Jump to content

December 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment

Coordinates: 40°52′47″N 73°55′22″W / 40.879597°N 73.922829°W / 40.879597; -73.922829
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Northeastern292 (talk | contribs) at 16:22, 8 January 2014 (→Aftermath: Updated news on MNRR management, tiny style change. Email me if anyone has questions.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Spuyten Duyvil derailment
An aerial view of a wooded area between two watery areas in late autumn, with two railroad tracks forking to the top near the left and one following the water's edge. Several silvery train cars and a locomotive are lying on their sides off the tracks to the top; there are many parked yellow and white trucks and other vehicles between the two tracks.
Aerial view of the derailment
Map
Details
DateDecember 1, 2013
7:22 a.m. EST (12:22 UTC)
LocationNear Spuyten Duyvil station, New York City
Coordinates40°52′47″N 73°55′22″W / 40.879597°N 73.922829°W / 40.879597; -73.922829
CountryUnited States
LineHudson Line
OperatorMetro-North Railroad
Incident typeDerailment
CauseUnder investigation
Statistics
Trains1
Deaths4
Injured63

On the morning of December 1, 2013, a Metro-North Railroad Hudson Line passenger train derailed near the Spuyten Duyvil station in the New York City borough of the Bronx. Four of more than a hundred passengers were killed and another 63 injured. It was the deadliest train accident within New York City since a 1991 subway derailment in lower Manhattan,[1] and the first accident in Metro-North's history to result in passenger fatalities.[2]

Early investigations found that the train had gone into the curve where it derailed at almost three times the posted speed limit. Later it was learned that the engineer admitted that before reaching the curve he had gone into a "daze", a sort of highway hypnosis. He has since been suspended without pay; prosecutors are considering bringing criminal charges and claims have already been filed against him, Metro-North and the MTA.

The leader of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) team investigating said it was likely that the accident would have been prevented had positive train control been installed. A prior federal mandate requires installation of the system by 2015. Due to a number of other recent accidents involving Metro-North trains and tracks, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) demanded improved safety measures, which Metro-North began implementing within a week of the accident.

Train

The train involved in the accident was the second southbound Hudson Line train of the day, leaving Poughkeepsie, the line's northern terminus, at its scheduled departure time of 5:54 a.m. EST.[3] It was powered by a GE Genesis dual-mode locomotive, capable of running on either diesel fuel or electricity from a third rail. Since Metro-North uses push-pull trains, it was situated at the northern, or rear, end of the train to minimize noise on the underground platforms at Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan, its ultimate destination,[4] where it was scheduled to arrive at 7:43.[3] It carried over a hundred passengers.[5]

A train headed by a light gray car with a red stripe on the side on a track between two others in a walled area moving from right to left across the image. On its front is the number 6222.
The lead train car involved in the derailment, pictured in 2009

Engineer William Rockefeller, a 15-year Metro-North veteran who had started as a clerk in the stationmaster's office at Grand Central and then spent 10 years as an engineer, was operating the train from the cab car, at the front of a consist of seven Bombardier-made Shoreliner passenger coaches, in a mix of Metro-North and Connecticut Department of Transportation livery.[Note 1] He had recently begun working the morning shift after working afternoons, requiring that he leave his home in Germantown, approximately 27 miles (43 km) north of Poughkeepsie, at 3:30 a.m. for work. To make sure he had adequate rest before his shift, he had gone to bed at 8:30 p.m. the night before following a nine-hour shift the preceding day.[6] He had arrived at work on time; coworkers said later that he seemed to be his normal alert and vivacious self.[7][failed verification]

Once underway, the train proceeded south along the two-track main line, also used by Amtrak for its Empire Service trains, from Poughkeepsie through the mid- and lower Hudson Valley, often right next to the river. Under electromotor diesel power, it made all nine of its scheduled stops in the upper, non-electrified portion of the Hudson Line in Dutchess, Putnam and Westchester counties without incident. After Croton-Harmon, the northern end of the line's electrification, it became an express, continuing under diesel power[Note 2] and stopping only once, at Tarrytown.[3]

