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Tabernacle (concert hall)

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The Tabernacle
Baptist Tabernacle
House of Blues
The Tabernacle front entrance in January 2009
Map
Address152 Luckie Street
Atlanta, Georgia
United States
OwnerLive Nation
TypeIndoor concert hall
Capacity2600
Construction
Opened1911
Years active1911-1991, 1996-present
ArchitectReuben Harrison Hunt
Website
www.tabernacleatl.com

The Tabernacle, also nicknamed The Tabby,[1][2] is a mid-size concert hall in the U.S. city of Atlanta. The Tabernacle has been a venue for notable acts, including Guns N' Roses, The Black Crowes, Adele, Eminem, Kendrick Lamar, Robbie Williams, Alice in Chains, Bob Dylan, Prince & The New Power Generation, The 1975 and Atlanta's own Mastodon, among others. Along with music concerts, the venue also holds many comedy tours annually including Bob Saget, Lisa Lampanelli, Cheech & Chong and Stephen Lynch. The Tabernacle is managed by concert promoter Live Nation and has a seating capacity of 2,600 people.

History

The building is over a century old and has a varied history.

Baptist Tabernacle (1898—1994)

Dr. Len G. Broughton was recruited from Virginia to become pastor of Third Baptist Church in Atlanta in March 1898. Within a year he had founded a new Baptist Tabernacle church on the southwest corner of Luckie and Harris streets (now the middle of Centennial Olympic Park).[3] Rev. Broughton was closely associated with the church in its early years, leading the local press to refer to it as "Broughton's Tabernacle," though this was never the official name of the church or any of its buildings.[4] The new church was quite successful and had to be expanded several times to accommodate growth.[5]

The cornerstone of the building, placed March 1910.

Seeing need for further growth, Broughton sought another location closer to the center of town, which led to the current property on Luckie St. However his Board of Deacons found the price too high and declined to buy it. As a result, Broughton himself and a few of his deacons bought the property[3] on July 7, 1906 and gave it to the church. The Atlanta Constitution reported the $52,000 transaction on its front page, reporting it as "one of the most important real estate and church transactions ever made in Atlanta" and described an auditorium "eight or ten stories in height" and estimated construction cost at $250,000.[6]

R.H. Hunt's original proposed design, 1907.

The building was designed by noted Chattanooga architect Reuben Harrison Hunt,[7] along with three other buildings for the same site including a nurses dormitory and a hospital building. (None of these other buildings survive to the present day). The plans were revealed in November 1907 and depict a church building somewhat larger than what was finally constructed, extending all the way to the corner of Luckie and Spring Street (see photo).[8]

Ground-breaking ceremonies were held for the new building on August 17, 1909, at which time the construction cost had been revised to $125,000. At the time the membership of the church was 1,850 (up from 350 at its founding ten years before). Broughton, who was preaching at Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church at the time, was not present at the ground-breaking.[9]

The cornerstone for the building was laid at the end of the 1910 Bible Conference held at the church. Immediately after a sermon by F. B. Meyer on March 9, 1910, an "immense crowd" adjourned to the construction site. Meyer said at the ceremony, "I believe that this will be an historic occasion, not only in the history of the church, but not unworthy to be chronicled in the history of this great and beautiful city." Paul Dwight Moody (son of D.L. Moody) also spoke at the ceremony. Broughton placed some papers in the stone including that day's program, the membership roll of the church and a list of officers. He capped the stone and sealed it with mortar.[10]

R.H. Hunt's architectural rendering of the final design, 1909.

The structure measures 147 by 130 feet with an exterior of red brick trimmed by granite. The style is neoclassical with Ionic columns and arches on the facade.[7] The auditorium would seat 4,000 people (including the galleries) and the Sunday school facilities below could seat 3,000. The rostrum could accommodate a chorus of 500 people and featured a pipe organ that cost $15,000. The original planned opening was in May 1911,[11] but this was eventually delayed.

