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Edge of Tomorrow
A man and a woman, wearing battle exosuits and looking battle-worn, stand against an urban background devastated by war.
Theatrical release poster
Directed byDoug Liman
Screenplay by
Produced by
  • Erwin Stoff
  • Tom Lassally
  • Jeffrey Silver
  • Gregory Jacobs
  • Jason Hoffs
Starring
CinematographyDion Beebe
Edited by
  • James Herbert
  • Laura Jennings
Music byChristophe Beck
Production
company
Release dates
  • May 28, 2014 (2014-05-28) (London IMAX)
  • June 6, 2014 (2014-06-06) (United States)
  • July 4, 2014 (2014-07-04) (Japan)
Running time
113 minutes[1]
Country
  • United States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$178 million[2]
Box office$140.1 million[3]

Edge of Tomorrow is a 2014 science fiction film starring Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt. It is based on the Japanese light novel All You Need Is Kill by Hiroshi Sakurazaka. Rights to the novel were bought in late 2009, and a spec script was sold to the American studio Warner Bros. Pictures for production. The studio co-produced the film with the Australian production company Village Roadshow. The US-backed production is directed by Doug Liman. Filming began in late 2012 and took place mainly at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden outside London. Trafalgar Square in London was also a filming location for some scenes.

The film was released in theaters in 28 territories—including the United Kingdom, Brazil, Germany, Spain, and Indonesia—on the weekend of May 30, 2014. On the weekend of June 6, 2014, it was released in 36 additional territories, including North America (United States and Canada), Australia, China, and Russia. To date, the film has grossed $140.1 million. It has received "largely positive reviews" from critics, according to Los Angeles Times.

Plot

For 5 years, humanity has been at war with an alien species called Mimics. NATO militaries have federated to create the United Defense Forces (UDF), with defeats escalating as the war continues. As the Mimics tighten their grip on Europe, the introduction of armed mechanized exoskeletons called Jackets allows the UDF to achieve a decisive victory at Verdun. Major William Cage, a UDF spokesman and officer in the United States Army Reserve, is summoned to London to meet with General Brigham, commander of the UDF. The UDF, inspired by the victory at Verdun, intends to launch Operation Downfall, a multi-front invasion of Mimic-controlled Europe which will relieve pressure on Russian and Chinese forces in Eastern Europe. Brigham orders Cage to cover combat on the beaches of Northwestern France, to which Cage objects, stating that he is not a soldier. When Cage tries to blackmail the General, he is arrested and stripped of rank. Cage is sent to base at Heathrow Airport, where he is to deploy from the following morning.

The next morning, Cage is dropped in with the first wave. To his horror, the Mimics have anticipated the attack, and annihilate the invasion force. Cage manages to kill an unusually large Mimic, but dies and is doused with its blood. Cage wakes up the previous morning at Heathrow, and is debriefed in the same manner. Cage discovers he is stuck in a time loop, and that every time he dies, he "resets" to the day prior to the invasion. Cage tries to convince soldiers at the base that the invasion will fail, to no avail. Cage loops several times, trying to save as many soldiers as he can. In one such loop, he saves the life of Rita Vrataski, the "Angel of Verdun" (or "Full Metal Bitch" behind her back), who, seeing Cage's ability to anticipate events of the battle, tells him to find her when he "wakes up." Both of them are then killed by an exploding drop ship.

At the base, Cage finds Rita, and tells her that they know each other from the following day's invasion. Rita confides in Cage that she too possessed the ability to "reset", which allowed her to singlehandedly kill hundreds of Mimics at Verdun, earning herself celebrity status. Rita tells Cage that the Mimics are controlled by a singular consciousness called the "Omega", which has the ability to reset time. Cage killed an Alpha Mimic and was doused in its blood, thereby gaining the ability to reset time. Rita gained that ability the same way, and lost it after receiving a blood transfusion. She also tells Cage that as the Mimics try to locate his consciousness, he will experience visions of the location of the Omega. Rita trains Cage in combat, and with each subsequent loop, Cage increases in proficiency. Rita and Cage team up during the invasion, and after dozens of loops, are finally able to make their way inland. Cage, in the meantime, has grown attached to Rita, and is finding it harder to see her being killed. The tension reaches a head when Cage tries to stop Rita from continuing, knowing that at their current location, Rita will be killed regardless. Rita ignores him and is mortally wounded trying to lift off in a helicopter. Cage comforts her as she dies, before he too is killed by the Mimics.

