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===Casting===
===Casting===
Downey's role of an Australian portraying an African American was created as a way of lampooning the great lengths that some method actors will go to depict a role.<ref name=ew/> Downey acknowledged the potential controversy over the role: "at the end of the day, it's always about how well you commit to the character. If I didn't feel it was morally sound, or that it would be easily misinterpreted that I'm just [[C. Thomas Howell]] [in ''[[Soul Man (film)|Soul Man]]''], I would've stayed home."<ref name=ew/> [[Brandon T. Jackson]], who portrays Alpa Chino in the film, stated: "When I first read the script, I was like: What? Black face? But when I saw him [act] he, like, became a black man...It was just good acting. It was weird on the set because he would keep going with the character. He's a method actor."<ref name="PeopleJacksonQ">{{cite news|last=McGee|first=Tiffany|title=Costar Praises Robert Downey Jr. for Race-Bending Role|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=2008-07-18|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20213599,00.html|accessdate=2008-07-22}}</ref> Ben Stiller also commented on Downey's portrayal of a black actor: "When people see the movie &ndash; in the context of the film, he’s playing a method actor who’s gone to great lengths to play an African American. The movie is skewering actors and how they take themselves so seriously. Audiences that have seen it so far have totally embraced the character."<ref name="StillInterEmpire">{{cite news|last=Horkins|first=Tony|title=Exclusive: Stiller Talks Tropic Thunder|work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]|date =2008-03-18|url=http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=22188|accessdate=2008-07-01}}</ref> Stiller also previewed the film before several African American journalists and the [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People|NAACP]] who reacted positively to the character.<ref name="PlayingWar">{{cite news|last=Ordoña|first=Michael|title=Playing war gets serious in 'Thunder'|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/08/08/PKS311VR7G.DTL|accessdate=2008-08-11}}</ref> The script was initially written for Downey's character to be Irish, but was rewritten after Downey stated he could improvise better as Australian.<ref name="AustMate">{{cite news|last=Itzkoff|first=Dave|title=Spoof Within a Movie Within a Movie Within ...|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/10/movies/10dave.html?ref=arts|accessdate=2008-08-10}}</ref> In addition, Downey's practice of remaining in character off the film set was also written into the script for his character to perform as well.<ref name="PlayingWar"/>
Downey's role of an Australian portraying an African American was created as a way of lampooning the great lengths that some method actors will go to depict a role.<ref name=ew/> Downey acknowledged the potential controversy over the role: "at the end of the day, it's always about how well you commit to the character. If I didn't feel it was morally sound, or that it would be easily misinterpreted that I'm just [[C. Thomas Howell]] [in ''[[Soul Man (film)|Soul Man]]''], I would've stayed home."<ref name=ew/> [[Brandon T. Jackson]], who portrays Alpa Chino in the film, stated: "When I first read the script, I was like: What? Black face? But when I saw him [act] he, like, became a black man...It was just good acting. It was weird on the set because he would keep going with the character. He's a method actor."<ref name="PeopleJacksonQ">{{cite news|last=McGee|first=Tiffany|title=Costar Praises Robert Downey Jr. for Race-Bending Role|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=2008-07-18|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20213599,00.html|accessdate=2008-07-22}}</ref> Ben Stiller also commented on Downey's portrayal of a white actor playing a black man: "When people see the movie &ndash; in the context of the film, he’s playing a method actor who’s gone to great lengths to play an African American. The movie is skewering actors and how they take themselves so seriously. Audiences that have seen it so far have totally embraced the character."<ref name="StillInterEmpire">{{cite news|last=Horkins|first=Tony|title=Exclusive: Stiller Talks Tropic Thunder|work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]|date =2008-03-18|url=http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=22188|accessdate=2008-07-01}}</ref> Stiller also previewed the film before several African American journalists and the [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People|NAACP]] who reacted positively to the character.<ref name="PlayingWar">{{cite news|last=Ordoña|first=Michael|title=Playing war gets serious in 'Thunder'|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/08/08/PKS311VR7G.DTL|accessdate=2008-08-11}}</ref> The script was initially written for Downey's character to be Irish, but was rewritten after Downey stated he could improvise better as Australian.<ref name="AustMate">{{cite news|last=Itzkoff|first=Dave|title=Spoof Within a Movie Within a Movie Within ...|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/10/movies/10dave.html?ref=arts|accessdate=2008-08-10}}</ref> In addition, Downey's practice of remaining in character off the film set was also written into the script for his character to perform as well.<ref name="PlayingWar"/>