The first services in the new building were held on September 3, 1911 beginning with a Sunday school at 9:30 (attended by 2,000). The doors opened for the main service at 10:40 am, by which time some people had been waiting two hours to enter.[12] A week-long dedication for the church was held from September 10–17, 1911, during which as many as 8,000 people crowded into the auditorium and hundreds more were turned away.[7]

On the very first day in the new building, Broughton gave a sermon criticizing local politicians for standing in the way of prohibition.[12] Aside from the temperance movement, Broughton was outspoken on other political issues, and over the coming years he would have guest speakers appear at the Tabernacle toward this end. These included (then Vice President elect) Calvin Coolidge,[13] Frank Hanly[14] and others. Guest religious speakers appeared as well including Russell Conwell,[3] G. Campbell Morgan[15] Billy Sunday[16] and George Washington Truett.[17]

Photo of the rostrum showing the choir seats and large pipe organ, 1920.

The congregation reached its peak in the 1950s with a membership of over 3,000. However, the phenomenon of white flight caused the church to go into decline in the decades afterward. By the 1980s, attendance at the church had dwindled to around 500, and it had trouble attracting a permanent pastor.[18]

An attempt by the city government to give the building historic status was resisted in 1989, the members citing a loan plan necessary to insure the survival of the church.[19] The congregation's troubles continued after that, leading a later pastor to attempt a fast to encourage donations to save the church. (At this time the church was making ends meet via revenue from the two adjacent parking lots which it owned).[20] These efforts were ultimately unsuccessful. In December 1991 the congregation, then numbering about 100, voted to cease having services there and ordered the trustees to find a buyer for the building.[21]

The building's history as a church ended on Friday, October 14, 1994 when it was sold (along with the offices and the two parking lots) for $2.2 million to a group of investors led by James B. Cumming who intended to redevelop the area in conjunction with the 1996 Summer Olympics. Its position just across from Centennial Olympic Park made it very attractive as a potential Olympic entertainment venue.[22]

House of Blues (1996—1997)

The Tabernacle during a show
The stage

At least two different teams attempted to develop the building as a venue for the Olympics with little success.[23] As the event approached, it looked for a time that no deal would come together. Then, in April 1996, Isaac Tigrett visited Atlanta with other investors and cut a deal to open a House of Blues in the building in time for the Olympics. Prior to this, Atlanta had not been a planned expansion location for House of Blues.[24] Tigrett gave his partner Lance Sterling the go-ahead for the project with only 45 days available, even after Sterling had told him even 60 days was too short a time. Despite this short lead time, the venue was ready when the Olympics opened in July 1996.[25]

The first act to perform (on July 19 & 20) was The Blues Brothers (with Dan Aykroyd, James Belushi and John Goodman)'[26] along with featured performers such as James Cotton, Luther "Guitar Jr." Johnson, Booker T. & the M.G.'s, Eddie Floyd, Tommy "Pipes" McDonald, Billy Boy Arnold and Paul Shaffer.[27] Other well-known performers during the Olympic run included James Brown, Johnny Cash, Al Green and Jerry Lee Lewis.[28] Lesser-known acts who appeared included Burning Spear, Johnny Clegg and Juluka, Third World, Tito Puente and His Latin Jazz All-Stars, and Celia Cruz.[29] At the close of the Olympics, Bob Dylan performed two shows on August 3 & 4.[30]

Civic leaders in Atlanta had high hopes that House of Blues would continue as a permanent downtown attraction, especially when the lease was extended through January 1997. But immediately after the Olympics were finished, word came that it would shut down.[31] Efforts were launched to convince Tigrett to continue in Atlanta, but the local investment money he insisted upon ($4 million by some accounts[32]) could not be found.[24]

Some concerts were held at the venue under the House of Blues name beginning in 1997 through the efforts of Lance Sterling.[25] The trial run began on Wednesday, November 12, 1997 with a concert by Hall & Oates.[32] House of Blues ended its relationship with Atlanta when its lease expired for the last time in January 1998. City leaders continued negotiations with Sterling, who said "This is the premier venue in the Southeast. I am personally committed to making downtown Atlanta a venue, and I'm calling everybody I know to make this happen."[33]

The Tabernacle (1998—present)

The Flaming Lips performing Sept. 13, 2006.

