Alexander Henry Haliday

Alexander Henry Haliday

Alexander Henry Haliday, also known as Enrico Alessandro Haliday, Alexis Heinrich Haliday, or sometimes Halliday (1806–1870), was an Irish entomologist. He is primarily known for his work on Hymenoptera, Diptera and Thysanoptera, but worked on all insect orders and on many aspects of entomology.

Haliday was born in Holywood, County Down, Ireland. A boyhood friend of Robert Templeton, he divided his time between Ireland and Lucca, now part of Italy, where he was a co-founder with Camillo Rondani and Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti of the Italian Entomological Society. He was a Member of the Royal Irish Academy and the Belfast Natural History Society, a Member of the Microscopical Society of London, a Member of the Galileiana Academy of Arts and Science and a Fellow of the (now Royal) Entomological Society of London.

With Hermann Loew, Alexander Haliday was among the greatest dipterists of the 19th century and one of the most renowned British entomologists of the day. His achievements were in four main fields: description, higher taxonomy, synonymy and biology. He erected many major taxa including the order Thysanoptera and the families Mymaridae and Ichneumonidae. Most of Haliday's correspondence with British and continental entomologists is in the library of the Royal Entomological Society, while other parts are in the Hope Department Library at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.

Haliday died in Lucca in 1870.

It was said of him:

He was our first entomologist. His ideas of classification and tabulation were so logical, his latinity so classical, and his knowledge of whatever he touched so masterly that I fear we shall be long before we look upon his like again

— Westwood, Obituary (Proc. Ent. Soc. London 1870: xlvii

Biography

Family

Alexander Henry Haliday was born in Clifden, Holywood, a small seaside town in County Down, Ireland on 21 November 1806. He was the eldest child of Dr William Haliday (1763-1836) and Marion Webster. His father was the nephew and heir of Dr Alexander Henry Haliday, one of Belfast’s best known physicians and political activists.

The Haliday family was Protestant, though not religious, and clearly well-placed, holding 3,228 acres (13.06 km²) of farmland in County Antrim valued at £3,054.00 in 1820. The family also owned properties in Holywood and in Dublin and had a cloth merchant business and shipping interests. His relative, Charles Haliday, was an Irish historian and antiquary. Haliday's brother, William Robert (d 1878), was a lieutenant-colonel in the 36th Regiment of Foot quartered at Windsor, and later rose to the rank of lieutenant-general. Aside from a collection of parrots from Australia, Malacca and Malabar, collected in the 1840s, William Haliday, whose name on the army register is spelled Halliday, is not known as a naturalist. Haliday's sister was named Hortense. She was interested in botany. Little is known of Hortense except that she suffered from tuberculosis as did the rest of the family. She is charmingly enshrined in Curtis' folio 4569 of British Entomology - being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland May 1, 1836.

For the beautiful drawing of Rosa hibernica (the Belfast Rose) I am indebted to Miss Haliday.

The Haliday family had relatives in Lucca, Italy. They were the Pisani's. – “I have been a long time about writing to you but the return of my sister and some other relatives from Italy who had not been home for many years has filled our house and occupied my thoughts mostly ie my cousin Mme Pisani, her husband and three nieces with myself" he wrote. The Pisani's were a prominent Lucca family and Haliday a frequent visitor to "Campagna bella e chiamate di Tuscanys a Firenze, a Lucca, a Pisa ed al Cinque Terre che la campagna della Toscana allunga dall'aria croccante e libera del Apennines ad alcune delle linee costiere più belle dell'Italia." The frequent presence of the Pisani family led to, according to Camillo Rondani, "Alessandro's" learning Italian "al suo ginocchio delle madri, come un nativo" as a child.

In 1858, Haliday obtained a confirmation of a coat of arms from the Ulster King of Arms. The confirmation was for himself and other descendants of his father.

Education

Haliday and his lifelong friend Robert Templeton, (though they were to see nothing of each other after 1833) began their education at the Belfast Academical Institution. Opened in 1814, the school had strong leanings towards natural history. Haliday, aged twelve, studied Classics first, then two years later took up Arithmetic and then two years after that, Mathematics. Both boys were taught drawing by an Italian master whose talents evidently lay in teaching as much as skill. Both boys became skilled illustrators. The natural history lessons from George Crawford Hyndman, were not a part of the curriculum but formal. Hyndman was an avid insect collector and one of the founding members of the Belfast Natural History Society which had a Museum and Library. He made much use of The naturalist's pocket-book by George Graves, a text deployed by both Haliday and Templeton. Haliday left the Belfast Academical Institution and the family home in nearby Holywood, at fifteen, moving to Dublin where he entered Trinity College in 1822. He graduated in 1827. Haliday was awarded a gold medal in classics. After graduating, Haliday then aged twenty, went to Paris in late 1827, staying for almost a year.

A trio of entomologists

In the years from 1832 to 1840, Haliday collected insects in many parts of England, most often with Francis Walker and John Curtis at Darent, Southgate and other parts of Southern England. With one or both of these lifelong friends who shared his passion for picturesque scenery, he made collecting excursions to the Western Isles, Skye the Isle of Bute and other parts of Scotland (1834), South and West Ireland (1835), the Lake district (1836), and North Wales (1837). Correspondence between the three reveals close personal as well as entomological ties. I have some idea of publishing the whole in 8 vol with a couple of plates, if I can secure myself from being a loan by it and Mr. Walker has kindly undertaken the Diptera so that we shall I trust make an interesting volume out of it. I hope your brother will arrive safe from abroad and that he may surprise you with a pretty collection of Hymenops, and if you have any duplicates I shall be most thankful for them. I often wish you were my neighbour that I might have the pleasure of looking over with you some of the wonders that delight me so much from the tropical climates, as well as to look over new works and have the benefit of your opinion on many subjects, you may therefore guess how disappointed I am to learn that you have no prospect of visiting London at present. Curtis to Haliday 13 February 1833

I ought to be very grateful for the trouble you have taken to illustrate my monograph and in accepting your services I hold myself to be under great obligation to you. I am much pleased with your plate – it illustrates all the most remarkable forms of Platygaster and I agree with you that typical species and those which recede furthest from them make the most useful figures …. I will have your plate engraved very shortly for I wish to publish the Platygaster before the end of July. FW to AHH letter May 20, 1835

In 1835, he joined William Thompson on a tour of England and Wales which began in London at the British Museum and the Zoological Gardens and included visits to Matlock, the Lake District (Vale of Newlands, Crummock Water, all of the lakes of Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Lancashire, except Lowes-Water, Ennerdale, and Wast-wate), Llangollen and Snowdon.

