Nyitra County
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
| Nyitra County | |
|---|---|
| County of the Kingdom of Hungary | |
| 11th century–1920 | |
.svg) Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital | Nyitra |
| Area | |
• 1910 | 5,519 km2 (2,131 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1910 | 457,455 |
| History | |
• Established | 11th century |
• Abolished | 1920 |
| Today part of |  Slovakia |
| Nitra is the current name of the capital. | |
Nyitra County (Hungarian: Nyitra vármegye; German: Neutraer Gespanschaft/Komitat Neutra; Latin: Comitatus Nitriensis; Slovak: Nitriansky komitát / Nitrianska stolica / Nitrianska župa) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory lay in what is now western Slovakia.
Geography
Nyitra County shared borders with the Austrian land Moravia and Trencsén County, Turóc County, Bars County, Komárom County and Pozsony County. In its final phase, it was a strip of land between the Morava river in the north and the town of Érsekújvár (present-day Nové Zámky) in the south, plus an outlier around the town of Privigye (present-day Prievidza). The river Vág (present-day Váh) flowed through the county. Its area was 5519 km² around 1910.
Capitals
The capital of the county was the Nitra Castle (In Hungarian: nyitrai vár) and since the Late Middle Ages the town of Nyitra (present-day Nitra).
History
A predecessor to Nyitra county existed as early as in the 9th century at the time of Great Moravia. Around 1000, Nyitra county arose as one of the first comitatus of the Kingdom of Hungary. The southern part, including the town Nyitra, was ruled as Uyvar Province between 1663–1685 by Ottoman Empire. The county shortly ceased to exist as a separate administrative unit between 1850 and 1853, when it was split into Upper Nyitra County (including Bánovce (Hungarian: Bán) district from Trencsén County) and Lower Nyitra County (including Oslany (Hungarian: Oszlány) district from Bars County).
After World War I, Nyitra county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. Nitra county (Nitrianska župa) continued to exist within its original borders until 1923, when it was replaced by so-called "Nitra Great County", officaly The County XIV. (Nitrianska). In 1928, Nitra County was abolished like all other counties in Slovakia. During the First Slovak Republic the county was shortly restored (1940-1945), however without southern parts annexed by Hungary in November 1938, as a result of the First Vienna Award.
Demographics
1900
In 1900, the county had a population of 428,296 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]
Total:
- Slovak: 312,601 (73.0%)
- Hungarian: 80,962 (18.9%)
- German: 32,370 (7.6%)
- Romanian: 40 (0.0%)
- Croatian: 17 (0.0%)
- Ruthenian: 17 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 9 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 2,280 (0.5%)
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]
Total:
- Roman Catholic: 337,905 (78.9%)
- Lutheran: 57,203 (13.4%)
- Jewish: 24,935 (5.8%)
- Calvinist: 8,035 (1.9%)
- Greek Catholic: 93 (0.0%)
- Greek Orthodox: 56 (0.0%)
- Unitarian: 14 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 55 (0.0%)
1910
In 1910, the county had a population of 457,455 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[3]
Total:
- Slovak: 324,664 (71.0%)
- Hungarian: 100,324 (22.0%)
- German: 27,937 (6.1%)
- Croatian: 81 (0.0%)
- Romanian: 39 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 26 (0.0%)
- Ruthenian: 13 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 4,371 (0.9%)
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[4]
Total:
- Roman Catholic: 369,225 (80.8%)
- Lutheran: 56,676 (12.4%)
- Jewish: 22,942 (5.0%)
- Calvinist: 8,238 (1.8%)
- Greek Catholic: 156 (0.0%)
- Greek Orthodox: 65 (0.0%)
- Unitarian: 9 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 144 (0.0%)
Subdivisions
The subdivisions of Nyitra county were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Érsekújvár | Nagysurány, SK Šurany |
| Galgóc | Galgóc, SK Hlohovec |
| Miava | Miava, SK Myjava |
| Nagytapolcsány | Nagytapolcsány, SK Topoľčany |
| Nyitra | Nyitra, SK Nitra |
| Nyitrazsámbokrét | Nyitrazsámbokrét, SK Žabokreky nad Nitrou |
| Pöstyén | Pöstyén, SK Piešťany |
| Privigye | Privigye, SK Prievidza |
| Szakolca | Holics, SK Holíč |
| Szenice | Szenice, SK Senica |
| Vágsellye | Tornóc, SK Trnovec nad Váhom |
| Vágújhely | Vágújhely, SK Nové Mesto nad Váhom |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Érsekújvár, SK Nové Zámky | |
| Nyitra, SK Nitra | |
| Szakolca, SK Skalica | |
References
- ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
