Jathedar
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A Jathedar (Punjabi: ਜਥੇਦਾਰ) of a Jatha with authority to protect a village in history. Among the Sikhs, a Jathedar is an ordained leader of the clergy and leads a Takht, a sacred and authoritative seat.
Sikh clergy consists of five Jathedars, one each from five takhts or sacred seats. The Jathedar of Akal Takht makes all the important decisions after consultations with the Jathedars of the other four Takhts. The highest seat of the Sikh community is called Akal Takht.
History
During the 18th century, Jathedars of Takhts were appointed by the Sarbat Khalsa, a biannual deliberative assembly of Sikhs held at Amritsar in Panjab.
From 1921, Jathedars of Takhts have been appointed by Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC), an elected body of the Sikhs controlled by Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), a political party in the state of Punjab and an ally of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
In November 2015, the Sikhs appointed four interim Jathedars through the traditional Sarbat Khalsa at Chabba village on the outskirts of Amritsar, Panjab. Some 100,000 [1] to 500,000 Sikhs attended the event from around the world. A few Sikh organizations did not attend and refused to recognize the resolutions of the event. The congregation of Sarbat Khalsa 2015 dismissed the SGPC Jathedars and appointed interim Jathedars for Akal Takht, Damdama Sahib and Anandpur Sahib.
Jathedars of Akal Takht
- Bhai Gurdas Ji(1618–1636)
- Bhai Mani Singh Ji (1721–1734)
- Darbara Singh Ji (1722–1734)
- Nawab Kapur Singh Ji (1737–1753)
- Sultan-Ul-Qaum Baba Jassa Singh Ji Ahluwalia (1753–1783)
- Akali Phula Singh Ji (1800–1823)
- Akali Hanuman Singh Ji (1823–1845)
- Akali Prahlad Singh Ji (1845–)
- Arur Singh Naushera (1906–1921)
- Teja Singh Bhuchar (1920–1921)
- Teja Singh Akarpuri
(1921–1923) & (1926–1930) - Udham Singh Nagoke
(1923–1924) & (1926) - Acchar Singh
(1924–1926) & (1955–1962) - Didar Singh (1925)
- Jawaher Singh Mattu Bhaike (1926)
- Gurmukh Singh Musafir (1931–1934)
- Wasakha Singh Dadehar (1934)
- Mohan Singh Nagoke (1935–1952)
- Partap Singh (1952–1954)
- Mohan Singh Tur
- Sadhu Singh Bhaura (1964–1980)
- Gurdial Singh Ajnoha (1980–1983)
- Kirpal Singh (1983–1986)
- Jasbir Singh Rode (1988–1989)
- Darshan Singh (1989–1990)
- Manjit Singh (1994–1997)
- Ranjit Singh (1997–1999)
- Puran Singh (1999–2000)
- Joginder Singh Vadanti (2000–2008)
- Gurbachan Singh (2008–2018)
- Jagtar Singh Hawara (2015–Incumbent)
Acting Jathedars of Akal Takht
- Partap Singh (1938–1948)
- Kirpal Singh (1963–1965)
- Gurdev Singh Kaunke (1986–1993)
- Gurbachan Singh Manochahal (1986–1987)
- Darshan Singh (1986–1988)
- Dhian Singh Mand (2015–Incumbent)
- Harpreet Singh (2018–Incumbent)
Jathedars of Takht Keshgarh Sahib
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2022) |
- Ragubir Singh[2]
Jathedars of Takht Damdama Sahib
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Jathedars of Takht Patna Sahib
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Jathedars of Takht Hazur Sahib
1. Bhai Santokh Singh (1709-1715)
2. Bhai Khushal Singh (1715-1722)
3. Bhai Laal Singh (1722-1730)
4. Bhai Bakhtawar Singh (1730-1736)
5. Bhai Charat Singh (1736-1786)
6. Bhai Mohar Singh (1786-1793)
7. Bhai Raam Singh (1793-1804)
8. Bhai Dharam Singh (1804-1812)
9. Bhai Charat Singh (1812-1817)
10. Bhai Sahib Singh (1817-1818)
11. Bhai Aaya Singh (1818-1824)
12. Bhai Jassa Singh (1824-1839)
13. Bhai Isher Singh (1839-1841)
