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* A study on the species distribution of 15 fossil xenarthrans from the late [[Pleistocene]] of [[South America]] will be published by Varela ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Luciano Varela |author2=P. Sebastián Tambusso |author3=Santiago J. Patiño |author4=Mariana Di Giacomo |author5=Richard A. Fariña |year=2018 |title=Potential distribution of fossil xenarthrans in South America during the late Pleistocene: co-pccurrence and provincialism |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9406-9 }}</ref>
* A study on the species distribution of 15 fossil xenarthrans from the late [[Pleistocene]] of [[South America]] will be published by Varela ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Luciano Varela |author2=P. Sebastián Tambusso |author3=Santiago J. Patiño |author4=Mariana Di Giacomo |author5=Richard A. Fariña |year=2018 |title=Potential distribution of fossil xenarthrans in South America during the late Pleistocene: co-pccurrence and provincialism |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9406-9 }}</ref>
* A study on the micro[[wear]] patterns in the teeth of the [[Oligocene]] [[sloth]]s ''[[Orophodon]] hapaloides'' and ''[[Octodontotherium]] grande'', as well its implications for inferring the diet of these taxa, will be published by Kalthoff & Green (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniela C. Kalthoff |author2=Jeremy L. Green |year=2018 |title=Feeding ecology in Oligocene mylodontoid sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra) as revealed by orthodentine microwear analysis |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9405-x }}</ref>
* A study on the micro[[wear]] patterns in the teeth of the [[Oligocene]] [[sloth]]s ''[[Orophodon]] hapaloides'' and ''[[Octodontotherium]] grande'', as well its implications for inferring the diet of these taxa, will be published by Kalthoff & Green (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniela C. Kalthoff |author2=Jeremy L. Green |year=2018 |title=Feeding ecology in Oligocene mylodontoid sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra) as revealed by orthodentine microwear analysis |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9405-x }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the ear region in ''[[Glossotherium]] robustum'' and on the evolution of the inner ear anatomy in the xenarthrans is published by Boscaini ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Boscaini |author2=Dawid A. Iurino |author3=Guillaume Billet |author4=Lionel Hautier |author5=Raffaele Sardella |author6=German Tirao |author7=Timothy J. Gaudin |author8=François Pujos |year=2018 |title=Phylogenetic and functional implications of the ear region anatomy of ''Glossotherium robustum'' (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=105 |issue=3–4 |pages=Article 28 |doi=10.1007/s00114-018-1548-y }}</ref>
* A study on the feet anatomy of the fossil sloths ''[[Megatherium]]'' and ''[[Eremotherium]]'', as well as its implications for inferring the degree to which their feet were habitually inverted, will be published by Toledo ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Néstor Toledo |author2=Gerardo De Iuliis |author3=Sergio F. Vizcaíno |author4=M. Susana Bargo |year=2018 |title=The concept of a pedolateral pes revisited: the giant sloths ''Megatherium'' and ''Eremotherium'' (Xenarthra, Folivora, Megatheriinae) as a case study |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9410-0 }}</ref>
* A study on the feet anatomy of the fossil sloths ''[[Megatherium]]'' and ''[[Eremotherium]]'', as well as its implications for inferring the degree to which their feet were habitually inverted, will be published by Toledo ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Néstor Toledo |author2=Gerardo De Iuliis |author3=Sergio F. Vizcaíno |author4=M. Susana Bargo |year=2018 |title=The concept of a pedolateral pes revisited: the giant sloths ''Megatherium'' and ''Eremotherium'' (Xenarthra, Folivora, Megatheriinae) as a case study |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9410-0 }}</ref>
* A study on the impact of climate changes on the distribution of [[armadillo]]s as indicated by fossil record will be published by Soibelzon (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Esteban Soibelzon |year=2018 |title=Using paleoclimate and the fossil record to explain past and present distributions of armadillos (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9395-8 }}</ref>
* A study on the impact of climate changes on the distribution of [[armadillo]]s as indicated by fossil record will be published by Soibelzon (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Esteban Soibelzon |year=2018 |title=Using paleoclimate and the fossil record to explain past and present distributions of armadillos (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9395-8 }}</ref>

Revision as of 15:37, 27 March 2018

List of years in paleontology (table)
In science
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
+...

This article records new taxa of fossil mammals of every kind are scheduled to be described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of mammals that are scheduled to occur in the year 2018.