Cruise was initially going to cameo as Stiller's character's agent. Instead Cruise suggested creating a studio head position and it was reworked into the script. Stiller and Cruise worked together to create a middle-aged character that required a fat suit, fake large hands, and a fake bald wig.<ref name="AustMate"/><ref name="CruiseCameo">{{cite news|last=Pearlman|first=Cindy|title=Battlefield mirth for Ben Stiller|work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/pearlman/1099721,SHO-Sunday-stiller10.article|accessdate=2008-08-10}}</ref> [[Owen Wilson]] was then going to portray the agent, but after his suicide attempt in August 2007,<ref name="OwenRecast">{{cite news|title=Owen Wilson comedy role is recast|work=BBC News|date =2007-09-20|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7004326.stm|accessdate=2008-05-27}}</ref> he was replaced by [[Matthew McConaughey]].
Cruise was initially going to cameo as Stiller's character's agent. Instead Cruise suggested creating a studio head position and it was reworked into the script. Stiller and Cruise worked together to create a middle-aged character that required a fat suit, fake large hands, and a fake bald wig.<ref name="AustMate"/><ref name="CruiseCameo">{{cite news|last=Pearlman|first=Cindy|title=Battlefield mirth for Ben Stiller|work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|date=2008-08-10|url=http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/pearlman/1099721,SHO-Sunday-stiller10.article|accessdate=2008-08-10}}</ref> [[Owen Wilson]] was then going to portray the agent, but after his suicide attempt in August 2007,<ref name="OwenRecast">{{cite news|title=Owen Wilson comedy role is recast|work=BBC News|date =2007-09-20|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7004326.stm|accessdate=2008-05-27}}</ref> he was replaced by [[Matthew McConaughey]].

Revision as of 22:28, 13 August 2008

Tropic Thunder
Theatrical release poster
Directed byBen Stiller
Written byBen Stiller
Justin Theroux
Etan Cohen
Produced byStuart Cornfeld
Eric McLeod
Ben Stiller
StarringBen Stiller
Jack Black
Robert Downey Jr.
Brandon T. Jackson
Steve Coogan
CinematographyJohn Toll
Edited byGreg Hayden
Music byTheodore Shapiro
Distributed byDreamWorks Pictures
Release date
August 13 2008
Running time
107 min.
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$100[1]—$150 million[2]

Tropic Thunder is a 2008 action comedy film directed by Ben Stiller and starring Stiller, Jack Black and Robert Downey Jr. as a group of prima donna actors filming a Vietnam War film when their fed-up writer-director decides to dump them in the middle of the jungle for them to fight their way out. It was released on August 13, 2008.[3]

Cast

Cameos

Casting

Downey's role of an Australian portraying an African American was created as a way of lampooning the great lengths that some method actors will go to depict a role.[4] Downey acknowledged the potential controversy over the role: "at the end of the day, it's always about how well you commit to the character. If I didn't feel it was morally sound, or that it would be easily misinterpreted that I'm just C. Thomas Howell [in Soul Man], I would've stayed home."[4] Brandon T. Jackson, who portrays Alpa Chino in the film, stated: "When I first read the script, I was like: What? Black face? But when I saw him [act] he, like, became a black man...It was just good acting. It was weird on the set because he would keep going with the character. He's a method actor."[6] Ben Stiller also commented on Downey's portrayal of a white actor playing a black man: "When people see the movie – in the context of the film, he’s playing a method actor who’s gone to great lengths to play an African American. The movie is skewering actors and how they take themselves so seriously. Audiences that have seen it so far have totally embraced the character."[7] Stiller also previewed the film before several African American journalists and the NAACP who reacted positively to the character.[8] The script was initially written for Downey's character to be Irish, but was rewritten after Downey stated he could improvise better as Australian.[9] In addition, Downey's practice of remaining in character off the film set was also written into the script for his character to perform as well.[8]

