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Forsand

Coordinates: 59°00′49″N 06°25′28″E / 59.01361°N 6.42444°E / 59.01361; 6.42444
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(Redirected from Øvre Espedal)
This article is about the municipality in Rogaland, Norway. For the village in Forsand municipality, see Forsand (village).
Forsand Municipality
Forsand kommune
Former municipality
Fossan herred  (historic name)
Lysebotn, located at the head of the Lysefjorden
Lysebotn, located at the head of the Lysefjorden
Flag of Forsand Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms of Forsand Municipality
Coat of arms
Rogaland within Norway
Rogaland within Norway
Forsand within Rogaland
Forsand within Rogaland
Coordinates: 59°00′49″N 06°25′28″E / 59.01361°N 6.42444°E / 59.01361; 6.42444
CountryNorway
CountyRogaland
DistrictRyfylke
Established1 Jan 1871
 • Preceded byHøgsfjord Municipality
Disestablished1 Jan 2020
 • Succeeded bySandnes and Strand municipalities
Administrative centreForsand
Government
 • Mayor (2015-2019)Bjarte Sveinsvoll Dagestad (H)
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Total780.06 km2 (301.18 sq mi)
 • Land698.83 km2 (269.82 sq mi)
 • Water81.23 km2 (31.36 sq mi)
 • Rank#141 in Norway
Population
 (2017)
 • Total1,245
 • Rank#376 in Norway
 • Density1.8/km2 (5/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Increase +12.9%
DemonymForsandbu[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formNynorsk
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1129[3]
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

Forsand is a former municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The 780-square-kilometre (300 sq mi) municipality existed from 1871 until 2020 when it was merged into Sandnes municipality. It was located in the traditional district of Ryfylke. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Forsand. Other villages in the municipality included Lysebotn, Øvre Espedal, Oanes, Kolabygda, and Fløyrli.

Forsand municipality surrounded the famous Lysefjorden and it was located on the east side of the Høgsfjorden. In 1999, evidence of a population here dating back to around 7500 BC was located.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, it was one of the largest municipalities within the county of Rogaland in terms of area, and one of the smallest in terms of population. The 780-square-kilometre (300 sq mi) municipality was the 141st largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Forsand was the 376th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,245. The municipality's population density was 1.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.7/sq mi) and its population has increased by 12.9% over the last decade.[4]

General information

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View of Kjerag, overlooking the Lysefjorden
View of a Viking house in the Landa museum in Forsand

The municipality of Fossan was established on 1 January 1871 when the very large municipality of Høgsfjord was divided into two: Fossan (located east of the Høgsfjorden and south of the Frafjorden) and Høle (located west of the Høgsfjorden). Initially, Fossan had 2,081 residents.[5]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee.[citation needed] On 1 January 1965, the municipality was split, with everything located south and east of the Frafjorden being transferred to the neighboring municipality of Gjesdal. The reason for this border change was because this area had no road connection with the rest of Forsand, but it was connected by road to Gjesdal.[5]

On 1 January 2020, Forsand municipality was dissolved. The area on the northwestern shore of the Lysefjorden around the Preikestolen became a part of the neighboring Strand Municipality and the rest of Forsand became part of Sandnes Municipality.[6]

Name

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The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Forsand farm (Old Norse: Forsandr) since the first Forsand Church was built there. The first element is for which means "sticking out" or "protruding". The last element is sand which means "sand" or "sandy beach".[7] Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled Fossan. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Forsand.[8]

Coat of arms

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The coat of arms was granted on 11 March 1988 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official blazon is "Vert, a heron vigilant argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hegre). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a heron standing on one leg. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of the local forests and wildlife. The heron was chosen since it is a common bird that lives in the area, from the fjords all the way up into the mountains. The arms were designed by John Digernes. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[9][10][11]

Churches

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The Church of Norway had one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Forsand. It was part of the Ryfylke prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger.

Churches in Forsand
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Forsand Forsand Church Forsand 1854
Lyse Chapel Lysebotn 1961

Geography

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Forsand was a large municipality that is very mountainous with a long, narrow fjord running through the middle from east to west. The Lysefjorden was surrounded by very steep 1,000-metre (3,300 ft) tall cliffs such as Kjerag and Preikestolen, with the Lysefjord Bridge crossing the fjord near the western end. The famous Kjeragbolten boulder and Kjeragfossen waterfall were located along the inner part of the fjord. The village of Lysebotn is located at the eastern end of the fjord. The lake Nilsebuvatnet is located high up in the mountains, north of Lysebotn at the border of Strand and Forsand municipalities. It is regulated for hydroelectric power use at the Lysebotn Hydroelectric Power Station.