Metatherians

  • A study on the changes of the global diversity of metatherians through time based on a new dataset of metatherian fossil occurrences is published by Bennett et al. (2018).[1]
  • A study on the morphological diversity of sparassodonts and its implications for the structure of the terrestrial carnivore guild from the middle Cenozoic of South America is published by Croft et al. (2018).[2]
  • A study on the age of thylacine and Tasmanian devil fossils from the mainland Australia and their implications for estimating the time of extinction in mainland Australia for both species is published by White et al. (2018).[3]
  • Revision of the taxonomic status of fossil kangaroo relatives attributed to the genera Ganawamaya and Nambaroo is published by Butler et al. (2018), who also describe new fossil material of Ganawamaya couperi (formerly assigned to the genus Nambaroo), Ganawamaya acris and G. aediculis.[4]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Coloradolops[5]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Chornogubsky et al.

Middle Eocene

Quebrada de Los Colorados Formation

 Argentina

A member of Bonapartherioidea belonging to the family Prepidolopidae. Genus includes new species C. cardonensis.

Fumodelphodon[6]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Cohen

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

Straight Cliffs Formation

 United States
( Utah)

A member of Stagodontidae. Genus includes new species F. pulveris.

Herpetotherium tabrumi[7]

Sp. nov

In press

Korth

Late Paleogene (Chadronian)

 United States
( Montana
 Nebraska
 North Dakota)

Hoodootherium[6]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Cohen

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

Straight Cliffs Formation

 United States
( Utah)

A member of Stagodontidae. Genus includes new species H. praeceps.

Miminipossum[8]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Archer et al.

Miocene

Riversleigh World Heritage Area
Wipajiri Formation

 Australia

A member of Phalangerida belonging to the new family Miminipossumidae. The type species is M. notioplanetes.

Perameles papillon[9]

Sp. nov

Valid

Travouillon & Phillips

Holocene

Nullarbor Plain

 Australia

A long-nosed bandicoot.

Varalphadon janetae[10]

Sp. nov

Valid

Carneiro

Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian to early Coniacian)

Naturita Formation
Straight Cliffs Formation

 United States
( Utah)

A member of Sparassodonta.

Eutherians

  • A study on the causes of the increase of body size in aquatic mammals, based on data on the body masses of living and fossil mammals, is published by Gearty, McClain & Payne (2018).[11]
  • A study on the evolution and interconnectedness of the mammal faunas living in the Old World savannas in the Neogene is published by Kaya et al. (2018).[12]
  • Faith (2018) evalutes the aridity index, a widely used technique for reconstructing local paleoclimate and water deficits from oxygen isotope composition of fossil mammal teeth, arguing that in some taxa altered drinking behavior (influencing oxygen isotope composition of teeth) might have been caused by dietary change rather than water deficits.[13][14][15]
  • A revision of the mammal fauna from the Miocene site of Bukwa (Uganda) and a study on the age of this fauna is published by Cote et al. (2018), who interpret their finding as indicating that a significant faunal turnover may have occurred in East Africa between 20 and 19 million years ago.[16]
  • A study on the distance of seed dispersal by extant and extinct mammalian frugivores and on the impact of the extinction of Pleistocene megafauna on seed dispersal is published by Pires et al. (2018).[17]
  • A study on the diet and habitat of ungulates from the Middle Pleistocene site of Fontana Ranuccio (Italy) as indicated by their tooth wear is published by Strani et al. (2018).[18]
  • A study on the response of large ungulates to the palaeoenvironmental changes that occurred at the passage between the Gelasian and Calabrian in the Italian Peninsula, based on the dental wear patterns and hypsodonty of the ungulates from the fossil assemblage of Olivola (Aulla, Italy), is published by Strani et al. (2018).[19]
  • A study on the ungulate and carnivoran carrying capacity of the late Early and early Middle Pleistocene ecosystems of Europe is published by Rodríguez & Mateos (2018).[20]
  • A study evaluating how the mammoth steppe ecosystem with its expected low vegetation productivity managed to support a high diversity and density of large mammalian herbivores during the Last Glacial Maximum is published by Zhu et al. (2018).[21]