Metropolitan Dublin

In the years 1825 to 1840, Haliday spent most of his time in Dublin and from 1833, living at No. 3, North Cumberland Street (in later years his Dublin address was No. 8, Harcourt Street). He returned frequently to Clifden, however, and also spent much time in London and more than occasionally visited Lucca, staying with the Pisani's. Aside from its modern, metropolitan pleasures, Dublin had competing attractions for Haliday: the Dublin Society housing the Leske Collection, the Marsh Library and that of Trinity College, the Linnaean Garden (a garden presenting the 24 classes of Carl Linnaeus' Systema Naturae and now part of the National Botanic Gardens), the Opera and the Theatre Royal.

Times of strife

Anfiteatro Lucca

Between the years of 1841 and 1848, Haliday seemed to have spent most, if not all, of his time away from Ireland, mainly in the Pisani family home in Lucca. In these years, Europe was riven by conflict culminating in the Revolutions of 1848. In 1842, he was appointed High Sheriff of Antrim and he resided at his residence in the townland of Ballyhowne in the parish of Carnmoney . Prior to this, the Irish Potato Famine, beginning in 1845, took as many as one million lives from hunger and disease by 1849.

More settled times

In the 1850s, Haliday, once more a resident in Dublin, was employed as a lecturer in Invertebrate Zoology at the University of Dublin from 1854 to 1860. During these years, he also edited parts of the Natural History Review, gave lectures at meetings of the Dublin University Zoological Association (Trinity College) and curated the insect collections at the same University. Here, he renewed his interest in geology (Haliday, as did most educated people, had a well read copy of Charles Lyell's 3 volume book, Principles of Geology, in published between 1830 and 1833). He became a member of the Dublin University Geological Society on its foundation, not only attending meetings but the reading papers of geologists unable to attend in person. Presumably, his language skills were also useful. A manuscript in the Royal Irish Academy proves that Haliday gave a series of talks on fossil insects to the Dublin geologists illustrating this with specimens some from his own and the Universities collections. In these years, he made regular visits to London, usually staying with Henry Tibbats Stainton. The visits coincided with the more important meetings of the Entomological Society of London. Visits to the continent included two trips to Switzerland, staying near Monte Rosa with entomological friends.

Italy

In February 1862, Haliday took up residence in Villa San Cordeo in Lucca, staying in Paris en route, to study the important Johann Wilhelm Meigen collection. Changes of address in Lucca became the rule in March, Casa Pelosi, May, Monte Bonelli and in 1863 Villa Buia and Casa Massoni. Following a trip to Sicily, he moved into Villa Pisani with his cousin, Mme. Pisani and her family (husband and three nieces). Visits to see entomologists and expeditions became much more frequent. He collected insects over much of northern Italy in these years.

Travels in Italy

From 1862 until his death, Haliday travelled widely in Italy, mainly in the North - Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Lombardy, Piedmont, Aosta Valley and in Tuscany although he made two trips to Sicily. Various trips to Switzerland, France and Bavaria followed, and in 1865, with Edward Perceval Wright, he made an entomological expedition to Portugal. In May and June 1868, he toured Sicily with Wright.

I am back but a few days from an excursion in the Apennines cut short by unfavourable weather. I took a horse and man from baths of Lucca and found myself at Abetone the pass between Tuscany and Modena — ascending Giovo the highest point of the central Apennines which lies a little detached from the chain so commanding a more extensive view including both seas Adriatic and Tyrrhenian but I saw on the top only fog, rain and rock. Rondinago the next highest (in the main chain) was little better as to view and in the mist my guide who had never been at the summit took me up the most precipitous side really a perilous climb in fog — I had intended going on to some of the Apuan Alps (or Carrara range) but this experience discouraged me — also I found that the season was too far advanced in respect to vegetation and consequently insects

The second tour of Sicily with Wright in 1870, was his last. He died in Lucca.

Some of his collection localities included Emilia-Romagna, Comacchio and Tuscany.

Societies

Haliday was a Member of the Royal Irish Academy, the Microscopical Society of London the Entomological Society of London, the Linnean Society of London, the Dublin University Zoological Association, the Dublin University Geological Society the Stettin Entomological Society and La Società Entomologica Italiana or,in English, the Italian Entomological Society, of which he was a cofounder a Member of the Entomological Society of Stettin and a Member of the Galileiana Academy of Arts and Science.

Haliday the man

A cultured man Haliday was quite at home at the opera and was an avid concert and theatre-goer in both Dublin and Lucca and, occasionally Rome. Occasional literary references point to the novel and, naturally the classics and we know of family visits especially with Madame Pisani (of whom he appears to have been extraordinarily fond) "to view the paintings" He was, presumably, culturally no different from any other highly educated European gentleman.Invitations are to be found among the papers in the Royal Irish Academy- to M. Gounod's "Sappho", first performed in Paris in 1851, Verdi's "Rigoletto", "Il trovatore", "La traviata" and "Les vêpres siciliennes", Schumann's "Manfred"; Donizetti's "Lucia di Lammermoor" and Berlioz' "L'enfance du Christ". Such advanced musical tastes and opportunities usually come early in life and by were presumably instilled in Hortense and Henry by the Pisani's rather than by Haliday's provincial and decidedly dour family.It is worth noting, but no more, that Giacomo Puccini, the Italian opera composer,was born in Lucca, Haliday's other home town in 1859. Business, or rather lack of it did not occupy Haliday.There is no reference in his will to other than minor amounts. He died without leaving property or significant sums of money.As to personality,there is much humour in Haliday's writing all of it good natured and he was very tolerant of others failings though not always. Modesty was not a virtue; Haliday was by no mean self-effacing. Far from it -

A seafog, beyond the headland of Piombino, obscured the Mediterranean with the islands Elba, Corsica etc. But on that side the wild serrated coast of the Apeninne Alps was distinctly drawn and before us, from the one extremity where it first rises out of the Lunigiana valley, to the other where it ends in the half detached group of the Pisan mountains whereby the Pisans cannot see Lucca

The quote, which, in full is, in English, "Hunting the wolf and whelps upon the mountain for which the Pisans cannot see Lucca" is from Dante's Inferno Canto 23. No matter what the context Haliday simply could not resist showing his literary and other prowess whenever the opportunity presented itself. Religion did not especially interest him, though he was a regular attender at the Protestant church in Lucca, the author of a curious anonymous work Sunday school rhymes and other metrical pieces by a teacher possibly written by Hortense and he was an opponent of Transcendentalism. His political views were less progressive, at least in respect of the American Civil War and the Risorgimento. Despite the disordered nature of much of Haliday's life and suggestions that he suffered from nervous dyspepsia (belied by much of his writing) by and large he was in robust health.