During his next loop, Cage, knowing that the Omega is in the Bavarian Alps, goes to kill the Omega himself. When he arrives at the dam from his visions, he is ambushed by an Alpha, who tries to steal his reset ability by killing him through exsanguination. Cage manages to die by drowning, preserving his ability. During his next loop, Cage tells Rita that the visions are just a hoax to corner him and steal his ability. Rita takes Cage to see Dr. Arthur, a former government scientist and expert in Mimic biology. Arthur explains to Cage that during his time working at Whitehall, he constructed a prototype transponder device, which can theoretically ascertain the location of the Omega if injected into an Alpha or someone with the "reset" ability. General Brigham supervised the construction of the device but declared it rubbish and had Arthur dismissed. Rita and Cage infiltrate the Ministry of Defence, and threaten to kill Brigham unless he gives them the transponder. After several failed loops, Brigham relents and gives them the transponder.

Fleeing Whitehall with soldiers in hot pursuit, Rita stabs Cage with the transponder, and he concludes that the Omega is located under the Louvre. Cage removes the transponder, but Rita crashes into an armored soldier, knocking them both unconscious. Cage awakens hooked up to an IV, and realizes that the transfusion has taken away his power. Rita breaks Cage out, and they decide to try and kill the Omega that same night. To do so, Cage convinces soldiers from his unit to join them, already knowing the intimate details of their lives from his loops. The team flies to Paris, but are attacked by Mimics and forced into a crash-landing. Rita and Cage are the only ones to make it beneath the Louvre, where they find themselves being hunted by an Alpha. Rita gives Cage a grenade belt to kill the Omega, then kisses him, telling him "I only wish I could get to know you." Rita distracts the Alpha while Cage dives down to kill the Omega. The Alpha kills Rita, then dives down after Cage. The Alpha kills him, but not before he activates the grenade belt, which falls on the Omega, killing it, thereby crippling the Mimics.

As the Omega disintegrates, Cage's body absorbs its blood. Cage wakes up en route to his meeting with Brigham, and he attends a press conference where Brigham announces that the Mimics have seemingly given up and that the UDF is poised to liberate Europe. Cage, never having been stripped of rank, visits the Heathrow base, and goes to see Rita. Rita asks him what he wants, having never met him, to which Cage smiles.

Cast

Tom Cruise, known for performing his own stunts in his films, performed them in Edge of Tomorrow. He and Emily Blunt wore heavy metal suits that depicted their characters' battle suits.[4] Blunt trained three months for her role. USA Today reported that she focused "on everything from weights to sprints to yoga, aerial wire work and gymnastics".[5] She said of her role, "In these male-fueled genres, it's usually the woman who's holding the hand of the guy and he's running through explosions leading her, and I wanted to be doing the leading. This was the extreme idea of what I ever thought I'd want to do."[6]

Bill Paxton was cast in a supporting role and also wore a battle suit in the film. The actor said he suspected that he was cast in the film because of his well-known role in the 1986 science fiction film Aliens.[7] Edge of Tomorrow was the first time Paxton and Cruise were in a film together.[8]

Production

Director Doug Liman at the Paris premiere of the film

Edge of Tomorrow was co-produced by Warner Bros. and Village Roadshow, with the involvement of production companies 3 Arts Entertainment and Viz Productions, on a budget of $178 million.[2] The film was directed by Doug Liman based on a screenplay adapting the Japanese light novel All You Need Is Kill by Hiroshi Sakurazaka. The novel was published in 2004, and 3 Arts Entertainment optioned the novel in late 2009. Instead of making a pitch to a major studio to purchase the property and proceed with writing and producing a film adaptation, the company decided to develop a spec script to show the studios. Dante Harper wrote the script, and Warner Bros. purchased it in a $3 million deal in April 2010.[9] In the following August, the studio hired Doug Liman to direct the film.[10] Harper's screenplay was listed in the 2010 edition of The Black List, a survey of most-liked unproduced screenplays.[11]