Xenarthrans

  • A study on the species distribution of 15 fossil xenarthrans from the late Pleistocene of South America will be published by Varela et al. (2018).[22]
  • A study on the microwear patterns in the teeth of the Oligocene sloths Orophodon hapaloides and Octodontotherium grande, as well its implications for inferring the diet of these taxa, will be published by Kalthoff & Green (2018).[23]
  • A study on the anatomy of the ear region in Glossotherium robustum and on the evolution of the inner ear anatomy in the xenarthrans is published by Boscaini et al. (2018).[24]
  • A study on the feet anatomy of the fossil sloths Megatherium and Eremotherium, as well as its implications for inferring the degree to which their feet were habitually inverted, will be published by Toledo et al. (2018).[25]
  • A study on the impact of climate changes on the distribution of armadillos as indicated by fossil record will be published by Soibelzon (2018).[26]
  • A study on the morphology and histology of glyptodont osteoderms from the Gruta do Urso cave (Brazil), representing the first juvenile specimen of Glyptotherium described from the Late Pleistocene of South America, is published by Luna et al. (2018).[27]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Neoglyptatelus uruguayense[28]

Sp. nov

In press

Fernicola et al.

Late Miocene

Camacho Formation

 Uruguay

A member of Cingulata.

Pattersonocnus[29]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Rincón et al.

Late Miocene

Urumaco Formation

 Venezuela

A sloth belonging to the family Megalonychidae. The type species is P. diazgameroi.

Urumacocnus[29]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Rincón et al.

Late Miocene

Urumaco Formation

 Venezuela

A sloth belonging to the family Megalonychidae. The type species is U. urbanii.

Afrotherians

  • A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the elephant shrew Chambius kasserinensis based on known and newly described fossil remains from the Eocene of Tunisia is published by Tabuce (2018).[30]
  • Description of the anatomy of middle and inner ears of the golden mole Namachloris arenatans from the Palaeogene of Namibia is published by Mason, Bennett & Pickford (2018).[31]
  • A method to estimate the body mass of extinct proboscideans on the basis of skull remains is presented by Jukar, Lyons & Uhen (2018).[32]
  • A study on the evolution of the cheek teeth displacement mechanism in elephantiform proboscideans is published by Sanders (2018).[33]
  • Mothé, Ferretti & Avilla (2018) support the validity of Notiomastodon as a genus separate from Stegomastodon, arguing that members of the genus Stegomastodon were absent from South America.[34]
  • A study on the diet of the Columbian mammoths, pygmy mammoths and American mastodons as indicated by tooth wear is published by Smith & Desantis (2018).[35]
  • A study on the evolutionary history of the family Elephantidae based on 14 genomes from extant and fossil elephantids and from the American mastodon is published by Palkopoulou et al. (2018).[36]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Promicrogale[37]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Pickford

Early Miocene

 Namibia

A tenrec. The type species is P. namibiensis.

Sobrarbesiren[38]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Díaz-Berenguer et al.

Eocene (Lutetian)

Sobrarbe Formation

 Spain

A sirenian of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is S. cardieli.

Odd-toed ungulates

  • Tooth anomalies in two juvenile specimens of the Miocene rhinoceros Prosantorhinus germanicus are described by Böhmer & Rössner (2018), who discuss probable causes of these anomalies.[39]
  • A study on the digit reduction in the evolution of horses is published by Solounias et al. (2018).[40]
  • A revised diagnosis and a description of the anatomy of the Miocene hipparionine species Sivalhippus ptychodus and S. platyodus from China is published by Sun et al. (2018).[41]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Ardynia ordosensis[42]

Sp. nov

In press

Bai, Wang & Zhang

Late Eocene

 China

A member of the family Hyracodontidae.

Chilotherium licenti[43]

Sp. nov

In press

Sun, Li & Deng

Late Miocene

 China

Epimanteoceras mae[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Li

Eocene (Irdinmanhan)

Üqbulak Formation

 China

A member of the family Brontotheriidae.

Forstercooperia ulanshirehensis[45]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Eocene

Irdin Manha Formation
Ulan Shireh Formation

 China

Hispanotherium wushanense[46]

Sp. nov

In press

Sun et al.

Miocene

Wushan Subbasin

 China

Maobrontops[47]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Averianov et al.

Late Eocene

Youganwo Formation

 China

A member of the family Brontotheriidae. The type species is M. paganus.

