Joseph Cotten
| Joseph Cotten | |
|---|---|
 From the trailer for the film Love Letters (1945). |
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| Born | Joseph Cheshire Cotten May 15, 1905 Petersburg, Virginia, US |
| Died | February 6, 1994 (aged 88) Los Angeles, California, US |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1937–81 |
| Spouse | Lenore Kipp (1931–60; her death; one stepdaughter) Patricia Medina (1960–94; his death) |
| Awards | Volpi Cup for Best Actor 1949 Portrait of Jennie |
Joseph Cheshire Cotten (May 15, 1905 – February 6, 1994) was an American actor of stage and film. Cotten achieved prominence on Broadway, starring in the original stage productions of The Philadelphia Story and Sabrina Fair. He first gained worldwide fame as the star of the Orson Welles films Citizen Kane (1941), The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), and Journey into Fear (1943), for which Cotten was also credited with the screenplay. He went on to star in such popular films as Shadow of a Doubt (1943), Duel in the Sun (which remains one of the top 100 highest grossing films of all time when adjusted for inflation), Love Letters (1945), Portrait of Jennie (1948) and The Third Man (1949).
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[edit] Life and career
| “ | Orson Welles lists Citizen Kane as his best film, Alfred Hitchcock opts for Shadow of a Doubt and Sir Carol Reed chose The Third Man - and I'm in all of them. | ” |
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—Joseph Cotten, |
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[edit] Early life and work
Cotten was born in Petersburg, Virginia, the son of Sallie Bartlett (née Willson) and Joseph Cheshire Cotten, Sr., who was an assistant postmaster.[1][2][3] Cotten worked as an advertising agent after attending the Washington, D.C., Hickman School of Speech and Expression, where he studied acting. His work as a theatre critic inspired him to become more involved in theatre productions, first in Virginia, and later in New York. Cotten made his Broadway debut in 1930, and soon befriended Orson Welles. In 1937, he joined Welles' Mercury Theatre Company, starring in productions of Julius Caesar and Shoemaker's Holiday.
Cotten made his film debut in the Welles-directed short Too Much Johnson, a comedy based on William Gillette's 1890 play. The short was occasionally screened before or after Mercury productions, but never received an official release. Before acting in this film, Cotten (who had played center on a semiprofessional football team while living in Washington, D.C. in 1923) got into good physical shape by working out at the Waple Studio of Physical Culture (owned and operated by Harry E. Waple) in Alexandria, Virginia. Cotten returned to Broadway in 1939, starring as C. K. Dexter Haven in the original production of Philip Barry's The Philadelphia Story as well as the 1953 production of Sabrina Fair.
[edit] Citizen Kane
After the success of Welles's War of the Worlds 1938 Halloween radio broadcast, Welles gained a unique contract with RKO Pictures. The two-picture deal promised full creative control for the young director below an agreed budget limit, and Welles intention was to feature the Mercury players in his productions. Shooting had still not begun on a Welles film after a year, but after a meeting with writer Herman J. Mankiewicz Welles had a suitable project.
In mid-1940 filming began on Citizen Kane, portraying the life of a press magnate (played by Welles) who starts out as an idealist but eventually turns into a corrupt, lonely old man. The film featured Cotten prominently in the role of Kane's best friend Jedediah Leland, eventually a drama critic for one of Kane's papers.
When released on May 1, 1941, Citizen Kane - based in part on the life of William Randolph Hearst - did not do much business at theaters; Hearst owned numerous major newspapers, and forbade them to carry advertisements for the film. Nominated for nine Academy Awards in 1942, the film won only for Best Screenplay, for Mankiewicz and Welles. The film helped launch the careers of Mercury players, including Agnes Moorehead (who played Kane's mother), Ruth Warrick (Kane's first wife), and Ray Collins (Kane's political opponent). However, Cotten was the only one of the four to find major success (as a lead) in Hollywood outside of Citizen Kane. Moorehead and Collins became successful character film actors.
[edit] Later collaborations with Welles
Despite Welles's reputation for being difficult to get along with, the two men remained good friends. Cotten starred a year later in Welles's adaptation and production of The Magnificent Ambersons. After the commercial disappointment of Citizen Kane, RKO was apprehensive about the new film, and after poor preview responses, cut it by nearly an hour before its release. Though at points the film appeared disjointed, it was well received by critics. Despite the critical accolades Cotten received for his performance, he was again snubbed by the Academy.
In 1941, Cotten took control of the Nazi-related thriller Journey into Fear (released in 1943). He wrote the screenplay with the help of Welles (who produced the film), and starred in the film with Dolores del Río. By the time production wrapped, Welles had been dropped from RKO, and, as part of the settlement, was required to edit the film to suitable length. The film was a minor hit, but the two friends did not collaborate professionally during the next six years.
In The Third Man (1949), Cotten portrays a writer of pulp fiction who travels to post-war Vienna to meet his friend Harry Lime (Welles). When he arrives, he discovers that Lime has died, and is determined to prove to the police that it was murder, but uncovers an even darker secret.