In early 2011, the screenplay was revised to improve the third act, which Warner Bros. found weak. The studio initially approached Brad Pitt to star;[12] it then approached Tom Cruise.[13] The screenplay was revised further by Joby Harold, and the age of the leading role was changed to fit Cruise's. In December 2011, Cruise officially joined the film.[14] In April 2012, Emily Blunt entered negotiations to star opposite Cruise.[15]

Six months before filming started, Liman discarded two-thirds of Harper's original script. Jez Butterworth and John-Henry Butterworth were hired to rewrite the script. Screenwriter Simon Kinberg took over from the Butterworths, and eight weeks before the start of filming, he was replaced by Christopher McQuarrie. The screenplay did not yet have a satisfactory ending, and producers and studio executives worried about starting filming without an ending.[16]

Filming

Production began at Leavesden Studios near London. Warner Bros. had purchased Leavesden as a permanent studio site after previously renting space there for its production of the Harry Potter films.[17] Though the director initially did not want a beach set built, the production had one built at the studio site.[16] It was intended for battle scenes and to be reminiscent of coastal battles during World War II such as the Invasion of Normandy and the Battle of Dunkirk.[18] Principal photography began at Leavesden on October 1, 2012.[19] The Los Angeles Times said on the second day, Liman "demanded a total reshoot of everything filmed on Day 1", which had concerned producers. Filming on the beach set was planned to last two weeks, but the scheduled extended to nearly three months due to what the Los Angeles Times called "the director's self-described 'workshop-y' filming style".[16] Filming also took place in Trafalgar Square in London on November 24, 2012. The square was closed to the public, and tanks were brought in to film some action scenes.[20] A former army base in the village of Barton Stacey in Hampshire, England was also used as a filming location for two weeks.[21]

Liman said filming took place seven days a week using two crews to film 20 days in addition to what had originally been scheduled. The crew struggled with rainy British weather since the film was supposed to be set in one day and had to maintain the same weather.[22] The director also said the film's repeated scenes intentionally paralleled the spawning feature in video games, where players have to start over on a level when their character dies.[23]

Though filming concluded by August 2013, and early reviews of the film even saying Piven did not appear in it,[24] actor Jeremy Piven was added to the cast, and extra scenes including him were filmed.[25]

Battle suit design

Production designer Oliver Scholl and his team worked with lead builder Pierre Bohanna to develop concept art for several battle suit options based on contemporary real-world powered exoskeleton initiatives like those supported by DARPA. When director Doug Liman chose a design, the team built an aluminum prototype frame that had pivot points and hinges. Costume designer Kate Hawley contributed a gritty aesthetic design for the color palettes and surface treatments. While the design was meant to be utilitarian, it was also created so the actors could be seen in the suits and also run in them. The team created a foam mock-up of Tom Cruise so the frame could be suited for him. The team handcrafted 70 hard material and 50 soft material battle suits in the course of almost five months. There were three versions of the battle suits: "grunts, dogs, and tanks". The battle suit for Emily Blunt's character had red slash marks sprayed on to reflect a Joan of Arc quality.[26]

The battle suit weighed 85 pounds (39 kg) on average. One of the heavier versions was around 130 pounds (59 kg) due to being equipped with a mock sniper rifle and rocket launcher.[5] Each actor needed four people to help put on the battle suit. Initially, Tom Cruise took 30 minutes to put on the suit and another 30 minutes to remove it. Ultimately, the time was reduced to 30 seconds.[26] Reportedly, "Between takes, the actors would be suspended by chains from iron frames to take the weight of the suits off their shoulders."[7]

Music

Composer Christophe Beck scored Edge of Tomorrow. The film was Beck's first science fiction film score, and the composer scored in place of John Powell, who had scored all of director Doug Liman's previous studio films.[27] To prepare for the score, Beck watched the film with temp tracks, including one from the 2012 film Battleship. Beck experimented with repeating the music with the scenes. He said repetition was only used in a couple of spots in the film because the approach did not frequently fit the events on the screen. Beck said, "The day is reset dozens of times in the film and it would get very repetitive to approach that musically the same way every time."[28] The composer initially tried for "traditional heroic themes" that involved horns and trumpets, but he said Liman "preferred a non-traditional approach, driven by percussion and distorted orchestra". To that end, Beck used the pizzicato playing technique, "not in the traditional, plinky-plinky-isn't-this-funny way, but a little darker, and always accompanied by some higher concept synth colors".[27] With Liman's approach, the composer said there were "only a couple of traditional themes" in the film, including one for Emily Blunt's character Rita.[28]

