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RV, vandalism... Do you have mental problems? STOP DELETING SOURCED CONTENT. It is even mentioned in the list(indonesians 19&% y-DNA O2B/O-M176. Stop your racist-korean nationalism. You koreans(MIX of south and norther Asians) are not better than other
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| name=O-M176
| name=O-M176
| origin-date=6,300 [95% CI 600–37,000] years ago {{harv|Katoh|2004}}<br>12,200 [95% CI 9,800 <-> 14,700] years before present (YFull<ref name = "YFull">[http://www.yfull.com/tree/O-P49/ YFull] Haplogroup YTree v4.10 at 06 November 2016</ref>)
| origin-date=6,300 [95% CI 600–37,000] years ago {{harv|Katoh|2004}}<br>12,200 [95% CI 9,800 <-> 14,700] years before present (YFull<ref name = "YFull">[http://www.yfull.com/tree/O-P49/ YFull] Haplogroup YTree v4.10 at 06 November 2016</ref>)
| origin-place=Korean Peninsula, Manchuria or a nearby part of northern East Asia<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Kim | first1 = Soon-Hee | last2 = Kim | first2 = Ki-Cheol | last3 = Shin | first3 = Dong-Jik | display-authors = 3 | last4 = et al | year = | title = High frequencies of Y-chromosome haplogroup O2b-SRY465 lineages in Korea: a genetic perspective on the peopling of Korea | url = | journal = Investigative Genetics | volume = 2011 | issue = 2| page = 10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Balaresque | first1 = Patricia | last2 = Poulet | first2 = Nicolas | last3 = Cussat-Blanc | first3 = Sylvain | display-authors = 3 | last4 = et al | year = | title = Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations | journal = European Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 23| issue = | pages = 1413–1422| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2014.285 | pmid=25585703 | pmc=4430317}}</ref>
| origin-place=Korean Peninsula, Manchuria or a nearby part of northern East Asia<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Kim | first1 = Soon-Hee | last2 = Kim | first2 = Ki-Cheol | last3 = Shin | first3 = Dong-Jik | display-authors = 3 | last4 = et al | year = | title = High frequencies of Y-chromosome haplogroup O2b-SRY465 lineages in Korea: a genetic perspective on the peopling of Korea | url = | journal = Investigative Genetics | volume = 2011 | issue = 2| page = 10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Balaresque | first1 = Patricia | last2 = Poulet | first2 = Nicolas | last3 = Cussat-Blanc | first3 = Sylvain | display-authors = 3 | last4 = et al | year = | title = Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations | journal = European Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 23| issue = | pages = 1413–1422| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2014.285 | pmid=25585703 | pmc=4430317}}</ref>, occasionally southern China
| ancestor=[[Haplogroup O-P31 (Y-DNA)|O-P31]]
| ancestor=[[Haplogroup O-P31 (Y-DNA)|O-P31]]
| mutations=M176/SRY465, P49, 022454{{citation needed|date=December 2012}}
| mutations=M176/SRY465, P49, 022454{{citation needed|date=December 2012}}
| members=
| members=
'''Japanese, Koreans, Ryukyuans, Manchus
'''Japanese, Koreans, Ryukyuans, Manchus, Indonesians, Vietnamese:'''
*[[Japanese people|Japanese]] 32%<ref group=Footnote>238/744=32.0% O-M176 in a pool of all Japanese samples of {{harv|Xue|2006}}, {{harv|Katoh|2004}}, {{harv|Jin|2009}}, {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}, and all non-Ainu and non-Okinawan Japanese samples of {{harv|Hammer|2006}}.</ref>
*[[Japanese people|Japanese]] 32%<ref group=Footnote>238/744=32.0% O-M176 in a pool of all Japanese samples of {{harv|Xue|2006}}, {{harv|Katoh|2004}}, {{harv|Jin|2009}}, {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}, and all non-Ainu and non-Okinawan Japanese samples of {{harv|Hammer|2006}}.</ref>
**26% {{harv|Jin|2003}} {{harv|Jin|2009}}-36% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
**26% {{harv|Jin|2003}} {{harv|Jin|2009}}-36% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
Line 15: Line 15:
*[[Ryukyuan people|Okinawans]] 27%<ref group=Footnote>30/132=22.7% O-M176 in a pool of all Okinawan data from {{harv|Hammer|2006}} and {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}</ref>
