Korolyov, Moscow Oblast
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Korolyov
Королёв | |
|---|---|
 Entrance to the city (October 2003). | |
.gif) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Korolyov  | |
  Korolyov Location of Korolyov  Korolyov Korolyov (Moscow Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 55°55′N 37°49′E / 55.917°N 37.817°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast |
| Founded | 1938 |
| Government | |
| • Body | City council |
| • Mayor[1] | Alexander Morozenko[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 51.95 km2 (20.06 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 160 m (520 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Estimate (2018)[2] | 222,952 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [3]) |
| Postal code(s)[4] | 141070–141080 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 495 |
| OKTMO ID | 46734000001 |
| Website | korolev |
Korolyov or Korolev (Russian: Королёв) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well-known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration. It was originally founded as Kaliningrad (Калинингра́д) in 1938 by Vasily Boldyrev, Naum Nosovsky, and Mikhail Loginov as the leading Soviet center for production of anti-tank and air-defense guns.
However, after World War II the artillery plant was reconstructed in 1946 for production of rockets, launch vehicles, and spacecraft under the guidance of Russian scientist and academician Sergei Korolyov. He envisioned, consolidated and guided the activities of many people in the Soviet space-exploration program. That plant later became known as RKK Energia, and in July 1996 the city was officially renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolyov.
Mission Control Center ("Центр Управления Полетами", Tsentr Upravleniya Polyotami, "ЦУП" TsUP) is also located in Korolyov.
While the Vostok space vehicle was being developed this research centre was designated as NII-88 or POB 989.
History
In the 12th century, a Slavic settlement was located on the site of modern Korolyov. The settlement stood on a junction of trade routes between the Moscow and Vladimir-Suzdal principalities. After the Mongol invasion in the 13th century, the region was in decline. In the 18th century, one of the first textile factories in Russia was established here.
In 1924, the first OGPU working commune in the Soviet Union was established here. In 1938, the town of Kaliningrad was founded in place of the Kalininsky settlement near an artillery plant, which had previously been evacuated from Leningrad.
The area was a place of elite dachas at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Many famous people, such as Konstantin Stanislavski, Anton Chekhov, Valery Bryusov, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Isaac Levitan, Pavel Tretyakov, Marina Tsvetaeva, and Vladimir Lenin, lived here.
Demographics
As of 2002, Korolyov was the seventh-largest city in Moscow Oblast, with a population of 142,568 (2002 Census).[5] In 2007, it became the fourth-largest one in the oblast with a population of 173,600[6], mostly because of an influx of new inhabitants considering it one of the most attractive places to live near Moscow.
Economy
The main enterprise of the city is the RKK Energia, but there are several kinds of industry in the city. This naukograd (science city) is the place in which was built the first Youth Residential Complex in USSR.
Sports
The bandy club Vympel[1] plays in the second-highest division of the Russian Bandy League.[7]
References
- ^ a b "Information about the Mayor of the city of Korolyov" (in Russian language). City of Korolyov. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ "Регионы России. Основные социально-экономические показатели городов. Центральный федеральный округ, Московская область, стр. 54" (in Russian language). Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "КАЛЕНДАРЬ —игр Первенства России по хоккею с мячом среди команд первой лиги — на сезон 2008/09 г.г." (in Russian language).