Major achievements

In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister Goethe Natur und Kunst

• Contributions to the species concept by the designation of type specimens which would be suitably housed. This was suggested in a letter to the Entomological Magazine in 1833 and the idea was approved by the editor, Francis Walker.
• Contributions to the concept of synonymy.
• Establishing rules for systematics and nomenclature, Haliday's refined analysis of the history of names and the natural groupings the names identified was a model of perfection and the rules Haliday suggested were taken up by all important continental and most British authors.
• Haliday's description of the genus Orphnephila (Diptera: Thaumalaeidae)and the accompanying plate set a new standard of descriptive taxonomy far in advance of anything of its time.
• Halidays Essay on the classification of parasitic Hymenoptera is a seminal work of higher taxonomy.He was one of the pioneers of the group. Others were Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst, Arnold Förster (also Förster) and Nees von Essenbeck. The higher classification of the ichneumons is unstable but many of Halidays higher taxa have survived.
• Haliday was a specialist, working full-time on Diptera in the families Sphaeroceridae and Dolichopodidae and on the Hymenoptera and Thysanoptera (excepting the arena of synonymy)

Important works

The following are the more important works of Haliday

• 1832 The characters of two new dipterous genera with indications of some generic subdivisions and several species of Dolichopodidae. Zoological Journal 5: 350-368. 1 pl.
• 1833 with Francis Walker. Monographia Chalciditum. London, 1833–1842, Much of this work was collaborative with Haliday A.H who was the sole author of the sectional diagnoses.
• 1833-1838 An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain which correspond with the Ichneumones minuti of Linnaeus. Entomological Magazine 1: 259-276; 333-350; 48-491; 2: 93-106; 225-259; 4: 92-106; 203-221; 5:209-248.
• 1836 British species of the dipterous tribe Sphaeroceridae. Entomological Magazine 3: 315-336.
• 1836 An epitome of the British genera in the order Thysanoptera with indications of a few of the species. Entomological Magazine 3: 439-451.
• 1837 with John Curtis, James Charles Dale, Francis Walker, Second edition of A guide to the arrangement of British insects being a catalogue of all the named species hitherto discovered in Great Britain and Ireland
• 1839 Hymenoptera Britannica : Oxyura et Alysia. London, Balliére Fasc. 1: 15, Fasc. 2: 28 et 4.[2]
• 1839 Hymenopterorum Synopsis and Methodum Fallenii ut plurimum accommodata (Belfast) 8 4pg. s.titulo.[3]
• 1851-6 in Francis Walker Insecta Britannica Diptera 3 vols. London Characters and synoptical tables of the order (vol.I: 1-9 of the Empidae (Vol.I:85-88) of the Syrphidae (Vol.I: 234-237) chapters on the Dolichopodidae (Vol.I: 144-221),on the Borborides (Vol.II: 171-184), on the Hydromyzides (Vol.II: 247-269)also the corrigenda and addenda (Vol.III: xi-xvi) and contributions to the J.O. Westwood plates.
• 1851 with Dohrn, C.A. Wissenschaftliche Mittheilungen Sendschreiben von Alexis H. Haliday an C. A. Dohrn über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung Aus dem Englischen uberstez von Anna Dohrn and also (index) Haliday, A.H. Über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 12: 131-145.[4]
• 1857 Review Zoonomische briefe : allgemeine darstellung der Thierischen Organisation Von Dr. Hermann Burmeister, Professor der Zoologie zu Halle. Ersler und Zweiter Theil 8 vo. Otto Wigand: Leipzig 1856. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 69-77.

Miscellania

Haliday and the Linnean Collection

In the winter of 1847-8 Carl August Dohrn joined Haliday in London for a study of the Linnean collection later to be published in the Stettin Ent. Zeit for 1851 (Volume 12 131-145)under the German title Wissenschaftliche Mittheilungen Sendschreiben von Alexis H. Haliday an C. A. Dohrn über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung Aus dem Englischen uberstez von Anna Dohrn but also. Über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung [5].Dohrn, with his daughter Anna was staying with Henry Tibbats Stainton in Lewisham at the time. It was she, on a later visit to London who translated the account. Though Dohrn appears as author, he simply communicated the paper.In many bibliographies the paper is attributed to Haliday alone. This is the only known early account of the Diptera collection of Carl von Linné, examined 64 years after its acquisition by the Linnean Society.

Haliday and Darwin

"No branch of natural science has more fully felt the beneficial impulse and stimulus of Darwin's labors than entomology" Charles Valentine Riley 1883

In 1837 the results of Haliday's work on the Hymenoptera collected by the naturalists on two ships, H.M.S. 'Adventure' and H.M.S. 'Beagle' which had over three years explored the coasts of South America were published by Haliday as Descriptions etc., of the insects collected by Captain P.P. King, R.N., F.R.S. in the survey of the straits of Magellan. Descriptions etc. of the hymenoptera in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 316-331. This came about through John Curtis.

I know not if I ever told you that I had undertaken to describe the insects collected in Captain King's survey of the Straits of Magellan, but they occupy some of my leisure moments and I have now got them into order and have labelled the whole so that I know from what place each specimen cameo Mr. Walker has kindly undertaken to describe the Diptera and I wish to ask you if you would like to undertake the Hymenoptera, there are not so many species, Ichneumonidae, ants, wasps and bees. I am entitled to the 2nd specimens which I shall have great pleasure in awarding to you if the undertaking would afford you any satisfaction. I would figure one of two of the most curious or conspicuous and any time before Midsummer would do

— Curtis to Haliday

As a consequence when the Beagle docked at Falmouth on a stormy night in 1836 the Diptera and Hymenoptera were progressively dispatched ( between 1837 and 1839), to Haliday in Dublin by Francis Walker who was to describe most of the "Chalcidites" and some of the Diptera. Although Haliday himself published nothing on these his notes and comments were published by Walker.

