Usage share of operating systems: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 17:19, 21 November 2015
The usage share of operating systems is the percentage market share of the operating systems used in computers. Different categories of computers use a wide variety of operating systems (OS), so the total usage share varies significantly from one category to another. Android has the largest installed base of all general-purpose operating systems, and it is the most popular OS in Asia[1] and Africa,[2] by web usage. Since 2013, devices running it have been selling more than Windows, iOS and Mac OS X devices combined. That makes Android the most popular smartphone operating system, while on tablets, the iPad tablet still makes iOS more popular in that category. In certain categories, one family of operating systems dominates, for example, most desktop and laptop computers use Microsoft Windows, while most supercomputers use Linux. In the servers category, there is more diversity. Data about operating system share is difficult to obtain, since in most categories there are few reliable primary sources or agreed methodologies for its collection.
Worldwide device shipments
According to Gartner, the following is the worldwide device shipments (referring to wholesale) by operating system, which includes smartphones, tablets, laptops and PCs together.
Source | Year | Android | iOS/OS X | Windows | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gartner[3] | 2014 | 48.61% | 11.04% | 14.0% | 26.34% |
Gartner[4] | 2013 | 38.51% | 10.12% | 13.98% | 37.41% |
Gartner[5] | 2012 | 22.8% | 9.6% | 15.62% | 51.98% |
On 22 October 2015, Microsoft reported Windows 10 running on 110 million devices[6] of their goal of 1 billion (in 2–3 years from launch).
Desktop and laptop computers
There is little openly published information on the usage share of desktop and laptop computers. Gartner publishes estimates, but the way the estimates are calculated is not openly published. Another source of market share of various operating systems is StatCounter[12] basing its estimate on web use. Also, sales may overstate usage. Most computers are sold with a pre-installed operating system (OS); some users replace that OS with a different one due to personal preference, or install another OS alongside it and use both. Conversely, sales underestimate usage by not counting unauthorized copies. For example, in 2009, approximately 80% of software sold in China were due to copyright infringement.[13] In 2007, the statistics from an automated update of IE7 for registered Windows computers differed with the observed web browser share, leading one writer to estimate that 25–35% of all Windows XP installations were illegal.[14]
Web analysis shows significant variation in different parts of the world. For example, in North America usage of Windows XP has dropped to 4.7%, but in Asia it is still 13.6% (even higher in China, at 30%;[15] and India[16]). Conversely OS X in North America claims 17% whereas in Asia it is only 3%.[17]
Web clients
The most recent data from various sources published during the last twelve months is summarized in the table below. All of these sources monitor a substantial number of web sites; statistics related to one web site only are excluded.
As of August 2015[update], every weekend Android is ranked highest, above Windows 7,[19] but note that Android includes many versions (already summarized by StatCounter, unlike what it does for Windows; done in the graph here for convenience), while Windows 7, is just one version of Microsoft Windows, that is however by far the most popular Windows version (currently). See also #Crossover to mobile getting more popular.
In China, Android has on some days ranked highest, above Windows 7, and every week since 18 September 2015[20] (not only weekends[21]). In fact, in the Asian continent, Android has been ranked 1st, for some time now, currently at 38.54%, Windows 7 2nd at 25.52%, iOS 3rd at 7.58%.[22] In the African continent, Android (is at times up to 48.43%) is also ranked 1st above all Windows version combined.[23]
Source | Date | Microsoft Windows: ![]() |
Apple: ![]() |
Linux kernel based: ![]() |
Others[a] | |||||||||
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10 | 8/8.1 | 7 | Vista | XP | WP&RT | Others | OS X | iOS | Linux | Android | Other | |||
StatCounter Global Stats[24] | Jul 2015[update] | ![]() |
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Wikimedia[25] | Jun 2015[update] | ![]() |
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W3Counter[26] | Feb 2015[update] | ![]() |
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- Note
- ^ The 'Other' column is obtained by summing all percentage data and subtracting from 100%.
Tablet computers
Tablet computers, or simply tablets, became a significant OS market share category starting with Apple's iPad. There have been 250 million iPads sold as of January 2015,[27] compared to 174 million Android and 5 million Microsoft Windows-based tablets, with others systems under half a million as of March 2014.[28] In first quarter 2015, smaller Android vendors mostly made up for the huge sales drop of the biggest vendors, Samsung (an Android vendor) and Apple.[29]
According to Strategy Analytics, "In 2015 Android will continue its domination of the global Tablet market",[30] while the dominating sales volume of Android tablets may not show up in web browsing statistics with different usage patterns of some of the lower-cost devices such as if you "stick it next to your bed and use it as an alarm clock with widgets for weather, stocks, etc."[31] Some tablet web usage may also not be reflected in statistics when "desktop" versions of web pages are requested.