Untitled
Edge of Tomorrow (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)[29]
No.TitleArtistLength
1."Angel of Verdun (Main Titles)"Christophe Beck02:56
2."No Courage Without Fear"Christophe Beck03:00
3."D-Day"Christophe Beck02:35
4."Mimics and Alphas"Christophe Beck01:25
5."PT"Christophe Beck01:16
6."Find Me When You Wake Up"Christophe Beck02:05
7."Navigating the Beach"Christophe Beck02:01
8."Winning the War"Christophe Beck01:27
9."Combat Training"Christophe Beck01:16
10."Deadweight"Christophe Beck01:31
11."Again!"Christophe Beck01:48
12."Solo Flight"Christophe Beck03:11
13."Decoy"Christophe Beck01:22
14."Whitehall"Christophe Beck02:09
15."Uncharted Territory"Christophe Beck01:39
16."I'm Out"Christophe Beck01:53
17."They Know We're Coming"Christophe Beck02:06
18."Caged In"Christophe Beck02:04
19."Ritaliation"Christophe Beck01:39
20."The Omega"Christophe Beck01:23
21."Welcome to London, Major"Christophe Beck02:22
22."Live, Die, Repeat (End Titles)"Christophe Beck04:22
Total length:45:30
Additional music
Songs
No.TitleMusicLength
1."This Is Not the End"Fieldwork 
2."Massive Mellow"Daniel Lenz 
3."Railroad Track"Willy Moon 
4."Trip Into The Light"Jeremy and the Harlequins 
5."Love Me Again"John Newman 

Release

Marketing

"I think the word 'kill' in a title is very tricky in today's world. I don't know that people want to be bombarded with that word. I don't know that people want to be opening the newspaper and seeing that word. We see it enough in kind of real newspaper headlines, and I don't think we need to see it when we're looking at a movie."

— Producer Erwin Stoff on changing the title[23]

Warner Bros. invested over $100 million in a marketing campaign for Edge of Tomorrow.[30] The film was initially titled All You Need Is Kill after the light novel. In July 2013, Warner Bros. changed the title to Edge of Tomorrow;[31] Warner Bros. president Sue Kroll said the title was changed partly due to "negative chatter" about the word "kill" in the title.[32] The film was promoted at ComicCon in San Diego, California in July 2013,[31] and it was promoted at WonderCon in Anaheim, California in April 2014.[7] Turner Broadcasting, a subsidiary of Time Warner like the studio Warner Bros., promoted the film across its TV properties, including CNN, TNT, TBS, Adult Swim, TruTV, and Funny or Die. Variety said the move "put forth the notion that buying bigger packages of advertisements across a TV company’s holdings is a viable option in an increasingly fragmented TV-viewing landscape". Turner also launched a website which would unlock film-related content like "a 3D game, back stories and artwork" if its promotional hashtag was circulated enough through the social media website Twitter.[33]

Viz Media published a new edition of the light novel, titled Edge of Tomorrow instead of All You Need Is Kill. It was released on April 29, 2014.[34] It also published All You Need Is Kill, a graphic novel adaptation of the light novel, on May 5, 2014.[35]

The theatrical trailer for Edge of Tomorrow was nominated at the 15th Annual Golden Trailer Awards for Best Action and for Best Summer 2014 Blockbuster Trailer.[36]

Box office forecast

Media reports used Tom Cruise's previous films to estimate Edge of Tomorrow's box office performance in North America