*[[Ryukyuan people|Okinawans]] 27%<ref group=Footnote>30/132=22.7% O-M176 in a pool of all Okinawan data from {{harv|Hammer|2006}} and {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}</ref>
**22% {{harv|Hammer|2006}}-31% {{harv|Mizuno|2008}}
**22% {{harv|Hammer|2006}}-31% {{harv|Mizuno|2008}}
*[[Indonesians]] 20%
** 19% {{harv|Jin|2009}}
*[[Manchu]]s 19%<ref group=Footnote>45/232=19.4% O-M176 in a pool of all Manchu samples of {{harv|Karafet|2001}}, {{harv|Jin|2003}}, {{harv|Katoh|2004}}, and {{harv|Xue|2006}}</ref>
*[[Manchu]]s 19%<ref group=Footnote>45/232=19.4% O-M176 in a pool of all Manchu samples of {{harv|Karafet|2001}}, {{harv|Jin|2003}}, {{harv|Katoh|2004}}, and {{harv|Xue|2006}}</ref>
**4% {{harv|Karafet|2001}}-34% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
**4% {{harv|Karafet|2001}}-34% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
*[[Vietnamese]] 17%
** {{harv|Jin|2009}}
}}
}}
In human population genetics, Y-Chromosome haplogroups define the major lineages of direct paternal (male) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. '''Haplogroup O-M176''' (aka O-SRY465) is a [[human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups|human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup]]. It is best known for its part in the settlement of Korea and Japan. It is a descendant of [[Haplogroup O-P31 (Y-DNA)|Haplogroup O-P31]], and it has been estimated to share a most recent common ancestor with its nearest outgroup, [[Haplogroup O-K18]], approximately 28,500 [95% CI 26,200 <-> 30,900] years before present.<ref name = "YFullM268">[http://www.yfull.com/tree/O-M268/ YFull] Haplogroup YTree v5.04 at 16 May 2017</ref>
In human population genetics, Y-Chromosome haplogroups define the major lineages of direct paternal (male) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. '''Haplogroup O-M176''' (aka O-SRY465) is a [[human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups|human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup]]. It is best known for its part in the settlement of Korea and Japan. It is a descendant of [[Haplogroup O-P31 (Y-DNA)|Haplogroup O-P31]], and it has been estimated to share a most recent common ancestor with its nearest outgroup, [[Haplogroup O-K18]], approximately 28,500 [95% CI 26,200 <-> 30,900] years before present.<ref name = "YFullM268">[http://www.yfull.com/tree/O-M268/ YFull] Haplogroup YTree v5.04 at 16 May 2017</ref>
Line 50: Line 54:
*[[Ryukyuan people|Okinawans]] 17%<ref group=Footnote>22/132=16.7% O-47z in a pool of all Okinawan samples of {{harvnb|Hammer|2006}} and {{harvnb|Nonaka|2007}}</ref>
*[[Ryukyuan people|Okinawans]] 17%<ref group=Footnote>22/132=16.7% O-47z in a pool of all Okinawan samples of {{harvnb|Hammer|2006}} and {{harvnb|Nonaka|2007}}</ref>
**Range: 11% {{harv|Hammer|2006}} to 20% {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}
**Range: 11% {{harv|Hammer|2006}} to 20% {{harv|Nonaka|2007}}
*[[Indonesians]] 18%
** {{harv|Hammer|2006}}
*[[Vietnamese]] 16%
** {{harv|Hammer|2009}}
*[[South Korea]]ns 8%<ref group=Footnote>41/519=7.9% O-47z in a pool of all ethnic Korean samples of {{harv|Jin|2003}}, {{harv|Hammer|2006}}, {{harv|Xue|2006}}, and {{harv|Kim|2007}}</ref>
*[[South Korea]]ns 8%<ref group=Footnote>41/519=7.9% O-47z in a pool of all ethnic Korean samples of {{harv|Jin|2003}}, {{harv|Hammer|2006}}, {{harv|Xue|2006}}, and {{harv|Kim|2007}}</ref>
**Range: 4% ({{harvnb|Hammer|2006}} and {{harvnb|Karafet|2001}}) to 12% {{harv|Xue|2006}}
**Range: 4% ({{harvnb|Hammer|2006}} and {{harvnb|Karafet|2001}}) to 12% {{harv|Xue|2006}}
Line 78: Line 86:
**Range: 6% {{harv|Katoh|2004}} to 7% ({{harvnb|Hashiyada|2008}})
**Range: 6% {{harv|Katoh|2004}} to 7% ({{harvnb|Hashiyada|2008}})
*[[Manchu]]s 3%<ref group=Footnote>9/135=6.7% O-47z in a pool of all "Manchu" or "Manchurian" samples of {{harv|Hammer|2006}}, {{harv|Xue|2006}}, and {{harv|Jin|2009}}</ref>
*[[Manchu]]s 3%<ref group=Footnote>9/135=6.7% O-47z in a pool of all "Manchu" or "Manchurian" samples of {{harv|Hammer|2006}}, {{harv|Xue|2006}}, and {{harv|Jin|2009}}</ref>
**Range: 6% {{harv|Heo|2013}} to 8% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
**Range: 3% {{harv|Heo|2013}} to 3% {{harv|Katoh|2004}}
*[[Udege people|Udeges]] 9.5% {{harv|Jin|2010}}
*[[Udege people|Udeges]] 9.5% {{harv|Jin|2010}}
*[[Indonesians]] 2%
** {{harv|Hammer|2006}}
*[[Vietnamese]] 1%
** {{harv|Hammer|2006}}
}}
}}