From there it continued south for the next 13 miles (21 km) on a straight set of four tracks next to the river, all with third rails, past the four stations along the line in the city of Yonkers and into the Bronx. It was not due to stop again until Harlem–125th Street in Manhattan.[5] A mile and a half (2.4 km) south of the Riverdale station, Rockefeller should have begun to slow the train down in anticipation of the curve[8] immediately before Spuyten Duyvil station, below the Henry Hudson Bridge where the Harlem River Ship Canal flows into the Hudson across from the northern tip of Manhattan Island. Instead, he later said, he fell into a "daze" and the train continued to accelerate.[7]

Linda Smith, of Newburgh, who had boarded the train at Beacon with her sister Donna to see a choral performance at Lincoln Center, recalled that although she, too, was not fully awake, something seemed wrong. "It was bumpy and just seemed really at that point I was aware of going very fast."[9] In the cab, Rockefeller dumped the brakes, an emergency maneuver, to try to slow the train down. But it was already taking the curve.[8]

Accident

A map showing the accident site, with the cars depicted as red lines
Map of derailment site, with cars shown in red

At 7:22 a.m. the train derailed 100 yards (91 m) north of the Spuyten Duyvil station, just after it had passed the junction with the West Side Line's crossing over the Spuyten Duyvil Bridge, where Amtrak's trains split off to go to Penn Station. In her passenger car, Linda Smith recalled the train turning sideways as the bumps she had felt gave way to bounces and seat cushions flew through the air. "It was like a movie going on around me."[9] Debris entered the cars through the broken windows.[6] Joel Zaritsky, a dentist from LaGrangeville headed to a convention, said it was like "severe turbulence on an airplane."[10]

All seven cars and the locomotive left the tracks. Those in the rear remained next to the tracks; in the front, the cab came to rest just short of the Harlem River. Rockefeller, largely unhurt, got out and began aiding passengers. Trapped under seat cushions, Smith, too, was uninjured but unable to move; her sister was thrown from the train and was one of the four killed in the accident.[9] Linda Smith was one of the 63 injured.[11][12]

Response

The New York City Fire Department sent 125 firefighters to the scene to assist in the rescue operation. EMS workers were delayed in getting to some victims while they waited for power to be turned off to the third rails.[5] All service on the Hudson Line was suspended as a consequence of the accident.[13] The nearby West Side Line was reopened to Amtrak trains by 3 p.m.[14] Survivors were taken to a family resource center set up at nearby John F. Kennedy High School; after all passengers were accounted for, it was closed that afternoon.[15]

Fatalities

The four people killed were:

Ahn was the only one of the four killed to be found inside the train after the derailment; the other three were ejected from the derailed train.[18] All had been sitting in the front three cars.[19]

Effect on service and repairs

For the day of the accident, Metro-North suspended all service on the Hudson Line south of Croton-Harmon. The next day, the first regular business day back from the Thanksgiving holiday, it restored limited service as far south as Yonkers, three stations north of where the derailment occurred, with shuttle buses providing service to the Van Cortlandt Park—242nd Street subway station, the northern terminus of the 1 train into Manhattan.[20] Shuttle bus service was initiated between the Tarrytown station on the Hudson Line and White Plains on the Harlem Line.[21] Westchester County offered free parking for the duration of the disruption in the lot it operates at the Valhalla station north of White Plains.[6]

A narrow area of land between two bodies of water, seen from a distance across one of them. On that land there are train tracks, vehicles, and two cranes lifting a pair of passenger cars. The sky is gray, and there is a large metallic structure on the right.
Wreck scene at noon the next day

Metro-North was not the only passenger railroad to experience service disruption. Amtrak, whose Empire Service trains follow the West Shore Line tracks from the accident site to Penn Station, suspended all service between New York City and Albany that day, stranding college students and others relying on the train to return to school after the holiday.[22] By the afternoon it had been restored, with delays due to reduced speeds and activity in the accident area.[23]