Cruise was initially going to cameo as Stiller's character's agent. Instead Cruise suggested creating a studio head position and it was reworked into the script. Stiller and Cruise worked together to create a middle-aged character that required a fat suit, fake large hands, and a fake bald wig.[9][10] Owen Wilson was then going to portray the agent, but after his suicide attempt in August 2007,[11] he was replaced by Matthew McConaughey.

Tom Cruise cameo

Stiller had intended to keep Cruise's role in the film a surprise. The film studio has refused to release pictures of Cruise's character as he appears in the movie.[12] Images of Tom Cruise with a bald headpiece and in a fat suit appeared on Inside Edition, in November 2007,[13] and also appeared on the Internet.[14] Cruise is reported to play a fat movie mogul in the film.[15] Attorneys for Tom Cruise threatened a lawsuit if photos showing Cruise bald, bearded and wearing a fat suit were published.[16] A representative for Cruise stated: "Mr. Cruise's appearance was supposed to be a surprise for his fans worldwide. Paparazzi have ruined what should have been a fun discovery for moviegoers."[17] Photo agency INF responded with a statement: "While these pictures were taken without breaking any criminal or civil laws, we've decided to pull them from circulation effective immediately."[16] MTV News reported that, "...reps are reportedly having the image of a fat, balding Cruise pulled from the Internet as quickly as sites can put it up."[18] In an April 2008 interview with MTV News, Ben Stiller refused to discuss Tom Cruise's role in the film.[19]

Production

Setup

Before the film, fake trailers will be shown, similar to fake trailers shown with the 2007 film Grindhouse. One trailer shows Tugg Speedman's latest film, "Scorcher VI: Global Meltdown". Another trailer is for Jeff Portnoy's film, "The Fatties: Fart 2", which spoofs Eddie Murphy's portrayal of multiple characters such as in Nutty Professor II: The Klumps.[20] The final trailer, entitled "Satan's Alley", features Kirk Lazarus and Tobey Maguire.[21]

Script

"No, I feel the tone of the movie is its own thing. I think there are elements of satire, but I don't think it should be categorized just as that. There are elements of parody in it, but obviously I don't think it's just that. I feel like hopefully it's its own thing, which has a lot of familiar stuff that we are playing off of."
—Ben Stiller, reacting to the film being called a spoof.[22]

Ben Stiller got the idea for the film while shooting Empire of the Sun (1987),[4] in which he played a small part. Stiller wanted to make a film based on the actors he knew who considered themselves "self-important" after taking part in fake boot camps to prepare for war film roles.[23][24] The film satirizes other Vietnam war films including Platoon, Apocalypse Now, Full Metal Jacket, Hamburger Hill, The Deer Hunter, among others.[25] Co-writer Theroux revealed that the script was easier to write for viewers due to the increase of information that has been made available about Hollywood's inner workings from celebrity websites and Hollywood news sources.[24]

Filming

The film was greenlit by DreamWorks in 2006 and pre-production lasted for six months, with the majority of the time spent on scouting the locations for filming.[20][26] Although Southern California was initially suggested for filming, shooting for the film took place on the Hawaiian island of Kauai, where Stiller has a home.[26] Additional filming took place in Los Angeles at Universal Studios in Hollywood.[26] The island was first scouted in 2004 by Stiller for more than 25 hours over six weeks, and was selected over filming in Mexico based on a tax credit for in-state spending that was negotiated with the Kauai Film Commission.[26][27] The first major studio production on the island in five years, preliminary production crews were on the island starting in December 2006 and principal photography began in July 2007, with filming lasting 13 weeks.[28][29] After filming was completed, it was determined that Tropic Thunder was the largest production ever filmed on the island.[26] Tim Ryan, the executive editor of Hawaii Film & Video Magazine, commented on the filming on the island: "I think Tropic Thunder will give Kaua‘i much needed and long idled publicity in the production arena...It should put Kaua‘i back on the production consideration radar."[28] Casting calls on the island sought 500 residents to portray the Vietnamese villagers in the film.[28]

