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Adaptations of the Justice League in other media
Created byGardner Fox
Original sourceComics published by DC Comics
First appearanceThe Brave and the Bold #28
Films and television
Film(s)Justice League of America (1997)
Justice League Part One (2017)
Justice League Part Two (2019)
Television
show(s)		Super Friends (1973)
Justice League (2001)
Justice League Unlimited (2004)
Young Justice (2011)
Justice League Action (2016)
Games
Video game(s)Justice League Task Force (1995)
Justice League Heroes (2006)
Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe (2008)
DC Universe Online (2011)
Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes (2012)
Injustice: Gods Among Us (2013)

The Justice League, also called the Justice League of America or JLA, is a fictional superhero team that appears in comic books published by DC Comics. Since their first appearance in The Brave and the Bold #28 (February/March 1960), various incarnations of the team have appeared in film, television, and video game adaptations.

Film

Live-action

Justice League: Mortal (cancelled)

In February 2007, it was announced that Warner Bros hired husband and wife duo Michele and Kieran Mulroney to write a script for a Justice League film.[1] The news came around the same time that Joss Whedon's long-developed Wonder Woman film had been canceled,[2] as well as The Flash, written and directed by David S. Goyer.[3] Titled Justice League: Mortal,[4] Michele and Kiernan Mulroney submitted their script to Warner Bros. in June 2007, receiving positive feedback,[5] which prompted the studio to immediately fast track production in the hopes of filming to begin before the 2007-2008 Writers Guild of America strike.[6] Warner Bros. was less willing to proceed on development with a sequel to Superman Returns, having been disappointed with the box office return. Brandon Routh was not approached to reprise the role of Superman in Justice League Mortal,[7] nor was Christian Bale from Batman Begins.[8] Warner Bros. intended for Justice League: Mortal to be the start of a new film franchise, and to branch out into separate sequels and spin-offs.[9] Shortly after filming finished with The Dark Knight,[10] Bale stated in an interview that "It’d be better if it doesn't tread on the toes of what our Batman series is doing," though he personally felt it would make more sense for Warner Bros. to release the film after The Dark Knight Rises.[8] Jason Reitman was the original choice to direct Justice League, but he turned it down, as he considers himself an independent filmmaker and prefers to stay out of big budget superhero films.[11] George Miller signed to direct in September 2007,[6] with Barrie Osbourne producing[12] on a projected $220 million budget.[13]

The following month roughly 40 actors and actresses were auditioning for the ensemble superhero roles, among them were Joseph Cross, Michael Angarano, Max Thieriot, Minka Kelly, Adrianne Palicki and Scott Porter. Miller intended to cast younger actors as he wanted them to "grow" into their roles over the course of several films.[10] D. J. Cotrona was cast as Superman,[9] along with Armie Hammer as Batman.[14] Jessica Biel reportedly declined the Wonder Woman role after being in negotiations.[15] The character was also linked to actresses Teresa Palmer and Shannyn Sossamon, along with Mary Elizabeth Winstead, who confirmed that she had auditioned.[16] Ultimately Megan Gale was cast as Wonder Woman,[17] while Palmer was cast as Talia al Ghul, whom Miller had in mind to act with a Russian accent.[18] The script for Justice League: Mortal would have featured the John Stewart character as the Green Lantern, a role originally offered to Columbus Short.[19] Hip hop recording artist and rapper Common was cast,[20] with Adam Brody as The Flash / Barry Allen,[21] and Jay Baruchel as the lead villain, Maxwell Lord.[22] Longtime Miller collaborator Hugh Keays-Byrne had been cast in an unnamed role, rumored to be Martian Manhunter. Aquaman had yet to be cast.[10][13] Marit Allen was hired as the original costume designer before her untimely death in November 2007,[23] and the responsibilities were assumed by Weta Workshop.[24]