Revision as of 06:48, 22 May 2017

Haplogroup O-M176
Possible time of origin6,300 [95% CI 600–37,000] years ago (Katoh 2004)
12,200 [95% CI 9,800 <-> 14,700] years before present (YFull[1])
Possible place of originKorean Peninsula, Manchuria or a nearby part of northern East Asia[2][3], occasionally southern China
AncestorO-P31
Defining mutationsM176/SRY465, P49, 022454[citation needed]
Highest frequenciesJapanese, Koreans, Ryukyuans, Manchus, Indonesians, Vietnamese:

In human population genetics, Y-Chromosome haplogroups define the major lineages of direct paternal (male) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. Haplogroup O-M176 (aka O-SRY465) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is best known for its part in the settlement of Korea and Japan. It is a descendant of Haplogroup O-P31, and it has been estimated to share a most recent common ancestor with its nearest outgroup, Haplogroup O-K18, approximately 28,500 [95% CI 26,200 <-> 30,900] years before present.[4]

Distribution

Haplogroup O-M176 is found mainly in the northernmost parts of East Asia, from the Uriankhai and Zakhchin peoples of western Mongolia (Katoh 2004) to the Japanese of Japan, though it also has been detected sporadically in the Buryats (Jin 2003) and Udegeys (Jin 2010) of southern Siberia, rarely among populations of Southeast Asia including Indonesia (Hammer 2006 and Jin 2003), the Philippines (Jin 2003), Thailand (Jin 2003), and Vietnam (Hammer 2006 and Jin 2003), and Micronesians (Hammer 2006). This haplogroup is found with its highest frequency and diversity values among modern populations of Japan and Korea and is absent from most populations in China, but it has been detected in some samples of Han Chinese from Beijing (Jin 2003), Xi'an (1/34, Kim 2011), Jiangsu (Lu 2008), Wuhan (1/160),[5] South China outside of Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and Shanghai (1/65),[6] and Taiwan (1/34 Hakka and 1/258 other miscellaneous Han),[7] and Daurs (Xue 2006), Hezhes (Xue 2006), Koreans in China (Xue 2006 and Katoh 2004), Manchus (Xue 2006, Katoh 2004, and Karafet 2001), Sibes (Xue 2006), and Kham Tibetans.[8]

Subclade distribution

Paragroup O-M176*

Y-DNA that belongs to O-M176(xK10, F3356) has been found in an individual from Hiroshima, an individual from Beijing, and 1% (7/706) of a sample of males collected in Seoul and Daejeon.[9]

O-M176(x47z) has been found in approximately 3.5%[10] to 9.9%[11] of Japanese males. However, most of those individuals probably belong to subclades of O-K10(x47z).

