Indian independence activists
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This article relies on references to primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject, rather than references from independent authors and third-party publications. Please add citations from reliable sources. (January 2012) |
This is a listing of people who campaigned against or are considered to have campaigned against foreign domination and cultural imposition on the Indian sub-continent. In India and the rest of South Asia such individuals are often referred to as freedom fighters. The Indian Independence Movement consisted of efforts by Indians to obtain political independence from British, French and Portuguese rule; it involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and rebellions.[1][2]
[edit] Indian Renaissance
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[edit] Political organizations
[edit] Leaders from Haryana
| Name | Place | Deeds |
|---|---|---|
| Banarsi Das Gupta | Bhiwani | Formed Praja Mandal in Jind State to fight against British Rule
and went to jail many times. Later become Chief Minister of Haryana |
| Bhagwat Dayal Sharma | Beri, Haryana | Involved in Peeli Kothi Bomb Blasting with Late Aruna Asaf Ali.
Fought against the British and, thus, was jailed many times. Later become the first Chief Minister of Haryana. |
[edit] Leaders from Bengal and Bengal Presidency, The Assam Province or Assam Valley and rest of Northeastern India
| Name | Place | Deeds |
|---|---|---|
| Subhas Chandra Bose | (Bengal Presidency) | formed 'Azad Hind Fauj" or Indian National Army |
| Tarun Ram Phukan | Assam | |
| Gopinath Bardoloi | Assam | |
| Nabin Chandra Bardoloi | Assam | |
| Ambikagiri Raychoudhury | Assam | |
| Kuladhar Chaliha | Assam | |
| Kanaklata | Assam | |
| Tara Prasad Barooah[3][4][5] | Assam | |
| Titumir (Sayyid Mir Nisar Ali) | ||
| Bipin Chandra Pal | ||
| Chittaranjan Das | ||
| Maulana Abul Kalam Azad | ||
| A. K. Fazlul Huq | ||
| Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani | ||
| Rabindranath Tagore | ||
| Kazi Nazrul Islam | ||
| Surya Sen | ||
| Pritilata Waddedar | ||
| Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | ||
| Bankim Chandra Chatterjee | ||
| Benoy Basu | ||
| Badal Gupta | ||
| Dinesh Gupta | ||
| Khudiram Bose | ||
| Prafulla Chaki | ||
| Bagha Jatin | ||
| Barin Ghosh | ||
| Rash Behari Bose | ||
| Aurobindo Ghosh | ||
| Hemchandra Das | ||
| Surendranath Banerjee | ||
| Upendranath Bannerjee | ||
| Sarat Chandra Bose | ||
| Pramatha Nath Mitra | ||
| Bhupendra Nath Datta | ||
| Pulin Behari Das | ||
| Taraknath Das | ||
| Bholaram das[6] | Jailed for participating in a 1930 protest against British rule.