The film advising company Warriors Inc. was used to ensure authenticity of the war scenes throughout the film, including the attire worn by the actors. Former U.S. military members taught the actors how to handle, fire, and reload the weapons along with tactical movements.[30] Filming the large napalm explosion in the opening scene of the film required a 450-foot (137-m) long row of explosive pots containing 1,100 gallons (4,165 liters) of gasoline and diesel fuel. Due to the size and cost of the explosion, it was only performed once, and the 1.25-second explosion was captured by eleven cameras.[30][31] The explosion was made up of 12 individual explosions and resulted in a mushroom cloud that reached 350 feet (107 m) in the air.[30][31]

Premiere and release date

The film had its premiere on August 11, 2008 at the Mann Village Theatre in Westwood, Los Angeles, California, two days before the film's release in theaters. More than 200 members of several disability groups picketed before the premiere, protesting the portrayal of mental retardation shown within the film (see related section below).[32] The groups revealed that it was the first time that they had ever protested together at an event.[32] As a result of the protest, the normally unobstructed views of the red carpet leading to the premiere was blocked off by 10-foot (3-m) high fences and there was an increase of security personnel used.[33]

The release date for the film's North American release was August 13, 2008, two days earlier than its originally planned release, which was also the opening weekends for Star Wars: The Clone Wars and Mirrors. Studios consider the third week of August to be a weaker performing period than earlier in the summer due to students returning to school.[34] However, R-rated comedies such as The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005) and Superbad (2007) were released in mid-August and performed well at the box office. Reacting to Tropic Thunder's release date, Rob Moore, vice chairman of Paramount Pictures, stated: "For a young person at the end of summer, you want to have some fun and forget about going back to school. What better than a crazy comedy?"[34]


Promotion

A trailer for the film was released in April 2008, and the Calgary Herald gave it a rating of 3/5, commenting: "This could either be good or very, very bad."[35] The trailer received the "best comedy trailer" award at the 9th annual Golden Trailer Awards.[36] The film's red band trailer was the first one ever used by DreamWorks to promote a film.[37]

Appearances

Stiller signing autographs prior to a screening at Camp Pendleton on August 3, 2008

Ben Stiller, Jack Black and Robert Downey, Jr. appeared on the seventh season finale of American Idol in a sketch (funded by themselves to charity) as The Pips performing with Gladys Knight, using archival footage of her. The three actors also later performed a sketch in the 2008 MTV Movie Awards which featured the actors attempting to create a successful viral video to promote the film, with awkward results. Afterwards, the three later appeared to present the "Best Movie" award.

Since April 2008, the film has had more than 250 promotional screenings.[38] On August 3, 2008 Stiller, Black, and Downey, Jr. visited Camp Pendleton, a California Marine base, to present a screening to over a thousand military members and their families. The screening was on behalf of the USO and included the actors heading to the screening by helicopter and Humvees.[39] On August 8, 2008, a special 30-minute True Hollywood Story aired about the making of Tropic Thunder. In video games, a themed scavenger hunt was incorporated into Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Vegas 2 and Stiller gave the approval for allowing his likeness to be used in the online Facebook application game based on the film.[40][41]

Faux documentary and websites

In mid-July 2008, a faux trailer for the mockumentary Rain of Madness was released, which is a parody of Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse.[42][43] The faux documentary included a movie poster and an official website prior to Tropic Thunder's release. Portions of the documentary will be released on the music website iTunes after the film's release, and then included on the DVD release.[22] In addition, several faux websites were created for the main characters and some of their prior film roles.