Even-toed ungulates

  • Description of the fossil material of the camel species Camelus thomasi from the Pleistocene locality of Tighennif (Algeria) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by Martini & Geraads (2018).[48]
  • New specimen of the fossil peccary Parachoerus carlesi will be described from the Upper Pleistocene of the Chaco Province of Argentina by Gasparini et al. (2018), representing the most complete fossil material of a member this species reported so far, and providing new information on the morphology of the species and the environment it lived in.[49]
  • A description of the skull anatomy of the fossil suid Nyanzachoerus jaegeri based on new fossil material and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of the species will be published by Reda, Lazagabaster & Haile-Selassie (2018).[50]
  • New fossil suid specimens, providing new information on the classification and relationships of the Miocene Suinae from China, will be described from the latest Miocene site of Shuitangba (Zhaotong Basin, China) by Hou et al. (2018).[51]
  • A study on the evolution of hypsodonty in ruminants as indicated by phylogeny of ruminants, estimated ancestral ruminant diets and habitats, and fossil record of grasslands is published by Toljagić et al. (2018).[52]
  • A study comparing the exclusivity and magnitude of changes in diversification rates during the evolution of ruminants and other lineages of placental mammals is published by Rossi, Mello & Schrago (2018).[53]
  • Fossils of the chevrotain Dorcatherium crassum, including a skull and teeth remains, will be described from the Miocene (Langhian) of the Faluns Auger quarry (Contres, France) by Mennecart et al. (2018).[54]
  • A study on the feeding habits of Morenelaphus as indicated by tooth enamel microwear is published by Rotti et al. (2018).[55]
  • Giraffe tracks are described from the Pleistocene Waenhuiskrans Formation (Bredasdorp Group, South Africa) by Helm et al. (2018), increasing known historical range of giraffes.[56]
  • A study on the diet and habitat of Leptomeryx from the Eocene (Uintan) Yolomécatl Formation (Mexico) as indicated by tooth enamel carbon and oxygen isotopic relationships will be published by Ferrusquía-Villafranca et al. (2018).[57]
  • A study on the dietary preferences of members of the tribe Tragelaphini from the Plio-Pleistocene Shungura Formation (Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia) as indicated by their tooth wear is published by Blondel et al. (2018).[58]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Bachitherium thraciensis[59]

Sp. nov

In press

Mennecart et al.

Eocene (latest Bartonian or early Priabonian)

 Bulgaria

An early ruminant belonging to the group Tragulina and the family Bachitheriidae.

Candiacervus devosi[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Van der Geer

Late Pleistocene

 Greece

An Old World deer.

Candiacervus listeri[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Van der Geer

Late Pleistocene

 Greece

An Old World deer.

Candiacervus reumeri[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Van der Geer

Late Pleistocene

 Greece

An Old World deer.

Cetaceans

  • A study assessing the lumbar mobility in archaeocetes is published by Bebej & Smith (2018).[61]
  • A study on the anatomy of the auditory region of the skull of protocetids as indicated by fossils from the Eocene of Togo is published by Mourlam & Orliac (2018).[62]
  • Description of postcranial remains of the stem-beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius from the Miocene (Tortonian) of Peru is published by Ramassamy et al. (2018), who also propose a reconstruction of the musculature of the neck and forelimb of the species.[63]
  • A study on the anatomy of cochleae of extant and extinct cetaceans, the relationships of cochlear shape and the frequency ranges heard by cetaceans, and their implications for determining the occurrence of very low frequency and infrasonic hearing in fossil baleen whales is published by Ritsche et al. (2018).[64]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aondelphis[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Viglino et al.

Early Miocene

Gaiman Formation

 Argentina

A member of Platanistoidea. The type species is A. talen.

Eschrichtius akishimaensis[66]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kimura, Hasegawa & Kohno

Early Pleistocene

 Japan

A relative of the gray whale.

Tlaxcallicetus[67]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hernández Cisneros

Late Oligocene

El Cien Formation

 Mexico

A member of Chaeomysticeti of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is T. guaycurae.

Wimahl[68]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Peredo, Uhen & Nelson

Early Miocene

Astoria Formation

 United States
( Washington)

A member of the family Kentriodontidae. Genus includes new species W. chinookensis.

Carnivorans

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Allodesmus demerei[84]

Sp. nov

Valid

Boessenecker & Churchill

Miocene (Tortonian)

Montesano Formation

 United States
( Washington)

Auroraphoca[85]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Dewaele et al.