In 1945, he joined the Congress that led India's drive for independence. |
|
| Atulkrishna Ghosh | ||
| Ullaskar Dutta |
[edit] Leaders from North, United Provinces, Bihar and Central India
| Name | Place | Deeds |
|---|---|---|
| Swami Sahajanand Saraswati | United Provinces | Kisan Aandolan |
| Chandrasekhar Azad | United Provinces | |
| Rani Lakshmibai | United Provinces | Armed rebellion against British |
| Mangal Pandey | United Provinces | 1857 revolt |
| Ram Prasad Bismil | United Provinces | |
| Madan Mohan Malaviya | United Provinces | |
| Rammanohar Lohia | United Provinces | |
| Purushottam Das Tandon | United Provinces | |
| Ashfaqulla Khan | United Provinces | |
| Lal Bahadur Shastri | United Provinces | |
| Dr. Rajendra Prasad | Bihar | |
| Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha | Bihar | |
| Jayaprakash Narayan | Bihar | |
| Pandit Shriram Sharma Acharya | United Provinces | Became famous as Sriram 'Matta' |
| Baikuntha Shukla | United Provinces | |
| Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha| Bihar | ||
| Ram Dulari Sinha | Bihar | |
| Raj Narain | ||
| Azimullah Khan | ||
| Uda devi [7] | Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh,India | Killed dozens of British Army people approaching Sikandarbagh. |
| Balkishan Sharma Naveen | United Provinces | |
| Pandit Karyanand Sharma | Bihar | |
| Sir Ganesh Dutt | Bihar | |
| Sri Krishna Sinha | Bihar | |
| Pandit Motilal Nehru | United Provinces | |
| Guru Radha Kishan | Indore | mobilized youth and textile workers against insane British laws |
| Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna | United Provinces | |
| Jawaharlal Nehru | United Provinces | First Prime Minister of INDIA |
| Maulana Abul Kalam Azad | Delhi | |
| Bahadur Shah Zafar | Delhi | |
| Shankar Dayal Sharma | Madhya Bharat | |
| Maulana Hasrat Mohani | United Provinces | |
| Upendra Narain Jha "Azad" | ||
| Basawon Singh (Sinha) | Bihar | |
| Pandit Yamuna Karjee | Bihar | |
| Bharat Singh | United Provinces | |
| Sunder Lal | MP from 1951 to 1977 | |
| Sri Satyanarayana Shukla | ||
| Pandit Bhola Shukla | United Provinces | |
| Yogendra Shukla | Bihar | |
| Sheel Bhadra Yajee | Bihar | |
| Pandit Yadunandan (Jadunandan) Sharma | Bihar | |
| Ramavriksha Benipuri | Bihar | |
| Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha) | ||
| Mulana Mazharul Haque | Bihar| | |
| Ali Jawad Zaidi | Bi Amman was an associate | |
| Ashfaqullah | United Provinces | |
| Chandrasekhar Azad | United Provinces | |
| Dr. Abhay Chandra Pandey | United Provinces | |
| Ram Nihor Mishra | United Provinces | |
| Govind Ballabh Pant | United Provinces | |
| Maulana Shaukat Ali | United Provinces | |
| Kamla Nehru | United Provinces | |
| Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari | United Provinces | |
| Rafi Ahmad Kidwai | United Provinces | |
| Dr. Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi | Bihar | Veteran freedomfighter and strong opponent of Jinnah's two Nation theory and creation of Pakistan.Founded All India Jamhur Muslim League to counter this move.This party was merged latter on with Congress to strengthen its views.Dr.Ajazi had to face the wrath of workers of Jinnah's Muslim League for oppising Pakistan, as their workers used to come at the doors of his residence,virtually spit and rose slogan 'Dr.Ajazi- Ghaddar-e-qaum'(Dr.Ajazi-anti muslim).Dr.Ajazi was founder member of Central Khilafat committee.He represented the Central Khilafat Committee at All Parties Confrence formed for Nehru report, alongwith Maulana Shaukat Ali,Begum Md Ali Jauhar,Maulana Abdul Majid Daryabadi, Maulana Abulmohasin Md Sajjad and others. |
| Name | Place | Deeds |
| Yogendra | ||
| om prakash dang | Punjab | |
| Allama Iqbal | Punjab | |
| Lieutenant Sardar Gurdial Singh Kang | Punjab | Served Sir S.Bose |