The next morning, many of the 26,000 who commute to the city via the Hudson Line took the inconveniences and detours in stride. It was not the first time that services had been disrupted, and the fact that it had come about due to a fatal train wreck lent some of them perspective. "This is nothing; we have it great," said a receptionist as she sat on a bus. "We're living like kings and queens" compared to the grieving families of the dead. But some others said on future trips along the Hudson Line they would sit elsewhere in the train in case of another accident.[24]

Some commuters temporarily switched to buses, or drove themselves. Across the Hudson, Rockland County offered extra express bus service across the Tappan Zee Bridge to Tarrytown. Drivers noted a slight increase in traffic on the Saw Mill River Parkway as well.[6]

A crew of men in orange vests with reflector stripes and neon green hard hats over their clothing laying new railroad ties. Behind them is a large yellow piece of heavy equipment. It is night, and the scene is illuminated by large lights.
MTA crews working through the night to lay new track

MTA crews worked around the clock to remove the derailed cars and repair damage caused to the tracks when they left it. They spent the day after the crash replacing ballast and laying new concrete ties. By the evening of Dec. 2 all the cars had been righted and restored to the track. They were taken to the Croton-Harmon and Highbridge yards, where the NTSB impounded them for further investigations. They reportedly survived the accident very well and will be returned to service.[25] Crews siphoned 900 US gallons (3,400 L; 750 imp gal) of diesel fuel from the locomotive before removing it, then cleaned spilled fuel from the site with other special equipment.[6]

Limited service on one of the three tracks of the Hudson Line through the accident site was restored on Wednesday morning, December 4. Separate trains were combined to make the service possible.[26] Commuters waiting at Poughkeepsie on the first train to run the same route at the same time told a reporter that they were surprised that Metro-North was able to get the line cleared and the trains running again so quickly. Some even expressed sympathy for Rockefeller. While they said they had no fears of the accident recurring, and indeed some said it was safer than driving, one woman was surprised that there had been no fail-safe systems that could have prevented the derailment. "“I really thought they had that in place. This is the United States."[27]

Investigation

A team from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) was dispatched to the scene of the accident to investigate.[12] It found that the train's brakes had been deployed seconds prior to the crash and that the tracks had no problems. From the train event recorders, it determined that the train was traveling at 82 miles per hour (132 km/h); the speed limit for the section of track involved is 30 miles per hour (48 km/h).[28] The brakes had indeed been deployed, but had reached their maximum level five seconds after the train entered the curve.[19]

After being lifted from where they had come to rest and restored to the track, the cars involved were impounded by the NTSB and taken to Metro-North's yards at Croton-Harmon and Highbridge. Rockefeller surrendered his cell phone and submitted samples for drug and alcohol tests. When it was reported that his attention had lapsed prior to the accident, investigators announced that they would be assembling a timeline of his 72 hours preceding the accident to see if they could find any explanation.[6]

Two railroad tracks curving in opposite directions in a brushy area with water on the right and a high bridge on the left. The track on that side has cement ties and a third rail; the one on the right has wooden ties. It goes to a bridge in the background on that side, behind which is a wooded hill.
A 2007 photo of the junction of the West Side Line (right) and the Hudson Line, where the derailment took place

Four days after the accident, the New York Post reported that investigators saw "striking similarities" between the Spuyten Duyvil derailment and the Santiago de Compostela derailment several months earlier in Spain, which killed 79. In both cases engineers took trains into curves at speeds well over posted limits, and attempted unsuccessfully to stop them. The Spanish engineer, who unlike Rockefeller had been on his cell phone just before the accident, has been charged with homicide through professional recklessness.[29]

Cause

Early reports suggested that Rockefeller had claimed the brakes failed,[30] although experts pointed out that that was unlikely since the brakes were equipped with a fail safe device that activates them should it detect a pressure drop. A freight train had derailed on the other side of the same station four months earlier,[31] leading to some early speculation that there was a problem with the track in the area.