Pliocene (Zanclean)

Yorktown Formation

 United States
( North Carolina)

An earless seal belonging to the subfamily Monachinae. The type species is A. atlantica.

Civettictis braini[86]

Sp. nov

In press

Fourvel

Pliocene-Pleistocene transition

Kromdraai fossil site

 South Africa

A relative of the African civet.

Leptofelis[87]

Gen. et comb. nov

In press

Salesa et al.

Late Miocene

 Spain

A member of the family Felidae belonging to the subfamily Felinae; a new genus for "Styriofelis" vallesiensis Salesa et al. (2012).

Meles magnus[88]

Sp. nov

In press

Jiangzuo et al.

Early Pleistocene

 China

A badger, a species of Meles.

Tchadailurus[89]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

De Bonis et al.

Late Miocene

 Chad

A member of the family Felidae belonging to the subfamily Machairodontinae. The type species is T. adei.

Virginiaphoca[85]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Dewaele et al.

Late Miocene or Pliocene (Zanclean)

Eastover Formation or Yorktown Formation

 United States
( Virginia)

An earless seal belonging to the subfamily Monachinae. The type species is V. magurai.

Rodents

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aepyocricetus[101]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Li et al.

Pliocene

Zanda Basin

 China

A hamster. Genus includes new species A. liuae.

Gregorymys veloxikua[102]

Sp. nov

In press

Jiménez-Hidalgo, Guerrero-Arenas & Smith

Eocene (Chadronian)

 Mexico

A member of Geomyidae.

Mogilia[103]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Wessels et al.

Eocene and early Oligocene

 Serbia

A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Melissiodontinae. The type species is M. miloshi; genus also includes M. lautus.

Namaparamys[104]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mein & Pickford

Eocene (Ypresian/Lutetian)

 Namibia

Possibly a relative of Reithroparamys. The type species is N. inexpectatus.

Nannocricetus qiui[101]

Sp. nov

Valid

Li et al.

Pliocene

Zanda Basin

 China

A hamster. Genus includes new species A. liuae.

Orcemys[105]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Martin et al.

Early Pleistocene

 Spain

A member of Arvicolidae. Genus includes new species O. giberti.

Paracricetodon gracilis[106]

Sp. nov

Valid

Van de Weerd et al.

Early Oligocene

 Serbia

A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Paracricetodontinae.

Paracricetodon stojanovici[106]

Sp. nov

Valid

Van de Weerd et al.

Late Eocene and early Oligocene

 Serbia

A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Paracricetodontinae.

Tsaukhaebmys[107]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Pickford

Eocene (Ypresian/Lutetian)

 Namibia

A member of the family Zegdoumyidae. The type species is T. calcareus.

