Dongmyeong of Goguryeo: Difference between revisions
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
== Background == |
== Background == |
||
Go Jumong (고주몽) was the son of [[Hae Mosu]], who was the son of Dangun, the founder of Bukbuyeo. Jumong's mother was [[Yuhwa]], the daughter of the river-god [[Habaek]], who disowned his daughter upon hearing that she had married a man without his permission. Though |
Go Jumong (고주몽) was the son of [[Hae Mosu]], who was the son of Dangun, the founder of Bukbuyeo. Jumong's mother was [[Yuhwa]], the daughter of the river-god [[Habaek]], who disowned his daughter upon hearing that she had married a man without his permission. Though Hea Mosu was a member of the [[Bukbuyeo]] Royal family, his son was born and grew up in [[Dongbuyeo]]. Go Jumong was the great-grandson of Go Jin (고진), who was the second son of Haemosu Dangun. |
||
== Birth of the King == |
== Birth of the King == |
||
Revision as of 16:11, 26 February 2007
| Monarchs of Korea |
| Goguryeo |
|---|
|
King Dongmyeongseong of Goguryeo (58 - 19 BCE, r. 37 – 19 BCE), also known by his birth name Jumong (주몽, 朱蒙), was the founding monarch of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In the Gwanggaeto Stele, he is called Chumo-wang (King Chumo). In the Samguk Sagi and the Samguk Yusa, he is recorded as Jumong, with the surname Go. The Samguk Sagi states that he was also known as Chumo or Sanghae (상해, 象解). The name is also transcribed in other records as Chumong (추몽, 鄒蒙), Jungmo (중모, 中牟 or 仲牟), or Domo (도모, 都牟).
Background
Go Jumong (고주몽) was the son of Hae Mosu, who was the son of Dangun, the founder of Bukbuyeo. Jumong's mother was Yuhwa, the daughter of the river-god Habaek, who disowned his daughter upon hearing that she had married a man without his permission. Though Hea Mosu was a member of the Bukbuyeo Royal family, his son was born and grew up in Dongbuyeo. Go Jumong was the great-grandson of Go Jin (고진), who was the second son of Haemosu Dangun.
Birth of the King
The founding myth of Goguryeo are related in various ancient Korean and Chinese texts, including the Gwanggaeto stele. The best known version is found, with slight variations, in the Samguk Sagi, Samguk Yusa, and the Dongmyeongwangpyeon of the Dongguk Isanggukjip.
Jumong is described as the son of Hae Mosu (解慕漱：the son of heaven) and Yuhwa (柳花：daughter of the river god). Hae Mosu met Yuhwa by a river where she was bathing, but the river god(河伯) disapproved of Hae Mosu, who returned to heaven. The river god chased Yuhwa away to Ubalsu(優渤水), where she met and became the concubine of King Geumwa(金蛙王) of Dongbuyeo.
Yuwha was impregnated by sunlight and gave birth to an egg. Geumwa tried to destroy the egg, and tried to feed it to animals, who instead protected the egg from harm. Geumwa returned it to Yuhwa. From the egg hatched a baby boy, whom was named Jumong(朱蒙), meaning "skilled archer."
Leaving Dongbuyeo
Under Geumwa's care, Jumong flourished into a wise and brilliant man. Jumong married Ye Soya, who was the daughter of a merchant, at the age of 20. Together they would have a son, whom Jumong would not see at birth. Jumong was known for his exceptional skill at archery. Eventually, Geumwa's sons became jealous of him, and Jumong was forced to leave Dongbuyeo. According to legend, as he fled on his horse, he approached a fast-running river. Turtles and creatures of the water rose up and formed a bridge. It is highly likely that he used boats to cross the river. When he entered the land south of the river, he was greeted by Go Museo Dangun, who was the ruler of Jolbon Buyeo, which was Bukbuyeo under a changed state-name. Go Museo decided that the young man would make a better ruler than he and abdicated the throne and gave his daughter Soseuno in marriage. Jumong united all of the five tribes of Jolbon into one nation. After a brief period of conquest, Jumong was confronted by three men: Jaesa, Mookgu, and Moogol. These three men surrendered to him and became his generals.But before that he had three other main men named, Hyuppo, Malli, and Oh-eeh. Along with these six men eventually came Bu Bun-No and Bu Wi-Yeom, both excellent fighters and leaders of men. With this, Jumong's circle of subcommanders was complete, and he slowly prepared what he needed to establish the "Most High Nation."
The first Taewang of Goguryeo
In 37 BC, Jumong established Goguryeo, and became the first Taewang of Goguryeo. During that same year, King Songyang of Biryu surrendered to him after receiving assistance in defeating the Malgal tribe that had invaded. In 34 BC, Jolbon-Seong, Goguryeo's first capital city, was completed. Two years later, in 32 BC, Jumong Taewang ordered his generals Oh-I, and Bu Bun-No to attack the Haeng-In Kingdom, which was south of the Taebaek mountains. These two generals of Goguryeo completed their Taewang's orders and conquered Haeng-In during that year. Four years later, in 28 BC, Jumong Taewang ordered General Bu Wi-Yeom to attack and conquer the kingdom of Okjeo, and so the kingdom of Okjeo became a part of Goguryeo that year. During that same year, Jumong Taewang's mother, Yuhwa, died in the palace of Dongbuyeo, and was given the burial ceremony of a Royal Queen even though she was a concubine. Jumong sent a messenger and numerous gifts to King Geumwa in gratitude of his generous act. In 19 BC, Jumong's first wife Ye Soya fled Dongbuyeo with their son, Yuri, and entered Goguryeo. At this event, Jumong expressed great happiness and joy to see his estranged wife and the son of whom he had met for the first time. Jumong made Ye Soya the "Royal Empress." This caused great tension in the palace as Jumong's second wife, Soseuno, feared for her sons' positions in the future of Goguryeo. Soseuno left Goguryeo with her two sons and some of the people and headed south into the Korean peninsula. Though greatly saddened by the departure of his wife and other two sons, Jumong Taewang moved on and named his first son Yuri, "Crown Prince" and successor to the throne. In the 9th month of that year, Jumong died at the relatively young age of 40. Behind him was the long and painful road of founding a mighty nation.
Death and Succession
During the same year, Jumong died at the age of 41. Crown Prince Yuri buried his father in a pyramid tomb, and gave him the posthumous name.
Legacy
Jumong's kingdom of Goguryo eventually grew into a great regional power. Goguryo stood for 705 years and was ruled by a total of 28 kings until it was conquered by the Silla-Tang alliance. Balhae and Goryeo succeeded it, and the modern descendants of Jumong still bear his family name 'Go.' The Go Royal Family exercised great power over its kingdom and continued to do so until the reign of its last king, thus continuing on a major legacy of its ancestor and founder, Jumong.
Another major legacy is the Korean broadcasting system, MBC's 80-episode drama, Jumong (TV series). This drama portrays a world prior to the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and also portrays what history may have flowed like in the life of this great but forgotten man.
Family
- Father: Go Mosu, direct descendant of the founder of Bukbuyeo
- Mother: Lady Yuhwa
- Foster Father: King Geumwa, the 2nd King of Dongbuyeo
- 1st Wife: Lady Ye
- Yuri (Yuri of Goguryeo Taewang), son of Jumong and Lady Ye
- 2nd Wife: Lady So Seo-no
- Biryu
- Onjo (King Onjo of Baekje)
References
- "해모수의 북부여에서 주몽의 고구려까지". Naver. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help)
- "『역사모』(역사학자들의 모임)". Naver. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help)