| Allama Inaitullah Almashriqi | Punjab | |
| Pandit Amir Chand Bombwal | Punjab | |
| Pandit Har Sukh Lal | Punjab | |
| Lala Lajpat Rai | Punjab | |
| Sardul Singh Caveeshar | Punjab | |
| Sheikh Abdullah | Punjab | |
| Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan | Punjab | |
| King Rao Tula Ram of Rewari[8] | ||
| Baba Gurdit Singh | Punjab | |
| Baba Gurmukh Singh | Punjab | |
| Baba Hari Singh Usman | Punjab | |
| Rae Ahmed Nawaz Khan Kharal | Punjab | |
| Baba Jawala Singh | Punjab | |
| Baba Kharak Singh[9] | Punjab | |
| Baba Sher Singh | Punjab | |
| Bal Raj Bhalla | ||
| Baldev Singh | Punjab | |
| Bhagat Singh | Punjab | |
| Bhagwan Singh Longowalia | Punjab | |
| Bhagwati Charan | Punjab | |
| Bhai Balmukund | Punjab | |
| Bhai Parmanand | Punjab | |
| Bhai Ram Singh | Punjab | |
| Giani Kesar Singh[10] | Punjab | He served as a Civil Administrator of the Indian National Army
(from 1943 to 1945) |
| Jinen Shah | Punjab | |
| Kartar Singh Sarabha | Punjab | |
| Kartar Singh Jhabbar | Punjab | |
| Kedar Nath Saigal | Punjab | |
| Krishna Gopal Dutt | Punjab | |
| Kishan Singh Gargaj | Punjab | |
| Lala Pindi Das | Punjab | |
| Mahavarat Vidyalankar | Punjab | |
| Madan Lal Dhingra | Punjab | |
| Tej Bahadur Sapru | Punjab | |
| Sardul Singh Caveeshar | Punjab | |
| Seth Sant Ram | Punjab | |
| Seth Sudarshan | Punjab | |
| Sewa Singh Thikriwala[11] | Punjab | |
| Shivaram Rajguru | Punjab | |
| Sikander Hyat Khan | Punjab | |
| Somprakash Shaida | Punjab | |
| Sohan Lal Pathak[12] | Punjab | |
| Sohan Singh Bhakna | Punjab | |
| Sohan Singh Josh | Punjab | |
| Sukhdev | Punjab | |
| Baba Kanshi Ram | Punjab | |
| Udham Singh | Punjab | |
| Sarvothaman | Punjab | |
| Shah Nawaz Khan (general) | Punjab | |
| Mangal Sain Wadhwa | Punjab |
[edit] Leaders from Gujarat and Maharashtra (Bombay Presidency)
| Name | Place | Deeds |
|---|---|---|
| Mohammad Ali Jinnah | Bombay, Karachi | Founder of Pakistan, also known as Quaid-e-Azam (Great leader) |
| Manvendra Nath Azad | ||
| Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak | ||
| Chapekar brothers | ||
| Maharshi Dhondo Keshav Karve | ||
| Tantia Tope | Yeola, Maharashtra, India | Was the General of the 1857 Uprising |
| Dadabhai Naoroji | ||
| Mohandas Gandhi | Most important leader, is known as 'The Father of the Nation'. | |
| Kasturba Gandhi | Wife of Gandhiji; a significant woman independence activist. | |
| Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel | A Social leader, who played a major role in the country's struggle for
independence and guided its integration into a united, independent nation. |
|
| Maniben Patel | She was the daughter of Sardar Patel. Maniben was imprisoned during the Quit India struggle and was held in custody in Yeravda Jail | |
| Tribhuvandas Kishibhai Patel | ||
| Ratnappa Kumbhar | ||
| Ravi Shankar Vyas | ||
| Narhari Parikh | ||
| Jivatram Kripalani | ||
| Mahadev Desai | ||
| Manilal Pandya | ||
| Mohanlal Pandya | ||
| Abbas Tyabji | ||
| Gopal Krishna Gokhale | ||
| Narahar Vishnu Gadgil | ||
| Vithalbhai Patel | ||
| Vinoba Bhave | ||
| Ganesh Vasudev Mavlankar | ||
| Mridula Sarabhai | ||
| Vinayak Damodar Savarkar | He published The Indian War of Independence about the Indian rebellion
of 1857 that was banned by British authorities. He was arrested in 1910 for his connections with the revolutionary group India House. |
|
| Manubhai Shah | ||
| Bhulabhai Desai | ||
| Morarji Desai | ||
| Bhikaiji Cama | ||
| Joseph Baptista | ||
| U.N. Dhebar | ||
| Pujya Mota | ||
| Pandit Shyamji Krishna Varma | ||
| Swami Dayanand Sarswati | ||
| Mahadev Govind Ranade | ||
| Tatya Tope | ||
| Rani Laxmibai | ||
| Narhar Vishnu Gadgil | ||
| Dr. B.R. Ambedkar | ||
| Mahatma Jyotiba Phule | ||
| Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj | ||
| Kakubhai Bhatia (Alias Gopaldas Mavji Purecha) | ||
| Raghunath Bapurao Talegaonkar (AliasNanasaheb Talegaonkar) | ||
| Jhaverchand Meghani | ||
| Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi | Gujarat | |
| Vasudev Balwant Phadke | ||
| Indulal Yagnik | ||
| Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi | ||
| Shankarlal Banker | ||
| Dula Bhaya Kag | ||
| Shankarlal Parikh | Kheda Satyagraha by Sjt. Shankarlal Parikh of Kathlal, Kheda. | |
| Kishorlal Mashruwala[13] | ||
| Usha Mehta | ||
| Samaldas Gandhi | ||
| Prabhudas Gandhi[14] | ||
| Vithalbhai Jhaveri[15] | ||
| Narsinhbhai Patel[16] | ||
| Ramanlal N. Patel[17] | ||
| Chandrakant Jhaveri[15] | ||
| Babubhai Thakkar[15] | ||
| Pramodbhai K. Desai[18] | ||
| Darbar Gopaldas Desai[19] | ||
| Nana Patil | ||
| Jamnalal Bajaj | ||
| Prabhudas Patwari | ||
| Achyut Patwardhan | ||
| Subhadra Shroff[20] | ||
| Sumati Vaidya[20] | ||
| Babubhai P. Vaidya | ||
| Bapuji Ane[ref] | ||
| Shirishkumar Mehta | ||
| Dhansukhlal Wani[ref] | ||
| Ghanshyam Das[ref] | ||
| Shashidhar Ketkar[ref] | ||
| Pherozeshah Mehta | ||
| Gokulbhai Bhatt | ||
| Jugatrambhai Dave[21] | ||
| Makarand Dave[22][23] |
[edit] Leaders from South India
Leaders from the South India are[24][25]
| Name | Place | Deeds | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Puli Thevar | Nerkattumseval, Tamil Nadu | First Indian ruler to have fought and defeated the British | |||
| Chikkepalli RamChandar Rao | Nagarkurnool, Andhrapradesh | Inspited for fearced warnings,Sacrifised his home to setup congress party office, went to Jail many times and Defeated the Rajakars & British | |||
| Raja Venkatappa Nayaka | Surapura, Gulbarga | Fought against east India company, and died in prison. | |||
| U. Muthuramalingam Thevar | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Nyapati Subba Rao pantulu[26] | |||||
| Muthuramalinga sethupathy[27] | Tamil Nadu | He joined with Dutch and manufactured cannons. He resisted the efforts of the British
to have absolute rights over purchase of textile goods. |
|||
| Capt. P. Lokanath | |||||
| V.V.S.Aiyar | |||||
| Gangadhar rao Deshpande[28] | Karnataka | ||||
| K.S.Subramanya[29] | |||||
| Alluri Sita Rama Raju | |||||
| Amarajeevi Potti Sreeramulu | |||||
| Chakravarti Rajgopalachari | |||||
| Sardar Vedaratnam | |||||
| Punukollu Arjun Rao | |||||
| Kayyar Kinhanna Rai | |||||
| Krishna Menon | |||||
| Mathai Manjooran | |||||
| A. J. John, Anaparambil | |||||
| Pattabhi Sitarammiaya | |||||
| Kandukuri Veeresalingam | |||||
| Sarojini Naidu | |||||
| Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan | |||||
| S. K. Amin | |||||
| Kalvakuntla Chandrasena Gupta | |||||
| Pinnamaneni Sreeramachandra Rao | |||||
| Pulapa Posayya | |||||
| Geda Raghunayakulu | |||||
| Krovvidi Lingaraju[30] | jail term in 1932-33 for his participation in the freedom struggle. | ||||
| Tiruppur Kumaran | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| K. Kamaraj | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| M. Bhakthavatsalam | |||||
| K. Kunhambu | |||||
| Tanguturi Prakasam | Andhra Pradesh | ||||
| V.O. Chidambaram Pillai | Tamil Nadu | Swadeshi shipping service | |||
| Subramanya Bharathy | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Vanchinathan | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Thillaiaadi Valliammai | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Lakshmi Sehgal | |||||
| G. Subramania Iyer | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| T.Sadasivam | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| J. C. Kumarappa | |||||
| O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar | Madras presidency | ||||
| P. Kakkan | Madras presidency | ||||
