2000 in paleontology: Difference between revisions
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''[[Longipteryx chaoyangensis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Zhang, F., Zhou, Z., Hou, L. & Gu, G.|year=2000|title=Early diversification of birds: evidence from a new opposite bird|journal=Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese version)|volume=45 (for 2000)|issue=24|pages=2650-2657|journal=Chinese Science Bulletin (English version)|volume=46 (for 2001)|issue=11|pages=945–950|doi=10.1007/BF02900473}} |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
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* Fucheng Zhang |
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* Zhou Zhonghe |
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* Hou Lianhan |
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* Gu Gang |
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Early Cretaceous |
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[[Jiufotang Formation]] |
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The type species of the new genus. |
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''[[Protopteryx]]''<ref>{{cite journal|author=Zhang, F. & Zhou, Z.|year=2000|title=A primitive Enantiornithine bird and the Origin of Feathers|journal=Science|volume=290|issue=5498|pages=1955–1959|doi=10.1126/science.290.5498.1955|pmid=11110660}}</ref> |
''[[Protopteryx]]''<ref>{{cite journal|author=Zhang, F. & Zhou, Z.|year=2000|title=A primitive Enantiornithine bird and the Origin of Feathers|journal=Science|volume=290|issue=5498|pages=1955–1959|doi=10.1126/science.290.5498.1955|pmid=11110660}}</ref> |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
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Revision as of 11:05, 1 August 2014
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2000.
Arthropods
Newly named insects
Prehistoric insects described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Molluscs
Bivalves
Prehistoric bivalves described in 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Fishes
Newly named placoderms
Prehistoric placoderms described in 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Amphibians
Prehistoric amphibians described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ichthyosaurs
Ichthyosaurs described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Archosauromorphs
Newly named crurotarsans
Prehistoric crurotarsans described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list[16] and Dr. Jeremy Montague's dinosaur genus database.[17]
Name | Status | Authors | Discovery year | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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A very bird-like two foot long dromaeosaurid. May be a juvenile Saurornitholestes. |
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A five foot long troodontid. Mysteriously, skulls of extremely small juveniles have been recovered from an oviraptorosaur nest. This may be evidence of brood parasitism or predator-prey relationships between the two species. | ||||||
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A 13 m (42.5 ft) long Parasaurolophus-like lambeosaur. | ||||||
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A mamenchisaurid. | ||||||
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A neovenatorid known only from juvenile specimens. | ||||||
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Formally named Kinnareemimus in 2009 in paleontology. | |||||||
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Named after the armored mammal Glyptodon. | ||||||
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Primitive ceratopsian. Only a partial skeleton has been found. | |||||||
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Opisthocoelicaudia-like titanosaurid. | ||||||
Nomen nudum; synonym of Iguanodon |
Conybeare vide:
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Junior synonym of Iguanodon. | ||||||
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A primitive abelisaur who name is derived from "flesh lizard" in Mapuche. | ||||||
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A small, 6.5 metres (21 ft) long sauropod. | ||||||
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A 71.1 centimetres (28.0 in) long hypsilophodont. | ||||||
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A tiny "four-winged" dromaeosaurid. | ||||||
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A hadrosauroid. | |||||||
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The first non-avian dinosaur known to have a pygostyle at the end of its tail. In life this structure probably supported a fan of feathers. | |||||||
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The earliest known coelurosaur from Gondwana, the type specimen was a three foot long juvenile with preserved gastroliths in its stomach. | ||||||
Nomen dubium; possibly non-dinosaurian |
A dubious taxon whose name means "useless bone" to reflect the low quality of the material, which had fueled taxonomic confusion. | |||||||
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A dromaeosaurid known from a single specimen. | ||||||
Rocasaurus[35] |
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A small, 8 meter long titanosaur. | |||||
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An Allosaurus-like theropod estimated to be 8 meters (26 ft) long. Only ten percent of its skeleton is known. | |||||||
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A gigantic brachiosaur with an estimated length of up to 34 m (112 ft) and a mass of 50–60 t (55–66 short tons). It is known from four neck vertebrae. | ||||||
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A 20 meters (66 ft) long sauropod. |
Newly named birds
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
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Early Cretaceous |
The type species of the new genus. | ||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
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Early Cretaceous |
An enanthornithine. The type species is Protopteryx fengningensis. |
Newly named pterosaurs
Pterosaurs described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synapsids
Non-mammalian
Prehistoric synapsids described in 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
Footnotes
Complete author list
As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.
References
- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ a b Eskov, K. Y.; Zonstein, S. L. (2000). "The First Ctenizoid Mygalomorph Spiders from Eocene Baltic Amber (Araneida: Mygalomorphae: Ctenizidae)". Paleontological Journal. 34 (suppl. 3): S268–S274. Part 1; Part 2 (PDF).
- ^ Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9.
