Lummelunda
Lummelunda
Lummelunda and Etebols[1] | |
|---|---|
.JPG) Lummelunda Church | |
| Country | Sweden |
| Province | Gotland |
| County | Gotland County |
| Municipality | Gotland Municipality |
| Area | |
• Total | 23.79 km2 (9.19 sq mi) |
| Population (2012)[3] | |
• Total | 444 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | lummelundaannorlunda |
Lummelunda (sometimes referred to as "Lummelunda and Etebols") is a village situated in Gotland Municipality, Gotland County, Sweden, situated approximately 17 km (11 mi) north of Visby. It is a joint parish with Stenkyrka. Lummelunda is most noted for the Lummelunda Cave, one of the longest caves in Sweden, and the mill with the largest water wheel in northern Europe.
History
The name is probably from the vicarage, in 1350 known as Lomalunda. The meaning of the first part of the name is unknown, the second part lund means "grove", can have been intended for a sacred grove.[4]
A couple of graves from the Stone Age has been found at Lummelunda, as well as fifteen grave fields from the Iron Age and ground grooves on both boulders and slabs.[5][6][7] The church of Lummelunda is medieval.[8]
During the use of the Swedish allotment system, the boatswains of Lummelunda were part of the 1st Gotlandic Boatswain Company.[9][10] The Nyhamn harbor is situated at Lummelunda.
Mills
The water in the Lummelunda stream has been used for industry since the Middle Ages. Three mills are named, the Topmost (Översta kvarn), the Middle (Mellersta kvarn) and the Lowest (Nedersta kvarn). The water wheels were used for grinding grains, saw mills and textile mills for manufacturing wadmal. The height of the industry at Lummelunda was during the 17th century, when ironworks at the stream processed iron ore shipped from Utö in the Stockholm archipelago. As of 2015[update], only the Topmost Mill remains. It has the largest water wheel in northern Europe. The adjacent Lummelund Manor was built in the 1805.[11][12]
Geography
Lummelunda is on the northwest coast of Gotland with the Lummelunda stream to the south. The land is mainly plains with high and steep, forested cliffs to the north. Lummeluda is a farming district.[13]
One of Sweden's longest caves, the Lummelunda Cave, is situated at Lummelunda. The cave is part of a nature reserve with the same name as the cave, Lummelundagrottan. The reserve, established in 1989, is 17 ha (42 acres) and includes the cave and the ground above it.[14]
One of the asteroids in the Asteroid belt, 10132 Lummelunda, is named after this settlement.[15]
References
- ^ "Småorter 2010" (PDF). www.scb.se. Statistiska Central Byrån. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ Carlquist, Gunnar, ed. (1947–1955). Svensk uppslagsbok (in Swedish) (2:nd ed.). Malmö: Förlagshuset Norden. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ "Gotland i siffror 2013, pdf". www.gotland.se. Region Gotland. p. 67. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ Wahlberg, Mats (2003). Svenskt ortnamnslexikon. Uppsala: Institutet för språk och folkminnen. Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand. ISBN 91-7229-020-X.
- ^ Sjögren, Otto, ed. (1931). Sverige: geografisk beskrivning. D. 2, Östergötlands, Jönköpings, Kronobergs, Kalmar och Gotlands län (in Swedish). Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ "Lummelunda, sökresultat". www.fmis.raa.se. Riksantikvarieämbetet. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ "Lummelunda socken". www.historiska.se. Historiska museet. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ Svahnström, Gunnar (1973). Lagerlöf, Erland (ed.). Gotlands kyrkor (in Swedish). Uddevalla: Rabén & Sjögren. pp. 204–206. ISBN 9129410355.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "1:a Gotlands båtsmanskompani 09". Riksarkivet. Nationell Arkivdatabas. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ Högman, Hans. "Svenska regementen under indelningsverket". www.algonet.se. Hans Högmans Släktforskning. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ Enderborg, Bernt. "Lummelunds Bruk". www.guteinfo.com. Guteinfo. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
- ^ Lundberg, Erik B. (1939). Lummelunds bruk: anteckningar om de gotländska järnbruken. Jernkontorets bergshistoriska skriftserie, 0347-4283 ; 8. Stockholm: Jernkontoret.
- ^ "Lummelunda kyrka". www.guteinfo.se. Guteinfo.se. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
- ^ "Bildande av naturresrevatet Lummelundagrotta i Lummelunda socken, Gotlands Kommun" (PDF). www.lansstyrelsen.se (in Swedish). The County Administrative Boards of Gotland County. 20 March 1989. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
- ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser". NASA. Retrieved 2008-05-04.