On March 11, 1998 Lance Sterling announced that he had entered into a 30-year lease agreement and was investing $2 million of his own money to develop the building. The venue was renamed The Tabernacle at this time. The reopening was set for March 28, the same day that Centennial Olympic Park was set to reopen across the street.[34] The Tabernacle operated as a successful concert venue under Sterling's management for almost two years.

Eventually Sterling (whose home is in California) found the business was conflicting with his family life. "I would spend a week there and a week home. It was just too much," he said.[35] He sold his interest in the building to SFX Entertainment (now Live Nation) on December 17, 1999.

At the same time as the SFX sale, local music promoters Alex Cooley and Peter Conlon announced that they would move their Cotton Club to the basement of the building (the former Sunday school room) as an additional feature of the venue.[36] Cotton Club reopened Friday, February 11, 2000 with a show by Staind.[37] Cotton Club operated in the lower level of The Tabernacle until November 20, 2004. The last performer was Helmet.[38]

The Tabernacle continues as a major concert venue in Atlanta into 2013. Conan O'Brien hosted a week of Conan shows at The Tabernacle between April 1—4, 2013.[1][2]

March 2008 tornado

The Tabernacle is in the background to the left in this photo of tornado damage.
See also: 2008 Atlanta tornado

On March 14, 2008, the Tabernacle sustained extensive damage when a tornado tore through downtown Atlanta. Windows were blown out and the roof was severely damaged. A broken water pipe caused additional damage.[39] It was the first tornado to hit the downtown area since weather record keeping began in late 1878, or unofficially at any time in the city's history.[40]

Major repairs and restoration took less than two months, working around the clock. Because the ornate plasterwork on the ceiling could not be repaired, drywall and molding were used to re-create the same designs. The original painter from the 1996 opening was found to repaint the repaired sections. Upgrades were also done to electrical and other systems.

February 2014

Shortly after the beginning of a Panic! At the Disco concert, the building was evacuated due to possible cracking in the floor.[41]

Awards

The Psychedelic interior of the Tabernacle

The Tabernacle has been named one of the best concert venues in the nation by Rolling Stone[citation needed] and Paste magazines.[42]

It has also won numerous "Best of Atlanta" awards over the years:

  • The Technique Best of Tech: 2003 Best Concert Venue[43]
  • Creative Loafing 2003 Best New Use for an Old Building - TIE (Readers' Pick)[44]
  • Creative Loafing 2004 Best Concert Venue (Citizens' Choice)[45]
  • Access Atlanta Best of the Big A: 2005 Best Live Music Club[46]
  • The Technique Best of Tech: 2006 Best Concert Venue[47]
  • Creative Loafing 2006 Best Concert Venue (Readers' Pick)[48]
  • The Technique Best of Tech: 2007 Best Concert Venue[49]
  • The Technique Best of Tech: 2009 Best Concert Venue (Student Pick)[50]
  • Creative Loafing 2010 Best Concert Venue (Reader Pick)[51]

