AMD Instinct
 | |
| Release date | June 20, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Designed by | AMD |
| Marketed by | AMD |
| Architecture | |
| Models | MI Series |
| Cores | 36-304 Compute Units (CUs) |
| Transistors |
|
| History | |
| Predecessor | |
AMD Instinct is AMD's brand of data center GPUs.[1][2] It replaced AMD's FirePro S brand in 2016. Compared to the Radeon brand of mainstream consumer/gamer products, the Instinct product line is intended to accelerate deep learning, artificial neural network, and high-performance computing/GPGPU applications.
The AMD Instinct product line directly competes with Nvidia's Tesla and Intel's Xeon Phi and Data Center GPU lines of machine learning and GPGPU cards.
The brand was originally known as AMD Radeon Instinct, but AMD dropped the Radeon brand from the name before AMD Instinct MI100 was introduced in November 2020.
In June 2022, supercomputers based on AMD's Epyc CPUs and Instinct GPUs took the lead on the Green500 list of the most power-efficient supercomputers with over 50% lead over any other, and held the top first 4 spots.[3] One of them, the AMD-based Frontier is since June 2022 and as of 2023 the fastest supercomputer in the world on the TOP500 list.[4][5]
Products
[edit]_25.png)
| Accelerator | Launch date | Architecture | Lithography | Compute Units | Memory | PCIe support | Form factor | Processing power | TBP | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size | Type | Bandwidth (GB/s) | FP16 | BF16 | FP32 | FP32 matrix | FP64 performance | FP64 matrix | INT8 | INT4 | ||||||||
| MI6 | 2016-12-12[6] | GCN 4 | 14 nm | 36 | 16 GB | GDDR5 | 224 | 3.0 | PCIe | 5.7 TFLOPS | N/A | 5.7 TFLOPS | N/A | 358 GFLOPS | N/A | N/A | N/A | 150 W |
| MI8 | GCN 3 | 28 nm | 64 | 4 GB | HBM | 512 | 8.2 TFLOPS | 8.2 TFLOPS | 512 GFLOPS | 175 W | ||||||||
| MI25 | GCN 5 | 14 nm | 16 GB | HBM2 | 484 | 26.4 TFLOPS | 12.3 TFLOPS | 768 GFLOPS | 300 W | |||||||||
| MI50 | 2018-11-06[7] | 7 nm | 60 | 1024 | 4.0 | 26.5 TFLOPS | 13.3 TFLOPS | 6.6 TFLOPS | 53 TOPS | 300 W | ||||||||
| MI60 | 64 | 32 GB | 29.5 TFLOPS | 14.7 TFLOPS | 7.4 TFLOPS | 59 TOPS | 300 W | |||||||||||
| MI100 | 2020-11-16 | CDNA | 120 | 1200 | 184.6 TFLOPS | 92.3 TFLOPS | 23.1 TFLOPS | 46.1 TFLOPS | 11.5 TFLOPS | 184.6 TOPS | 300 W | |||||||
| MI210 | 2022-03-22[8] | CDNA 2 | 6 nm | 104 | 64 GB | HBM2e | 1600 | 181 TFLOPS | 22.6 TFLOPS | 45.3 TFLOPS | 22.6 TFLOPS | 45.3 TFLOPS | 181 TOPS | 300 W | ||||
| MI250 | 2021-11-08[9] | 208 | 128 GB | 3200 | OAM | 362.1 TFLOPS | 45.3 TFLOPS | 90.5 TFLOPS | 45.3 TFLOPS | 90.5 TFLOPS | 362.1 TOPS | 560 W | ||||||
| MI250X | 220 | 383 TFLOPS | 47.92 TFLOPS | 95.7 TFLOPS | 47.9 TFLOPS | 95.7 TFLOPS | 383 TOPS | 560 W | ||||||||||
| MI300A | 2023-12-06[10] | CDNA 3 | 6 & 5 nm | 228 | 128 GB | HBM3 | 5300 | 5.0 | APU SH5 socket | 980.6 TFLOPS 1961.2 TFLOPS (with Sparsity) |
122.6 TFLOPS | 61.3 TFLOPS | 122.6 TFLOPS | 1961.2 TOPS 3922.3 TOPS (with Sparsity) |
N/A | 550 W 760 W (with liquid cooling) | ||
| MI300X | 304 | 192 GB | OAM | 1307.4 TFLOPS 2614.9 TFLOPS (with Sparsity) |
163.4 TFLOPS | 81.7 TFLOPS | 163.4 TFLOPS | 2614.9 TOPS 5229.8 TOPS (with Sparsity) |
N/A | 750 W | ||||||||
| MI325X | 2024-06-02[11] | 288 GB | HBM3e | 6000 | ||||||||||||||
The three initial Radeon Instinct products were announced on December 12, 2016, and released on June 20, 2017, with each based on a different architecture.[12][13]
MI6
[edit]The MI6 is a passively cooled, Polaris 10 based card with 16 GB of GDDR5 memory and with a <150 W TDP.[1][2] At 5.7 TFLOPS (FP16 and FP32), the MI6 is expected to be used primarily for inference, rather than neural network training. The MI6 has a peak double precision (FP64) compute performance of 358 GFLOPS.[14]