At the beginning of May 2014, weeks before the film's release, media reports said box office tracking for Edge of Tomorrow indicated that it would have an underwhelming performance at the box office in North America (United States and Canada).[2] Variety said there was a "worrisome lack of buzz" leading up to the film's release.[32] Initial tracking at the start of the month estimated that the film would gross between $25 million and $30 million on its opening weekend,[37] and the estimate decreased later in the month by $5 million.[32] The film will also compete with The Fault in Our Stars, opening the same weekend and estimated to gross around $25 million. The Wrap said the competition would potentially impact Edge of Tomorrow's opening weekend gross.[37] In contrast, Variety said Edge of Tomorrow could serve as counterprogramming to The Fault in Our Stars since that film's expected demographic is women under 25 years old.[32]

The Hollywood Reporter called Edge of Tomorrow, with its budget of over $175 million, one of the "biggest box-office risks" for mid-2014 in North America. The trade paper said the film was similar to Oblivion, a 2013 science fiction film that also starred Tom Cruise, and that like Oblivion, it would likely perform better outside North America.[38] Box Office Mojo said Cruise's films with original material—Valkyrie (2008), Knight and Day (2010), Jack Reacher (2012), and Oblivion (2013)—had not grossed more than $100 million in North America. The website forecast that Edge of Tomorrow would gross $90 million in North America and $220 million in other territories.[39] TheWrap noted that the studio has focused on the theatrical releases in the other territories, where Cruise "remains a major force" in drawing audiences.[37] Variety, writing from the US perspective, said, "Media reports have been quick to speculate that Edge of Tomorrow may be one of the summer's first big bombs based on the lack of enthusiasm by U.S. audiences. That may come to pass, but these reports downplay the centrality of foreign markets in today's globalized movie industry."[2]

In the week prior to Edge of Tomorrow's release in North America, it was estimated to have an opening-weekend gross of $27 million, a small bump from the previously estimated mid-$20 million range.[40]

Theatrical run

Edge of Tomorrow initiated its theatrical run in several territories on May 28, 2014 and rolled out to a total of 28 territories for its opening weekend of May 30-June 1, 2014.[41][2] It grossed $20.1 million on the opening weekend.[42] For the second weekend of June 6-8, 2014, it was released in 36 additional territories.[43] To date, the film has grossed $140.1 million worldwide.[3]

Opening weekend

Edge of Tomorrow premiered at British Film Institute's London IMAX on May 28, 2014[44]

The film had premiere screenings in London, Paris, and New York City on May 28, 2014. The cast and the crew mimicked the film's time loop premise by attending the premieres in a single day, traveling westward to attend them on a staggered schedule.[45] The film was screened in New York City at 11:59 pm, referring to the film title.[46] The film was released in theaters in 28 territories—including the United Kingdom, Brazil, Germany, Spain, and Indonesia—on the weekend of May 30, 2014.[2] Certain territories with "strong" association football teams were chosen so the film could screen to audiences before the month-long 2014 FIFA World Cup began on June 12, 2014. Edge of Tomorrow competed against Maleficent starring Angelina Jolie, which opened the same weekend in 46 countries.[2]

On its opening weekend in 5,018 screens across 28 territories, Edge of Tomorrow grossed $20.1 million.[42] The Hollywood Reporter called the film's debut a "soft" opening. Edge of Tomorrow faced competition from Maleficent and X-Men: Days of Future Past and ranked third after the two films in many territories. In the United Kingdom, it ranked third and grossed $3.1 million, where Cruise's 2013 film Oblivion had opened with $7.6 million. In Germany, it grossed $2.1 million compared to Oblivion's $2.6 million. Edge of Tomorrow ranked first in Indonesia and Taiwan, grossing $2 million and $1.9 million, respectively.[47] Its opening weekend in 286 screens in Indonesia was Tom Cruise's biggest opening to date in the country.[42] The film also grossed $1.5 million in Italy and $1.5 million in Spain.[43] Deadline.com said the film had good word of mouth, citing significant increases in Saturday grosses compared to the Friday grosses in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Spain.[42]

Second weekend

The film was released in 36 additional markets in its second weekend of global release (June 6-8, 2014).[43] It grossed an estimated $29.1 million in North America,[3] and $19.3 million in other territories.[48] It premiered in South Korea and France on June 4, 2014. In France that Wednesday, it ranked first and grossed an estimated $859 thousand, smaller than Maleficent's $2.5 million the previous Wednesday. In South Korea the same day, it grossed $3.8 million, which was Tom Cruise's biggest South Korean opening to date and the fourth biggest South Korean opening to date for a Hollywood film. The opening date was chosen for South Korea to take advantage of the country's five-day holiday.[49] It also opened in Australia, Russia, and China on June 5, 2014.[2][50] In Russia, the film grossed $1.4 million on opening day, which was Tom Cruise's biggest to date in the country. In China, the film grossed $6.7 million on its opening day, which was the fourth-biggest opening in China in 2014.[50]

