2001 Taiwanese legislative election

For the municipal elections held in 2001, see Republic of China municipal elections, 2001.

Republic of China (Taiwan) legislative election, 2001

1 December 2001
All 225 seats to the Legislative Yuan 113 seats are needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Chen Shui-bian Lien Chan Party DPP Kuomintang Leader since May 20, 2000 March 20, 2000 Last election 70 seats, 29.56% 123 seats, 46.43% Seats before 70 122 Seats won 87 68 Seat change 18 55 Popular vote 3,447,740 2,949,371 Percentage 36.6% 31.3%   Third party Fourth party   Leader Soong Chu-yu Lee Teng-hui (paramount leader) Party People First TSU Leader since March 31, 2000 August 12, 2001 Last election — — Seats before 0 0 Seats won 46 13 Seat change 46 13 Popular vote 1,917,836 801,560 Percentage 20.3% 8.5%
Election results
President of the Legislative Yuan before election Wang Jin-pyng Kuomintang Elected President of the Legislative Yuan Wang Jin-pyng Kuomintang

The Election for the 5th Legislative Yuan (Chinese: 五屆立法委員選舉) of the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan was held on 1 December 2001. All 225 seats of the Legislative Yuan were up for election: 168 elected by popular vote, 41 elected on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected from overseas Chinese constituencies on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected by popular vote among the aboriginal populations. Members served three year terms from February 1, 2002 to February 1, 2005.

Background

The first national election to be held after Chen Shui-bian's victory in the 2000 presidential election, the election resulted for the first time in the Kuomintang (KMT) losing its majority and President Chen's Democratic Progressive Party to emerging as the largest party in the legislature. However, the Pan-Blue Coalition developed between the Kuomintang, the People First Party and the New Party, enabled the Chinese reunificationist and conservative opposition to muster a slim majority over the pro-Taiwan independence Pan-Green Coalition formed between the Democratic Progressive Party and the Taiwan Solidarity Union. This resulted in much of President Chen's agenda being derailed or deadlocked for the following three years.

Overall

Political Party	Overall votes	Overall %	Local	At-large	Aboriginal	Overseas	Total seats	Change
File:Green Taiwan in White Cross.svg Democratic Progressive Party*	3,447,740	36.6%	69	15	0	3	87	+21
Kuomintang*	2,949,371	31.3%	49	13	4	2	68	-46
Template:PFP*	1,917,836	20.3%	33	9	2	2	46	+29
Template:TSU*	801,560	8.5%	8	4	0	1	13	+13
Template:New Party Taiwan	269,620	2.9%	1	0	0	0	1	-8
Template:IND-TW	52,342	0.4%	8	0	2	0	10	-9
Eligible voters			15,822,684
Votes cast			10,468,990 (66.2%)
Invalid votes			141,135 (01.3%)
Valid votes			10,327,855 (98.7%)
*5% vote threshold needed for proportional seat assignment

Results

The KMT lost its majority for the first time, losing 46 seats and falling to 68 seats. The largest party had become the DPP with 87 seats, followed by the KMT, and the PFP with 46 seats. Various parties and independents held the remainder. The Chinese New Party which lost all of its seat except the one seat on Quemoy while the newly formed Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU) captured 13 seats, with independents holding on to 10 seats. Overall the pan-blue opposition got 115 seats, whilt the government pan-green got 100 seats. The pan-blue remained majority.

Part of the KMT's loss could be attributed to defections to both the People First Party and Taiwan Solidarity Union. The People First Party formed by James Soong and his supporters after the 2000 presidential elections. Soong had been expelled from the KMT after launching an independent bid for the presidency and narrowly lost the race to Chen Shui-bian. The Taiwan Solidarity Union was formed by supporters of former President and KMT Chairman Lee Teng-hui, who took the title of "spiritual leader" in the party. For this, Lee was also expelled from the KMT. Though the both offshoots of the Kuomintang, the People First Party advocated a more conservative position than the KMT while the Taiwan Solidarity Union took on a radical pro-independence stance. After Lee's expulsion, the KMT and PFP had a warming of relations and cooperated in the election. The more moderate pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party cooperated with the Taiwan Solidarity Union likewise, leading to the formation of the pan-blue and pan-green coalitions.

The KMT's loss in the election could also be attributed partly to the single non-transferable voting scheme in place. Though the DPP won 40% of the seats they only polled 36% of the vote because of the inability of the KMT, PFP, and New Party to coordinate their electoral strategies. This led to more stringent vote allocation strategies by pan-blue in 2004, which helped prevent pan-green from gaining a majority.

See also

• Elections in the Republic of China