The Darwin insects retained by Haliday are in the National Museum of Ireland, they, and the circumstances are detailed by Smith.

Coleoptera and Lepidoptera

The standard works on the Coleoptera of the northern parts of Europe were in Haliday's time in mostly in French, Latin, and German and these were indispensable for monographic study. Haliday possessed copies of Gyllenhal's Insecta Suecica : Coleoptera sive Eleuterata (1808–27), Erichson's Die Kafer der Mark Brandenburg 1837 and later works by Schaum, Kraatz, von Kiesenwetter, Redtenbacher, Fairmaire and Laboulbene.He had a comprehensive collection of Coleoptera and sought authoritatively named specimens from English and continental authorities. However he wrote very little on this group. The British Isles literature for this popular group was very confused by problems of synonymy recalled as The Fifth Labour of Heracles since the largely unacademic entomologists elsewhere in the British Isles lacked language skills. This problem also arose in Lepidoptera which Haliday largely ignored also, although maintaining lists and collections. In Lepidoptera he lacked the essential continental literature. In Ireland also the microscopic Hymenoptera and Diptera are more readily collected, especially in the North, and the macrofauna diversity is very limited by geography so that Ireland the Hymenoptera and Diptera offer more scope for taxonomic study especially of higher taxa.

Technique

Haliday worked mainly with very small insects. Study of the tiny parts required dissection, glass slide mounting and a very high quality microscope. The equipment was obtained from the London microscopist Andrew Pritchard. Whole specimens were mounted on card using gum, the card being transfixed by an entomological pin of German manufacture.

The minute Hymenoptera are best collected by beating into, and sweeping with, a net made of fine gauze, and Mr. Haliday recommends me to collect them into quills (shaft of a bird feather with the ends sealed by tiny corks), and afterwards to empty their contents into hot water, by which means their wings are naturally expanded ; then by introducing a card under them to take them out of the water, arranging the legs and wings when necessary with a camel's hair pencil, and leaving them upon the card till they are dry, they may afterwards be taken off with a penknife, and gummed upon the points of small pieces of drawing- or card-paper of a long triangular form - Curtis British Entomology July 1st 1830

Since the descriptions were necessarily based on more than one specimen they may sometimes be ambiguous (based on more than one species).Collecting and general methodology followed the instructions given by George Samouelle in The entomologist's useful compendium; or, An introduction to the knowledge of British insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used and Abel Ingpen's manual Instructions for collecting, rearing, and preserving British & foreign insects : also for collecting and preserving crustacea and shells.On collecting trips he used a Coddington lens.

Collection

Haliday's collection comprising 78 boxes was presented by Trinity of Ireland College to the Museum of Science and Art (now the National Museum of Ireland) in 1882, twelve years after Haliday's death. The dating of the parts of the collection is confusing but the bulk was put together before 1860. Although the collection was damaged, and substantial portions lost, by removal to Italy and by insect attack, it remains a very large insect collection. The bulk of the material collected by Haliday himself is in the orders Hymenoptera and Diptera. In the Hymenoptera where the material is in its original state it is laid out in numbered blocks of systematised taxa, usually disparate groups (representing species) disposed below the appropriate generic name. Most of Haliday’s own material is from Ireland but there are also many Haliday specimens from England, Scotland, Italy and Sicily. In addition to the specialist collections of Hymenoptera and Diptera there is Haliday’s own general collection (mainly Coleoptera) and a large body of material given by other entomologists. The largest single source of such gifts was evidently Francis Walker, the London entomologist with whom Haliday had a career-long association. The Walker insects are, in the main, Hymenoptera and Diptera but insects of most other orders occur in it especially Coleoptera and Thysanoptera. The next largest gift is from John Curtis. Other collectors represented are James Charles Dale (British, Coleoptera); Jean Antoine Dours (Europe, Hymenoptera and important since Dours own collection was burned in a fire in the U.S.A.) ; Arnold Förster or Foerster (Europe, Hymenoptera); Hermann Loew (Europe, Diptera); Fernandino Maria Piccioli (Italy, Apidae, Tenthredinidae and Homoptera); G.T.Rudd (British, general); William Wilson Saunders (Corfu and Albania, Aculeata); JamesFrancis Stephens (British, general) and Thomas Vernon Wollaston (British, general). There is in addition a considerable material taken by Charles Darwin on the Beagle Voyage.

Contacts

Haliday was a very influential figure in entomology as his contacts and correspondence show [6]. They included:

• Robert McLachlan (1837–1904) Forest Hill, Lewisham London England
• Ignaz Rudolph Schiner (1813–1873) Austria Diptera (species recognition)
• Hermann Loew (1807–1879) Germany Diptera species recognition, description, higher taxonomy
• Francis Walker (1809–1874) England
• Achille Costa Museum director, Naples
• John Curtis (1791–1862) England
• Carl August Dohrn (1806–1892) Germany
• James Charles Dale (1792–1872) England
• John Obadiah Westwood (1804–1893) England
• Camillo Rondani (1807–1879) Italy Diptera
• Henry Tibbats Stainton (1822–1892) Mountsfield, Lewisham, England. Microlepidoptera species recognition, description, higher taxonomy
• Frédéric Jules Sichel Paris Hymenoptera
• Giorgio Jan Milan
• Louis Eugène Robert France
• Philipp Christoph Zeller (1808–1883) A teacher in Germany with special interest in the microlepidoptera.
• John William Douglas (1814–1905) England Microlepidoptera species recognition, description, higher taxonomy
• Rasmus Carl Staeger (1800–1875) Denmark Diptera
• Thomas Vernon Wollaston (1822–1878) England Diptera
• Heinrich Frey (1822–1890) Switzerland
• Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti (1823–1902) Italy
• Thomas Ansell Marshall (1827–1903) The College Milford Haven later Barnstaple Devon England Hymenoptera.
• Arnold Förster (1810–1884) Aachen Germany Ichneumonidae
• Pietro Stefanelli (1834–1919) Italy.
• Fernandino Maria Piccioli (1821–1900) Italy
• Edmond de Sélys Longchamps (1813–1900) Belgium Odonata
• Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857) Italy All orders but especially Diptera, Coleoptera.
• Johann Angelo Ferrari (1806–1876) Italy
• Friedrich Kipp (1814–1869) London,England
• Andrew Murray (1812–1878) Scotland
• Edward Newman (1801–1876) Peckham, London, England Lepidoptera
• George Thomas Rudd of 4 Kelpel Street, Russel Square London.
• William Wilson Saunders (1809–1879) Margate, England.
• Hermann Rudolph Schaum Germany Coleoptera
• Frederick Smith (1805-1879 (British Museum?) England.
• Odorado Pirazzoli Imola, Italy Coleoptera
• Johann Heinrich Kaltenbach (1807–1876) Germany
• Carl Herman Conrad Burmeister (1807–1892) Germany Essig
• August Emil Holmgren (1829–1888) Ostergotland Ichneumonidae
• George Robert Crotch (1842–1874) England Coleoptera
• Carl Gustav Alexander Brischke (1814–1897) Danzig Ichneumonidae
• Ernst Gustav Kraatz Coleoptera
• Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot,(In French)
• Émile Blanchard
• Emil von Brück Lucca and Crefeld)
• Jean Baptiste Lucien Buquet
• Achille Deyrolle Paris
• Jean Antoine Dours Amiens
• Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko Salerno, Moscow, Orenburg, Samerkand botanist
• Arnold Förster
• Georg Ritter von Frauenfeld Vienna then, then Berlin
• Francois Jean-Paul GervaisMonpellier
• F. Giraud for Joseph-Étienne Giraud Paris (In French)
• Hermann August Hagen Konigsberg, 10 December 1862
• Johann Friedrich Jaennicke Frankfurt(In English)
• Charles Georges Javet Paris
• Ernest August Hellmuth von Kiesenwetter Bautreu
• Leopold Anton Kirchner Kaplitz
• Hippolyte Lucas Jardin des Plantes, Paris
• Gustav Mayr
• Étienne Mulsant Lyons
• Henri Milne-Edwards Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris
• Karl Robert Osten-SackenNew York, 9 January 1869
• Oktavij Ivanovitsch Burmeister Radoszkowski Vienna via Michel Radoszkowski
• Hermann Reinhard Bautzen and Dresden 1860–1869
• Dr. Renard, Moscow
• Otho Ruthe enclosures for Johann Friedrich Ruthe
• Henri de Saussure Geneva
• Michel Edmond de Selys-Longchamps Liege
• Sylvain Auguste de Marseul
• Giovanni Passerini
• Peter Fredrik Wahlberg
• Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven
• Vittore Ghiliani
• Victor Antoine Signoret
• Félicien Henry Caignart de Saulcy
• Robert and Mary Ball
• Edwin Brown

Taxa erected by Haliday

Superfamilies of Hymenoptera include Proctotrupoidea. Families of Hymenoptera include Mymaridae, Platygastridae, Scelionidae, Trichogrammatidae and along with Francis Walker, the families Agaonidae, Encyrtidae, Eupelmidae, Eurytomidae and Torymidae. Subfamilies include Pireninae, Spalangiinae, Bethylinae fr:Bethylinae, Agriotypinae.He also erected the family Japygidae. Unranked taxa (circumscriptional names)include Terebrantia (bis lectum) Families of Diptera include Sarcophagidae