Panoramic view over the village Lysebotn located innermost in the Lysefjord (full image)

Government

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While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[12] The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the Ryfylke District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

[edit]

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Forsand was made up of 17 representatives that were elected to four year terms. The party breakdown for the councils was as follows:

Forsand kommunestyre 2015–2019 [13]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
 Common list (Samlingslista)3
 Forsand local list (Forsand Bygdalista)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 2012–2015 [14]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 2008–2011 [13]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 2004–2007 [13]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 2000–2003 [13]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
 Common list (Samlingslista)3
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1996–1999 [15]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
 Common list (Samlingslista)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1992–1995 [16]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
 Common list (Samlingslista)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1988–1991 [17]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
 Local list (Bygdalista)1
 Common list (Samlingslista)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1984–1987 [18]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
 Local list (Bygdelista)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1980–1983 [19]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
 Local list (Bygdeliste)4
 Common list (Samlingsliste)2
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1976–1979 [20]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 7
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
 Non-political local list (Upolitisk Bygdelist)4
Total number of members:17
Forsand kommunestyre 1972–1975 [21]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 1
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 14
Total number of members:15
Forsand kommunestyre 1968–1971 [22]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 13
Total number of members:15
Forsand kommunestyre 1964–1967 [23]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 15
Total number of members:17
Forsand heradsstyre 1960–1963 [24]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 15
Total number of members:17
Forsand heradsstyre 1956–1959 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 12
Total number of members:17
Forsand heradsstyre 1952–1955 [26]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 14
Total number of members:16
Forsand heradsstyre 1948–1951 [27]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 14
Total number of members:16
Forsand heradsstyre 1945–1947 [28]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidarar, fiskarar, småbrukarar liste) 3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 13
Total number of members:16
Forsand heradsstyre 1938–1941* [29]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) 14
Total number of members:16
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

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The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Forsand:[30]

  • 1871-1879: Osmund G. Espedal
  • 1880-1881: Knud O. Moluf
  • 1882-1885: Osmund G. Espedal
  • 1886-1887: Rasmus I. Norland
  • 1888-1889: Thormod Schavland
  • 1890-1893: Rasmus I. Nordland
  • 1894-1895: Thormod Schavland
  • 1896-1897: Børge T. Kommedal
  • 1898-1899: Tore T. Haaland
  • 1901-1910: Rasmus I. Norland
  • 1911-1913: Ingebret R. Norland
  • 1914-1916: Rasmus I. Norland
  • 1917-1918: Torvald O. Espedal
  • 1918-1919: Rasmus J. Dirdal
  • 1920-1922: Ingebret R. Norland
  • 1923-1940: Torgeir Espedal
  • 1941-1941: Torstein I. Fossan
  • 1945-1947: Torgeir Espedal
  • 1948-1958: Peter Norland
  • 1958-1961: Torstein I. Fossan
  • 1962-1965: Alf T. Espedal (LL)
  • 1966-1967: Tormod Harboe
  • 1968-1971: Alf T. Espedal
  • 1972-1978: Tormod Rossavik (KrF)
  • 1978-1983: Per Fløysvik (KrF)
  • 1984-1989: Årstein Løland (Sp)
  • 1990-1991: Torstein Haukalid (KrF)
  • 1992-1999: Fridtjov Thorsen Norland (Sp)
  • 1999-2003: Torstein Haukalid (KrF)
  • 2003-2007: Ingeborg Søyland (Sp)
  • 2007-2015: Ole Tom Guse (KrF)
  • 2015-2019: Bjarte S. Dagestad (H)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  5. ^ a b Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  6. ^ "Kommunereformen" (in Norwegian). Forsand kommune. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  7. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1915). Norske gaardnavne: Stavanger amt (in Norwegian) (10 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 226.
  8. ^ "Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1917. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m". Norsk Lovtidend (in Norwegian). Kristiania, Norge: Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri: 1057–1065. 1917.
  9. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  10. ^ "Forsand, Rogaland (Norway)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  11. ^ "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 11 March 1988. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  12. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  13. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  14. ^ "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Rogaland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  15. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  16. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  17. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  18. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  19. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  20. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  21. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  22. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  23. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  24. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  25. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  26. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  30. ^ Forsand kommune (1988). Forsand i 150 år : utgjeve i samband med 150-års jubileet for formannskapslovane (in Norwegian). Stavanger, Norge: Dreyer. ISBN 8270961191. OCLC 940997896.
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