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A [[UN General Assembly]] in September 2005 marked the 60th anniversary of the UN and the members were to decide on a number of necessary reforms—including the enlarged SC. However the unwillingness to find a negotiable position stopped even the most urgent reforms; the September 2005 General Assembly was a setback for the UN.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}
A [[UN General Assembly]] in September 2005 marked the 60th anniversary of the UN and the members were to decide on a number of necessary reforms—including the enlarged SC. However the unwillingness to find a negotiable position stopped even the most urgent reforms; the September 2005 General Assembly was a setback for the UN.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}


The G4 retain their goal of permanent UNSC membership for all four nations (plus two African nations). In January 2006, Japan announced it would not support putting the G4 resolution back on the table, not to interfere with any effort by the African Union to unite behind a single plan. And meanwhile, Japan's continuing relations with the G4 were not mutually exclusive.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb137/is_2_28/ai_n29284034/?tag=content;col1]Harvard International Review, Summer, 2006 by Emily Bruemmer</ref> <ref>[http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/reform/cluster1/2006/0107bid.htm Japan Says No to G4 Bid], Global Policy Forum, News24.com, 7 Jan 2006</ref>
The G4 retain their goal of permanent UNSC membership for all four nations (plus two African nations). In January 2006, Japan announced it would not support putting the G4 resolution back on the table, not to interfere with any effort by the African Union to unite behind a single plan. And meanwhile, Japan's continuing relations with the G4 were not mutually exclusive.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb137/is_2_28/ai_n29284034/?tag=content;col1Harvard International Review, Summer, 2006 by Emily Bruemmer]</ref> <ref>[http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/reform/cluster1/2006/0107bid.htm Japan Says No to G4 Bid], Global Policy Forum, News24.com, 7 Jan 2006</ref>


G4 issued joint statement in Feb 12 2011, in which their foreign ministers agreed to seek concrete outcome in the current session of the UN General Assembly.<ref>[http://en.huanqiu.com/world/americas/2011-02/622480.html]</ref>
G4 issued joint statement in Feb 12 2011, in which their foreign ministers agreed to seek concrete outcome in the current session of the UN General Assembly.<ref>[http://en.huanqiu.com/world/americas/2011-02/622480.html Thaindian News Sat Feb 12 2011 by IANS]</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 03:52, 8 April 2011

"Group of Four" redirects here. For the Australian term for the Group of Four ISPs, see Group of Four (Australia).

The G4 member states are:

G4 countries.

The G4 is an alliance among Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan for the purpose of supporting each other’s bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council. Unlike the G8 (formerly known as G7), where the common denominator is the economy and long term political motives, the G4's primary aim is the permanent member seats on the UN Security Council. However, the G4's bid is often opposed by certain countries (see below).[1]

Background

The UN currently has five permanent members with veto powers in the Security Council: the People's Republic of China, France, Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The G4 nations are regularly elected to two-year terms on the Security Council by their respective groups: in the 24-year period from 1987 to 2010, Japan was elected for five terms, Brazil for five terms, Germany for four terms and India for two terms.[2]

All G4 nations[3] have GDP higher than that of the current permanent member of the Security Council with lowest GDP (Russia), but they are not the only such states (the remaining are Italy, Spain and Canada of the Uniting for Consensus).

Delay and opposition

There has been discontent among the present permanent members regarding the inclusion of controversial nations or countries not supported by them. For instance, Japan's bid is heavily opposed by the People's Republic of China, who believes that Japan needs to atone further for its war crimes in World War II. At the same time Japan finds strong support from the United States [4] and the United Kingdom.[5]

Countries that strongly oppose the G4 countries' bids have formed the Uniting for Consensus movement, or the Coffee Club, now comprising over 40 nations[citation needed]. The leaders of this group are Italy, South Korea, Mexico, Argentina and Pakistan.[6] In East Asia, both China and South Korea heavily oppose Japan's bid. In Europe, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands all oppose a seat for Germany. In Latin America, Argentina, Colombia and Mexico are opposing a seat for Brazil. In South Asia, Pakistan is opposing India's bid. Also important are historical political animosities toward certain G4 nations (see Japanese war crimes, Comfort women for Japan, and The Holocaust for Germany).

Activity

The G4 suggested that two African nations, in addition to themselves, be included in the enlarged UNSC. In several conferences during the summer of 2005, the African Union was unable to agree on two nominees: Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa all lay claim to a permanent African UNSC seat.[7][8]

A UN General Assembly in September 2005 marked the 60th anniversary of the UN and the members were to decide on a number of necessary reforms—including the enlarged SC. However the unwillingness to find a negotiable position stopped even the most urgent reforms; the September 2005 General Assembly was a setback for the UN.[citation needed]

The G4 retain their goal of permanent UNSC membership for all four nations (plus two African nations). In January 2006, Japan announced it would not support putting the G4 resolution back on the table, not to interfere with any effort by the African Union to unite behind a single plan. And meanwhile, Japan's continuing relations with the G4 were not mutually exclusive.[9] [10]

G4 issued joint statement in Feb 12 2011, in which their foreign ministers agreed to seek concrete outcome in the current session of the UN General Assembly.[11]

References

  1. ^ http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/200/41231.html
  2. ^ Membership of the Security Council
  3. ^ India according to the IMF and World Bank, but not according to the CIA World Factbook.
  4. ^ US backs Japan's UNSC bid despite setback to momentum, People's Daily, 19 April 2005
  5. ^ UK backs Japan for UNSC bid, Central Chronicle, 11 January 2007
  6. ^ "Players and Proposals in the Security Council Debate", Global Policy Forum, 3 July 2005. Retrieved 14 May 2006.
  7. ^ Africa's Battle for Power in the Security Council, United Nations Radio, 21 July 2005. Retrieved 14 May 2006.
  8. ^ Africa: Security Council Expansion, AfricaFocus Bulletin, 30 April 2005. Retrieved 14 May 2006.
  9. ^ International Review, Summer, 2006 by Emily Bruemmer
  10. ^ Japan Says No to G4 Bid, Global Policy Forum, News24.com, 7 Jan 2006
  11. ^ Thaindian News Sat Feb 12 2011 by IANS

See also

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