14. Bhai Waryam Singh (1841-1844)
15. Bhai Tara Singh (1844-1858)
16. Bhai Atar Singh (1858-1867)
17. Bhai Prem Singh (1867-1875)
18. Bhai Deva Singh (1875-1876)
19. Bhai Brij Singh (1876-1877)
20. Bhai Jawahar Singh (1877-1883)
21. Bhai Naanu Singh (1883-1890)
22. Bhai Maan Singh (1890-1913)
23. Bhai Daya Singh (1913-1914)
24. Bhai Hari Singh (1914-1919)
25. Bhai Hira Singh (1919-1945)
26. Bhai Bahadur Singh (1945-1946)
27. Bhai Hira Singh (1946-1950)
28. Bhai Harnaam Singh (1950-1956)
29. Bhai Joginder Singh (1956-1984)
30. Bhai Hajoora Singh (1984-2000)
31. Bhai Kulwant Singh (2000-Present)
Jathedars of Damdami Taksal
| Term | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Name
(Birth–Death) |
Image | Start | End | Citation(s) |
| 1. | Guru Gobind Singh(1666–1708) | Photo_of_Guru_Gobind_Singh | 1706 | 1708 | [8] |
| 2. | Baba Deep Singh(1682–1757) | 
|
1708 | [9] | |
| 3. | Bhai Gurbax Singh
(1688–1764) |
File:Gurbaksh Singh Ji.jpg | [10] | ||
| 4. | Bhai Soorat Singh | File:Bhai Surat Singh ji.jpg | [11] | ||
| 5. | Bhai Gurdas Singh
(b. 1773) |
File:Gurdas Singh ji.jpg | [12] | ||
| 6. | Bhai Giani Sant Singh
(1768–1832) |
File:Bhai Sant Singh ji.jpg | [13] | ||
| 7. | Sant Giani Daya Singh | File:Daya Singh ji.jpg | [14] | ||
| 8. | Sant Giani Bhagovan Singh | File:Giani Bhagvan Singh ji.jpg | [15] | ||
| 9. | Sant Giani Harnam Singh Bedi | File:Harnam Singh Ji.jpg | [16] | ||
| 10. | Sant Bishan Singh Muralewale
(1852–1905) |
File:Jathedar singh ji.jpg | [17] | ||
| 11. | Sant Giani Sundar Singh Bhindranwale
(1883–1930) |
File:Sant Giani Sunder Singh Ji.jpg | [18] | ||
| 12. | Sant Gurbachan Singh Bhindranwale
(1902/1903–1961) |
File:Giani Gurbachan Singh Ji.jpg | [19][20] | ||
| 13. | Sant Kartar Singh Bhindranwale
(1932–1977) |
File:Giani Kartar Singh Ji.jpg | 1969? | 1977 | [21] |
| 14. | Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale(1947–1984) |
|
[22] | ||
| 15. | Baba Thakur Singh Ji Bhindranwale
(1915–2004) |
File:Sant Baba Thakur Singh Ji.jpg | [23] | ||
| 16. | Baba Harnam Singh Khalsa (Acting Jathedar) | File:Singh ji.jpg | |||
Jathedars of Budha Dal
| No. | Name
(Birth-Death) |
Portrait | Term |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Binod Singh (d. 1716) |
File:Binod Singh.jpg | 1705–1716 |
| 2 | Darbara Singh (1644–1734) |
|
1716–1734 |
| 3 | Nawab Kapur Singh Virk (1697–1753) |
|
1737–1753 |
| 4 | Sultan Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1718–1783) |
File:PicKingRaja.jpg | 1753–1783 |
| 5 | Akali Naina Singh Sidhu (b. 1736) |
|
1783–1800 |
| 6 | Akali Phula Singh (1761–1823) |
|
1800–1823 |
| 7 | Akali Hanuman Singh (1755–1845 or 1846) |
|
1823–1846 |
| 8 | Akali Prahlada Singh (d. 1865) |
|
1846–1865 |
| 9 | Giana Singh Deol | _and_attendants,_Company_School,_ca.1885.jpg)
|
1865–1907 |
| 10 | Teja Singh
(1839–1929) |
|
1907–1929 |
| 11 | Akali Sahib Singh Kaladhari (1876–1942) |
.jpg)
|
1929–1942 |
| 12 | Akali Chet Singh (1914–1968) |
.jpg)
|
1942–1969 |
| 13 | Santa Singh (1928–2008) |
File:Jathedar Santa Singh (Budha Dal).jpg | 1969–2005 |
| 14 | Surjit Singh
(1945–2014) |
File:Jathedar Surjit Singh (Budha Dal).jpg | 2005–2014 |
| 15 | Prem Singh
(some dispute this and postulate Balbir Singh as the Jathedar succeeding Surjit Singh)[25] |
File:Prem Singh (Jathedar of Budha Dal).png | 2014–? |
| 16 | Mann Singh |
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Jathedars of Taruna (or Tarna) Dal
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- Baba Deep Singh Ji
- Baba Gurbaksh Singh Ji