Edge of Tomorrow was released in North America on June 6, 2014.[2] The ticket service Fandango reported before the weekend that Edge of Tomorrow sold more advance tickets than Tom Cruise's previous film Oblivion but that the competing film The Fault in Our Stars strongly exceeded Edge of Tomorrow in advance ticket sales.[51] Edge of Tomorrow is estimated to gross $27.7-28 million on the opening weekend, which is expected to rank it third below The Fault in Our Stars ($48 million) and Maleficent ($33.6 million).[52] The polling firm CinemaScore reported that audiences overall gave Edge of Tomorrow a "B+" grade, where younger filmgoers gave "A" and "A-" grades.[48]

In Japan, Edge of Tomorrow will be released on July 4, 2014 under the light novel's title All You Need Is Kill.[53]

Critical response

Edge of Tomorrow has received "largely positive reviews" from critics, according to Los Angeles Times.[54] Critics praised the humor, the aliens' design, and Cruise and Blunt's performances, and they did not find the time-loop premise tiresome. The most common disappointment among reviews was the ending being "nothing special".[55] Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes said critics thought the film was "gripping, well-acted, funny, and clever" and that Cruise was still more than capable of starring in an action film. The website surveyed 203 critics and, categorizing the reviews as positive or negative, assessed 181 as positive and 22 as negative. Of the 203 reviews, it determined an average rating of 7.4 out of 10. Based on the reviews, the website gave a "Certified Fresh" score of 89%.[56] Another aggregator Metacritic surveyed 43 critics and assessed 35 reviews as positive and eight as mixed. Based on the reviews, it gave the film a score of 71 out of 100, which it said indicated "generally favorable reviews".[57]

Justin Chang of Variety called Edge of Tomorrow "a cleverly crafted and propulsively executed sci-fi thriller" and said the film was director Doug Liman's best since The Bourne Identity (2002). Chang said the screenwriters, with the assistance of the editors, "tell their story in a breezy narrative shorthand (and at times, sleight-of-hand), transforming what must surely be an unbelievably tedious gauntlet for our hero into a deft, playful and continually involving viewing experience". The critic said of the relationship of Cruise and Blunt's characters, "Liman handles it with a pleasing lightness of touch that extends to the proceedings as a whole." He also commended the visual effects of the "expertly designed Mimics" as well as Dion Beebe's cinematography.[58]