Source | Date | Android | iOS | Windows | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gartner[28] | 2013 | 61.9% | 36.0% | 2.1% | <0.1% |
Strategy Analytics[32][33] | Q1 2013 | 43.4% | 48.2% | 7.5% | 0.9% |
Gartner[28] | 2012 | 45.8% | 52.8% | 1.0% | 0.3% |
Source | Date | iOS | Android | Linux | Win. RT | BlackBerry | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
StatCounter[34] | Jul 2015 | 65.51% | 31.36% | 2.57% | 0.78% | 0.2% | 0.16% |
StatCounter[35] | Feb 2015 | 66.47% | 29.6% | 2.48% | 1.16% | 0.17% | 0.08% |
StatCounter[36] | Oct 2014 | 71.67% | 25.62% | 2.31% | 0.08% | 0.19% | 0.13% |
As of March 2015[update], Android has made steady gains to becoming the most popular (is already, in some continents) tablet operating system (based on StatCounter's web use as a proxy, but sales numbers would also confirm);[37] that is the trend in many countries (at least counties where the market isn't saturated) having already gained majority in big countries (India at 63.25%,[38] and in Indonesia at 62.22%[39]) and in the Africa continent with Android at 62.22% (first to gain Android majority in late 2014),[40] with steady gains from 20.98% in August 2012[41] (Egypt at 62.37%,[42] Zimbabwe at 62.04%[42]), and South America at 51.09% in July 2015.[43] (Peru at 52.96%[44]). Asia is at 46%.[45] In Nepal, Android gained majority lead in November 2014 but lost it down to 41.35% with iOS at 56.51%[46] In Taiwan, as of February 2015, Android is on top with 51.31% after losing and gaining majority twice in 2014 up from 18.35 in August 2012.[47] China is a major exception (there Android phablets are much more popular than Android tablets, while similar devices get classified as smartphones) where the iPad/iOS is at 82.84% in March 2015.[48]
Mobile devices
Mobile operating systems that can be found on smartphones (and some on tablets) include Google's Android (including Kindle variant), Apple's iOS, Microsoft's Windows Phone 7/8/8.1, Nokia's Symbian, BlackBerry's BlackBerry OS, and Samsung's Bada.
Source | Date | Method | Android (including forks) |
iOS | BlackBerry | Symbian/Series 40 | Bada | Windows | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
comScore[49] (US only) | Jan 2015 | US subscribers | 53.2% | 41.3% | 1.8% | 0.1% | N/A | 3.6% | N/A |
comScore[50] (US only) | Jan 2014 | US subscribers | 51.7% | 41.6% | 3.1% | 0.2% | N/A | 3.2% | N/A |
Gartner[51] | Q2 2013 | Units sold in quarter | 79.0% | 14.2% | 2.7% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 3.3% | 0.2% |
Gartner[52] | Q1 2013 | Units sold in quarter | 74.4% | 18.2% | 3.0% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 2.9% | 0.3% |
International Data Corporation[53] | Q2 2014 | Units shipped in quarter | 84.7% | 11.7% | 0.5% | N/A | N/A | 2.5% | 0.7% |
International Data Corporation[54] | Q1 2013 | Units shipped in quarter | 75.0% | 17.3% | 2.9% | 0.6% | N/A | 3.2% | 0.0% |
StatCounter Global Stats[55] | Mar 2015 | Browsing (page view) | 61.94% | 22.64% | NA% | 6.00% | 1.26% | 2.27% | 5.83% |
StatCounter Global Stats[56] | Aug 2014 | Browsing (page view) | 54.87% | 23.57% | 1.59% | 9.73% | 0.14% | 2.36% | 7.73% |
StatCounter Global Stats[57] | Feb 2014 | Browsing (page view) | 47.57% | 22.97% | 2.62% | 14.86% | 3.86% | 2.22% | 2.22% |
Wikimedia (includes tablets) | Mar 2013 | Browsing (page view) | 25.93% | 66.53% | 2.02% | 3.03% | 0.42% | 1.85% | 0.7% |
Strategy Analytics[58] | Q3 2014 | Units shipped in quarter | 81.3% | 13.4% | 1.0% | N/A | N/A | 4.1% | 0.2% |
|
Crossover to mobile getting more popular
According to StatCounter web use statistics (a proxy for overall use), on weekends desktops worldwide lose about 5 percent points, e.g. down to 51.46% on 15 August 2015, with the loss in (relative) web use going to mobile (and also a tiny increase for tablets),[59] mostly because Windows 7, ranked 1st on workdays, declines in web use, with it shifting to Android and lesser degree to iOS.[60] Desktop has also been gradually losing relative market share over time.