MI8
[edit]The MI8 is a Fiji based card, analogous to the R9 Nano, has a <175W TDP.[1] The MI8 has 4 GB of High Bandwidth Memory. At 8.2 TFLOPS (FP16 and FP32), the MI8 is marked toward inference. The MI8 has a peak (FP64) double precision compute performance 512 GFLOPS.[15]
MI25
[edit]The MI25 is a Vega based card, utilizing HBM2 memory. The MI25 performance is expected to be 12.3 TFLOPS using FP32 numbers. In contrast to the MI6 and MI8, the MI25 is able to increase performance when using lower precision numbers, and accordingly is expected to reach 24.6 TFLOPS when using FP16 numbers. The MI25 is rated at <300W TDP with passive cooling. The MI25 also provides 768 GFLOPS peak double precision (FP64) at 1/16th rate.[16]
MI300 series
[edit]The MI300A and MI300X are data center accelerators that use the CDNA 3 architecture, which is optimized for high-performance computing (HPC) and generative artificial intelligence (AI) workloads. The CDNA 3 architecture features a scalable chiplet design that leverages TSMC’s advanced packaging technologies, such as CoWoS (chip-on-wafer-on-substrate) and InFO (integrated fan-out), to combine multiple chiplets on a single interposer. The chiplets are interconnected by AMD’s Infinity Fabric, which enables high-speed and low-latency data transfer between the chiplets and the host system.
The MI300A is an accelerated processing unit (APU) that integrates 24 Zen 4 CPU cores with four CDNA 3 GPU cores, resulting in a total of 228 CUs in the GPU section, and 128 GB of HBM3 memory. The Zen 4 CPU cores are based on the 5 nm process node and support the x86-64 instruction set, as well as AVX-512 and BFloat16 extensions. The Zen 4 CPU cores can run general-purpose applications and provide host-side computation for the GPU cores. The MI300A has a peak performance of 61.3 TFLOPS of FP64 (122.6 TFLOPS FP64 matrix) and 980.6 TFLOPS of FP16 (1961.2 TFLOPS with sparsity), as well as 5.3 TB/s of memory bandwidth. The MI300A supports PCIe 5.0 and CXL 2.0 interfaces, which allow it to communicate with other devices and accelerators in a heterogeneous system.
The MI300X is a dedicated generative AI accelerator that replaces the CPU cores with additional GPU cores and HBM memory, resulting in a total of 304 CUs (64 cores per CU) and 192 GB of HBM3 memory. The MI300X is designed to accelerate generative AI applications, such as natural language processing, computer vision, and deep learning. The MI300X has a peak performance of 653.7 TFLOPS of TP32 (1307.4 TFLOPS with sparsity) and 1307.4 TFLOPS of FP16 (2614.9 TFLOPS with sparsity), as well as 5.3 TB/s of memory bandwidth. The MI300X also supports PCIe 5.0 and CXL 2.0 interfaces, as well as AMD’s ROCm software stack, which provides a unified programming model and tools for developing and deploying generative AI applications on AMD hardware.[17][18][19]
Software
[edit]ROCm
[edit]Following software is, as of 2022, regrouped under the Radeon Open Compute meta-project.
MxGPU
[edit]The MI6, MI8, and MI25 products all support AMD's MxGPU virtualization technology, enabling sharing of GPU resources across multiple users.[1][20]
MIOpen
[edit]MIOpen is AMD's deep learning library to enable GPU acceleration of deep learning.[1] Much of this extends the GPUOpen's Boltzmann Initiative software.[20] This is intended to compete with the deep learning portions of Nvidia's CUDA library. It supports the deep learning frameworks: Theano, Caffe, TensorFlow, MXNet, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, Torch, and Chainer. Programming is supported in OpenCL and Python, in addition to supporting the compilation of CUDA through AMD's Heterogeneous-compute Interface for Portability and Heterogeneous Compute Compiler.