O-K10

The majority of extant members of O-M176 belong to the subclade O-K10 (or O-F3356). O-K10 subsumes the prolific subclades O-47z, which occurs with especially high frequency in Japan, and O-L682, which occurs with especially high frequency in Korea, in addition to a relatively rare subclade, O-K3, which has been found among southern Han Chinese.

An example of Y-DNA that belongs to O-K10 but does not belong to any of its subclades O-47z, O-L682, or O-K3 has been found in an individual in Tokyo, Japan. This individual's Y-DNA is estimated to share a most recent common ancestor with O-47z, O-L682, and O-K3 about 8,200 [95% CI 6,300 <-> 10,200] ybp.[4]

O-F3356(x47z, L682) has been found in 2% (14/706) of a sample of Koreans collected in Seoul and Daejeon, South Korea.[9] However, the status of these individuals' Y-DNA in regard to K3 and phylogenetically equivalent SNPs has not been published.

O-47z

Haplogroup O-47z
Possible time of origin7,870 [95% CI 5,720–12,630] years ago (Hammer 2006)

8,200 [95% CI 6,300 <-> 10,200] ybp[4]
Possible place of originJapanese Archipelago(Hammer 2006)　or　Korean Peninsula(see Jin 2003)
AncestorO-M176
Defining mutations47z
Highest frequenciesInclude:

O-47z or O-CTS11986 is a subclade of O-M176. It is found with high frequency among the Japanese and Ryukyuan populations of Japan, and with lower frequency among Koreans.

Haplogroup O-47z has been detected in approximately 24% of males who speak a Japonic language, while it has not been found at all among Ainu males whose Y-DNA has been tested in two genetic studies (Tajima 2004, n=16; Hammer 2006, n=4). Based on the STR haplotype diversity within Haplogroup O-47z, it has been estimated that this haplogroup began to experience a population expansion among the proto-Japanese of approximately 4,000 years ago. Haplogroup O-47z also has been found among samples of modern Koreans, though with low frequency in comparison to both the frequency of O-47z in samples of Japanese and the frequency of O-M176(x47z) in samples of Koreans.

O-L682

Haplogroup O-L682
Possible time of origin6,300 [95% CI 4,700 <-> 8,000] ybp[4]
Possible place of originKorean Peninsula or Manchuria
AncestorO-M176, O-F3356
Defining mutationsL682
Highest frequenciesInclude:

The O-L682 subclade of O-M176 is believed to be related to Native Korean population. One study has found O-L682 Y-DNA in 19% (134/706) of Koreans sampled in Seoul and Daejeon.[9] O-L682 also has been found in Japanese in Tokyo and the USA, Chinese in Beijing and Shandong, and Nanai people in China. Its descendants appear to have begun rapidly increasing in number at approximately the same time as those of its distant cousin O-47z, perhaps 4,000 years ago.

O-K3

The O-K3 lineage has been observed to date in two Han Chinese individuals from Southern China (Hunan and/or Fujian). It is more closely related to O-L682 than either O-K3 or O-L682 is related to O-47z. The time to most recent common ancestor of O-K3 and O-L682 is estimated to be approximately 6,300 [95% CI 4,700 <-> 8,000] ybp.[4]

Phylogenetics

Phylogenetic history

Main article: Conversion table for Y chromosome haplogroups

Prior to 2002, there were in academic literature at least seven naming systems for the Y-Chromosome phylogenetic tree. This led to considerable confusion. In 2002, the major research groups came together and formed the Y-Chromosome Consortium (YCC). They published a joint paper that created a single new tree that all agreed to use. Later, a group of citizen scientists with an interest in population genetics and genetic genealogy formed a working group to create an amateur tree aiming at being above all timely. The table below brings together all of these works at the point of the landmark 2002 YCC Tree. This allows a researcher reviewing older published literature to quickly move between nomenclatures.