However, the Writers Strike began that same month and placed the film on hold. Warner Bros. had to let the options lapse for the cast,[25] but development was fast tracked once more in February 2008 when the strike ended. Warner Bros. and Miller wanted to start filming immediately,[26] but production was pushed back three months.[9] Originally, the majority of Justice League: Mortal would be shot at Fox Studios Australia in Sydney,[13] with other locations scouted nearby at local colleges,[12] and Sydney Heads doubling for Happy Harbor.[4] The Australian Film Commission also had a say with casting choices, giving way for George Miller to cast Gale, Palmer and Keays-Bryne, all Australian natives. The production crew was composed entirely of Australians, but the Australian government denied Warner Bros. a 40 percent tax rebate as they felt they had not hired enough Australian actors.[13][27] Miller was frustrated, stating that "A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for the Australian film industry is being frittered away because of very lazy thinking. They're throwing away hundreds of millions of dollars of investment that the rest of the world is competing for and, much more significantly, highly skilled creative jobs."[28] Production offices were then moved to Vancouver Film Studios in Canada. Filming was pushed back to July 2008, while Warner Bros was still confident they could release the film for a summer 2009 release.[29][30]

With production delays continuing, and the success of The Dark Knight in 2008,[31] Warner Bros. decided to focus on development of individual films featuring the main heroes, allowing director Christopher Nolan to separately complete his Batman trilogy with The Dark Knight Rises in 2012. Gregory Noveck, senior vice president of creative affairs for DC Entertainment stated "we’re going to make a Justice League movie, whether it’s now or 10 years from now. But we’re not going to do it and Warners is not going to do it until we know it’s right."[32] Actor Adam Brody joked "They [Warner Brothers] just didn’t want to cross their streams with a whole bunch of Batmans in the universe."[33] Warner Bros. relaunched development for the solo Green Lantern film, released in 2011 as a critical and financial disappointment. Meanwhile, film adaptations for the The Flash and Wonder Woman continued to languish in development while filming for a Superman reboot was commencing in 2011 with Man of Steel, produced by Nolan and written by David S. Goyer.

DC Extended Universe

Main article: Justice League Part One

It was announced that Zack Snyder would also be directing Goyer's Justice League script.[34] Warner Bros. was reportedly courting Chris Terrio to rewrite Justice League the following July, after having been impressed with his rewrite of Batman v Superman.[35] In October 2014, Warner Bros. announced the film would be released in two parts as the fifth and tenth installments of the DC Extended Universe, with Part One releasing in 2017, and Part Two in 2019. Snyder will direct both films.[36] It is expected that Fisher will reprise his role as Cyborg;[37] while Jason Momoa will appear as Aquaman and Ezra Miller will appear as The Flash.[38] In July 2015, it was revealed that Terrio had completed the draft of the script of Part One.[39] In January 2016, Variety reported that Amber Heard was in talks for the role of Mera in the two part films and Aquaman.[40] The film will be shot in the U.K. On January 19, 2016, concept art was released for the film confirming Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Aquaman, Cyborg and the Flash as the official lineup, though Geoff Johns hints that a Green Lantern and the Green Lantern Corps will eventually join the roster and appear in the movie.[41][42] In February 2016, Entertainment Weekly reported that filming for Justice League will commence on April 11 at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden in southeast England, as well as various locations around London and in Iceland.[43] In March 2016, it was announced that J. K. Simmons will play James Gordon in the upcoming two part film.[44] That same month, Amber Heard was confirmed to Entertainment Tonight that she will be portraying Mera.[45] The film would reportedly have a lighter tone than Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice.[46]

Animation

Other appearances

The Justice League appears in The Lego Movie, with Superman voiced by Channing Tatum, Batman voiced by Will Arnett, Wonder Woman by Cobie Smulders, and Green Lantern (Hal Jordan) by Jonah Hill. Flash (Barry Allen) and Aquaman also appear in the movie, although they have no lines.[51] The Justice League will also appear in The Lego Batman Movie. Here, the roster consists of Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern (Hal Jordan), The Flash (Barry Allen), Aquaman, Cyborg and Green Arrow.