Chipset table
[edit]_40.png)
| Model (Code name) |
Launch | Architecture & fab |
Transistors & die size |
Core | Fillrate[a][b][c] | Processing power[a][d] (TFLOPS) |
Memory | TBP | Bus interface | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Config[e] | Clock[a] (MHz) |
Texture (GT/s) |
Pixel (GP/s) |
Half | Single | Double | Size (GB) |
Bus type & width |
Bandwidth (GB/s) |
Clock (MT/s) | ||||||
| Radeon Instinct MI6 (Polaris 10)[21][22][23][24][25][26] |
Jun 20, 2017 | GCN 4 GloFo 14LP |
5.7×109 232 mm2 |
2304:144:32 36 CU |
1120 1233 |
161.3 177.6 |
35.84 39.46 |
5.161 5.682 |
5.161 5.682 |
0.323 0.355 |
16 | GDDR5 256-bit |
224 | 7000 | 150 W | PCIe 3.0 ×16 |
| Radeon Instinct MI8 (Fiji)[21][22][23][27][28][29] |
GCN 3 TSMC 28 nm |
8.9×109 596 mm2 |
4096:256:64 64 CU |
1000 | 256.0 | 64.00 | 8.192 | 8.192 | 0.512 | 4 | HBM 4096-bit |
512 | 1000 | 175 W | ||
| Radeon Instinct MI25 (Vega 10)[21][22][23][30][31][32][33] |
GCN 5 GloFo 14LP |
12.5×109 510 mm2 |
1400 1500 |
358.4 384.0 |
89.60 96.00 |
22.94 24.58 |
11.47 12.29 |
0.717 0.768 |
16 | HBM2 2048-bit |
484 | 1890 | 300 W | |||
| Radeon Instinct MI50 (Vega 20)[34][35][36][37][38][39] |
Nov 18, 2018 | GCN 5 TSMC N7 |
13.2×109 331 mm2 |
3840:240:64 60 CU |
1450 1725 |
348.0 414.0 |
92.80 110.4 |
22.27 26.50 |
11.14 13.25 |
5.568 6.624 |
16 32 |
HBM2 4096-bit |
1024 | 2000 | PCIe 4.0 ×16 | |
| Radeon Instinct MI60 (Vega 20)[35][40][41][42] |
4096:256:64 64 CU |
1500 1800 |
384.0 460.8 |
96.00 115.2 |
24.58 29.49 |
12.29 14.75 |
6.144 7.373 |
32 | ||||||||
| AMD Instinct MI100 (Arcturus)[43][44][45] |
Nov 16, 2020 | CDNA TSMC N7 |
25.6×109 750 mm2 |
7680:480:- 120 CU |
1000 1502 |
480.0 721.0 |
— | 122.9 184.6 |
15.36 23.07 |
7.680 11.54 |
1228.8 | 2400 | ||||
| AMD Instinct MI210 (Aldebaran)[46][47][48] |
Mar 22, 2022 | CDNA 2 TSMC N6 |
28 x 109 ~770 mm2 |
6656:416:- 104 CU (1 × GCD)[f] |
1000 1700 |
416.0 707.2 |
106.5 181.0 |
13.31 22.63 |
13.31 22.63 |
64 | HBM2E 4096-bit |
1638.4 | 3200 | |||
| AMD Instinct MI250 (Aldebaran)[49][50][51] |
Nov 8, 2021 | 58 x 109 1540 mm2 |
13312:832:- 208 CU (2 × GCD) |
832.0 1414 |
213.0 362.1 |
26.62 45.26 |
26.62 45.26 |
2 × 64 | HBM2E 2 × 4096-bit[g] |
2 × 1638.4 | 500 W 560 W (Peak) | |||||
| AMD Instinct MI250X (Aldebaran)[52][50][53] |
14080:880:- 220 CU (2 × GCD) |
880.0 1496 |
225.3 383.0 |
28.16 47.87 |
28.16 47.87 | |||||||||||
| AMD Instinct MI300A (Antares)[54][55][56][57] |
Dec 6, 2023 | CDNA 3 TSMC N5 & N6 |
146 x 109 1017 mm2 |
14592:912:- 228 CU (6 × XCD) (24 AMD Zen 4 x86 CPU cores) |
2100 | 912.0 1550.4 |
980.6 1961.2 (With Sparsity) |
122.6 |
61.3 122.6 (FP64 Matrix) |
128 | HBM3 8192-bit |
5300 | 5200 | 550 W 760 W (Liquid Cooling) |
PCIe 5.0 ×16 | |
| AMD Instinct MI300X (Aqua Vanjaram)[58][59][60][61] |
153 x 109 1017 mm2 |
19456:1216:- 304 CU (8 × XCD) |
1216.0 2062.1 |
1307.4 2614.9 (With Sparsity) |
163.4 |
81.7 163.4 (FP64 Matrix) |
192 | 750 W | ||||||||
- ^ a b c Boost values (if available) are stated below the base value in italic.