- Baba Sudha Singh Ji
- Baba Karam Singh Ji
- Baba Natha Singh Ji
- Baba Ram Singh Ji Bedi
- Baba Jassa Singh Ji
- Baba Nand Singh Ji
- Baba Ram Singh Ji
- Baba Gurmukh Singh Ji
- Baba Sadhu Singh Ji
- Baba Bishan Singh Ji
- Baba Kirtan Singh Ji
- Baba Makhan Singh Ji
- Baba Gajjan Singh Ji (2016-)
Jathedars of Bidhi Chand Dal
- Bidhi Chand
- Lal Chand (male issue of Bidhi Chand)
- Gurdial Chand
- Hukam Chand
- Jeoun Singh
- Jaspat Singh
- Bhag Singh
- Labh Singh
- Natha Singh
- Sohan Singh
- Daya Singh
- Avtar Singh (current)
Jathedars of Ranghreta (or Rangreta) Dal
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2022) |
References
- ^ "What sounds like a religious schism in Punjab could be a cry for better political leadership". The Economist. 28 November 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
- ^ a b "Takhat Sahiban Jathedar". Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee www.dsgmc.in. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Nandgarh installed Jathedar". The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab. 6 January 2003. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Court reinstates Takht Patna Sahib former Jathedar Giani Iqbal Singh". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Ranjit Singh is Takht Patna Sahib jathedar". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ Damdami Taksaal De Mahanpurkh (PDF) (in Punjabi). Damdami Taksal (taken from https://www.damdamitaksal.com/history/leaders).
{{cite book}}: External link in|publisher= - ^ "Damdami Taksaal - Leaders". www.damdamitaksal.com. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "History of Damdami Taksal". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Shaheed Baba Deep Singh Ji - the first Jathedar of Damdami Taksal and Shaheedan Misl". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Gurbaksh Singh Ji - Damdami Taksal". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Soorat Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Gurdas Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Sant Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Daya Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Bhagwan Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Baba Harnam Singh Ji Bedi". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Sant Bishan Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Sant Sundar Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Sant Gurbachan Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "GURBACHAN SINGH KHALSA BHINDRANVALE, SANT GIANI". The Sikh Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Sant Kartar Singh Ji". Damdami Taksal. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Damdami Taksaal - Sant Giani Jarnail Singh Jee Khalsa Bhindranwale". www.damdamitaksal.com. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Damdami Taksaal - Sant Baba Thakur Singh Jee Khalsa". www.damdamitaksal.com. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
- ^ "Jathedars of Budha Dal". Shiromani Panth Akali Budha Dal. 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Home - The Nihang Singhs". www.nihangsinghs.de. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Home - The Nihang Singhs". www.nihangsinghs.de. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Home - The Nihang Singhs". www.nihangsinghs.de. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ "Baba Bidhi Chand Dal" (PDF). www.deutsches-informationszentrum-sikhreligion.de (in Punjabi). Retrieved 2022-09-02.