The NTSB soon determined that there was no problem with the tracks or the signals. Rockefeller's blood tests came back negative for both alcohol and drugs; his cellphone similarly was out of use at the time of the accident. But, he admitted when investigators were able to interview him, he had drifted into a "daze" until just before the accident when he tried to stop at the last minute.[32]

Two days after the accident, Anthony Bottalico, head of the Association of Commuter Railroad Employees (ACRE), the Metro-North union, said that engineer William Rockefeller had "nodded" off before the accident. He likened it to white-line fever experienced by truckers. Rockefeller had recently started working the early shift instead of in the afternoons; however on the day of the accident he had apparently had adequate sleep and arrived at work on time from his home in Germantown where he was seen to be alert and vivacious. Rockefeller's attorney confirmed the remarks. Shortly after Bottalico's comments, the NTSB barred ACRE from further participation in the investigation for disclosing too much information.[33] A day later Rockefeller was suspended without pay.[34]

Aftermath

This is Metro-North's first accident involving passenger fatalities in its 30-year history,[2] and its first accident in New York involving any fatalities since a 1988 collision in Mount Vernon that killed one crew member.[35] Two days later, Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) director Joseph Szabo sent MTA head Thomas Prendergast a letter highly critical of the transit agency. Earlier that year, he observed, there had been a derailment on the New Haven Line serving Connecticut and Westchester County suburbs along Long Island Sound, another freight derailment on the Hudson Line on the very next curve south on the line,[31] on the other side of the Spuyten Duyvil station (involving a CSX freight train), and an accident on the New Haven Line that killed a track worker. These had led to five deaths and 129 injuries. "The specific causes of each of these accidents may vary," Szabo wrote, "but regardless of the reasons, four serious accidents in less than seven months is simply unacceptable."[36]

Szabo asked the MTA for "a serious, good faith commitment to the safe operation of the system." He said it needed to tell employees what, specifically, it would do to improve safety. He requested an answer in two days.[36] "Immediate corrective action is imperative." Metro-North announced the day afterwards that it would institute a telephone line where employees could confidentially report "close calls."[4] Prendergast later replied to Szabo that the railroad had held mandatory safety discussions for 4,000 employees at 20 locations since the accident.[37]

The accident spurred further discussion of positive train control (PTC), which might have prevented it. After a 2008 wreck in Los Angeles, the FRA mandated all American railroads implement PTC by 2015. Many have resisted, however, complaining about the cost of the technology. Among those railroads have been both MTA commuter railroads, Metro-North and the Long Island Rail Road, which have sought to have that deadline extended until 2018. In the wake of the Spuyten Duyvil derailment, U.S. Rep. Sean Patrick Maloney, a resident of Cold Spring whose neighbor James Lovell was one of those killed, has introduced legislation that would make low-interest loans and guarantees available so that commuter railroads like Metro-North could implement PTC.[36] Eventually other congressmembers from the lower Hudson Valley joined as cosponsors.[38]

MTA officials denied that money was the problem, noting that they had budgeted $600 million of the total $900 million estimated cost of PTC installation. Instead they pointed to doubts about the technology's efficacy for large commuter rail networks. On a radio talk show following the crash, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo conceded that PTC is "controversial ... [some people say] it's not what it's cracked up to be." The MTA itself said it was "untested and unproven for commuter railroads [of our] size and complexity."[4]

Several days later The New York Times reported that the train had a device known as an alerter. It sounds an alarm when the train exceeds speed limits for 25 seconds and shuts it down after an additional 15 seconds if no action is taken by the engineer. It might have been able to prevent the accident; however it was in the locomotive, at the rear of the train, not the cab where Rockefeller was located.[4]

While Metro-North only used it to prevent collisions, rail safety experts said it could easily be configured to force trains to slow down at curves such as Spuyten Duyvil, since it relied on signals sent through the rails themselves. It was also preferable to the traditional dead man's switch the cab was equipped with, which requires constant action and attention from the engineer. The MTA said it was considering doing so at 30 sites on the Metro-North and LIRR networks.[4] On December 6, the FRA issued an emergency order requiring Metro-North to have two qualified crew members in the cab at any point where the speed limit drops by more than 20 miles per hour (32 km/h) until it installs that technology in cabs and at those sites.[37] The next day Metro-North announced it was upgrading the signals at the Spuyten Duyvil curve and several others in the system; it would also lower the speed limit going into the curve so that it would be a less than 20 mph drop and thus the extra engineer would not be necessary.[39] U.S. Senators Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut and Charles Schumer of New York called on Metro-North to install cameras to monitor both the track and the engineers.[40]