[edit] The 1940s and 1950s
The characters that he played onscreen during this period ranged from a serial killer in Hitchcock's Shadow of a Doubt (1943, opposite Teresa Wright) to an eager police detective in Gaslight (1944, with Ingrid Bergman, Charles Boyer, and Angela Lansbury in her film debut). Cotten starred with Jennifer Jones in four films: the wartime domestic drama Since You Went Away (1944), the romantic drama Love Letters (1945), the blockbuster western Duel in the Sun (1946), and the critically acclaimed Portrait of Jennie (1948), in which he played a melancholy artist who becomes obsessed with a girl who may have died many years ago. He reunited with Hitchcock at the end of the decade in Under Capricorn (1949) as an Australian land-owner with a shady past.
Cotten's career cooled in the 1950s with a string of less high-profile roles in films such as the dark Civil War Two Flags West (1950), the Joan Fontaine romance September Affair (also 1950), and the Marilyn Monroe vehicle Niagara (1953), after James Mason turned down the role. His last theatrical releases in the '50s were mostly film-noir and unsuccessful character studies. In 1956, Cotten left film for years for a string of successful television ventures, such as the NBC series On Trial (renamed at mid-season The Joseph Cotten Show).
Cotten was featured in Alfred Hitchcock Presents and Ronald W. Reagan's General Electric Theater. He appeared on May 2, 1957, on NBC's comedy variety series, The Ford Show, Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford. Near the end of the decade, he made a cameo appearance in Welles's Touch of Evil (1958) and a starring role in the film adaptation of Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon (also 1958). He also appeared as Dick Burlingame and Charles Lawrence in the 1960 episodes "The Blue Goose" and "Dark Fear" of CBS's anthology series The DuPont Show with June Allyson. He also appeared on NBC's anthology series, The Barbara Stanwyck Show.
[edit] The 1960s and 1970s
In 1960, he married British actress Patricia Medina after his first wife, Lenore Kipp, died of leukemia earlier in the year. After some time away from film, Cotten returned in the horror classic Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte (1964), with Bette Davis, Olivia de Havilland, and Agnes Moorehead. The rest of the decade found Cotten in a number of forgettable B-movies and TV movies. He made multiple guest appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show. In 1967, he joined Karl Swenson, Pat Conway, and Dick Foran in the nostalgic western dramatic film Brighty of the Grand Canyon, about a burro who lived in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River from about 1892-1922. On television, he narrated David L. Wolper's documentary Hollywood and the Stars (1963–64).
In the early 1970s, Cotten followed a supporting role in Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970) with several horror features: The Abominable Dr. Phibes (1971), with Vincent Price, and Soylent Green (1973). Later in the decade, Cotten was featured in several all-star disaster films, including Airport '77 (1977) with James Stewart and again with Olivia de Havilland, and the nuclear thriller Twilight's Last Gleaming (1977). On television, he did a guest spot in 1974 on The Rockford Files.
[edit] Last years
One of Cotten's last films was Heaven's Gate (1980), critically mauled in the United States. Around the same time, he appeared in two episodes of a twist-in-the-tale episode of the British TV series, Tales of the Unexpected, with Wendy Hiller (1979), and Gloria Grahame (1980). The 75-year-old actor retired with his wife to their home in Los Angeles, California. In 1987, Cotten published a popular autobiography, Vanity Will Get You Somewhere. He died on February 6, 1994, of pneumonia, a complication of throat cancer at the age of 88. He was buried at Blandford Cemetery in Petersburg, Virginia.[4]
[edit] Legacy
Cotten received a Venice Film Festival Award for Best Actor for his work in Portrait of Jennie.
He was portrayed in the 2009 film Me and Orson Welles by James Tupper.
[edit] Filmography
[edit] References
- ^ Flint, Peter B. (February 7, 1994). "Joseph Cotten, 88, Is Dead; Actor on Stage and in Films". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9402E1DA1638F934A35751C0A962958260. Retrieved May 7, 2010.
- ^ Cotten
- ^ Joseph Cotten Biography
- ^ http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=1814 Joseph Cotten (1905–1994) - Find A Grave Memorial]
[edit] Further reading
- Cotten, Joseph (1987). Vanity Will Get You Somewhere. Mercury House. ISBN 0-86287-334-7.
- Barr, Tom. "Citizen Cotten". MovieMaker Magazine. New York: MovieMaker Magazine. http://www.moviemaker.com/issues/04/cotten.html. Retrieved July 13, 2005.
- Kneebone, John T., et al., eds. Dictionary of Virginia Biography (Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1998- ), 3:478-481. ISBN 0-88490-206-4.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Joseph Cotten |
- Joseph Cotten at the Internet Movie Database
- Joseph Cotten at the TCM Movie Database
- Joseph Cotten at the Internet Broadway Database
- 1959-08-02 Joseph Cotten - Red Cloud Mesa (Audio file, 20 mins)
- Photographs and literature