| A. Vaidyanatha Iyer | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| R. Chidambara Bharathi | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Chempakaraman Pillai | Went to Berlin, Germany to organise an army to declare war against the British for India's freedom During the Indian Independence Movement. | ||||
| Subramanya Siva | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| N. Somayajulu | |||||
| Krishna Kundu | |||||
| C. Subramaniam | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Mattapparai Venkatrama Iyer[31] | |||||
| K.S. Subramaniam[32] | |||||
| N.S. Varadachari[33] | |||||
| K. Santhanam | |||||
| Mannargudi K. Bhashyam[34] | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Salem C. Vijayaraghavachariar | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Sangu Subramaniam[35] | |||||
| 'Va.Ra.' V. Ramaswami[36] | Tamil Nadu | writer and editor of (independence related) newspapers | |||
| V. S. Srinivasa Sastri | He was a close follower of Gokhale. In 1924, he accompanied Annie Besant on a visit to England demanding Home Rule for India.
He also participated in the first and second round table conferences. |
||||
| George Joseph[37] | |||||
| N.M.R. Subburaman[38] | He actively participated in the Indian freedom movement and he supported for Harijans,
which led to the formation of Tamil Nadu Harijan Sevak Sangh, a unit of All India Harijan Sevak Sangh founded by Mahatma Gandhi. |
||||
| V. Kalyanasundaram | |||||
| Kittur Chennamma | Karnataka | Armed rebellion against the British | |||
| Kalki Krishnamurthy | Tamil Nadu | ||||
| Srinivasa varadhan[39] | |||||
| P. Varadarajulu Naidu | |||||
| Rani Velu Nachiyar and Maruthu Pandiyar | Sivaganga Tamil Nadu | Armed rebellion against British | |||
| G. A. Natesan | |||||
| V. Subbiah | Pondicherry | ||||
| Veerapandiya Kattabomman | Panchalankurichi, Tamil Nadu | Armed rebellion against British | |||
| Dheeran Chinnamalai | Erode, Tamil Nadu | Armed rebellion against British | |||
| Muthulakshmi Reddi | Social reformer, the first woman legislator in British India, the first Chairperson of the State Social Welfare Advisory Board. | ||||
| Lakshmi Sahgal | Kerala | Commander of the Rani of Jhansi Regiment of the INA and her role as a minister in Subhas Bose's Azad Hind government |
[edit] References
- ^ Swami Rajesh Chopra. "Liveindia". Liveindia. http://www.liveindia.com/freedomfighters/. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Indian Freedom fighters". Indianfreedomfighters.in. 1947-08-15. http://www.indianfreedomfighters.in/. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ http://www.google.co.in/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=tara+prasad+barua&btnG=Search+Books
- ^ "Contemporary Political Leadership in India: Sharad Pawar, the Maratha legacy - Shiri Ram Bakshi, Sita Ram Sharma, S. Gajrani - Google Books". Books.google.co.in. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=L1i51KFUyzIC&pg=PA118&dq=tara+prasad+barua&hl=en&ei=7BlcTeS5DoSucO2crOQK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=tara%20prasad%20barua&f=false. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Quit India Movement In Assam - Anil Kumar Sharma - Google Books". Books.google.co.in. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=gZmusO1pWjUC&pg=PA24&dq=tara+prasad+barua&hl=en&ei=7BlcTeS5DoSucO2crOQK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=tara%20prasad&f=false. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ AP (2010-10-18). "The Hindu-Oct 2010". Chennai, India: Thehindu.com. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article834837.ece. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "UP announces holiday to honour freedom fighter". MSN News (India). 16 November 2011. http://news.in.msn.com/national/article.aspx?cp-documentid=5596248.