- ^ Texture fillrate is calculated as the number of texture mapping units multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.
- ^ Pixel fillrate is calculated as the number of render output units multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.
- ^ Precision performance is calculated from the base (or boost) core clock speed based on a FMA operation.
- ^ Unified shaders : Texture mapping units : Render output units and Compute units (CU)
- ^ GCD Refers to a Graphics Compute Die. Each GCD is a different piece of silicon.
- ^ CDNA 2.0 Based cards adopt a design using two dies on the same package.They are linked with 400GB/s Bidirectional Infinity Fabric link, The dies are addressed as individual GPUs by the host system.
See also
[edit]- ROCm - AMD's open compute software stack
- AMD FirePro - AMD's predecessor to AMD Instinct
- AMD Radeon Pro - AMD's workstation graphics and GPGPU solution
- Nvidia Tesla - Nvidia's competing GPGPU solution
- List of AMD graphics processing units
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Smith, Ryan (December 12, 2016). "AMD Announces Radeon Instinct: GPU Accelerators for Deep Learning, Coming in 2017". Anandtech. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ a b Shrout, Ryan (December 12, 2016). "Radeon Instinct Machine Learning GPUs include Vega, Preview Performance". PC Per. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ "Green500 Release June 2022". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
- ^ "Top500 Release June 2022". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
- ^ "Top500 Release November 2023". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
- ^ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Announces Radeon Instinct: GPU Accelerators for Deep Learning, Coming In 2017". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
- ^ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Announces Radeon Instinct MI60 & MI50 Accelerators: Powered By 7nm Vega". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
- ^ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Releases Instinct MI210 Accelerator: CDNA 2 On a PCIe Card". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
- ^ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Announces Instinct MI200 Accelerator Family: Taking Servers to Exascale and Beyond". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
- ^ Bonshor, Ryan Smith, Gavin. "The AMD Advancing AI & Instinct MI300 Launch Live Blog (Starts at 10am PT/18:00 UTC)". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Plans Massive Memory Instinct MI325X for Q4'24, Lays Out Accelerator Roadmap to 2026". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
- ^ WhyCry (December 12, 2016). "AMD announces first VEGA accelerator:RADEON INSTINCT MI25 for deep-learning". VideoCardz. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
- ^ Mujtaba, Hassan (June 21, 2017). "AMD Radeon Instinct MI25 Accelerator With 16 GB HBM2 Specifications Detailed – Launches Today Along With Instinct MI8 and Instinct MI6". Wccftech. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI6". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI8". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI25". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "AMD CDNA 3 Architecture" (PDF). AMD CDNA Architecture. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ "AMD INSTINCT MI300A APU" (PDF). AMD Instinct Accelerators. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ "AMD INSTINCT MI300X APU" (PDF). AMD Instinct Accelerators. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ a b Kampman, Jeff (December 12, 2016). "AMD opens up machine learning with Radeon Instinct". TechReport. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ a b c Smith, Ryan (December 12, 2016). "AMD Announces Radeon Instinct: GPU Accelerators for Deep Learning, Coming in 2017". AnandTech. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ a b c Shrout, Ryan (December 12, 2016). "Radeon Instinct Machine Learning GPUs include Vega, Preview Performance". PCPerspective. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ a b c Kampman, Jeff (December 12, 2016). "AMD opens up machine learning with Radeon Instinct". Tech Report. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI6". AMD. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI6 Datasheet" (PDF). usermanual.wiki. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI6 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI8". AMD. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI8 Datasheet" (PDF). usermanual.wiki. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI8 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ Smith, Ryan (January 5, 2017). "The AMD Vega Architecture Teaser: Higher IPC, Tiling, & More, coming in H1'2017". AnandTech. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI25". AMD. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI25 Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI25 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ Walton, Jarred (January 10, 2019). "Hands on with the AMD Radeon VII". PC Gamer.
- ^ a b "Next Horizon – David Wang Presentation" (PDF). AMD.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Accelerator (16GB)". AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Accelerator (32GB)". AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "Radeon Instinct MI60". AMD. Archived from the original on November 22, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI60 Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI60 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI100 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI100 Accelerator Brochure" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI100 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI210 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI210 Accelerator Brochure" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI210 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI250 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ a b "AMD Instinct MI200 Series Accelerator Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI250 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI250X Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI250X Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI300A APU". AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "AMD Instinct MI300A Series Accelerator Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "AMD-CDNA3-white-paper" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
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