Todd McCarthy, writing for The Hollywood Reporter, said the film was "a narratively ambitious sci-fi actioner" that "takes a relatively playful attitude toward the familiar battle tropes". McCarthy said despite the humor, he found the time loop premise "tedious" and that "the final stretch becomes dramatically unconvincing and visually murky". The critic called the effects "exciting, convincing and gritty" and applauded Gleeson and Paxton in their supporting roles.[59]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Edge of Tomorrow (12A)". bbfc.co.uk. British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lang, Brent (May 23, 2014). "Tom Cruise, Angelina Jolie Test Star Power at International B.O. With 'Edge of Tomorrow,' 'Maleficent'". Variety. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c "Edge of Tomorrow". boxofficemojo.com. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 8, 2014.
  4. ^ Tauber, Michelle (May 15, 2014). "Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt Talk Stunts on Edge of Tomorrow: 'Never Compare Bruises'". People. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  5. ^ a b Alexander, Bryan (December 10, 2013). "Sneak peek: 'Edge of Tomorrow' suits Cruise and Blunt". USA Today. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  6. ^ Cohen, Sandy (June 4, 2014). "Blunt Reveals New Toughness in 'Edge of Tomorrow'". bigstory.ap.org. Associated Press. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  7. ^ a b c Day, Patrick Kevin (April 19, 2014). "WonderCon 2014: Bill Paxton talks 'Edge of Tomorrow,' 'Avatar' sequels". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  8. ^ Lammers, Tim (June 3, 2014). "Paxton wastes no time working with Cruise on 'Edge of Tomorrow'". Click On Detroit. WDIV-TV. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  9. ^ Fleming, Mike (April 5, 2010). "Warners Makes 7-Figure Spec Deal For Japanese Novel 'All You Need Is Kill'". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  10. ^ McNary, Dave (August 23, 2010). "Doug Liman to direct 'All You Need Is Kill'". Variety. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  11. ^ Oldham, Stuart (December 13, 2010). "2010 Black List: Best Unproduced Screenplays". Variety. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  12. ^ Brodesser-Akner, Claude (September 23, 2011). "Warner Brothers Wants Brad Pitt for Doug Liman Film After His Luna Craters". Vulture. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  13. ^ Kit, Borys; Fernandez, Jay A. (October 8, 2011). "Why Tom Cruise Still Matters in the Film Industry (Analysis)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  14. ^ Kroll, Justin (December 1, 2011). "Tom Cruise cues 'All You Need Is Kill'". Variety. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  15. ^ Kit, Borys (April 16, 2012). "Emily Blunt in Negotiations for Tom Cruise Sci-Fi Pic 'All You Need Is Kill'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
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  17. ^ Kemp, Stuart (August 6, 2012). "Tom Cruise's 'All You Need is Kill' to Shoot at Leavesden Studios". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  18. ^ Lee, Chris (April 25, 2014). "'Edge of Tomorrow': Emily Blunt talks Tom Cruise, brutal sci-fi battle". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
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  20. ^ Child, Ben (November 26, 2012). "Tom Cruise filming halts Trafalgar Square". The Guardian. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  21. ^ Staff (June 2, 2014). "Latest Tom Cruise blockbuster shot at Barton Stacey in Hampshire". Hampshire Chronicle. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  22. ^ Franklin, Oliver (March 5, 2014). "Why we're dying (repeatedly) to see Tom Cruise's Edge Of Tomorrow". GQ. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  23. ^ a b Lewis, Hilary (May 29, 2014). "'Edge of Tomorrow' NY Premiere: Director Doug Liman Talks Video Game-Like Nature of Movie". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  24. ^ Marsh, James (May 22, 2014). "Review: Edge of Tomorrow Is High Concept Sci-Fi At Its Most Fun". Twitch. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  25. ^ Fleming, Mike (August 15, 2013). "Jeremy Piven Is A Very Late Addition To The Cast Of Tom Cruise's 'Edge Of Tomorrow'". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  26. ^ a b Abrams, Bryan (June 3, 2014). "Building Edge of Tomorrow's Armored ExoSuits". The Credits. Motion Picture Association of America. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  27. ^ a b Schweiger, Daniel (June 3, 2014). "Interview with Christophe Beck". Film Music Magazine. Global Media Online. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  28. ^ a b Topel, Fred (June 2, 2014). "Edge of Tomorrow: Christophe Beck on Over-Scoring, Frozen and Buffy". craveonline.com. CraveOnline. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  29. ^ "Edge of Tomorrow". iTunes. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  30. ^ McClintock, Pamela (May 28, 2014). "Tom Cruise's 'Edge of Tomorrow' Tests Overseas Star Power as U.S. Tracking Soft". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  31. ^ a b Graser, Marc (July 15, 2013). "Tom Cruise Thriller 'All You Need Is Kill' Changes to 'Edge of Tomorrow,' Gets Comic-Con Push". Variety. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  32. ^ a b c d Cheney, Alexandra (May 19, 2014). "Warner Bros., Tom Cruise Gear Up to Make Sure 'Tomorrow' Never Dies". Variety. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
  33. ^ Steinberg, Brian (May 5, 2014). "Tom Cruise Pic May Give Time Warner's Turner a Calling Card in Coming TV Upfront". Variety. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
  34. ^ "Edge of Tomorrow Official Movie Tie-In Novel and All You Need Is Kill Original Graphic Novel Release". Anime News Network. April 14, 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
  35. ^ Melrose, Kevin (April 15, 2014). "Viz Media to roll out 'Edge of Tomorrow' movie tie-ins". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
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