On December 12, the FRA went further. It ordered "Operation Deep Dive,"[38] a full safety review of Metro-North, in which every aspect of its corporate culture would be evaluated by a panel of rail safety experts. It was the first time the agency had taken this extreme step since 2006, following a series of accidents involving CSX freights.[41]

On January 6th, 2014, Howard Permut, the president of Metro-North, announced his retirement. [42]

Within a week of the accident, attorneys for several passengers had filed notices of claims, the first step toward filing a lawsuit, against Metro-North. Lawyers for a police officer riding the train to work said his injuries could prevent him from returning to duty and demanded $10 million.[43] Denise Williams, a dentist headed to a convention in the city who required back surgery for a fractured spine after she was trapped under a heavy passenger car for several hours, also gave notice through her attorney, who questioned among other things why the railroad had not replaced hundred-year-old track near the derailment site.[44]

Lawyers said it might be difficult for them to recover those amounts from Metro-North and the MTA if the cause of the accident turned out to be Rockefeller's lapse at the controls, since there would be far less liability on their part. New York law further limits potential damages in cases like these. Victims' lawyers said their goal was not so much the money but making sure the railroad installed PTC.[45]

The office of Bronx District Attorney Robert Johnson is reviewing the evidence gathered so far to see if criminal charges, which could be as serious as negligent homicide, are warranted against Rockefeller.[6] While criminal charges have been filed against the operators of vehicles in other recent deadly transportation accidents in and around New York City, and convictions have often resulted, defense lawyers said in this case it would be difficult to find a credible offense, since Rockefeller was exhibiting no clear sign of negligence such as alcoholism or cell phone use, and operating a vehicle while drowsy is not necessarily a crime. In 2012, prosecutors argued that Ophadell Williams, the driver of a bus on which 15 passengers died on their way to a casino in Connecticut, had knowingly endangered lives by repeatedly driving without adequate sleep. But the jury still acquitted him of all charges except operating a vehicle without a license.[45]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The two agencies share stock for operation on the non-electrified Danbury and Waterbury branches of the New Haven Line.
  2. ^ Despite the presence of electrification, Metro-North's dual-mode trains use it only when they enter the Park Avenue Tunnel, since New York City bans the use of diesel locomotives in tunnels.

