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Málaga (Congress of Deputies constituency)

Coordinates: 36°43′N 4°25′W / 36.717°N 4.417°W / 36.717; -4.417
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For the Parliament of Andalusia constituency, see Málaga (Parliament of Andalusia constituency). For the Senate constituency, see Málaga (Senate constituency).
Málaga
Congress of Deputies
Electoral constituency
Location of Málaga within Spain
ProvinceMálaga
Autonomous communityAndalusia
Population1,661,785 (2019)[1]
Electorate1,197,688 (Nov 2019)
Major settlementsMálaga, Marbella, Vélez-Málaga, Mijas, Fuengirola, Torremolinos, Benalmádena, Estepona
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats8 (1977–1986)
9 (1986–1989)
10 (1989–2015)
11 (2015–present)
Member(s)
  •   PSOE (4)
  •   PP (3)
  •   Vox (2)
  •   UP (1)
  •   Cs (1)

Málaga is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects 11 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Málaga. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[3]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[4] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.[3][5][6] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[5][6]

Deputies

Deputies 1977–present
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
style="background:Template:Communist Party of Spain/meta/color; width:12.50%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 4 style="background:Template:Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)/meta/color; width:37.50%; color:white;"| 3
1st 1979
style="background:Template:Communist Party of Spain/meta/color; width:12.50%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color; width:12.50%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:37.50%; color:white;"| 3 style="background:Template:Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)/meta/color; width:37.50%; color:white;"| 3
2nd 1982
style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:75.00%; color:white;"| 6 style="background:Template:People's Alliance (Spain)/meta/color; width:25.00%; color:white;"| 2
3rd 1986
style="background:Template:United Left (Spain)/meta/color; width:11.11%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:66.67%; color:white;"| 6 style="background:Template:People's Coalition (Spain)/meta/color; width:22.22%; color:white;"| 2
4th 1989
style="background:Template:United Left (Spain)/meta/color; width:10.00%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:70.00%; color:white;"| 7 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:20.00%; color:white;"| 2
5th 1993
style="background:Template:United Left (Spain)/meta/color; width:10.00%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:60.00%; color:white;"| 6 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:30.00%; color:white;"| 3
6th 1996
style="background:Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color; width:10.00%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 5 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:40.00%; color:white;"| 4
7th 2000
style="background:Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color; width:10.00%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:40.00%; color:white;"| 4 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 5
8th 2004
style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:60.00%; color:white;"| 6 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:40.00%; color:white;"| 4
9th 2008
style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 5 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 5
10th 2011
style="background:Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color; width:10.00%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:30.00%; color:white;"| 3 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:60.00%; color:white;"| 6
11th 2015
style="background:Template:Podemos (Spanish political party)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:27.27%; color:white;"| 3 style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:36.36%; color:white;"| 4
12th 2016
style="background:Template:Unidos Podemos/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:27.27%; color:white;"| 3 style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:36.36%; color:white;"| 4
13th 2019 (Apr)
style="background:Template:Unidas Podemos/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:36.36%; color:white;"| 4 style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2 style="background:Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color; width:9.09%; color:white;"| 1
14th 2019 (Nov)
style="background:Template:Unidas Podemos/meta/color; width:9.09%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; width:36.36%; color:white;"| 4 style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color; width:9.09%; color:white;"| 1 style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; width:27.27%; color:white;"| 3 style="background:Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color; width:18.18%; color:white;"| 2