- ^ Archives of Empire: From the East ... - Google Books. Books.google.co.in. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=13pyxO8o4moC&pg=PA400&dq=rao+tula+ram#v=onepage&q=rao%20tula%20ram&f=false. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
- ^ "Frontline - 2007". Hinduonnet.com. http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2326/stories/20070112002712000.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Oct 2006". Tribune India. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20061005/aplus1.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Punjab revenue dept. - Gazetteers Patiala". Punjabrevenue.nic.in. http://punjabrevenue.nic.in/gaz_ptl3.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ MONI CHADHA Posted: Feb 11, 2003 at 0000 hrs IST (2003-02-11). "Feb 2003". Indian express. http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/18184/. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Kishorlal". http://www.gandhi-manibhavan.org/gandhicomesalive/comesalive_associates_india.htm#Mashruwala,%20Kishorelal.
- ^ "Prabhudas Gandhi". http://www.gandhiserve.org/pg.html.
- ^ a b c Congress Radio
- ^ "Ode Kelavani Mandal". http://www.odekelavanimandal.com/Our%20Village/index.html.
- ^ "A.P Patel College". http://www.appatelcollege.org/aboutus.php.
- ^ "Olpad College". http://olpadcollege.org.in/History.htm.
- ^ "Global Politician". http://www.globalpolitician.com/24529-india.
- ^ a b "Times article". The Times Of India. 2010-01-21. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-01-21/rajkot/28128351_1_female-literacy-saurashtra-higher-education.
- ^ "Bardoli Swaraj Ashram". http://www.gandhiserve.org/pg.html.
- ^ "Makarand Dave". http://www.divinedarshan.com/page2.html.
- ^ "News". http://www.outlookindia.com/articlepopup.aspx?226509.
- ^ "Kamat-website". Kamat.com. 2012-01-02. http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/kar/leaders/freedom_fighters.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ http://www.lovenellai.com/Fighters.aspx
- ^ "Nyapati birth anniversary". The Hindu (Visakhapatnam, India). 17 January 2011. http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/17/stories/2011011762910300.htm.
- ^ "Rich tributes paid to Muthuramalinga Sethupathy". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 31 March 2010. http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article329555.ece.
- ^ "Ganesha festival celebration with 105 years of history". Deccan Herald (Belgaum, India). 09 September 2010. http://www.deccanherald.com/content/95508/ganesha-festival-celebration-105-years.html.
- ^ "K.S.Subramanya dead". The Hindu (India). 14 January 2011. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article1091658.ece.
- ^ "Gorky gave literature a social outlook". The Hindu (Anantapur, India). 02 January 2007. http://hindu.com/2007/01/02/stories/2007010201850200.htm.
- ^ "The Hindu - April 2001". Hinduonnet.com. http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/04/22/stories/1322128a.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ The Hindu - April 2005[dead link]
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- ^ "Chennai Museum". Chennai Museum. http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/03/03/modp6.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ Charukesi (2011-03-04). "The Hindu-Mar 2011". Chennai, India: Thehindu.com. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/article1507760.ece. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ The Hindu - Aug 2001[dead link]
- ^ "Nov 2003". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2003-11-02. http://www.hindu.com/lr/2003/11/02/stories/2003110200430500.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Jan 2006". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2006-01-26. http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/26/stories/2006012620320300.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
- ^ "Press Information Bureau - Unsung Heroes". Pib.nic.in. http://pib.nic.in/archive/50yrs/50featr/heroes.html. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
Yogendra Uttar Pradesh