Energy drink

As a tie-in for the film's release, Paramount announced that it would be marketing an energy drink known as "Booty Sweat" which is shown throughout the film. This is the first product to be released concurrently with a film's release, as other fictional products are usually released after the film has ended its theater run.[44] Michael Corcoran, the president of consumer products for Paramount Pictures commented on the release: "Not to my knowledge has this ever been done before. We're very excited, because it has the potential to live for quite a while, well beyond the film."[44] The drink is going to be marketed in college bookstores, Amazon.com, and other retailers.[44]

Reception

The film has received mostly positive reviews. As of August 13, the film has an 80% positive rating based on 80 reviews from critics at the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes.[45] At the website MetaCritic, which utilizes a normalized rating system, the film earned a favorable rating of 74/100 based on 29 reviews.[46]

After attending an industry screening in April 2008 Michael Cieply from The New York Times is quoted as saying the film "...is shaping up as one of [DreamWorks]’s best prospects for the summer."[12] A review in Variety by Todd McCarthy was critical, with McCarthy commenting: "Apart from startling, out-there comic turns by Robert Downey Jr. and Tom Cruise, however, the antics here are pretty thin, redundant and one-note."[47]

Box office performance

Stacey Snider, the chief executive of DreamWorks suggested that the film would earn around $30 million in its opening weekend and go on to be as successful as the 2006 film Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan, which earned $129 million domestically and a total of $260 million worldwide.[37] Bob Thompson, a writer for the National Post, speculated that the film would outperform The Dark Knight which had been the number one film in domestic box office performance for the four weeks prior to the release of Tropic Thunder.[48]

Portrayal of intellectual disabilities

Tropic Thunder has caused controversy in the disability advocacy community. A website for Simple Jack, a faux film exhibited within the film, was pulled on August 4, amid several groups' concerns over its portrayal of mental retardation, also known as intellectual disabilities to the disability advocacy groups.[49] A spokesman for DreamWorks stated "We heard their concerns, and we understand that taken out of context, the site appeared to be insensitive to people with disabilities."[49] A coalition of more than 22 disability advocacy groups, including the Special Olympics and the Arc of the United States, object to the repeated use of "retard", which disability advocates call "the R-word," because of its considered "hate speech" connotations.[38] DreamWorks initially spoke of screening the film with the groups to determine if the film still offended the groups.[50][51] However, the screening was postponed to the same day of the premiere on August 11 instead of August 8.[52] After some representatives for the groups saw the private screening, they picketed outside the film's premiere.[53][54] Timothy Shriver, the chairman of the Special Olympics stated "This population struggles too much with the basics to have to struggle against Hollywood. We're sending a message that this hate speech is no longer acceptable."[55]

Disability advocates and others who have previewed the film report that the offensive treatment of individuals with intellectual disabilities is woven throughout the film’s plot.[52] Disability advocates are urging people not to see the film, claiming it is demeaning to individuals with intellectual disabilities, and they fear it will encourage bullying.[56] Etan Cohen, the co-writer of the film, claimed "Some people have taken this as making fun of handicapped people, but we're really trying to make fun of the actors who use this material as fodder for acclaim."[57] He went on to state that the film lampoons actors such as Dustin Hoffman and Tom Hanks who portrayed mentally retarded characters in Rain Man and Forrest Gump, respectively.[57] A DreamWorks spokesman did not directly respond to the criticism, stating that the film "...is an R-rated comedy that satirizes Hollywood and its excesses, makes its point by featuring inappropriate and over-the top characters in ridiculous situations."[38] The film's advertising has been altered, but none of the scenes in the film were edited as a result of the opposition.[38][54]

Soundtrack

Untitled

The soundtrack and score for Tropic Thunder were released on August 5, 2008, the week before the film's release. The soundtrack features songs from The Temptations, MC Hammer, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Edwin Starr and other artists. The single "Name of the Game" by The Crystal Method will have an exclusive remix on the soundtrack.[58]