Elections

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 226,831 29.98 –0.86 4 ±0
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 163,177 21.56 +3.86 3 +1
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox) 162,280 21.45 +7.47 2 +1
bgcolor="Template:Unidas Podemos/meta/color"| United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA) 97,801 12.92 –1.59 1 –1
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 66,995 8.85 –10.65 1 –1
bgcolor="Template:Más País/meta/color"| More Country–Andalusia (Más País–Andalucía) 14,112 1.86 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 11,089 1.47 –0.38 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalucía por Sí/meta/color"| Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 1,686 0.22 +0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Communist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 1,265 0.17 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Zero Cuts/meta/color"| Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,261 0.17 –0.05 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:For a Fairer World/meta/color"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 904 0.12 –0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian Party (PCPA) 581 0.08 –0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Workers of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 381 0.05 –0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,358 1.10 +0.21
Total 756,721 11 ±0
Valid votes 756,721 98.68 –0.16
Invalid votes 10,098 1.32 +0.16
Votes cast / turnout 766,819 64.02 –5.32
Abstentions 430,869 35.98 +5.32
Registered voters 1,197,688
Sources[8]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 251,908 30.84 +3.80 4 +1
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 159,316 19.50 +3.22 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 144,562 17.70 –16.67 2 –2
bgcolor="Template:Unidas Podemos/meta/color"| United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA–Equo) 118,537 14.51 –4.40 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox) 114,199 13.98 +13.74 1 +1
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 15,122 1.85 +0.30 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Zero Cuts/meta/color"| Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,769 0.22 +0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalucía por Sí/meta/color"| Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 1,655 0.20 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:For a Fairer World/meta/color"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,046 0.13 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian Party (PCPA) 835 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Workers of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 631 0.08 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 7,288 0.89 +0.06
Total 816,868 11 ±0
Valid votes 816,868 98.84 –0.20
Invalid votes 9,606 1.16 +0.20
Votes cast / turnout 826,474 69.34 +4.71
Abstentions 365,367 30.66 –4.71
Registered voters 1,191,841
Sources[9]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 256,033 34.37 +5.43 4 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 201,444 27.04 +0.14 3 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Unidos Podemos/meta/color"| United We Can for Andalusia (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 140,829 18.91 –5.01 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 121,294 16.28 –0.79 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 11,523 1.55 +0.41 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Union, Progress and Democracy/meta/color"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,832 0.25 –0.33 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox) 1,770 0.24 +0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Zero Cuts/meta/color"| Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,461 0.20 +0.07 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:We Are Andalusians Party/meta/color"| We Are Andalusians Party, For Andalusia and the Peoples (AND) 1,121 0.15 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 983 0.13 ±0.00 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Revolutionary Anticapitalist Left/meta/color"| Revolutionary Anticapitalist Left (IZAR) 390 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,178 0.83 +0.09
Total 744,858 11 ±0
Valid votes 744,858 99.04 –0.12
Invalid votes 7,228 0.96 +0.12
Votes cast / turnout 752,086 64.63 –2.87
Abstentions 411,571 35.37 +2.87
Registered voters 1,163,657
Sources[10]

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 224,745 28.94 –20.72 4 –2
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 208,896 26.90 –4.69 3 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Podemos (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| We Can (Podemos) 132,980 17.12 New 2 +2
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 132,586 17.07 New 2 +2
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Popular Unity (IULV–CA–UPeC) 52,772 6.80 –2.22 0 –1
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 8,886 1.14 +0.74 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Union, Progress and Democracy/meta/color"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4,522 0.58 –5.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox) 1,817 0.23 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 1,029 0.13 –0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Zero Cuts/meta/color"| Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 974 0.13 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Málaga for Yes/meta/color"| Málaga for Yes (mlgXSÍ) 934 0.12 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Soluciona/meta/color"| To Solution (Soluciona) 409 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Libertarian Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 290 0.04 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,724 0.74 –0.42
Total 776,564 11 +1
Valid votes 776,564 99.16 +0.10
Invalid votes 6,594 0.84 –0.10
Votes cast / turnout 783,158 67.50 +2.38
Abstentions 377,058 32.50 –2.38
Registered voters 1,160,216
Sources[11]