Television

Justice League of America has been adapted for television numerous times.

Animation

Live action

  • Legends of the Superheroes was a 1979 two-part special that adapted the Justice League. It featured Adam West, Burt Ward, and Frank Gorshin returning to their roles from the 1966-1968 live-action Batman television series: Batman, Robin, and the Riddler respectively. Other heroes portrayed on the show included Black Canary, Captain Marvel, Flash, Green Lantern, Hawkman, Huntress, and more.
  • Justice League of America was a series pilot produced for CBS in 1997, but failed to sell. The pilot used less well-known characters to avoid the licensing issues surrounding Batman, Superman, and Wonder Woman.[citation needed] The characters used were the Guy Gardner Green Lantern, Fire, Ice, the Barry Allen Flash, and the Ray Palmer Atom set against a version of the Weather Wizard.
  • Smallville featured a version of the Justice League in its sixth season episode "Justice". The members of the team were drawn from versions of DC Comics heroes that had previously appeared in the show: "Impulse" from the season four episode "Run"; "Aquaman" (A.C.) from the season five episode "Aqua"; "Cyborg" (Victor Stone) from the season five episode of the same name, and "Green Arrow" who had been appearing as a regular character through season Six. The episode had the team temporarily recruiting main characters Clark Kent, who Green Arrow dubs "Boy Scout", and Chloe Sullivan, who acts as the team's advisor through a computer network under the codename "Watchtower". Later, in the Season Seven episode "Siren", Dinah Lance joined Oliver's team as the "Black Canary". She returns in the Season Eight premiere with Aquaman and Green Arrow to find Clark. However, after A.C. and Dinah have their identities exposed, Oliver makes the call for the team to temporarily disband. Later in the season, when Oliver reconnects with his heroic side in "Identity", the team reunites. In the episode "Bulletproof", it is mentioned that Detective John Jones (Martian Manhunter) has helped Oliver's team and got Oliver out of trouble with the police and is considered a member of the team. Clark and Chloe become more involved with the League as well, with Clark joining Bart on a mission in Keystone during "Hex", whilst in the same episode Chloe becomes a full-time 'Watchtower' for the team. Dr. Emil is a staff physician at Metropolis General Hospital and Metropolis University, who is also on Oliver Queen's payroll. Season Eight concludes with Flash, Black Canary, Green Arrow, and Clark working together to stop Doomsday. In the closing scenes Chloe reveals that Bart, Dinah, and Oliver have gone missing. In season 9 episode "Absolute Justice" members Green Arrow, Clark, John Jones, and Chloe aid members of the Justice Society of America. In the episode Doctor Fate restores John Jones's powers.

Video games

Parodies

  • A television commercial for Alltell Wireless depicts a group of superheroes who vaguely resemble the Justice League, including lookalikes for Black Lightning and Hawkgirl.[weasel words][citation needed]
  • In the Tiny Toon Adventures episode "New Class Day" the Supertoons - referring to themselves as the Just-Us League - consisting of Superbun (a parody of Superman), Wonder Babs (Wonder Woman), Little Dasher (Flash), Hawk Loon (Hawkgirl), Keen Arrow (Green Arrow), Scentanna (Zatanna), Pink Canary (Black Canary) and Aqua Mutt (Aquaman) invite Batduck (Batman) and Decoy (Robin) to join their group when they are attacked by Wex Wuthor (Lex Luthor).
  • In a South Park episode that had the boys join a cult led by magician David Blaine, the boys return to their faith in traditional religions by enlisting the help of Jesus. After a confrontation where Blaine defeats Jesus, Jesus realizes he needs the help of his "Super Best Friends." The team consists of key religious figures from other religions to include Vishnu, Muhammad, Buddha, Joseph Smith and Moses (who is depicted as a supercomputer), plus "Seaman", a parody of Aquaman whose name is pronounced in derision by the other characters as "semen".

Songs

  • The song "I'll Be Your Wonder Woman" by Dorit mentions the Justice League.
  • The song "Dynamite!" by American hip hop band The Roots mentions the Justice League.