  1. "The Name Of The Game (The Crystal Method's Big A** T.T. Mix)" by The Crystal Method (5:11)
  2. "Ball Of Confusion (That's What The World Is Today)" by The Temptations (4:08)
  3. "Run Through the Jungle" by Creedence Clearwater Revival (3:05)
  4. "Sadeness, Pt. 1" by Enigma (4:13)
  5. "U Can't Touch This" by MC Hammer (4:14)
  6. "Ready Set Go" by Ben Gidsjoy (5:00)
  7. "I Just Want to Celebrate" by The Mooney Suzuki (3:51)
  8. "I'd Love to Change the World" by Ten Years After (3:43)
  9. "The Pusher" by Steppenwolf (5:48)
  10. "Movin' on Up" by Ja'Net DuBois (1:08)
  11. "Frankenstein" by The Edgar Winter Group (4:45)
  12. "Sometimes When We Touch" by Dan Hill (4:08)
  13. "War" by Edwin Starr (3:47)
  14. "I Love Tha Pussy" by Brandon T. Jackson (3:23)

References

  1. ^ Kelly, Brendan (2007-04-16). "Jay Baruchel, boy soldier". The Gazette. Retrieved 2008-07-07. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ Ansen, David (2008-08-02). "Days of 'Thunder'". Newsweek. Retrieved 2008-08-02. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ Fernandez, Jay A. (2008-07-15). "Paramount's big financing deal falls through". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2008-07-15. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Vary, Adam B (2008-03-05). "First Look: 'Tropic Thunder'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-05-27. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ Rain of Madness
  6. ^ McGee, Tiffany (2008-07-18). "Costar Praises Robert Downey Jr. for Race-Bending Role". People. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
  7. ^ Horkins, Tony (2008-03-18). "Exclusive: Stiller Talks Tropic Thunder". Empire. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  8. ^ a b Ordoña, Michael (2008-08-10). "Playing war gets serious in 'Thunder'". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
  9. ^ a b Itzkoff, Dave (2008-08-10). "Spoof Within a Movie Within a Movie Within ..." The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
  10. ^ Pearlman, Cindy (2008-08-10). "Battlefield mirth for Ben Stiller". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
  11. ^ "Owen Wilson comedy role is recast". BBC News. 2007-09-20. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  12. ^ a b Cieply, Michael (2008-04-03). "Tom Cruise, in Bit Role, Nips Studio's Top Gun". The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  13. ^ "Tom Cruise in a Fat Suit for "Tropic Thunder"". WorstPreviews. 2007-11-19. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  14. ^ Silverman, Stephen M (2008-04-03). "Revealed: More Details on Tom Cruise's Cameo in Tropic Thunder". People Magazine. Time Inc. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  15. ^ Miller, Neil (2007-11-09). "Tom Cruise Rocks a Fat Suit for Stiller's 'Tropic Thunder'". Film School Rejects. www.filmschoolrejects.com. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
  16. ^ a b Naidu, Rajeshni (2007-11-20). "Tom Cruise fat suit photos banned". National Nine News. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  17. ^ Etherington, Daniel (2008-04-02). "Tropic Thunder Movie Preview (2008) from Channel 4 Film". Channel 4 News. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  18. ^ Carroll, Larry (2007-11-20). "Tom Cruise 'Tropic Thunder' Photo Spoils Surprise". MTV News. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  19. ^ Carroll, Larry (2008-04-03). "'Tropic Thunder' Multitasker Ben Stiller Can't Discuss Tom Cruise's Cameo, But He Did Reveal Jack Black's Water-Buffalo Baby". MTV News. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  20. ^ a b Lee, Chris (2008-08-10). "In 'Tropic Thunder,' Ben Stiller toughs it out with Jack Black, Downey Jr. and Cruise". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Sciretta, Peter (2008-04-13). "Tropic Thunder to Feature Fake Movie Trailers". www.slashfilm.com. Retrieved 2008-05-27. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ a b Portman, Jamie (2008-08-06). "Stiller pushes boundaries with war-film farce". The Gazette. Retrieved 2008-08-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ Wynter, Kareen (2008-08-11). "'Tropic Thunder' pushes envelope and then some". CNN. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ a b Tourtellotte, Bob (2008-08-11). "Hollywood, an easy target for "Tropic Thunder" jokes". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ Kirkland, Bruce (2008-08-10). "On the offensive". Winnipeg Sun. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. ^ a b c d e Levy, Emanuel. "Tropic Thunder: Making of a War Movie Satire". Emanuel Levy. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite news}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  27. ^ Longwell, Todd (2008-05-16). "Hawaii is enticing major filming productions". www.hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved 2008-05-27. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ a b c Vines, Todd A. (2007-05-03). "Feel the 'Tropic Thunder'". The Garden Island. Retrieved 2008-07-07. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  29. ^ Green, Adam (August 2008). "Fool's Gold". Men's Vogue. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
  30. ^ a b c Levy, Emanuel. "Tropic Thunder: Shooting the Battle Scenes". Emanuel Levy. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  31. ^ a b Amodio, Joesph (2008-08-10). "Ben Stiller spoofs war in 'Tropic Thunder'". Newsday. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ a b Puig, Claudia (2008-08-12). "Protesters find no humor in 'Tropic Thunder'". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-08-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  33. ^ Siegel, Tatiana (2008-08-11). "'Tropic' premiere brings protest". Variety. Retrieved 2008-08-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ a b Friedman, Josh (2008-05-22). "Studios relying on same-weekend strategy for movie openings". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-07-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  35. ^ "Trailer Treasures & Trash: A Sneak Peek at the hottest trailers". Calgary Herald. www.canada.com. 2005-04-25. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  36. ^ Kroll, Justin (2008-05-09). "Golden Trailer Awards honor previews". Variety. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
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  38. ^ a b c d Cieply, Michael (2008-08-10). "Groups Weigh Boycott of 'Tropic Thunder'". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ Breznican, Anthony (2008-08-04). "'Tropic Thunder' stars take Marine base by storm". USAToday. Retrieved 2008-08-06.
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  43. ^ Susman, Gary (2008-07-09). "Trailer Blazer: 'Tropic Thunder' mockumentary 'Rain of Madness'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-07-15. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ a b c Brodesser-Akner, Claude (2008-06-26). "Paramount Breaks Out the Booty Sweat". Advertising Age. Retrieved 2008-07-01. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  45. ^ "Tropic Thunder at Rottentomatoes.com". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
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  50. ^ Cieply, Michael (2008-08-05). "Dreamworks to Meet With Disability Groups". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  51. ^ Lewis, Hilary (2008-08-07). "DreamWorks "Retard" Scandal Update: Disability-Rights Groups To Watch "Tropic Thunder," See If They Are Offended". Business Sheet. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  52. ^ a b Cieply, Michael (2008-08-11). "Groups Call for Boycott of 'Tropic Thunder' Film". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  53. ^ Lewis, Hilary (2008-08-11). "Disability-Rights Groups See "Tropic Thunder," Mortified By "Retard" Jokes". Business Sheet. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  54. ^ a b Zeidler, Sue (2008-08-11). "Advocates for disabled to protest "Tropic Thunder"". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  55. ^ Lang, Derrick (2008-08-12). "Mental disability groups protest 'Tropic Thunder'". Associated Press. Retrieved 2008-08-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  56. ^ Bauer, Patricia (2008-08-01). "Tropic Thunder: 'Once upon a time ... There was a retard'". www.patriciaebauer.com. Retrieved 2008-08-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  57. ^ a b Adler, Shawn (2008-08-11). "'Tropic Thunder' Director/Star Ben Stiller Says Disability Advocates' Planned Boycott Is Unwarranted". MTV. Retrieved 2008-08-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  58. ^ IGN Music (2008-07-18). "Tropic Thunder Drops The Bomb". IGN. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
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