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 357,578 49.66 +6.70 6 +1
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 227,463 31.59 –15.39 3 –2
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia: Plural Left (IULV–CA) 64,969 9.02 +3.95 1 +1
bgcolor="Template:Union, Progress and Democracy/meta/color"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 40,407 5.61 +4.65 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA)1 7,442 1.03 –0.43 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Equo/meta/color"| Equo (Equo) 5,369 0.75 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,903 0.40 +0.23 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Blank Seats/meta/color"| Blank Seats (EB) 1,996 0.28 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 1,108 0.15 +0.06 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Citizens' Action for Málaga/meta/color"| Citizens' Action for Málaga (ACIMA) 966 0.13 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 756 0.10 +0.06 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Unification of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 383 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management/meta/color"| Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 341 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,350 1.16 +0.11
Total 720,031 10 ±0
Valid votes 720,031 99.06 –0.35
Invalid votes 6,834 0.94 +0.35
Votes cast / turnout 726,865 65.12 –6.23
Abstentions 389,411 34.88 +6.23
Registered voters 1,116,276
Sources[12]

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 359,046 46.98 –2.79 5 –1
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 328,314 42.96 +6.55 5 +1
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Alternative (IULV–CA) 38,716 5.07 –1.31 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Coalition/meta/color"| Andalusian Coalition (CA)1 11,177 1.46 –3.30 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Union, Progress and Democracy/meta/color"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 7,327 0.96 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Confederation of the Greens/meta/color"| The Greens (Verdes) 3,251 0.43 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,308 0.17 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 1,224 0.16 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Cannabis Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Navarrese Cannabis Representation (RCN/NOK) 1,155 0.15 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Social Democratic Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Social Democratic Party (PSD) 977 0.13 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 702 0.09 +0.09 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:For a Fairer World/meta/color"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 641 0.08 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:National Democracy (Spain)/meta/color"| National Democracy (DN) 346 0.05 +0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Family and Life Party/meta/color"| Family and Life Party (PFyV) 331 0.04 –0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 326 0.04 –0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 318 0.04 –0.06 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:National Alliance (Spain)/meta/color"| National Alliance (AN) 272 0.04 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spain 2000/meta/color"| Spain 2000 (E–2000) 257 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Auténtica/meta/color"| Authentic Phalanx (FA) 208 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Alternative/meta/color"| Spanish Alternative (AES) 195 0.03 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Front/meta/color"| Spanish Front (Frente) 177 0.02 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,052 1.05 –0.71
Total 764,320 10 ±0
Valid votes 764,320 99.41 –0.05
Invalid votes 4,557 0.59 +0.05
Votes cast / turnout 768,877 71.35 –0.55
Abstentions 308,673 28.65 +0.55
Registered voters 1,077,550
Sources[13]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 367,758 49.77 +10.71 6 +2
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 269,063 36.41 –7.06 4 –1
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 47,182 6.38 –1.74 0 –1
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA) 32,368 4.38 –0.79 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Socialist Party of Andalusia (2001)/meta/color"| Socialist Party of Andalusia (PSA) 2,793 0.38 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Citizens for Blank Votes/meta/color"| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 905 0.12 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 774 0.10 –0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Republican Left (Spain, 1977)/meta/color"| Republican Left (IR) 670 0.09 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusia Assembly/meta/color"| Andalusia Assembly (A) 603 0.08 –0.02 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 586 0.08 +0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Family and Life Party/meta/color"| Family and Life Party (PFyV) 510 0.07 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Democratic Party/meta/color"| Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 460 0.06 +0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Christian Positivist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Christian Positivist Party (PPCr) 392 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 340 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:National Democracy (Spain)/meta/color"| National Democracy (DN) 319 0.04 New 0 ±0
National Union (UN) 318 0.04 –0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:La Falange (1999)/meta/color"| The Phalanx (FE) 270 0.04 –0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spain 2000/meta/color"| Spain 2000 (E–2000) 227 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Auténtica/meta/color"| Authentic Phalanx (FA) 220 0.03 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Republican Social Movement/meta/color"| Republican Social Movement (MSR) 196 0.03 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 0 0.00 –0.20 0 ±0
Blank ballots 13,022 1.76 +0.34
Total 738,976 10 ±0
Valid votes 738,976 99.46 +0.20
Invalid votes 4,020 0.54 –0.20
Votes cast / turnout 742,996 71.90 +6.88
Abstentions 290,413 28.10 –6.88
Registered voters 1,033,409
Sources[14]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 282,229 43.47 +4.97 5 +1
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party–Progressives (PSOE–p) 253,630 39.06 –2.98 4 –1
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 52,723 8.12 –7.04 1 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA) 33,566 5.17 +2.47 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Independent Group/meta/color"| Liberal Independent Group (GIL) 10,570 1.63 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Left/meta/color"| Andalusian Left (IA) 1,599 0.25 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 1,292 0.20 +0.08 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 780 0.12 +0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Nation/meta/color"| Andalusian Nation (NA) 721 0.11 +0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusia Assembly/meta/color"| Andalusia Assembly (A) 666 0.10 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Natural Law Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Natural Law Party (PLN) 482 0.07 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:La Falange (1999)/meta/color"| The Phalanx (FE) 479 0.07 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS) 441 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0
National Union (UN) 314 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Democratic Party/meta/color"| Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 300 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spain 2000/meta/color"| Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000) 243 0.04 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 9,250 1.42 +0.45
Total 649,285 10 ±0
Valid votes 649,285 99.26 –0.15
Invalid votes 4,814 0.74 +0.15
Votes cast / turnout 654,099 65.02 –9.83
Abstentions 351,930 34.98 +9.83
Registered voters 1,006,029
Sources[15]