References

  1. ^ http://targetaudiencemagazine.com/2013/06/tame-impala-shook-the-tabernacle-at-a-sold-out-show-in-atlanta/
  2. ^ http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/10greatplaces/2014/10/10/concert-music-venues/16974221/
  3. ^ a b c Garrett, Franklin Miller (1954), Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of Its People and Events, Volume II, Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, pp. 378–379, ISBN 0-8203-0263-5, OCLC 191446
  4. ^ "Tabernacle Planning for Tenth Anniversary: Birthday of First Baptist Church Will Be Celebrated by Congregation", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XLI, no. 261, p. 6, March 3, 1909
  5. ^ Meyer, Rev. F.B. (May 1910), "Rev. Len G. Broughton D.D.: An Appreciation", Record of Christian Work, XXIX (5): 308–310, ISSN 0364-4855, retrieved 2009-01-27
  6. ^ "Big Auditorium Is Planned By the Baptist Tabernacle at a Total Cost of $300,000", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XXXIX, no. 24, p. 1, July 9, 1906
  7. ^ a b c Loveland, Anne C.; Wheeler, Otis B. (2003), From Meetinghouse to Megachurch: A Material and Cultural History, Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, pp. 91–93, ISBN 0-8262-1480-0, retrieved 2009-01-28
  8. ^ "Plans Accepted for Tabernacle; Work Will Begin", The Atlanta Georgian and News, vol. VI, no. 82, p. 7, November 8, 1907, retrieved April 8, 2010
  9. ^ "Dirt Is Broken For Tabernacle : Appropriate Ceremonies Held on Luckie St. Lot", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XLII, no. 64, p. 7, August 18, 1909
  10. ^ "Tabernacle Cornerstone Is Placed In Position Before Immense Crowd", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XLII, no. 268, p. 4, March 10, 1910
  11. ^ "New Baptist Tabernacle, Modern and Elegant, Will Be Opened May 31; Old Church For Sale", The Atlanta Constitution, January 27, 1911
  12. ^ a b "Shot At Russell Taken By Pastor: Dr. Broughton Attacks the Local Option Platform", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XLIV, no. 81, p. 1, September 4, 1911
  13. ^ "Coolidge Arrives Today to Attend Tariff Congress", The Atlanta Constitution, p. 1, January 26, 1921, retrieved 2009-01-28
  14. ^ "Hanly Declares He Hates Liquor", The Atlanta Constitution, p. 7, March 13, 1915, retrieved 2009-01-28
  15. ^ "New Tabernacle Praised by Dr. Campbell Morgan", The Atlanta Constitution, vol. XLIV, no. 87, p. 4A, September 10, 1911
  16. ^ "Rev. Billy Sunday to Visit Atlanta", The Atlanta Constitution, p. 1, October 4, 1926, retrieved 2009-01-28
  17. ^ "Truett to Speak at Tabernacle Bible Meeting", The Atlanta Constitution, p. 11, June 5, 1927, retrieved 2009-01-28
  18. ^ Niebuhr, Gustav (November 13, 1988), "Tabernacle Turns 90, Seeks Pastor To Spur Renewal", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. 1C
  19. ^ Cordell, Actor (November 16, 1989), "Tabernacle Says 'Historic' Status Will Ensure Its Demise", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution Intown Extra, p. 5D
  20. ^ Cordell, Actor (January 3, 1991), "Minister is fasting for financial deliverance", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution Intown Extra, p. 4E
  21. ^ Laccetti, Susan (February 22, 1992), "Faithful to the end: The remaining members of Luckie Street church agree it's time to close up", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. 6E
  22. ^ Salter, Sallye (October 15, 1994), "Historic downtown church sold to Olympic investors", Atlanta Journal & Constitution, p. C-1, retrieved 2009-01-27
  23. ^ Salter, Sallye (May 14, 1995), "Business Report - Commercial Real Estate - New team heading Tabernacle project", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. D-2, retrieved 2009-02-02
  24. ^ a b Hinkelman, Michael (August 23, 1996), "Courtship with House of Blues was just a fling", Atlanta Business Chronicle, retrieved August 10, 2009
  25. ^ a b Saporta, Maria (March 27, 1998), "Cash flow intact, Tabernacle ready to roll", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. H-3, retrieved 2009-02-02
  26. ^ Press Release: House of Blues at the Centennial Summer Olympics in Atlanta, House of Blues, July 10, 1996, retrieved 2009-02-03
  27. ^ Hicks, Chris; Iwasaki, Scott (July 24, 1996), "Atlanta Groovin' to the Beat of House of Blues, Other Hot Sounds", Deseret News, retrieved 2009-02-03
