Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms)

Not to be confused with the Dai Commanderies in Northern Yan and Northern Wei during the same period or with other states named Dai in Chinese history.

Dai 代
310–376
China in 350 CE. Dai is visible at the top of the map.
Status	Vassal of Jin Dynasty, Later Zhao, Former Yan, Former Qin
Capital	Shengle
Government	Monarchy
Prince
• 310–316	Tuoba Yilu
• 338–376	Tuoba Shiyijian
History
• Established	310
• Status upgraded from dukedom to principality	315
• Disestablished	376
Preceded by Succeeded by Jin Dynasty (265–420) Former Qin
Today part of	China Mongolia

Dai
Traditional Chinese	代國
Simplified Chinese	代国
Literal meaning	State of Dai Kingdom of Dai
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Dàiguó Wade–Giles Tai-kuo

Dai, also formerly spelled Tai, was a state of the Xianbei clan of Tuoba, during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. It existed from AD 310 to 376, with its capital at Shengle (盛樂) (near modern Horinger County of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia).

The name "Dai" originated when Tuoba Yilu was appointed Duke of Dai (代公) by the Western Jin in 310 AD, as a reward for helping Liu Kun (劉琨), the Governor of Bingzhou (并州), fight against the Xiongnu state of Han Zhao. The fief was later promoted from a duchy to a principality. Dai was conquered in 376 by the Former Qin state, and its descendants later established the Northern Wei Dynasty in the 4th century.

Chieftains of Tuoba Clan 219–377 (as Princes of Dai 315–377)

Posthumous name	Personal name	Period of Reign	Other
Shenyuan	Tuoba Liwei	219–277	Temple Name: Shizu 始祖
Zhang	Tuoba Xilu	277–286
Ping	Tuoba Chuo	286–293
Si	Tuoba Fu	293–294
Zhao	Tuoba Luguan	294–307
Huan	Tuoba Yituo	295–305
Mu	Tuoba Yilu	295–316
–	Tuoba Pugen	316
–	Tuoba	316
Pingwen	Tuoba Yulü	316–321
Hui	Tuoba Heru	321–325
Yang	Tuoba Hena	325–329 and 335–337
Lie	Tuoba Yihuai	329–335 and 337–338
Zhaocheng	Tuoba Shiyijian	338–377	Era name: Jianguo 建國

Tuoba clan family tree

Tuoba clan of Dai state family tree

Tuoba Liwei 拓拔力微 174-219-277 Tuoba Shamohan 拓跋沙漠汗 d.277 Tuoba Xilu 拓跋悉鹿 r.277-286; d.268 Tuoba Chuo 拓跋綽 r.286–293; d.293 Tuoba Luguan 拓跋祿官 r.294-307; d.307 Tuoba Fu 拓跋弗 r.293–294; d.294 Tuoba Yituo 拓拔猗㐌 r.295-305; d.305 Tuoba Yilu 拓跋猗盧 r.295–316; d.316 Tuoba Yulü 拓跋鬱律 r.316-321; d.321 Tuoba Heru 拓跋賀傉 r.321–325; d.325 Tuoba Pugen 拓跋普根 r.(305-)316; d.316 Tuoba Hena 拓跋紇那 r.325–329; 335–337 Tuoba Liuxiu 拓跋六修 Tuoba Biyan 拓跋比延 Tuoba Yihuai 拓跋翳槐 r.329–335; 337–338; d.338 Tuoba Shiyijian 拓跋什翼犍 320–338-376 son r./d.316 ??? Tuoba Shi 拓跋寔 d.371 Tuoba Gui 拓拔珪 371–409 Daowu of Northern Wei 386–409 Tuoba clan family tree of Northern Wei dynasty

See also

• List of past Chinese ethnic groups
• Five Barbarians
• Yujiulü Mugulü
• Tuoba clan