- ^ Johnson, H.G., Elliott, D.K. & Wittke, J.H. (2000). "A new actinolepid arthrodire (Class Placodermi) from the Lower Devonian Sevy Dolomite, East-Central Nevada". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 129: 129–141.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Baez, A.M., Trueb, L. & Calvo, J.O. (2000). "The earliest known pioid frog from South America: a new genus from the middle Cretaceous of Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 490–500. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0490:TEKPFF]2.0.CO;2.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Warren, A.A. & Marsicano, C. (2000). "Banksiops, a replacement name for Banksia townrowi (Amphibia, Temnospondyli)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (1): 186–186. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0186:BARNFB]2.0.CO;2.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Wang, Y. (2000). "A new salamander (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 38 (2): 100–103.
- ^ Bolt, J.R. & Chatterjee, S. (2000). "A new temnospondyl amphibian from the Late Triassic of Texas". Journal of Paleontology. 74 (4): 670–683. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0670:ANTAFT>2.0.CO;2.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Bardet, N. & Fernández, M. (2000). "A new ichthyosaur from the Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones of Bavaria". Journal of Paleontology. 74 (3): 503–511. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0503:ANIFTU>2.0.CO;2.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Maisch, M.W. & Matzke, A.T. (2000). "The Ichthyosauria". Stuttgarter Beitrage zure Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) (298): 1–160.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Cao, Z. and Luo, Y., in Yin, G., Zhou, X., Cao, Z., Yu, Y, and Luo, Y., 2000, A preliminary study on the Early Late Triassic marine reptiles from Guanling Guizhou, China. Geology, Geochemistry 28 (3): 1-22.
- ^ Efimov, M.B., Gubin, Y.M. & Kurzanov, S.M. (2000). "New primitive crocodile (Crocodylomorpha: Shartegosuchidae) from the Jurassic of Mongolia". Paleontological Journal. 34: 238–241.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Efimov, M.B. & Leshchinskiy, S.V. (2000). First finding of the fossil crocodile skull in Siberia [in Russian]. In: Komarov, A.V., ed., Materialy regional’noj konferencii geologov Sibiri, Dal’nego Vostoka i Severo−Vostoka Rossii. Tom II, 361–363. GalaPress, Tomsk.
- ^ Buckley, G.A., Brochu, C.A., Krause, D.W., & Pol, D. (2000). "A pug-nosed crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar". Nature. 405 (6789): 941–944. doi:10.1038/35016061. PMID 10879533.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Larrson, H.C.E. & Gado, B. (2000). "A new early Cretaceous crocodyliform from Niger". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 217 (1): 131–141.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- ^ Montague, Jeremy. "Dr. Montague's Database" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ Burnham, D.A., K.L. Derstler, P.J. Currie, R.T. Bakker, Z. Zhou, and J.H. Ostrom. 2000. Remarkable new birdlike dinosaur (Theropoda: Maniraptora) from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions 13: pp. 1-14.
- ^ Norell, M.A., P.J. Makovicky, and J.M. Clark. 2000. A new troodontid theropod from Ukhaa Tolgod, Mongolia. Jpornal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20: pp. 1-11.
- ^ Godefroit P., S. Zan, and L. Jin. 2000. Charonosaurus jiayinensis n.g., n.sp., a lambeosaurine dinosaur from the Late Maastrichtian of northeastern China. Comptes Rendus Académie des Sciences du Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 330: pp. 875–882 (Paléontologie des Vertébrés).
- ^ Fang, Pang, Lü, Zhang, Pan, Wang, Li, and Cheng. 2000. Lower, Middle and Upper Jurassic divisions of the Lufeng region of Yunnan Province. Pp. 208-214 in: Proceedings of the Third National Stratigraphical Conference of China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.
- ^ Azuma , Y. and P.J. Currie. 2000. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Can. J. Earth Sci. 37: pp. 1735-1753.
- ^ Ford, T.L. 2000. A review of ankylosaur osteoderms from New Mexico and a preliminary review of ankylosaur armor. In: Dinosaurs of New Mexico (S.G. Lucas and A.B. Heckert, eds.). New Mexico Museum of Natural History Bulletin 17: pp. 157-176.
- ^ Sereno, P.C. 2000. The fossil record, systematics and evolution of pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians from Asia. In The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia (M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, and E.N. Kurochkin, eds.). Cambridge University Press, New York: pp. 480-516.
- ^ Pang and Cheng. 2000. A new family of sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Tianzhen, Shanxi Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 74 (2): pp. 117-125.
- ^ Coria, R.A. and L. Salgado. 2000. A basal Abelisauria Novas 1992 (Theropoda- Ceratosauria) from the Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina. Gaia 15: pp. 89-102
- ^ Buffetaut E., Suteethorn V., Cuny G., Tong H., Loeuff J. Le, Khansubha S., Jongautchariyakui S. (2000). "The earliest known sauropod dinosaur". Nature. 407 (6800): 72–74. doi:10.1038/35024060. PMID 10993074.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Xu, X., X. Wang, and H. You. 2000. A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 38 (4): pp. 318-325.