YCC 2002/2008 (Shorthand) (α) (β) (γ) (δ) (ε) (ζ) (η) YCC 2002 (Longhand) YCC 2005 (Longhand) YCC 2008 (Longhand) YCC 2010r (Longhand) ISOGG 2006 ISOGG 2007 ISOGG 2008 ISOGG 2009 ISOGG 2010 ISOGG 2011 ISOGG 2012
O-M175 26 VII 1U 28 Eu16 H9 I O* O O O O O O O O O O
O-M119 26 VII 1U 32 Eu16 H9 H O1* O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a O1a
O-M101 26 VII 1U 32 Eu16 H9 H O1a O1a1 O1a1a O1a1a O1a1 O1a1 O1a1a O1a1a O1a1a O1a1a O1a1a
O-M50 26 VII 1U 32 Eu16 H10 H O1b O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2 O1a2
O-P31 26 VII 1U 33 Eu16 H5 I O2* O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2
O-M95 26 VII 1U 34 Eu16 H11 G O2a* O2a O2a O2a O2a O2a O2a O2a O2a O2a1 O2a1
O-M88 26 VII 1U 34 Eu16 H12 G O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1 O2a1a O2a1a
O-SRY465 20 VII 1U 35 Eu16 H5 I O2b* O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b O2b
O-47z 5 VII 1U 26 Eu16 H5 I O2b1 O2b1a O2b1 O2b1 O2b1a O2b1a O2b1 O2b1 O2b1 O2b1 O2b1
O-M122 26 VII 1U 29 Eu16 H6 L O3* O3 O3 O3 O3 O3 O3 O3 O3 O3 O3
O-M121 26 VII 1U 29 Eu16 H6 L O3a O3a O3a1 O3a1 O3a1 O3a1 O3a1 O3a1 O3a1 O3a1a O3a1a
O-M164 26 VII 1U 29 Eu16 H6 L O3b O3b O3a2 O3a2 O3a2 O3a2 O3a2 O3a2 O3a2 O3a1b O3a1b
O-M159 13 VII 1U 31 Eu16 H6 L O3c O3c O3a3a O3a3a O3a3 O3a3 O3a3a O3a3a O3a3a O3a3a O3a3a
O-M7 26 VII 1U 29 Eu16 H7 L O3d* O3c O3a3b O3a3b O3a4 O3a4 O3a3b O3a3b O3a3b O3a2b O3a2b
O-M113 26 VII 1U 29 Eu16 H7 L O3d1 O3c1 O3a3b1 O3a3b1 - O3a4a O3a3b1 O3a3b1 O3a3b1 O3a2b1 O3a2b1
O-M134 26 VII 1U 30 Eu16 H8 L O3e* O3d O3a3c O3a3c O3a5 O3a5 O3a3c O3a3c O3a3c O3a2c1 O3a2c1
O-M117 26 VII 1U 30 Eu16 H8 L O3e1* O3d1 O3a3c1 O3a3c1 O3a5a O3a5a O3a3c1 O3a3c1 O3a3c1 O3a2c1a O3a2c1a
O-M162 26 VII 1U 30 Eu16 H8 L O3e1a O3d1a O3a3c1a O3a3c1a O3a5a1 O3a5a1 O3a3c1a O3a3c1a O3a3c1a O3a2c1a1 O3a2c1a1

Original research publications

The following research teams per their publications were represented in the creation of the YCC Tree.

3

Phylogenetic trees

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup O subclades is based on the YCC 2008 tree (Karafet 2008) and subsequent published research.