Two continents, have already crossed over to mobile-majority (because of Android), based on StatCounters web use statistics. In June 2015, Asia became the first continent where mobile overtook desktop[61] (followed by Africa in August;[62] while Nigeria had mobile majority in October 2011,[63][64] because of Symbian – that later had 51% share, then Series 40 dominating, followed by Android as dominating operating system[65]) and as far back as October 2014, they had reported this trend on a large scale in a press release: "Mobile usage has already overtaken desktop in several countries including India, South Africa and Saudi Arabia".[66] In India desktop went from majority, in July 2012, down to 32%.[67] In Bangladesh desktop went from majority, in May 2013, down to 17%, with Android alone now accounting for majority web use.[68] Just a handful of African countries are still desktop-majority[69] and many have a large mobile majority including Ethiopia and Kenya, where mobile usage is over 72%.[70]
The popularity of mobile use worldwide, has been driven by the huge popularity increase of Android in Asian countries, where Android is highest ranked operating system in the statistics in virtually every south-east Asian country[71] while it also ranks most popular in almost every African country. A European country, Poland (and Turkey[72]), has also crossed over because of vastly most popular Android there.[73] Android and mobile browsing in general has also gotten hugely popular in all other continents where desktop has a huge (mostly saturated) desktop base and the trend to mobile is not as clear as a fraction of the total web use.
While some analysts count tablets with desktops (as some of them run Windows), others count them with mobile phones (as the vast majority of tablets run so-called mobile operating systems, such as Android or iOS on the iPad).
In March 2015, for the first time in the US the number of mobile-only adult internet users exceeded the number of desktop-only internet users with 11.6% of the digital population only using mobile compared to 10.6% only using desktop; this also means the majority, 78%, use both desktop and mobile to access the internet.[74]
Public servers on the Internet
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rack001.jpg/170px-Rack001.jpg)
Internet based servers' market share can be measured with statistical surveys of publicly accessible servers, such as web servers, mail servers[75] or DNS servers on the Internet: the operating systems powering such servers are found by inspecting raw response messages. This method gives insight only into market share of operating systems that are publicly accessible on the Internet.
There will be differences in the result depending on how the sample is done and observations weighted. Usually the surveys are not based on a random sample of all IP numbers, domain names, hosts or organisations, but on servers found by some other method.[citation needed] Additionally, many domains and IP numbers may be served by one host and some domains may be served by several hosts or by one host with several IP numbers.
Source | Date | Unix, Unix-like | Microsoft Windows | References | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Linux | BSD | Unknown | |||||||
W3Techs | Feb 2015 | 67.8% | 35.9% | 0.95% | 30.9% | 32.3% | [76][77] | |||
Security Space | Feb 2014 | <79.3% | — | >20.7% | [78][79] | |||||
W3Cook | May 2015 | 98.3% | 96.6% | 1.7% | 0% | 1.7% | [80] | |||
|
- Note
- Revenue comparisons often include "operating system software, other bundled software"[83] and are not appropriate for usage comparison as the Linux operating system doesn't cost anything (including "other bundled software"), except if optionally using commercial distributions such as Red Hat (in that case, cost of software for all software bundled with hardware has to be known for all operating systems involved, and subtracted). In cases where no-cost Linux is used, such comparisons underestimate Linux server popularity and overestimate other proprietary operating systems such as Windows.
Mainframes
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/IBM_System_z10.jpg/170px-IBM_System_z10.jpg)
The most common operating system for mainframes is IBM's z/OS (according to a 2008 report nearly "95% of Fortune 1000 companies use IBM's Information Management System (IMS) for their critical data management needs"[84]).
Linux as guest on mainframes
Operating systems for IBM System z generation hardware include IBM's bundled proprietary z/OS,[84] Linux on System z and as of 7 October 2008, the prototype OpenSolaris for System z.
Gartner reported on 23 December 2008, that Linux on System z was used on approximately 28% of the "customer z base" and that they expected this to increase to over 50% in the following five years.[85]
Of Linux on System z, Red Hat and Novell compete to sell RHEL and SLES respectively.
- Prior to 2006, Novell claimed a market share of 85% or more.
- Red Hat has since claimed 18.4% in 2007 and 37% in 2008.[86]
- Gartner reported at the end of 2008 that Novell had an 80% share of mainframe Linux.[85]
Supercomputers
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Operating_systems_used_on_top_500_supercomputers.svg/400px-Operating_systems_used_on_top_500_supercomputers.svg.png)
The TOP500 project lists and ranks the 500 fastest supercomputers for which benchmark results are submitted. It publishes the collected data twice a year.