- ^ Xu X., Zhou Z., Wang X. (2000). "The smallest known non-avian theropod dinosaur". Nature. 408 (6813): 705–708. doi:10.1038/35047056. PMID 11130069.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Xu, Z., X.J. Zhao, J.-C. Lu, W.-B. Huang, Z.-Y. Li Z., and Z.-M. Dong. 2000. A new Iguanodontian from Sangping Formation of Neixiang, Henan and its stratigraphical implications. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 38 (3): pp. 176-191.
- ^ Barsbold, R., H. Osmólska, M. Watabe, P.J. Currie, and K. Tsogtbaatar. 2000. A new oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia: the first dinosaur with a pygostyle. Acta Paleontologica Polonica 45 (2): pp. 97-106.
- ^ Klerk, W.J. de, C.A. Forster, S.D. Sampson, A. Chinsamy, and C.F. Ross. 2000. A new coelurosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 (2): pp. 324-332.
- ^ Olshevsky, G. 2000. An annotated checklist of dinosaur species by continent. Mesozoic Meanderings 3: pp. 1-157.
- ^ Allain, R. and P. Taquet. 2000. A new genus of Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 (2): pp. 404-407.
- ^ Salgado, L., and C. Azpilicueta. 2000. Un nuevo saltasaurino (Sauropoda, Titanosauridae) de la provincia de Rio Negro (Formacion Allen, Cretacico Superior), Patagonia, Argentina. Ameghiniana 37 (3): pp. 259-264.
- ^ Wedel M.J., R.L. Cifelli, and R.K. Sanders. 2000. Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur Sauroposeidon. Acta Palaeontologica Polinica 45 (4): pp. 343–388
- ^ Bonaparte, J.F., W.D. Heinrich, and R. Wild. 2000. Review of Janenschia Wild, with the description of a new sauropod from the Tendaguru beds of Tanzania and a discussion on the systematic value of procoelous caudal vertebrae in the Sauropoda. Palaeontographica A 256: pp. 25–76.
- ^ Zhang, F., Zhou, Z., Hou, L. & Gu, G. (2000). "Early diversification of birds: evidence from a new opposite bird". Chinese Science Bulletin (English version). 46 (for 2001) (11): 945–950. doi:10.1007/BF02900473.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Zhang, F. & Zhou, Z. (2000). "A primitive Enantiornithine bird and the Origin of Feathers". Science. 290 (5498): 1955–1959. doi:10.1126/science.290.5498.1955. PMID 11110660.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Martill, D.M.; Frey, E.; Diaz, G.C. & Bell, C.M. (2000). "Reinterpretation of a Chilean pterosaur and the occurrence of Dsungaripteridae in South America". Geological Magazine. 137 (1): 19–25. doi:10.1017/S0016756800003502.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Kellner, A.W.A. & Tomida, Y. (2000). "Description of a new species of Anhangueridae (Pterodactyloidea) with comments on the pterosaur fauna from the Santana Formation (Aptian-Albian), northeastern Brazil". National Science Museum Monograph (17): 1–135.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Veldmeijer, A.J.; Meijer, H.J.M. & Signore, M. (2006). "Coloborhynchus from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation, Brazil (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae): an update". Vertebrate Paleontology. 3 (2): 15–29.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Kurkin, A.A. (2000). "New dicynodonts from the Upper Permian of the Vyatka Basin". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S203–S210.
- ^ Abdala, F., and Ribeiro, A.M. (2000). "A new therioherpetid cynodont from the Santa Maria Formation (middle Late Triassic), southern Brazil". Geodiversitas. 22 (4): 589–596.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Tatarinov, L.P. (2000). "New material on Scaloposaurians (Reptilia, Theriodontia) from the Upper Permian of the Kotelnich Locality, Kirov Region". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S187–S202.
- ^ a b Flynn, J.J., Parrish, J.M., Rakotosamimanana, B., Ranivoharimanana, L., Simpson, W.F., and Wyss, A.R. (2000). "New traversodontids (Synapsida: Eucynodontia) from the Triassic of Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 422–427. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0422:NTSEFT]2.0.CO;2.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Ivakhnenko, M.F. (2000). "The Nikkasauridae—Problematic primitive therapsids from the Late Permian of the Mezen Localities". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S179–S186.
- ^ Tatarinov, L.P. (2000). "A new gorgonopid (Reptilia, Theriodontia) from the Upper Permian of the Vologda Region". Paleontological Journal. 34 (1): 75–83.
- ^ Kalandadze, N.N., and Kurkin, A.A. (2000). "A new Permian dicynodont and the question of the origin of the kannemeyeroidea". Paleontological Journal. 34 (6): 642–649.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)