Nanchong

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Nanchong
南充
Prefecture-level city
南充市
Nickname: 
The fruit City
Location of Nanchong City jurisdiction in Sichuan
Location of Nanchong City jurisdiction in Sichuan
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceSichuan
Officiated1993
Government
 • Party SecretaryLiu Hongjian
Area
 • Total12,479 km2 (4,818 sq mi)
Elevation
340 m (1,120 ft)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total6,278,622
 • Density500/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
 [2]
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
637000
Area code0817
Licence plate prefixes川R
Websitenanchong.gov.cn

Nanchong (Chinese: 南充; pinyin: Nánchōng; Wade–Giles: Nan-ch'ung ) is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of Sichuan province, People's Republic of China, with an area of 12,479 square kilometres (4,818 sq mi),[3] and the home to 7,300,000 people. It has the second most populated area and suggested to be one of the eight largest cities of Sichuan Province. The administrative center is Shunqing District.

History

Nanchong was in the territory of the state of Ba before it was conquested by the Qin dynasty in 314 BC. The Qin set up a government at Langzhong City. Anhan City was established in Shunqinq district at the beginning of the Han Dynasty.

The name of Anhan city was changed to Guozhou (fruit city) in 621 AD (Tang dynasty), and then to Nanchong in 742 AD.

Subdivisions

Map
# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2004 est.) Area (km²) Density (/km²)
1 Shunqing District 顺庆区 Shùnqìng Qū 620,000 545 1,138
2 Gaoping District 高坪区 Gāopíng Qū 570,000 812 702
3 Jialing District 嘉陵区 Jiālíng Qū 680,000 1,170 581
4 Langzhong City 阆中市 Lángzhōng Shì 860,000 1,877 458
5 Nanbu County 南部县 Nánbù Xiàn 1,240,000 2,305 538
6 Yingshan County 营山县 Yíngshān Xiàn 900,000 1,633 551
7 Peng'an County 蓬安县 Péng'ān Xiàn 680,000 1,334 510
8 Yilong County 仪陇县 Yílǒng Xiàn 1,060,000 1,695 625
9 Xichong County 西充县 Xīchōng Xiàn 640,000 1,108 578

Geography

Nanchong is located in the north-east of Sichuan Province. To the east of Nanchong is Dazhou, to the west are Mianyang and Suining and to the north is Guangyuan.

The vast majority of this area is hilly. The woodland coverage is 25%.

The Jialing River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, crosses the prefecture from north to south, and there are another thirty rivers in the prefecture with a drainage basin of more than 30 square kilometres (12 sq mi).

Climate

Nanchong has a monsoon-influenced and generally humid and mild—except during summer—climate. It is classified as being humid subtropical (Köppen Cwa). Winters are mild and comparatively dry yet dreary, while summers are long, hot, humid, and much sunnier. January averages 6.4 °C (43.5 °F), while August averages 27.5 °C (81.5 °F); the annual mean temperature is 17.3 °C (63.1 °F). Rainfall is greatest in the summer months

Climate data for Nanchong (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		11.7
(53.1) 		16.4
(61.5) 		22.3
(72.1) 		26.6
(79.9) 		28.9
(84.0) 		31.5
(88.7) 		32.4
(90.3) 		26.5
(79.7) 		21.1
(70.0) 		16.0
(60.8) 		10.5
(50.9) 		21.1
(70.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7) 		6.1
(43.0) 		9.7
(49.5) 		14.2
(57.6) 		18.4
(65.1) 		21.5
(70.7) 		23.8
(74.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		19.9
(67.8) 		15.4
(59.7) 		10.6
(51.1) 		6.0
(42.8) 		14.5
(58.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16.2
(0.64) 		16.9
(0.67) 		30.3
(1.19) 		75.1
(2.96) 		118.4
(4.66) 		147.2
(5.80) 		188.3
(7.41) 		125.9
(4.96) 		135.5
(5.33) 		78.1
(3.07) 		37.3
(1.47) 		18.0
(0.71) 		987.2
(38.87)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.9 8.6 10.7 12.5 13.5 13.6 12.8 10.1 14.6 14.0 10.6 8.3 138.2
Average relative humidity (%) 85 81 77 76 75 79 80 76 82 84 84 86 80
Mean monthly sunshine hours 31.7 43.6 81.7 118.4 130.7 122.6 168.6 193.8 96.5 67.5 53.3 26.9 1,135.3
Source: China Meteorological Administration

Demographics

The Han people are the largest ethnic group in this area, contributing to 99.88% of its total population, another 48 ethnic groups can be found in the city. Langzhong has a large Hui Muslim community.

As other cities in China, population in Nanchong is divided to two level, upper urban population and lower rural population, the registered urban population is about 1.2 million.

Shunqing District, located downtown, is the most dense area in Nanchong. At the center of Shunqing District, and the proverbial heart of the city, is Five Star Garden (simplified Chinese: 五星花园); a large roundabout with five exits leading to various other sections of the city.

Economy

Agriculture

Agriculture is the pillar of Nanchong’s economy, with 80% of Nanchong’s population sited in rural area and committed to traditional agriculture activities. Nanchong’s manufacturing industry also relies on raw materials which is provided by agriculture. Nanchong’s main agricultural product is food. A large quantity of rice, orange, silk worms, and pork are produced to support related manufacturers.[4]

Manufacturing

Nanchong’s main manufacturing outputs are petroleum products, automobiles and parts, mechanical equipment, textiles, and building materials. [5]

Natural Resources

There is a large quantity of rock oil and natural gas found in Nanchong, and it has the largest slate mine in the west of China. The Dames on Jialing River and its branches have large potential to expand its electric power generation. But the largest resource of Nanchong is "Human", and Nanchong is one of the main providers of Chinese cheap migrant workers.[6]

Transport

Transportation in Nanchong is quite convenient compared with other cities in Sichuan province because of its extensive express railway network, shipping, and air service.

Nanchong is a transport hub of the northeast Sichuan Province, it is crossed by the strategic China National Highway 318, built by the Chinese government in the 1930s, and China National Highway 212 and several newly built expressways, Cheng-Nan, and Nan-Guang expressway which link the city to Chengdu, and another prefecture-level city Guang'an. The expressway to Chongqing is under construction.

The Da-cheng Railway which crosses Nanchong links Chengdu and Dazhou. Another proposed railway, Lan-Yu railway, links Lanzhou (Gansu) and Chongqing will make Nanchong a railway hub in northeast Sichuan province. The Nan-Chong railway station provides passenger and cargo services to several regional and national economic centres such as Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu and Shenzhen.

Old Nanchong airport was built in the 1950s and closed in 2003. The new Nanchong Airport which has capacity to land bigger planes, provides regular air services to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Kunming.

Nanchong is suggested as a tradition shipping hub in ancient times, ships from Gansu could reach Chongqing along the Jialing river, but the river is not suitable for modern shipping.

Higher education

There are five academic institutions in Nanchong which provide higher education.

Notable persons

References

  1. ^ Template:Zh icon Profile of Nanchong, official website of Nanchong Civil Affairs Bureau, visited on May 17, 2008.
  2. ^ Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010, 2011-05-09Template:Zh icon
  3. ^ Template:Zh icon Profile of Nanchong.
  4. ^ http://www.ncagri.gov.cn/bmzc_s.asp
  5. ^ http://www.nanchong.gov.cn/article.php?id=769
  6. ^ http://www.nanchong.gov.cn

External links

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