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 288,165 42.04 –5.96 5 –1
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 263,920 38.50 +7.49 4 +1
bgcolor="Template:United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 103,930 15.16 +1.06 1 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA)1 18,492 2.70 +0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española Auténtica/meta/color"| Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA) 985 0.14 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 792 0.12 +0.03 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Nation/meta/color"| Andalusian Nation (NA) 686 0.10 New 0 ±0
Democratic Andalusian Unity (UAD) 627 0.09 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 624 0.09 +0.06 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Centrist Union (UC) 589 0.09 –0.84 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,666 0.97 +0.48
Total 685,476 10 ±0
Valid votes 685,476 99.41 –0.06
Invalid votes 4,062 0.59 +0.06
Votes cast / turnout 689,538 74.85 +1.80
Abstentions 231,700 25.15 –1.80
Registered voters 921,238
Sources[16]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 304,745 48.00 –3.58 6 –1
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) 196,911 31.01 +11.54 3 +1
bgcolor="Template:United Left–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left–Assembly for Andalusia (IU–CA) 89,498 14.10 +0.47 1 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA) 12,548 1.98 –3.16 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Independent Group/meta/color"| Liberal Independent Group (GIL) 8,004 1.26 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 5,911 0.93 –4.64 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Confederation of the Greens/meta/color"| The Greens of Andalusia (Verdes) 4,976 0.78 +0.04 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Progress Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Progress Party (PAP) 4,403 0.69 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:The Ecologist Greens (Spain)/meta/color"| The Ecologists (LE) 2,069 0.33 –0.60 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Ruiz-Mateos Group/meta/color"| Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 915 0.14 –1.19 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 591 0.09 –0.07 0 ±0
Health and Ecology in Solidarity (SEES) 578 0.09 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 444 0.07 –0.07 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 215 0.03 –0.04 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Unification of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,093 0.49 +0.08
Total 634,901 10 ±0
Valid votes 634,901 99.47 +0.13
Invalid votes 3,366 0.53 –0.13
Votes cast / turnout 638,267 73.05 +7.50
Abstentions 235,510 26.95 –7.50
Registered voters 873,777
Sources[17]