Bibliography

Based on Hagen Hagen, H.A., 1862-1863 and

• 1824-1840 Contributions to Curtis, J.. British Entomology, being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland; containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found London.6 volumes 193 Folios 770 coloured plates (Dissection drawings, text for much of folios relating to Hymenoptera and Diptera).
• 1828 Notice of insects taken in the North of Ireland. Zoological Journal 3: 500-501.
• 1832 The characters of two new dipterous genera with indications of some generic subdivisions and several species of Dolichopidae. Zoological Journal 5: 350-368. 1 pl.
• 1833 Catalogue of Diptera occurring about Holywood in Downshire. Entomological Magazine 1: 147-180.
• 1833 Defence of Mr Westwood’s conduct. Entomological Magazine 1: 424.
• 1833 Generic names should be of Greek derivation. Entomological Magazine 1: 515.
• 1833 Burrowing Hymenoptera. Entomological Magazine 1: 516.
• 1833 Public Entomological Collection. Entomological Magazine 1: 518-519
• 1833 An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain which correspond with the Ichneumones minuti of Linnaeus. Entomological Magazine 1: 259-276; 333-350; 48-491.
• 1833-1842 with Walker, F. Monographia Chalcidum. London, 1833–1842. (Much of this work was collaborative with Haliday who was the sole author of the sectional diagnoses. In the M.W.R de V. Graham collection of Francis Walker papers there is an annotated [by Walker] copy of this work Formerly this was the property of Haliday and he had gummed into it proof copies of his figures of Dryinidae and Proctotrupidae Ent. I, plates A-P. Reproduced and dated in O’Connor, J.P, Nash, R and Boucek, Z. (2000).
• 1834 Aleyrodes Phyillyrea'. Entomological Magazine 2: 119-120.
• 1834 Notes on the Bethyli and on Dryinus pedestris. Entomological Magazine 2: 219-221.
• 1834 An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain which correspond with the ichneumones minuti of Linnaeus (cont.) Entomological Magazine 2: 93-106; 225-259.
• 1835 Curious economy of Gyrinus villosus. Entomological Magazine 2: 530-531.
• 1835 Psychoda nervosa. 'Entomological Magazine 2: 531.
• 1836 British species of the dipterous tribe Sphaeroceridae. Entomological Magazine 3: 315-336.
• 1836 An epitome of the British genera in the order Thysanoptera with indications of a few of the species. Entomological Magazine 3: 439-451.
• 1837 Additional Notes on the Order Thysanoptera. Entomological Magazine 4:144-146
• 1837 Notes upon Diptera: characters of some undescribed species of family Muscidae. Entomological Magazine 4:147-152.
• 1837 Notes about Cillenum laterale and a submarine species of Aleocharidae. Entomological Magazine 4: 251-254.
• 1837 Descriptions etc., of the insects collected by Captain P.P. King, R.N., F.R.S. in the survey of the straits of Magellan.Descriptions etc. of the hymenoptera. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 316-331.
• 1837 An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain which correspond with the Ichneumones minuiti of Linnaeus (cont.). Entomological Magazine 4: 92-106; 203-221.
• 1837 with Curtis, Dale, J., Walker, F..Second edition of A guide to the arrangement of British insects being a catalogue of all the named species hitherto discovered in Great Britain and Ireland.(Six pages of introductory matter are followed by 282 columns of insect names in two columns per page systematically arranged and followed by an index to genera. This work attributed to John Curtis was in fact co-authored by John Dale, Francis Walker and Alexander Henry Haliday;Haliday and Walker writing almost the whole of the sections on Diptera and parasitic Hymenoptera.The list contains 1500 generic and 15,000 specific names.Ireland and Britain are not separated).
• 1838 Note on Dryinus etc. Entomological Magazine 5: 518.
• 1838 Note on the genus Epyris. Entomological Magazine 5: 519.
• 1838 Addenda to the genus Alysia. Entomological Magazine 5: 519.
• 1838 Description of the larva of Blaps mortisaga. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. 2: 100-102, fig.
• 1838 Description of new British Insects indicated in Mr Curtis’s Guide. Annals of Natural History series 1, 2: 112;121; 183-190.
• 1838 An essay on the classification of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Britain which correspond with the Ichneumones minuiti of Linnaeus (cont.) Entomological Magazine 5:209-248.
• 1838 Additional Notes on the Order Thysanoptera. Entomological Magazine 4:144-146.
• 1838 Notes upon Diptera: characters of some undescribed species of family Muscidae. Entomological Magazine 4: 147-152.
• 1838 Notes about Cillenum laterale and a submarine species of Aleocharidae. Entomological Magazine 4: 251-254.
• 1839 Hymenoptera Britannica : Oxyura (Circumscriptional name) et Alysia (Alysiinae Leach, 1815). London, Balliére Fasc. 1: 15, Fasc. 2: 28 et 4.
• 1839 Hymenopterorum Synopsis and Methodum Fallenii ut plurimum accommodata (Belfast) 4pg. s.titulo.
• 1839-1840 contributions to Westwood J. O. An introduction to the modern classification of insects. London Vol.1 (1839): 1-462 Vol.2 (1840): 1-587
• 1839-Revision of Psychoda Pl. 745, pp. 1–2. In Curtis, J., British entomology
• 1841 Note on the primary divisions of Carabidae. Entomologist 1841: 185-186.
• 1841 Notes on Staphylinidae. Entomologist 1841: 186-188.
• 1841 Irish species of Mylaechus. In [Newman, E.] 1841: Varieties by Various Contributors.The Entomologist, London [1][1840-1842] (Nr. VIII): 125-128 - [1] (1840-1842) (Nr. XII) 190
• 1842 Note on Adelotopus. Entomologist 1842: 305-306.
• 1843 in Thompson, W. 1843 Report on the fauna of Ireland: Div. Invertebrata. British Association Report.
• 1844 Sunday school rhymes and other metrical pieces by a teacher Belfast, Henry Greer; London, Houlston and Stoneman.Published anonymously.
• 1846 Excursion of an Insect Hunter in the Carinthian Highlands. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, London 18 (1846-1847) (120) 339-348 by František Antonín Nickerl communicated by Haliday
• 1846 To expel mites etc. from Cabinets of Insects and to exclude them. The Zoologist: A popular Miscellany of Natural History, London - 4 1524
• 1847 On the Branchiotoma Spongillae (larva Sisyrae) and on Conipoteryx. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 5: (Proc).: 31-32.
• 1847 Reports on zoology for 1843, 1844 Translated from the German by George Busk, Alfred Tulk, esq. and Alexander H. Haliday, esq. London, Printed for the Ray Society
• 1851-6 in Walker, F.Insecta Britannica Diptera 3 vols. London. (Characters and synoptical tables of the order (vol.I: 1-9 of the Empidae (Vol.I:85-88) of the Syrphidae (Vol.I: 234-237) chapters on the Dolichopidae (Vol.I: 144-221), on the Borborides (Vol.II: 171-184), on the Hydromyzides (Vol.II: 247-269) also the corrigenda and addenda (Vol.III:pxi-xvi) and contributions to the J.O. Westwood plates Separates the "Brittanic" Diptera into those from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland (E.S.W.I.)).
• 1851 with Dorn, C.A., Wissenschaftliche Mittheilungen Sendschreiben von Alexis H. Haliday an C. A. Dohrn über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung Aus dem Englischen uberstez von Anna Dohrn but also (index) Haliday, A.H. Über die Dipteren der in London befindlichen Linnéischen Sammlung Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 12: 131-145.