Primates

  • A study on reconstructing the jaw muscles and bite force of subfossil lemurs from Madagascar, as well as on their implications for inferring the diet of these lemurs, is published by Perry (2018).[108]
  • A tibia of a large-bodied arboreally-adapted Old World monkey (a member or a relative of the genus Rhinocolobus) is described from the Australopithecus afarensis-bearing Upper Laetolil Beds (∼3.7 Ma) of Laetoli (Tanzania) by Laird et al. (2018), who also study the implications of the specimen for inferring the paleoenvironment of the Upper Laetolil Beds.[109]
  • A study evaluating whether climatic and environmental changes were the main cause of extinction of Oreopithecus bambolii is published by DeMiguel & Rook (2018).[110]
  • Estimations of body mass in Pliocene and Pleistocene hominins based on lower limb bones dimensions are presented by Ruff et al. (2018).[111]
  • A study on the evolution of the brain size in hominins is published by Du et al. (2018).[112]
  • A study on the behavioral features which might have contributed to the demographic success of early hominids such as Australopithecus, based on comparison with macaques, is published by Meindl, Chaney & Lovejoy (2018).[113]
  • New fossils attributable to the species Australopithecus anamensis will be described from Kanapoi (Kenya) by Ward, Plavcan & Manthi (2018).[114]
  • Endocrania of two specimens of Australopithecus africanus from Sterkfontein Member 4 (South Africa) are virtually reconstructed by Beaudet et al. (2018).[115]
  • The skull of ‘Mrs. Ples’ (Sts 5 specimen of Australopithecus africanus) is interpreted as a skull of a small male rather than a large female individual by Tawane & Thackeray (2018).[116]
  • Pelvic remains of Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber in the Rising Star Cave system (Cradle of Humankind, South Africa) will be described by VanSickle et al. (2018).[117]
  • A study on the minimum number of individuals and on a demographic profile of the assemblage of Homo naledi individuals in the Dinaledi Chamber (Rising Star Cave system, South Africa) is published by Bolter et al. (2018).[118]
  • A study on the diet of Homo naledi as indicated by teeth wear textures is published by Ungar & Berger (2018).[119]
  • A study comparing tooth shape and size in Homo naledi and other South African Plio-Pleistocene hominins, as well as a study on the possible diet of Homo naledi, is published by Berthaume, Delezene & Kupczik (2018).[120]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the Pleistocene hominin specimen (a fragmented skullcap) from Kocabaş (Denizli Basin, Turkey) is published by Vialet et al. (2018).[121]
  • A study on the humeral rigidity and strength in members of the species Homo erectus known from Zhoukoudian (China), comparing it with the humeral rigidity and strength in the African members of the species, is published by Xing et al. (2018).[122]
  • A study on the morphology of teeth of Homo erectus from Zhoukoudian is published by Xing, Martinón-Torres & Bermúdez de Castro (2018).[123]
  • A study on the morphology and affinities of the Middle Pleistocene hominin mandible recovered from La Niche cave site of the Montmaurin karst system (France) is published by Vialet et al. (2018).[124]
  • A series of excavated Middle Stone Age sites from the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya), dated as ~320,000 years old, is presented by Brooks et al. (2018), who report evidence of hominins preparing cores and points, exploiting iron-rich rocks to obtain red pigment, and procuring stone tool materials from ≥25–50 km distance.[125]
  • A study on the environmental dynamics before and after the onset of the early Middle Stone Age in the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya) is published by Potts et al. (2018).[126]
  • A study on the chronology of the Acheulean and early Middle Stone Age sedimentary deposits in the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya) is published by Deino et al. (2018).[127]
  • A study on the age of stone tools from the Attirampakkam site in India is published by Akhilesh et al. (2018), indicating the emergence of a Middle Paleolithic culture in India at 385 ± 64 thousand years ago.[128]
  • The study on the Cerutti Mastodon site published by Holen et al. (2017), reporting possible evidence of an unidentified species of the genus Homo living in California 130,000 years ago,[129] is criticized by Ferraro et al. (2018).[130][131]
  • Bone retouchers dated as approximately 125–105,000 years old are described from the Lingjing site in Henan, China by Doyon et al. (2018), representing the first evidence from Eastern Asia for the use of bone as raw material to modify stone tools.[132]
  • An assemblage of hominin tracks produced by adults and children potentially as young as 12 months, probably members of the species Homo heidelbergensis living 700,000 years ago, is described from the Upper Awash Valley (Ethiopia) by Altamura et al. (2018).[133]
  • A study intending to detect introgressed Denisovan genetic material in present-day human genomes is published by Browning et al. (2018), who report evidence of Denisovan ancestry in populations from East and South Asia and Papuans, and interpret their findings as indicating that at least two distinct instances of Denisovan admixture into modern humans occurred.[134]
  • A series of partially charred wooden tools is described from the late Middle Pleistocene site of Poggetti Vecchi (central Italy) by Aranguren et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that Neanderthals were able to choose the appropriate timber and to process it with fire to produce tools.[135]
  • Cave art in Cave of La Pasiega, Maltravieso cave and Ardales cave (Spain) is dated as older than 64,000 years (thus predating the arrival of modern humans in Europe) by Hoffmann et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicative of Neandertal authorship of the art.[136]
  • Genomes of five Neanderthals from Belgium (Spy Cave and Goyet Caves), France (Les Cottés cave), Croatia (Vindija Cave) and Russia (Mezmaiskaya cave), who lived around 39,000 to 47,000 years ago, are sequenced by Hajdinjak et al. (2018).[137]
  • A study on the climatic changes in the Lake Tana area in the last 150,000 years and their implications for early modern human dispersal out of Africa is published by Lamb et al. (2018).[138]
  • A study on the evolution of modern human brain shape based on endocasts of Homo sapiens fossils from different geologic time periods is published by Neubauer, Hublin & Gunz (2018).[139]
  • Late Pleistocene hominin tracks, probably produced by Homo sapiens, are described from the Waenhuiskrans Formation (South Africa) by Helm et al. (2018).[140]
  • A study on the age of a modern human mandible with teeth from the Misliya cave (Mount Carmel, Israel) is published by Hershkovitz et al. (2018), who date the fossil as at least 177,000 years old, representing the oldest reported fossil of a member of the Homo sapiens clade found outside Africa.[141]
  • A study on the effects of the Toba supereruption in East Africa is published by Yost et al. (2018), who find no evidence of the erupton causing a volcanic winter in East Africa or a population bottleneck among African populations of anatomically modern humans.[142]
  • Microscopic glass shards characteristic of the Youngest Toba Tuff (ashfall from the Toba eruption), dated as approximately 74,000 years old, are described from two archaeological sites on the south coast of South Africa by Smith et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that humans in this region thrived through the Toba event and the ensuing full glacial conditions.[143]
  • Genomic data from seven 15,000-year-old modern humans from Morocco, attributed to the Iberomaurusian culture, is presented by van de Loosdrecht et al. (2018), who report evidence of a genetic affinity of the studied individuals with early Holocene Near Easterners.[144]
  • The genome of two infants from the Upward Sun River site dated 11,500 years ago is sequenced, leading to the discovery of the Ancient Beringian ethnic group.[145][146]