  • O2b (IMS-JST022454, L272.2, M176/Page63/SRY465, M302, P49, F1942/Page92)
    • O2b*
    • O2b1 (F3356)
      • O2b1*
      • O2b1a (47z)
      • O2b1b (L682)

Table of frequencies of O-M176

Population Frequency Sample Size SNPs Source
Korean (Gangweon) 0.397 63 M176(x47z)=20
47z=5		 Kim 2011
Korean (National Biobank of Korea) 0.377 300 M176(x47z)=88
47z=25		 Park 2013
South Korea 0.373 75 M176/P49(x47z)=25
47z=3		 Hammer 2006
Japanese (Shizuoka) 0.344 61 47z=13
M176/P49(x47z)=8		 Hammer 2006
Korean (Daejeon) 0.338 133 M176(x47z)=30
47z=15		 Park 2012
Japanese 0.335 263 47z=66
M176/JST022454(x47z)=22		 Nonaka 2007
Korean (Jeju) 0.322 87 M176(x47z)=20
47z=8		 Kim 2011
Japanese (Kyushu) 0.321 53 47z=15
M176/P49(x47z)=2		 Hammer 2006
Korean (Seoul) 0.316 573 M176(x47z)=125
47z=56		 Park 2012
Korean (Jeolla) 0.311 90 M176(x47z)=21
47z=7		 Kim 2011
Japanese (Aomori) 0.308 26 47z=7
M176/P49(x47z)=1		 Hammer 2006
Korean (Chungcheong) 0.306 72 M176(x47z)=15
47z=7		 Kim 2011
Japanese (Tokushima) 0.300 70 47z=17
M176/P49(x47z)=4		 Hammer 2006
Korean (Gyeongsang) 0.298 84 M176(x47z)=15
47z=10		 Kim 2011
Japanese 0.293 157 47z=38
M176(x47z)=8		 Kim 2011
Korean (Seoul/Gyeonggi) 0.282 110 M176(x47z)=23
47z=8		 Kim 2011
Korean (PRC) 0.280 25 M176(x47z)=5
47z=2		 Xue 2006
Korean (Korea) 0.279 43 M176(x47z)=6
47z=6		 Xue 2006
Japanese 0.277 47 47z=11
M176(x47z)=2		 Xue 2006
Manchurians 0.271 48 47z=9
M176(x47z)=4		 Jin 2009
Korean (Seoul & Daejeon) 0.269 216 M176(x47z)=37
47z=21		 Kim 2007
Japanese 0.262 107 47z=21
M176(x47z)=7		 Jin 2009
Okinawa 0.222 45 47z=5
M176/P49(x47z)=5		 Hammer 2006
Korean 0.201 154 M176(x47z)=22
47z=9		 Jin 2009
Indonesians 0.194 36 M176(x47z)=6
47z=1		 Jin 2009
Vietnamese 0.171 41 M176(x47z)=5
47z=2		 Jin 2009
Indonesia (West) 0.160 25 M176/P49(x47z)=2
47z=2		 Hammer 2006
Han (Yunnan) 0.098 41 M176(x47z)=4 Jin 2009
Vietnamese 0.083 48 M176(x47z)=2
47z=2		 Kim 2011
Indonesian 0.081 37 M176(x47z)=3 Kim 2011
Han (Beijing) 0.062 65 M176(x47z)=4 Jin 2009
Micronesia 0.059 17 M176/P49(x47z)=1 Hammer 2006
Manchu 0.057 35 M176(x47z)=2 Xue 2006
Hezhe (PRC) 0.044 45 M176(x47z)=2 Xue 2006
Vietnam 0.043 70 47z=2
M176/P49(x47z)=1		 Hammer 2006
Thai 0.040 50 47z=2 Jin 2009
Manchu 0.038 52 M176/P49(x47z)=2 Hammer 2006
Manchurian 0.033 30 M176(x47z)=1 Kim 2011
Han (Xi'an) 0.029 34 M176(x47z)=1 Kim 2011
Buryat 0.028 36 M176(x47z)=1 Kim 2011
Daur 0.026 39 M176(x47z)=1 Xue 2006
Thai 0.025 40 47z=1 Kim 2011
Evenk (PRC) 0.024 41 M176/P49(x47z)=1 Hammer 2006
Xibe 0.024 41 M176(x47z)=1 Xue 2006
Buryat 0.020 50 M176(x47z)=1 Jin 2009
Han (Beijing) 0.020 51 M176(x47z)=1 Kim 2011
Philippines 0.014 69 M176(x47z)=1 Jin 2009
Zhuang 0.000 20 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Oroqen 0.000 22 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Evenk (PRC) 0.000 26 M176=0 Xue 2006
Alor 0.000 28 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Han (Lanzhou) 0.000 30 M176=0 Xue 2006
Even 0.000 31 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Oroqen 0.000 31 M176=0 Xue 2006
Uyghur (Urumqi) 0.000 31 M176=0 Xue 2006
Han (Yili) 0.000 32 M176=0 Xue 2006
Malay 0.000 32 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Australian aborigines 0.000 33 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Qiang 0.000 33 M176=0 Xue 2006
Han (Chengdu) 0.000 34 M176=0 Xue 2006
Hani (PRC) 0.000 34 M176=0 Xue 2006
Li 0.000 34 M176=0 Xue 2006
She 0.000 34 M176=0 Xue 2006
Buyi 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Han (Harbin) 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Han (Meixian) 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Hui (PRC) 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Tibetan 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Yao (Bama) 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Yao (Liannan) 0.000 35 M176=0 Xue 2006
Batak Toba (Sumatra) 0.000 38 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Uyghur (Yili) 0.000 39 M176=0 Xue 2006
Han (Guangdong) 0.000 40 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Yi (Butuo, Sichuan) 0.000 43 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Northern Han 0.000 44 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Khalkh 0.000 45 M176=0 Kim 2011
Mongol (Inner Mongolia) 0.000 45 M176=0 Xue 2006
Papua New Guinea 0.000 46 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Khalkh 0.000 48 M176=0 Jin 2009
Philippines 0.000 48 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Taiwanese aborigines 0.000 48 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Tujia 0.000 49 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
She 0.000 51 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Melanesia 0.000 53 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Mandar (Sulawesi) 0.000 54 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Indonesia (East) 0.000 55 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Miao 0.000 58 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Han (Yunnan) 0.000 60 M176=0 Kim 2011
Nias 0.000 60 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Polynesia 0.000 60 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Yao 0.000 60 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Java 0.000 61 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Filipino 0.000 64 M176=0 Kim 2011
Mongol (Outer Mongolia) 0.000 65 M176=0 Xue 2006
Uyghur 0.000 67 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Mentawai 0.000 74 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Buryat 0.000 81 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Han (Taiwan) 0.000 84 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Borneo 0.000 86 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Sri Lanka 0.000 91 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Lembata 0.000 92 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Evenk (Russia) 0.000 95 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Altai 0.000 98 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Tibet 0.000 105 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Mongolia 0.000 149 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Sumba 0.000 350 M176=0 Karafet 2010
Flores 0.000 394 M176=0 Karafet 2010
India 0.000 405 M176/P49=0 Hammer 2006
Bali 0.000 641 M176=0 Karafet 2010