Source | Date | Method | Linux | Unix | Mixed | Microsoft Windows | BSD based (incl. in Unix) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TOP500 | Nov 2015 | Systems share | 98.8% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | [88] |
TOP500 | Nov 2015 | Performance share | 99.09% | 0.91% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.0% | [88] |
TOP500 | Nov 2014 | Systems share | 97.0% | 2.6% | 0.2%[89] | 0.2% | 0.0% | [87] |
TOP500 | Nov 2014 | Performance share | 98.23% | 1.67% | 0.06% | 0.06% | 0.0% | [87] |
TOP500 | Nov 2013 | Systems share | 96.4% | 2.4% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.2% | [90] |
TOP500 | Nov 2013 | Performance share | 98.0% | 1.4% | 0.47% | 0.13% | 0.05% | [90] |
Market share by category
Category | Source | Date | Linux | BSD and other Unix | Windows | In-house | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Smartphone, tablet, handheld game console, smart TV, Wearable computer | StatCounter Global Stats[91] | Dec 2014 | 53.86% (Android) | 31.10% (iOS) | 1.87% (WP8, RT) | 13.17% | |
Server (web) | W3Techs[92] | Sep 2014 | 36.72% (Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, RHEL, Gentoo) | 30.18% (FreeBSD, HP-UX, Solaris, OS X Server) | 33.10% (W2K3, W2K8, W2K12) | ||
Supercomputer | TOP500[87] | Nov 2014 | 97.0% (Custom) | 2.4% (AIX) | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
Mainframe | Gartner[86] | Dec 2008 | 28% (SLES, RHEL) | 72% (z/OS) UNIX System Services | |||
Gaming console | Nintendo, Sony, Microsoft, Valve Corporation | Jun 2013 | 0% (SteamOS) | 29.6% (PS3) | 29.5% (Xbox 360) | 40.9% (Wii) | |
Embedded | UBM Electronics[93] | Mar 2012 | 29.44% (Android, Other) | 4.29% (QNX) | 11.65% (WCE 7) | 13.5% | 41.1% |
Real time | NewTechPress[94] | Nov 2011 | 19.3% (Android) | 35.8% (XPE, WCE) | 20.1% | 24.8% |
- Note
- Embedded and real time segments are vast categories with subcategories including automotive, avionics, health, medical equipment, consumer electronics, intelligent homes, telecommunications. The aggregated information above may be very different for each subcategory taken separately.
See also
- Comparison of operating systems
- List of operating systems
- Timeline of operating systems
- Usage share of BitTorrent clients
- Usage share of instant messaging clients
- Usage share of web browsers
References
- ^ "Top 8 OSs in Asia from Jan to Aug 2015". StatCounter. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
- ^ "Top 8 OSs in Africa from Jan to Aug 2015". StatCounter. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
- ^ a b "Gartner Says Tablet Sales Continue to Be Slow in 2015". 5 January 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
- ^ "Gartner Says Worldwide Traditional PC, Tablet, Ultramobile and Mobile Phone Shipments to Grow 4.2 Percent in 2014". 7 July 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
- ^ "Gartner Says Worldwide PC, Tablet and Mobile Phone Shipments to Grow 4.5 Percent in 2013 as Lower-Priced Devices Drive Growth". 21 October 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
- ^ http://www.microsoft.com/investor/EarningsAndFinancials/Earnings/PressReleaseAndWebcast/FY16/Q1/default.aspx
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-ww-monthly-201510-201510-bar
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/chart.php?bar=1&device=Desktop&device_hidden=desktop&multi-device=true&statType_hidden=os®ion_hidden=ww&granularity=monthly&statType=Operating%20System®ion=Worldwide&fromInt=201510&toInt=201510&fromMonthYear=2015-10&toMonthYear=2015-10&csv=1
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-ww-daily-20151018-20151117-bar
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-ww-daily-20151111-20151117-bar
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-ww-weekly-201540-201547
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-ww-monthly-201508-201508-bar StatCounter
- ^ "Software Pirates in China Beat Microsoft to the Punch". The New York Times. 19 October 2009.
- ^ "Around 25–35% of Windows XP systems are pirated (calculations included)".
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-CN-daily-20140301-20151011
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop-os-IN-daily-20140301-20151011
- ^ "Top 7 Desktop OSs in Asia on Sept 2015". StatCounter. 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ "Top 8 Operating Systems from Jan to July 2015". Hits link. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
{{cite journal}}
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(help)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ http://gs.statcounter.com/#all-os-CN-weekly-201537-201546
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ In Africa, Android (is at times up to 48.43%) is ranked highest above all Windows version combined.