Other eutherians

  • A study on the anatomy of the Early Cretaceous eutherian Endotherium niinomii is published by Wang et al. (2018), who consider this species to be a valid taxon.[147]
  • Napoli et al. (2018) digitally visualize and describe the endocast of a taeniodont Onychodectes tisonensis.[148]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the gymnure Deinogalerix within the tribe Galericini will be published by Borrani et al. (2018).[149]
  • A study on the systematic usefulness of the humerus in proterotheriid litopterns will be published by Corona, Perea & Ubilla (2018), who consider the species Proterotherium berroi Kraglievich (1930) to be a probable synonym of Neolicaphrium recens.[150]
  • A study on the diversity of shapes of snout in notoungulates and on the evolution of the wide range of shapes of snout in this group of mammals is published by Gomes Rodrigues et al. (2018).[151]
  • A study on the variation of teeth shape and on the factors affecting changes in the shape of teeth of notopithecid notoungulates is published by Scarano & Vera (2018).[152]
  • A study on the variation of teeth shape in late Miocene members of the hegetotheriid notoungulate genus Paedotherium, as well as its implications for the systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the late Miocene species of Paedotherium, will be published by Ercoli et al. (2018).[153]
  • A study on the variability of the diagnostic characters in the fossils of members of the hegetotheriid notoungulate genus Tremacyllus will be published by Sostillo, Cerdeño & Montalvo (2018), who consider the species T. incipiens to be a junior synonym of the species T. impressus.[154]
  • A study on the braincase anatomy in mesotheriid notoungulates will be published by Fernández-Monescillo et al. (2018).[155]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Dissacus raslanloubatieri[156]

Sp. nov

In press

Solé et al.

Eocene (Ypresian)

 France

A member of the family Mesonychidae.

Dissacus rougierae[156]

Sp. nov

In press

Solé et al.

Eocene (Ypresian)

 France

A member of the family Mesonychidae.

Hovurlestes[157]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Lopatin & Averianov

Early Cretaceous (AptianAlbian)

Höovör locality

 Mongolia

A basal member of Eutheria. The type species is H. noyon.

Propterodon panganensis[158]

Sp. nov

In press

De Bonis et al.

Middle Eocene

Pondaung Formation

 Myanmar

A member of the family Hyaenodontidae.

Sardolagus[159]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Angelone et al.

Early Pleistocene

 Italy

A member of the family Leporidae. Genus includes new species S. obscurus.

Shargainosorex[160]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Zazhigin & Voyta

Middle Miocene

Oshin Suite

 Mongolia

A shrew belonging to the subfamily Crocidosoricinae. The type species is S. angustirostris.

Vulcanops[161]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hand et al.

Early Miocene

Bannockburn Formation

 New Zealand

A New Zealand short-tailed bat. The type species is V. jennyworthyae.

Xotodon caravela[162]

Sp. nov

In press

Armella, García-López & Dominguez

Late Miocene-early Pliocene

Aconquija Formation

 Argentina

Other mammals

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