• 1851 Summary of the natural history of ants. Iris Sunday-school Magazine, ? - 2 (Nr. 13; 14) 6-10; 30-32
• 1852 A.H. Haliday, in F. Walker. List of the specimens of homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, part iv: 1094-1118. pls. V-viii. London 1852.
• 1855 Review. Recent works on the Diptera of Northern Europe. Natural History Review (Proc.) 2: 49-61 See Neal L. Evenhuis, 2007 On a little-known work by A.H. Haliday containing nomenclatural notes on Diptera genus-group names Zootaxa 1407: 65–66 (Insecta: Brachycera) [7]
• 1855 Notes on various insects captured or observed in the neighbourhood of Dingle, Co Kerry in July, 1854. Natural History Review (Proc.) 2: 50-55.(with Authur Riky Hogan)
• 1855 Descriptions of insects figured and references to lates illustrating the notes on Kerry insects. Natural History Review (Proc.) 2: 59-64. pl. 2 and Zoologist p. 4756.
• 1855 Obituary of William Wing Natural History Review 2: 48
• 1855 On some Irish Insects. Natural History Review (Proc.) 2: 116-124. P.III.
• 1855 Entomological remarks. [Trichopteryx]. The natural history review: a quarterly journal of biological science, Proceedings, London; Edinburgh; Dublin - 2 116-124, 1 plate.
• 1855 Daraus: Gelegentliche Bemerkungen uber entomologische Nomenclatur. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 16: 287-290
• 1855-1873 with Stainton,H.T., Zeller, P.C., Douglas,J.W. and Frey.H.The Natural History of the Tineina 13 volumes, (2000 pages English French, German and Latin editions.Text additions, synonymies and translations).
• 1856 On the wing veins of Insects. Natural History Review (Proc.) 2: 59-64. cf. Transactions Entomological Society. London Ser. 2 T4: 64.
• 1856 On the affinities of the Aphaniptera among insects. Natural History Review (Proc.) 3: 9-19 tab. 1.
• 1856 Descriptions of the larvae of Ochthebius punctatus and Diglossa mersa. Natural History Review 3: 20. Fig.
• 1856 Notice on larvae infesting the horns of Oreas canna. Natural History Review (Proc.) 3: 23. fig.
• 1856 Notice on two Irish dipterous insects. Natural History Review (Proc.) 3:32-33.
• 1856 Recent works on the Diptera of Northern Europe. Supplementary Notie.Zetterstedt, Diptera Scandinaviae.TomXII 8 vo. Lundae 1855.Stenhammar, Copromyzinae Scandinaviae 8 vo. Ppp. 184 Holmiae 1855. Natural History Review (Proc.) 3: 32, 33.
• 1856 Insecta in Thompson, William (edited by Patterson, R.) The natural history of Ireland. Volume 4: Mammalia, reptiles and fishes. Also, invertebrata. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1856.pp. 365–366.
• 1856 Review The Natural History of Ireland in four volumes Vol. IV Mammalia, Reptiles and Fishes: also Invertebrata by the late William Thompson, Esq. 8vol. London: Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden 1856 Natural History Review (Proc.) 3: 60-62.
• 1856 Sketch of the present state of knowledge of the Rotifera Proceedings of the Dublin University Zoological & Botanical Association. Natural History Review 3 :
• 1857 Entomological notes. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 31-36.
• 1857 Explanation of terms used by Dr Hagen in his synopsis of the British Dragon-flies. Entomologists' Annual 164-15. Fig.
• 1857 Note on a peculiar form of the ovaries observed in a hymenopterous insect constituting a new genus and species of the family Diapriadae. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4:166-174, 1 pl.
• 1857 On some remaining blanks in the natural history of the native Diptera. (List of the genera and species of British Diptera, the earlier stages of which are more or less perfectly known with references to the principal authorities). (Additional note on the metamorphosis of some species of Diptera hitherto undescribed or known but imperfectly). Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 177-196, 1pl.
• 1857 (with Wright,E. P.) Notes of a visit to Mitchelstown Caves by E. Percival Wright, A.B., M.R.I.A., Director of the DublinUniversity Museum: Hon. Sec. Dublin University Zoological and Botanical Association. With supplemental notes of the blind Fauna of Europe by A.H. Haliday, A.M., M.R.I.A., F.L.S., vice-president of the Dublin University Zoological and Botanical Association. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 231-234.
• 1857 Review, Wahre parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen and bienen ein beitrag zur fortpflanzungsgeschichte der thiere. Von C.Th.E. von Siebold 8 vol. Leipzig 1856. (On a true parthenogensis in moths and bees, a contribution to the history of reproduction in animals by C.Th. von Siebold); translated by W.S. Dallas, F.L.S., etc., 8 vo. Van Voorst, London 1857. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 64-77.
• 1857 Review Zoonomische briefe : allgemeine darstellung der Thierischen Organisation Von Dr. Hermann Burmeister, Professor der Zoologie zu Halle. Ersler und Zweiter Theil 8 vo. Otto Wigand: Leipzig 1856. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 69-77.
• 1857 with William Henry Harvey, Review. Retrospect of various works published during the last year, new editions and new works in process. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: 27-42.
• 1857 with other eds. Obituary of Robert Ball. Natural History Review (Proc.) 4: frontispiece.
• 1862 Caractéres de deux nouveaux genres d’Hymènoptéres de la famille des Chalcididae (Philomides and Chirolophus) de la collection du Docteur Sichel. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (4) 2: 115-118.
• 1863 Note sur la soie produite par les larves du genre Embia. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France.1863: 3
• 1864 Iapyx, a new genus of insects belonging to the stirps Thysanura in the order Neuroptera. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London vol xxiv: 441-447
• 1865 On Dicellura a new genus of Insects belonging to the Stirps Thysanura in the order Neuroptera. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 8: 162-163.
• 1868 Relazione sul Baco dell Oliva — Estratta dall’Agricoltore, periodico mensile del Comizio Agrario Lucchese. Lucca.
• 1868 Description of Periphyllus laricae n.sp. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France8: xi-xiii.
• 1869 Translation of Prof. Hermann Loews paper on Blepharoceridae.La Famiglia dei Blefaroceridi (Blepharoceridae). Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 1: 85-98.
• 1869 Note sull precedente memoria del Prof. Loew. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 1: 99.
• 1869 with A. Targioni-Tozzett, P. Stefanelli, and F. Piccioli, Avvertimento. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Note sull precedente memoria del Prof. Loew. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 1: 99.
• 1870 Description d’une éspece nouvelle de la famille des Curculionites:- Rhynchites coligatus. Annales de la Society. Linne de Lyons vol. xviii: 125
• 1885 (posthumous) Notes on Irish Coleoptera (edited by S.A. Stewart). Proceedings of Belfast Naturalists' Field Club 1883-4 Appendix viii 1: 208.

