2015-09-14.
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