See also

Genetics

3

Y-DNA O subclades

3

Y-DNA backbone tree

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ 238/744=32.0% O-M176 in a pool of all Japanese samples of (Xue 2006), (Katoh 2004), (Jin 2009), (Nonaka 2007), and all non-Ainu and non-Okinawan Japanese samples of (Hammer 2006).
  2. ^ 202/677=29.8% O-M176 in a pool of all ethnic Korean samples of (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), (Katoh 2004), (Kim 2007), and (Park 2013).
  3. ^ 30/132=22.7% O-M176 in a pool of all Okinawan data from (Hammer 2006) and (Nonaka 2007)
  4. ^ 45/232=19.4% O-M176 in a pool of all Manchu samples of (Karafet 2001), (Jin 2003), (Katoh 2004), and (Xue 2006)
  5. ^ 150/628=23.9% O-47z in a pool of all non-Ainu and non-Okinawan Japanese samples of (Jin 2003), (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), and (Nonaka 2007)
  6. ^ 22/132=16.7% O-47z in a pool of all Okinawan samples of Hammer 2006 and Nonaka 2007
  7. ^ 41/519=7.9% O-47z in a pool of all ethnic Korean samples of (Jin 2003), (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), and (Kim 2007)
  8. ^ 9/135=6.7% O-47z in a pool of all "Manchu" or "Manchurian" samples of (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), and (Jin 2009)
  9. ^ 41/519=7.9% O-L682 in a pool of all ethnic Korean samples of (Yoo 2014), (Katoh 2004), and (Kim 2011)
  10. ^ 22/132=16.7% O-47z in a pool of all Okinawan samples of Hammer 2006 and Nonaka 2007
  11. ^ 150/628=23.9% O-47z in a pool of all non-Ainu and non-Okinawan Japanese samples of (Jin 2003), (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), and (Nonaka 2007)
  12. ^ 9/135=6.7% O-47z in a pool of all "Manchu" or "Manchurian" samples of (Hammer 2006), (Xue 2006), and (Jin 2009)