Missing Literature Hymenopterorum Synopsis and Methodum Fallenii ut plurimum accommodata (Belfast) 4pg. s.titulo.was privately printed in Belfast and dated only by contemporary reference (1839). Haliday,s name appears nowhere. It is very likely that Haliday had printed many such works, wishing to avoid typographical and editorial errors, but these remain untraced, since anonymous and therefore uncatalogued.

Publications listing Haliday type specimens

• Achterberg, C. van 1997. Revision of the Haliday collection of Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Zool. Verh. Leiden 314:1-115, figs 1-33 ISBN 90-73239-57-5.Naturalis full text.
• Fitton, M.G. 1976 The Western Palaearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) of British authors.Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 32:303-373. Lists type material.
• Ismay John W, Chandler, P.J O'Connor, J.P., and Nash R., 2001 Additions to the Irish List of Chloropidae, with notes on the A.H. Haliday collection Dipterist's Digest 8: 53-64.Lists type material.
• Kim, K.C. and Coo, E.F. 1966. A comparative external morphology of adult Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Misc. pub. ent. Soc. America 5(2): 78-100.Lists type material.
• Loan, C.C., 1975. A review of Haliday species of Microctonus [Hym.: Braconidae,Euphorinae]. Entomophaga 20: 31-41.
• Nash, R, Chandler, P.J, O'Connor, J.P., 2001 The Irish Species of Lesser Dung Flies (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) including a list of type specimens in the Haliday collection National Museum of Ireland and in La Specola, Florence, Italy and six species new to Ireland Bull. Ir. Biogeog. Soc. 25 180-210. Lists type material.
• O’Connor, J.P., Nash,R. and Achterberg, C.van, 1999 A catalogue of the Irish Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) Occasional Publication of the Irish Biogeographical Society No.4 123 p. 7 figs., 4 plates ISBN 978-0-9550806-1-6 Complete synonymic catalogue. Lists type material.
• O’Connor, J.P, Nash, R and Boucek, Z., 2000 A catalogue of the Irish Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) Occasional Publication Irish Biogeographic Society 6 135 pp 19 plates, 12 figures ISBN 0-9511514-5-2 Complete synonymic catalogue. Lists type material.
• O'Connor, J.P, Nash, R., D.G. Notton. D.G and Fergusson, N. D. M., 2004 A catalogue of the Irish Platygastroidea and Proctotrupoidea Bull. Ir. Biogeog. Soc 110pp. ISBN 0-9511514-6-0. Complete synonymic catalogue. Lists type material.
• O'Connor, J.P, Nash,R. and Fitton, M.G., 2008 A Catalogue of the Irish Ichneumonidae Ir. Biogeog. Soc 310pp.ISBN 978-0-9550806-1-6. pdf full text Complete synonymic catalogue Lists type material.
• Courcy Williams, M de and O’Connor, J.P., 1989 The Ephydridae (Diptera) relating to species descriptions by A.H. Haliday (1806–1870) in the National Museum of Ireland, with notes on the collection.Proc.R.Ir.Acad.89 (B):59-69
• Graham, M.W.R.de V., 1982 The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections Proc.R.Ir.Acad.82 (B):190-243.
• Thompson, F.C. and Mathis, W. N 1980 Haliday's generic names of Diptera first published in Curtis' A. Guide to…British Insects (1837).Journal of the. Washington. Academy70:80-89.
• Lindner, E. (Ed.) 1939 - 1976. Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region Stuttgart, Schweizerbart. Various volumes.
• Notton, D. G. and O’Connor, J. P., 2004 Type specimens of Diapriinae in the Haliday Collection at the Natural History Museum, Dublin - National Museum of Ireland (Hym., Diapriidae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 140: 215-218.
• Vlug, H. J., 1985 The types of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Scelionoidea) described by Haliday and Walker and preserved in the National Museum of Ireland and the British Museum (Natural History). 2. Keys to species, redescriptions, synonymy. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 127: 179-224.
• Vlug, H. J. and Graham, M. W. R. de V., 1984 The types of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Scelionoidea) described by Haliday and Walker and preserved in the National Museum of Ireland and the British Museum (Natural History). 1. Designation of lectotypes. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 127: 115- 135.

Sources

Institutions (manuscripts, letters)

• Entomologische Bibliotek, Eberswald -Finow, DDR (now Germany)
• Royal Entomological Society of London, England ( by far the biggest repository of Haliday papers so far known although these are only letters to Haliday.)
• Royal Irish Academy
• Hope Department of Entomology Oxford University Museum
• Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna.
• Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris
• Humboldt Museum, Berlin
• Natural History Museum, London
• Natural History Museum, Leiden, Leiden
• Turin Natural History Museum
• La Specola, Firenze (Florence). Italy

Source Publications

• Nash, R, and O'Connor, J.P. 1982 Notes on the entomological collection of A. H. Haliday (1806–1870) in the National Museum of Ireland with a recommendation for type designations. Proc.R.Ir.Acad. 82(B):169-174, 4 plates
• Nash, R. 1983 A brief summary of the development of entomology in Ireland during the years 1790-1870. Irish Naturalists' Journal 21: 145-150
• Anon.,1902. Irish Naturalist 11:197-199.
• Osten Sacken. C.R., 1903. Record of my life work in entomology. vii + 240pp. (pp. 51–62 portrait). Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• Graham, M.W.R. de V. 1985 (29 Jul 1985), On some Rondani types of Chalcidoidea (Hym.) in the Haliday collection, Dublin. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 121:159-162
• Howard, L.O., 1930. Smithsonian miscellaneous Collections 84: 217, 231, portrait.
• Neave. A., 1933. A Centennial history of the entomological Society of London. (p. 134). London.
• National Museum [Of Ireland] Bulletin 3: 27-28, portrait. Dublin.
• Graham, M.W.R. de V. 1985 (29 Jul 1985), On some Rondani types of Chalcidoidea (Hym.) in the Haliday collection, Dublin. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 121:159-162
• George C. Steyskal, F. Christian Thompson, Wayne N. Mathis and Lloyd Knutson, 2003 The type species of Ilione (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)[Die Typus-Art der Gattung Ilione (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)]Studia dipterologica 10 (2003) Heft 2 :559-564 pdf

Source Obituaries

• 1870 Anon. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 7:91.
• 1870 Anon. Abeille 7: lxxv-lxxvi.
• 1870 Anon. American Journal of Science 50:294.
• 1870 Anon. Nature, London 2: 240.
• 1870 Kraatz. G. Berliner Entomologisches Zeitschrift 14:x.
• 1871 Anon. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 1870-71: lxxxvii-lxxxviii.

See also

• Victorian Age
• The French Lieutenant's Woman a revealing, rich in detail, fictional account of the life and social mores of a Victorian naturalist.

External links

• EOL Encyclopedia of Life Taxa described by Alexander Henry Haliday.Complete.Sometimes has very detailed links to older literature.
• Systema Dipterorum Nomenclator Full list of Diptera taxa described by Alexander Henry Haliday
• NomenclatorZoologicus Full list of Haliday genera via search
• Index Animalium Full list of Haliday taxa via search
• Wikipecies Information on taxa described by Alexander Henry Haliday (via the taxon or publication).Less comprehensive than EOL and Systema Dipterorum Nomenclator
• Life of Haliday
• Royal Entomological Society
• Template:Wayback pdfs of Haliday's publications on Chalcidoids.
• Smithsonian Institution Archive J.O. Westwood letters and manuscripts
• Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.