References

  1. ^ Pamela McClintock; Ben Fritz (February 22, 2007). "'Justice' prevails for Warner Bros". Variety. Retrieved April 12, 2007.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (February 2, 2007). "Joss Whedon Won't Write, Direct 'Wonder Woman' — Despite Doing 'A Lot Of Legwork'". MTV News. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  3. ^ Barnes, Jessica (February 3, 2007). "David Goyer Booted Off The Flash". Moviefone. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  4. ^ a b Boland, Michaela (March 28, 2008). "Will Australia get Justice League?". Variety. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  5. ^ McClintock, Pamela (June 15, 2007). "Justice League film gets script". Variety. Retrieved March 14, 2008.
  6. ^ a b Garrett, Diane (September 20, 2007). "George Miller to lead Justice League". Variety. Retrieved September 20, 2007.
  7. ^ Frosty (April 23, 2008). "Brandon Routh Exclusive Video Interview – Lie To Me". Collider.com. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  8. ^ a b Howard, Rachel (August 21, 2007). "Interview: Is Christian Bale In or Out of WB's 'Justice League'?". IESB. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved November 1, 2008. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ a b c Cieply, Michael (March 1, 2008). "A Film's Superheroes Face Threat of Strike". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  10. ^ a b c Kit, Borys (October 15, 2007). "The Vine: Young actors seek Justice". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 16, 2008.
  11. ^ Sciretta, Peter (April 10, 2008). "Jason Reitman Turns Down Justice League". Slash Film. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  12. ^ a b "Sydney mooted as location for Megan Gale's Wonder Woman flick". The Daily Telegraph. February 20, 2008.
  13. ^ a b c d Maddox, Garry (February 25, 2008). "Unhappy feet may flee Sydney". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved February 25, 2008.
  14. ^ Malkin, Marc (September 25, 2008). "Holy Double Take, Batman! Here Comes a New Caped Crusader". E! Online. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  15. ^ Siegel, Tatiana (September 24, 2007). "Jessica Biel in talks for Justice". Variety. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  16. ^ Adler, Shawn (October 26, 2007). "Mary Elizabeth Winstead Envisions Bulking Up For Wonder Woman". MTV Movies Blog. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  17. ^ Diane Garrett; Michael Fleming (January 16, 2008). "Warner pulls plug on Justice League". Variety. Retrieved March 15, 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ Philbrick, Jami (November 20, 2010). "Exclusive: Teresa Palmer Still Wants to Play Talia Al Ghul in The Dark Knight Rises". Movieweb.com. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  19. ^ Carroll, Larry (October 30, 2007). "Columbus Short Turns Down Lantern Ring For Justice League". MTV Movies Blog. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  20. ^ Adler, Shawn (February 8, 2008). "Common Confirms He's Green Lantern In Justice League". MTV Movies Blog. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  21. ^ Carroll, Larry (September 2, 2009). "Adam Brody Remembers His 'Justice League' Flash Suit, Before The Project Sprinted Away Forever". MTV Splash Page. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  22. ^ Sampson, Mike (August 4, 2008). "Jay Talks 'JLA' and Seth". JoBlo.com. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  23. ^ "Costumer Marit Allen dies at 66". Variety. November 30, 2007. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  24. ^ Cardy, Tom (January 7, 2008). "Weta triumphs in clash of the superheroes". The Dominion Post. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  25. ^ Boland, Michaela (January 17, 2008). "Australia denies killing Justice League". Variety. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  26. ^ Hornery, Andrew (February 9, 2008). "Gale is lassoed for film". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved February 27, 2008.
  27. ^ Buchanan, Kyle (October 20, 2010). "The Social Network's Armie Hammer Talks Special Effects, Misogyny, and the Downside of Being Tall and Handsome". New York. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  28. ^ Maddox, Garry (March 19, 2008). "Mega movie refused rebate". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved March 19, 2008.