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 263,147 51.58 –5.79 7 +1
bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP)1 99,352 19.47 –2.42 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:United Left–Assembly for Andalusia/meta/color"| United Left–Assembly for Andalusia (IU–CA) 69,522 13.63 +4.64 1 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 28,434 5.57 –0.46 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA) 26,201 5.14 +2.74 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Ruiz-Mateos Group/meta/color"| Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 6,783 1.33 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:The Ecologist Greens (Spain)/meta/color"| The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 4,739 0.93 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Green List (Spain)/meta/color"| The Greens–Green List (LV–LV) 3,790 0.74 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Workers' Socialist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,987 0.39 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity/meta/color"| Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2 1,652 0.32 –0.51 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 827 0.16 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 722 0.14 –0.05 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH) 351 0.07 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Alliance for the Republic (Spain)/meta/color"| Alliance for the Republic (AxR) 285 0.06 New 0 ±0
Centrist Unity–Democratic Spanish Party (PED) 253 0.05 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (historical)/meta/color"| Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))3 0 0.00 –0.18 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,107 0.41 –0.10
Total 510,152 10 +1
Valid votes 510,152 99.34 +0.94
Invalid votes 3,405 0.66 –0.94
Votes cast / turnout 513,557 65.55 –1.45
Abstentions 269,912 34.45 +1.45
Registered voters 783,469
Sources[18]

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 284,757 57.37 –4.62 6 ±0
bgcolor="Template:People's Coalition (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1 108,640 21.89 –1.40 2 ±0
bgcolor="Template:United Left (Spain)/meta/color"| United Left (IU)2 44,595 8.99 +3.69 1 +1
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 29,925 6.03 +4.53 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Andalusian Party (PA) 11,933 2.40 +0.08 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Reformist Party/meta/color"| Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 4,438 0.89 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communists' Unity Board/meta/color"| Communists' Unity Board (MUC) 4,097 0.83 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Socialist Party of the Andalusian People/meta/color"| Socialist Party of the Andalusian People (PSPA) 2,589 0.52 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 964 0.19 +0.19 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Unification of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 957 0.19 +0.12 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Republican Popular Unity/meta/color"| Republican Popular Unity (UPR)3 894 0.18 +0.12 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Party of the Communists of Catalonia/meta/color"| Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,531 0.51 +0.23
Total 496,320 9 +1
Valid votes 496,320 98.40 –0.52
Invalid votes 8,058 1.60 +0.52
Votes cast / turnout 504,378 67.00 –7.67
Abstentions 248,453 33.00 +7.67
Registered voters 752,831
Sources[19]

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSA–PSOE) 315,092 61.99 +26.05 6 +3
bgcolor="Template:People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party/meta/color"| People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP–PDP)1 118,369 23.29 +19.34 2 +2
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of Andalusia/meta/color"| Communist Party of Andalusia (PCA–PCE) 26,935 5.30 –7.54 0 –1
bgcolor="Template:Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 19,435 3.82 –25.27 0 –3
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA) 11,770 2.32 –9.67 0 –1
bgcolor="Template:Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 7,637 1.50 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Workers' Socialist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 2,420 0.48 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Communist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 1,333 0.26 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:New Force (Spain)/meta/color"| New Force (FN)2 1,298 0.26 –1.52 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Solidarity/meta/color"| Spanish Solidarity (SE) 929 0.18 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Unified Communist Party of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC)3 509 0.10 –0.18 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Unification of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 331 0.07 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (historical)/meta/color"| Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 323 0.06 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falangist Movement of Spain/meta/color"| Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE) 315 0.06 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Movement (Spain)/meta/color"| Communist Movement of Andalusia (MCA) 66 0.01 –0.33 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Workers League (Spain)/meta/color"| Communist League–Internationalist Socialist Workers' Coalition (LC (COSI)) 55 0.01 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 22 0.00 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Revolutionary Communist League (Spain)/meta/color"| Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 20 0.00 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Socialist Action Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Socialist Party (PS)4 0 0.00 –1.12 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,401 0.28 +0.07
Total 508,260 8 ±0
Valid votes 508,260 98.92 +0.35
Invalid votes 5,541 1.08 –0.35
Votes cast / turnout 513,801 74.67 +10.37
Abstentions 174,290 25.33 –10.37
Registered voters 688,091
Sources[20]