- ^ "Worldwide user OS families use in Aug 2015".
- ^ "Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report - Operating Systems, 2015-06".
- ^ "Global stats". W3 Counter.
{{cite journal}}
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(help)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "The iPad's 5th anniversary: a timeline of Apple's category-defining tablet". The Verge. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
- ^ a b c Lunden, Ingrid (3 March 2014). "Gartner: 195M Tablets Sold In 2013, Android Grabs Top Spot From iPad With 62% Share". Retrieved 21 July 2014.
- ^ Smith, Eric (14 May 2015). "Small Tablet Vendors Gain Ground in Q1 2015, says Strategy Analytics: Apple and Samsung led 8 percent year-on-year contraction of Tablet market" (Press release). Strategy Analytics. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ King, Peter (18 February 2015). "Q1 2015 Tablet Operating System Forecast - Shipments, Installed Base & by Price Tier 2010 - 2019". Strategy Analytics. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ Factor1. "Tablet Market Misconceptions". techpinions.com.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ John Callaham (24 April 2013). "Strategy Analytics: 3 million Windows tablets shipped in Q1 2013". neowin. Retrieved 22 August 2014.
- ^ "Strategy Analytics Blogs". strategyanalytics.com.
- ^ Global Stats Top 7 Tablet OSs from Jan to Aug 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
- ^ Global Stats Top 7 Tablet OSs from Feb 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- ^ Global Stats Top 7 Tablet OSs from Oct 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ a b "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "Top 7 Tablet OSes in South America from Aug 2012 to Aug 2015". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "Top 7 Tablet OSes in South America from Aug 2012 to Sep 2015". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "comScore Reports January 2015 U.S. Smartphone Subscriber Market Share". comScore. 4 March 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ^ "comScore Reports January 2014 U.S. Smartphone Subscriber Market Share - comScore, Inc". comScore. 7 March 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
- ^ "Worldwide Smartphone Sales to End Users by Operating System in 2Q13".
- ^ "Worldwide Smartphone Sales to End Users by Operating System in 1Q13".
- ^ "Smartphone OS Market Share, Q2 2014".
- ^ "Top Five Smartphone Operating Systems, Shipments, and Market Share, 1Q13 (Units in millions)".
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats: Top 8 Mobile Operating Systems on Mar 2015".
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats: Top 8 Mobile Operating Systems on Aug 2014".
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats: Top 8 Mobile Operating Systems on Feb 2014".
- ^ "Android Captures Record 81 Percent Share of Global Smartphone Shipments in Q3 2013".
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "Mobile internet usage soars by 67%" (Press release). Retrieved 21 October 2014.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats - Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share". statcounter.com.
- ^ Number of Mobile-Only Internet Users Now Exceeds Desktop-Only in the U.S.. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ^ "Mail Server Survey". Security Space. August 2011.
- ^ "Usage of operating systems for websites". W3Techs. 7 March 2015.
- ^ "Usage of Unix for websites". W3Techs. 7 March 2015.
- ^ "Web Server Survey". Security Space. 1 March 2014.
- ^ "OS/Linux Distributions using Apache". Security Space. 1 March 2014.
- ^ "OS Market Share and Usage Trends". W3Cook.com. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- ^ "Web Technologies Statistics and Trends". W3Techs. December 2013.
- ^ "W3Cook FAQ". W3Cook.com. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- ^ "Worldwide Server Market Revenues Decline -3.7% in the Third Quarter as Weak Unix Server Demand Weights on the Market, According to IDC". International Data Corporation. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
- ^ a b "IBM Tightens Stranglehold Over Mainframe Market; Gets Hit with Antitrust Complaint in Europe". Computer & Communications Industry Association. 2 July 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ a b "Vendor Rating: Novell, 2008". Gartner RAS Core Research Note G00162399. 23 December 2008. Retrieved 23 November 2009.
- ^ a b Claybrook, Bill (1 September 2009). "Red Hat bolsters Linux for mainframes, tries to catch Novell". SearchDataCenter.com. Retrieved 23 November 2009.
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- ^ a b "Operating system Family share for 11/2015". Top 500 project.
- ^ "Shaheen - Blue Gene/P Solution". top500.org.
- ^ a b "Operating system Family share for 11/2013". Top 500 project.
- ^ "StatCounter Global Stats: Top 8 Mobile Operating Systems on December 2014".
- ^ "Usage of OS for websites". W3Techs. September 2014.
- ^ "Embedded market study -- Mars, 2012" (PDF).
- ^ "RTOS market". NewTechPress. November 2011.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)