  29. ^ Garrett, Diane (February 26, 2008). "Warner Bros. to serve 'Justice' in '09". Variety. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
  30. ^ Michael Fleming; Pamela McClintock (February 27, 2008). "Film greenlights in limbo". Variety. Retrieved March 15, 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ Seijas, Casey (March 9, 2009). "Justice League' Movie Still A Possibility, Says Director... Just Not Anytime Soon". MTV Splash Page. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  32. ^ Marc Graser; Dave McNary; David S. Cohen (August 15, 2008). "WB taps into ties at DC Comics". Variety. Retrieved November 1, 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  33. ^ Norton, Damen (June 26, 2013). "Adam Brody on Some Girl(s), Neil LaBute and the Justice League Movie". Heyuguys.com. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  34. ^ Stedman, Alex (April 27, 2014). "Zack Snyder to Direct 'Justice League' Movie". Variety. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  35. ^ Fleming, Mike (July 25, 2014). "'Batman V Superman' Scribe Chris Terrio For 'Justice League'". Deadline.com. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  36. ^ Fischer, Russ (October 15, 2014). "DC Comics Movies Announced: 'Suicide Squad,' 'Wonder Woman,' 'Justice League,' 'The Flash,' 'Aquaman'". /Film. Retrieved October 15, 2014.
  37. ^ Lee, Chris (October 21, 2014). "DC's 'Cyborg,' Ray Fisher, didn't know he was getting his own movie". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  38. ^ McMillian, Graeme (October 20, 2014). "Jason Momoa Talks 'Aquaman' Plans, Confirms 'Justice League' Appearance". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  39. ^ "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Scenes Described, Justice League Script Complete". July 2015.
  40. ^ Kroll, Justin (January 13, 2016). "Amber Heard in Talks for 'Aquaman' Female Lead (Exclusive)". Variety.
  41. ^ Chitwood, Adam (November 13, 2015). "'Wonder Woman' and 'Justice League' Filming Locations and Schedule Revealed". Collider.
  42. ^ Breznican, Anthony (March 3, 2016). "How Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice maps out DC's movie universe". Entertainment Weekly.
  43. ^ Breznican, Anthony (February 22, 2016). "Justice League begins shooting April 11 - EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
  44. ^ Ford, Rebecca (March 7, 2016). "Justice League' Adds J.K. Simmons as Commissioner Gordon (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  45. ^ Kile, Meredith B. (March 17, 2016). "EXCLUSIVE: Amber Heard Confirms Her 'Aquaman' Role in 'Justice League', Dishes on 'Interesting' Mera Costume". ET Online.
  46. ^ Why Justice League Won't Be as Dark as Batman v Superman
  47. ^ "World's Collide". Jl.toonzone.net. Retrieved September 13, 2010.
  48. ^ "New Details Arise For Upcoming "Justice League: Crisis On Two Earths" Animated Feature". Worldsfinestonline.com. Retrieved September 13, 2010.
  49. ^ "Nathan Fillion, Tim Daly and Michael Rosenbaum Join Justice League: Doom - Today's News: Our Take". TV Guide. September 26, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2013.
  50. ^ "Target-Exclusive "JLA Adventures: Trapped In Time" Movie Hitting DVD January 21st, 2014". Worldsfinestonline.com. January 15, 2014. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
  51. ^ Gallagher, Brian (January 13, 2014). "The LEGO Movie: Batman, Superman and Green Lantern Team-Up in New TV Spot". Movieweb.com. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
  52. ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (July 23, 2010). "Comic-Con 2010: Young Justice Goes Under Cover". UGO Networks. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
  53. ^ Weisman, Greg (December 1, 2010). "Young Justice Pilot Movie Credits". Ask Greg. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  54. ^ Harvey, James (January 18, 2011). "Voice Cast Updates, Characters Revealed For "Young Justice" Animated Series". News. The World's Finest. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  55. ^ http://www.ew.com/article/2016/01/29/new-justice-league-cartoon-announcement
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