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Costa Rica–Mexico relations

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Costa Rica-Mexico relations
Map indicating locations of Costa Rica and Mexico

Costa Rica
Mexico

Costa Rica–Mexico relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Costa Rica and Mexico. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.

History

Costa Rican President Laura Chinchilla and Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto in February 2013

Costa Rica and Mexico are two Latin American nations that share a common history in the fact that both nations were colonized by the Spanish empire. During Spanish colonization, Costa Rica was under the administration of the Viceroyalty of New Spain in Mexico City. In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain and Costa Rica became part of the First Mexican Empire. In 1823, the empire dissolved and Costa Rica, along with El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua joined the United Provinces of Central America. In 1838, the union dissolved and Costa Rica became an independent nation.[1] That same year, Costa Rica and Mexico established diplomatic relations.[2]

In March 1948, Costa Rica entered into a civil war. During the war, the ambassadors of Chile, Mexico, Panama and the United States met at the premise of the Mexican embassy in San José and agreed to mediate between both belligerents of the war to bring them to a peaceful resolution. This was known as the Pacto de la embajada de México.[3] The war ended in April 1948 and Costa Rica entered into its 'Second Republic.'[2]

During the central-American wars taking place in neighboring El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua; both Costa Rica and Mexico led mediation dialogues between warring factions in each nation in order to bring peace and stability to the region. Mexico (along with Colombia, Panama and Venezuela) created the Contadora Group which helped create the framework for the Esquipulas Peace Agreement, led by Costa Rica's President Oscar Arias.[4][5]

State visits

Costa Rican President Luis Guillermo Solís attending the Ibero-American Summit in Veracruz City, Mexico; 2014

Presidential visits from Costa Rica to Mexico[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

Presidential visits from Mexico to Costa Rica[15][16][17][18][19][20]

Trade relations

In 1995, Costa Rica and Mexico signed a free trade agreement. In 2017, two-way trade between both nations amounted to $1.3 billion USD.[21] Mexico's main exports to Costa Rica include: televisions, vehicles and avocados while Costa Rica's main exports to Mexico include: software, computer processors and palm oil.[21] In 2013, Mexican investments to Costa Rica amounted to $1,5 billion USD. At the same time, Costa Rican investments in Mexico amounted to $173 million USD.[21] Mexico is Costa Rica's third largest trading partner globally.[2]

Resident diplomatic missions

Embassy of Mexico in San José

See also

References

  1. ^ History and Culture of Costa Rica
  2. ^ a b c Bilateral relations between Mexico and Costa Rica (in Spanish)
  3. ^ El Pacto de la Embajada de México (in Spanish)
  4. ^ The Foreign Ministry Commemorates the 30th Anniversary of the Contadora Group
  5. ^ Central American Security Commission Esquipulas Peace Agreement, August 6-7, 1987
  6. ^ President José Trejos Fernández visits Mexico: 1967 (in Spanish)
  7. ^ José Figueres Ferrer: 1906-1990 (in Spanish)
  8. ^ President Rodrigo Carazo Odio in Cancun (in Spanish)
  9. ^ Visita oficial del Presidente de Costa Rica a México: 1987 (in Spanish)
  10. ^ El Dr. Oscar Arias Sánchez visita México por segunda vez como Presidente de Costa Rica (in Spanish)
  11. ^ Presidential visits to Mexico by Costa Rican Presidents Rafael Calderón, José María Figueres Olsen and Miguel Ángel Rodríguez (in Spanish)
  12. ^ Visita de Estado del Presidente Miguel Ángel Rodríguez de la República de Costa Rica a México (in Spanish)
  13. ^ Visita de Estado del Presidente Abel Pacheco de la Espriella (in Spanish)
  14. ^ Presidenta de Costa Rica visita México (in Spanish)
  15. ^ Cámara de Diputados: Relaciones entre México y Costa Rica (in Spanish)
  16. ^ President Carlos Salins de Gortari travels to Costa Rica in June 1992 (in Spanish)
  17. ^ Visita de Estado del Presidente Ernesto Zedillo a la República de Costa Rica (in Spanish)
  18. ^ Viajes al exterior del Presidente Vicente Fox Quesada (in Spanish)
  19. ^ Viajes al exterior del President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa (in Spanish)
  20. ^ El Presidente Enrique Peña Nieto realizará visita de estado a Costa Rica (in Spanish)[permanent dead link]
  21. ^ a b c Mexican Ministry of the Economy: Costa Rica (in Spanish)
  22. ^ Embassy of Costa Rica in Mexico City (in Spanish) Archived 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ Embassy of Mexico in San José (in Spanish)
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