Works cited

  1. ^ YFull Haplogroup YTree v4.10 at 06 November 2016
  2. ^ Kim, Soon-Hee; Kim, Ki-Cheol; Shin, Dong-Jik; et al. "High frequencies of Y-chromosome haplogroup O2b-SRY465 lineages in Korea: a genetic perspective on the peopling of Korea". Investigative Genetics. 2011 (2): 10. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last4= (help)
  3. ^ Balaresque, Patricia; Poulet, Nicolas; Cussat-Blanc, Sylvain; et al. "Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations". European Journal of Human Genetics. 23: 1413–1422. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2014.285. PMC 4430317. PMID 25585703. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last4= (help)
  4. ^ a b c d e YFull Haplogroup YTree v5.04 at 16 May 2017
  5. ^ Huang Dai-Xin, Yang Qing-En, Yin Hui et al., "Genetic Polymorphism of 23 Y Chromosome Biallelic Markers in Wuhan Han Population," HEREDITAS (Beijing) 28 (7) 791~798, 2006
  6. ^ Yan, Shi; Chuan-Chao, Wang; Hui, Li; Li, Shi-Lin; Jin, Li; Schurr, Theodore G; Santos, Fabricio R; Quintana-Murci, Lluis; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Comas, David; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Zalloua, Pierre A; Balanovska, Elena; Balanovsky, Oleg; John Mitchell, R; Jin, Li; Soodyall, Himla; Pitchappan, Ramasamy; Cooper, Alan; Matisoo-Smith, Lisa; Royyuru, Ajay K; Platt, Daniel E; Parida, Laxmi; Blue-Smith, Jason; Soria Hernanz, David F; Spencer Wells, R (2011). "An updated tree of Y-chromosome Haplogroup O and revised phylogenetic positions of mutations P164 and PK4". European Journal of Human Genetics. 19 (9): 1013–1015. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2011.64. PMC 3179364. PMID 21505448.
  7. ^ Trejaut, Jean A; Poloni, Estella S; Yen, Ju-Chen; et al. (2014). "Taiwan Y-chromosomal DNA variation and its relationship with Island Southeast Asia". BMC Genetics. 15: 77. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-15-77. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last4= (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Wang, C-C; Wang, L-X; Shrestha, R; Zhang, M; Huang, X-Y; et al. (2014). "Genetic Structure of Qiangic Populations Residing in the Western Sichuan Corridor". PLoS ONE. 9 (8): e103772. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103772. PMC 4121179. PMID 25090432. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last6= (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  9. ^ a b c So Yeun Kwon, Hwan Young Lee, Eun Young Lee, Woo Ick Yang, and Kyoung-Jin Shin, "Confirmation of Y haplogroup tree topologies with newly suggested Y-SNPs for the C2, O2b and O3a subhaplogroups." Forensic Science International: Genetics 19 (2015) 42–46
  10. ^ G. David Poznik, Yali Xue, Fernando L. Mendez, et al., "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences." Nature Genetics 2016 June ; 48(6): 593–599. doi:10.1038/ng.3559.
  11. ^ Youichi Sato, Toshikatsu Shinka, Ashraf A. Ewis, Aiko Yamauchi, Teruaki Iwamoto, and Yutaka Nakahori, "Overview of genetic variation in the Y chromosome of modern Japanese males." Anthropological Science Vol. 122(3), 131–136, 2014.

Further reading

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