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 148,497 35.94 –11.76 3 –1
bgcolor="Template:Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 120,201 29.09 +2.53 3 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 53,036 12.84 +1.11 1 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Andalusian Party/meta/color"| Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA) 49,552 11.99 New 1 +1
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Coalition (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic Coalition (CD)2 16,304 3.95 –4.07 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:National Union (Spain)/meta/color"| National Union (UN) 7,338 1.78 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Party of Labour of Spain/meta/color"| Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)3 6,948 1.68 +0.50 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Socialist Action Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)4 4,628 1.12 +0.77 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Movement (Spain)/meta/color"| Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC)5 1,408 0.34 +0.29 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Workers' Communist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Workers' Communist Party (PCT) 1,174 0.28 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Republican Left (Spain, 1977)/meta/color"| Republican Left (IR) 953 0.23 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag)/meta/color"| Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR) 932 0.23 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Workers' Revolutionary Organization (Spain)/meta/color"| Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT) 605 0.15 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Template:Carlist Party (1970)/meta/color"| Carlist Party (PC) 466 0.11 New 0 ±0
Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE) 260 0.06 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 877 0.21 ±0.00
Total 413,179 8 ±0
Valid votes 413,179 98.57 –0.06
Invalid votes 5,978 1.43 +0.06
Votes cast / turnout 419,157 64.30 –13.06
Abstentions 232,719 35.70 +13.06
Registered voters 651,876
Sources[21]

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Málaga
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 185,095 42.60 n/a 4 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)/meta/color"| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 115,390 26.56 n/a 3 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 50,990 11.73 n/a 1 n/a
bgcolor="Template:People's Alliance (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Alliance (AP) 34,838 8.02 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:People's Socialist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity (PSP–US) 22,144 5.10 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Social Reform/meta/color"| Spanish Social Reform (RSE) 7,049 1.62 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Left Front (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic Left Front (FDI) 5,106 1.18 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Christian Democracy Federation–Christian Democracy Team/meta/color"| Federation of Christian Democracy (FPD–ID) 3,942 0.91 n/a 0 n/a
Andalusian Socialist Movement (MSA) 3,245 0.75 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Socialist Alliance (Spain)/meta/color"| Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 1,536 0.35 n/a 0 n/a
Small Business Independent Candidates (CIPYE) 1,480 0.34 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Falange Española de las JONS (Auténtica)/meta/color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 1,444 0.33 n/a 0 n/a
National Association for the Study of Current Problems (ANEPA–CP) 1,124 0.26 n/a 0 n/a
bgcolor="Template:Left Andalusian Bloc/meta/color"| Left Andalusian Bloc (BAI) 226 0.05 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots 912 0.21 n/a
Total 434,521 8 n/a
Valid votes 434,521 98.63 n/a
Invalid votes 6,053 1.37 n/a
Votes cast / turnout 440,574 77.36 n/a
Abstentions 128,961 22.64 n/a
Registered voters 569,535
Sources[22]

References

  1. ^ "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. ^ Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Law 1) (in Spanish). 4 January 1977. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  3. ^ a b Constitución Española. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). 29 December 1978. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  4. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  5. ^ a b Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  6. ^ a b Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  7. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2019. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  9. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. April 2019. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  10. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 2016. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. December 2015. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  12. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2011. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  13. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2008. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2004. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  15. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2000. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  16. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1996. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  17. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1993. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  18. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1989. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  19. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1986. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1982. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  21. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1979. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  22. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1977. Málaga". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.

36°43′N 4°25′W / 36.717°N 4.417°W / 36.717; -4.417

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