  28. ^ Crenshaw, Holly (July 9, 2001), "Then & Now: A feature examining Atlanta's development", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. 3-E, retrieved 2009-01-27
  29. ^ "In Concert", The Atlanta Journal / The Atlanta Constitution Leisure Guide, 16–17, July 27, 1996 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |nopp= ignored (|no-pp= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "In Concert", The Atlanta Journal / The Atlanta Constitution Leisure Guide, 12, August 3, 1996 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |nopp= ignored (|no-pp= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ Salter, Sallye; DeVault, Russ (August 9, 1996), "Future uncertain for two nightlife attractions - House of Blues is considering closing at the end of the month; "Pomp Duck and Circumstance" plans to reopen in September with a scaled-back show.", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. F-1, retrieved 2009-02-02
  32. ^ a b Longino, Miriam (November 13, 1997), "Hall & Oates begin trial run for reopened House of Blues", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. C8
  33. ^ Saporta, Maria (January 15, 1998), "House of Blues won't call Atlanta home", The Atlanta Journal, p. C-2, retrieved 2009-02-02
  34. ^ Saporta, Maria (March 12, 1998), "Former House of Blues reopening in downtown as the Tabernacle", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. F-2, retrieved 2009-02-02
  35. ^ "Canyon Club fills entertainment void", The Acorn, March 8, 2001, retrieved August 10, 2009
  36. ^ DeVault, Russ (December 18, 1999), "Tabernacle sold; Cotton Club moving in", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. E1, retrieved 2009-02-02
  37. ^ "Cotton Club reopens doors at Tabernacle", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, p. B2, February 9, 2000, retrieved 2009-02-02
  38. ^ "It'll soon be curtains for the Cotton Club", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, October 15, 2004
  39. ^ Cook, Rhonda Cook; et al. (March 16, 2008), "Atlanta Tornado: The Aftermath: Landmarks Take a Hit", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, retrieved August 10, 2009
  40. ^ Eberly, Tim; Shea, Paul (March 15, 2008), "Friday tornado pummels downtown; Saturday storm kills 2", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, retrieved August 10, 2009
  41. ^ Stevens, Alexis (February 7, 2014), "Downtown Atlanta concert hall evacuated amid reports of cracked floor", The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, retrieved February 8, 2014
  42. ^ "America's 40 Best Music Venues", Paste Magazine, no. 32, June 2007, retrieved August 10, 2009
  43. ^ "Best of Tech", The Technique: The Best and Worst of Tech, vol. 88, no. 31, Georgia Institute of Technology, p. 6, April 18, 2003, OCLC 7644360, retrieved 2009-01-24
  44. ^ "Best of Atlanta 2003: Readers' Picks", Creative Loafing, vol. 32, no. 20, Eason Publications, September 25, 2003, ISSN 0889-8685, retrieved 2009-01-24
  45. ^ "Best of Atlanta 2004 : Citizen's Choice", Creative Loafing, vol. 33, no. 21, Eason Publications, September 30, 2004, ISSN 0889-8685, retrieved 2009-01-24
  46. ^ "Best of Big A 2005: Best Live Music Club", Access Atlanta, Atlanta Journal-Constitution, retrieved 2009-01-24
  47. ^ "Best of Tech", The Technique: The Best and Worst of Tech, vol. 91, no. 29, Georgia Institute of Technology, p. 5, April 21, 2006, OCLC 7644360, retrieved 2009-01-24
  48. ^ "After Dark Reader picks: Best of Atlanta 2006", Creative Loafing, vol. 35, no. 21, Eason Publications, September 27, 2006, ISSN 0889-8685, retrieved 2009-01-24
  49. ^ "Best of Tech", The Technique: The Best and Worst of Tech, vol. 92, no. 30, Georgia Institute of Technology, p. 3, April 20, 2007, OCLC 7644360, retrieved 2009-01-24
  50. ^ "Best & Worst of Food & Entertainment", The Technique: The Best and Worst of Tech, vol. 94, no. 30, Georgia Institute of Technology, p. 6, April 17, 2009, OCLC 7644360, retrieved August 13, 2009
  51. ^ "Creative Loafing Atlanta - Best of Atlanta 2010 - After Dark - Best concert venue - Reader Pick", Creative Loafing, vol. 39, no. 21, September 23, 2010, ISSN 0889-8685, retrieved September 27, 2010
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