References

  1. ^ Thibodeaux, Emily (December 1, 2013). "Train derailment in New York City leaves four dead, dozens injured; NTSB investigating". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  2. ^ a b Barron, James; Goodman, J. David (December 2, 2013). "Focus Turns to Investigation in Fatal Bronx Train Crash". The New York Times. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Template:PDFlink; November 17, 2013; retrieved December 5, 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d e Flegenheimer, Matt; Fessenden, Ford; Fountain, Henry (December 5, 2013). "Train Had a Warning System, Just Not in the Operator's Cab". The New York Times. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  5. ^ a b c "Timeline of events from Metro-North train derailment near Spuyten Duyvil station". News 12 The Bronx. December 2, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Demarest, Bill (December 4, 2013). "Focus in Probe of Deadly Metro-North Derailment Turns to Engineer". Rockland County Times. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  7. ^ a b Fitzgerald, Jim; Peltz, Jennifer (December 4, 2013). "Lawyer: NY engineer had 'daze' before train wreck". Times Union. Archived from the original on December 11, 2013.
  8. ^ a b Donohue, Pete (December 2, 2013). "'It looks bad for the engineer' of derailed Metro-North train: Safety pro". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c Nani, James (December 4, 2013). "Derailment: Sister lives with memory of tragic ride and loss of best friend Donna Smith". Times Herald-Record. Middletown, NY. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  10. ^ Schutzman, Nina (December 8, 2013). "'I Realized I was Alive...' My story of the chaos when my Metro-North train flipped and crashed". Poughkeepsie Journal. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  11. ^ "New York train crash: Metro-North derailment in Bronx". BBC News Online. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  12. ^ a b "Governor: 4 dead, 63 hurt in NYC train derailment". The Boston Herald. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  13. ^ "Four People Killed After Train Derails In New York". Sky News. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  14. ^ "Amtrak Trains From NYC to Albany Back in Service". ABC News. Retrieved December 2, 2013.
  15. ^ "JFK High School in the Bronx set up as family relief center after Metro-North train derailment". News 12 The Bronx. December 1, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  16. ^ Sit, Ryan; Scarborough, Joey; Moore, Tina (December 2, 2013). "Metro-North crash victims include loving dad, friendly roommate, 'inseparable' sister". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  17. ^ a b c Yee, Vivian (December 2, 2013). "Man Going to Set Up Rockefeller Center Tree, a Nurse and a Paralegal Are Among the Dead". The New York Times. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  18. ^ "Metro-North victims: more than 60 injured, 4 killed | 7online.com". WABC. December 2, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  19. ^ a b Donohue, Pete; Lovett, Kenneth; Siemaszko, Corky (December 2, 2013). "Metro-North train was going 82 mph on a 30-mph curve before it derailed: Officials". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  20. ^ "MTA Service Status". MTA. December 2, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  21. ^ "Amtrak Service Restored in New York Following Metro-North Derailment". Associated Press. December 1, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  22. ^ Cusma, Kathryn; Harshbarger, Rebecca; Li, David K. (December 1, 2013). "Metro-North derailment causes massive service disruption". New York Post. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  23. ^ "UPDATE". Twitter. December 1, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
  24. ^ Santora, Marc; Schweber, Nate (December 2, 2013). "After Fatal Crash, Metro-North Commuters Reflect on a Daily Routine". The New York Times. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  25. ^ Keane, Klopott and Esma Despres (December 4, 2013). "Once a model of rail line, Metro-North becomes a target". Bloomberg News. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  26. ^ Service Restored MyfoxNY
  27. ^ Nani, James (December 5, 2013). "Derailment: Quiet and caution on the first full train ride since Sunday's accident". Times Herald-Record. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  28. ^ "NTSB: Train traveling 82 mph approaching curve". WABC. December 2, 2013.
  29. ^ Schram, Jamie; Harshbarger, Rebecca; MacIntosh, Jeannie (December 5, 2013). "Probers compare Metro-North derailment to Spain disaster". New York Post. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  30. ^ Celona, Larry; Schram, Jamie; Sheehan, Kevin (December 1, 2013). "4 dead, 63 injured in NYC train derail 'bloodbath'". Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  31. ^ a b "Metro-North Line Is Tied Up After a Freight Train Derails". The New York Times. July 19, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  32. ^ Donohue, Pete (December 8, 2013). "Metro-North wreck: Engineer may have drifted off, but maybe management complacency set in, too". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  33. ^ Wolfe, Kathryn (December 3, 2013). "Union ousted from train crash probe". Politico. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  34. ^ "NYC train wreck engineer suspended without pay". CBS News. December 5, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  35. ^ Feron, James (April 14, 1988). "Engineer Cited in Metro-North Crash". New York Times. Retrieved December 2, 2013.
  36. ^ a b c Keane, Angela Greiling; Klopott, Freeman; Goldman, Henry (December 3, 2013). "Metro-North Rebuked by U.S. Rail Regulator Over Accidents". Bloomberg news. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  37. ^ a b Juva-Brown, Theresa (December 6, 2013). "Metro-North ordered to have extra crew members in train cabs, new signals". The Journal News. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  38. ^ a b Juva-Brown, Theresa (December 15, 2013). "Bronx derailment: Grants program pushed for Metro-North". The Journal News. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
  39. ^ "Safety Upgrades Coming to Metro-North Derailment Site: MTA". WNBC-TV. December 8, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  40. ^ Castillo, Alfonso A. (December 8, 2013). "Senators call for train cameras to monitor engineer, track". Newsday. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  41. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt (December 13, 2013). "U.S. Orders Sweeping Safety Review of Metro-North". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
  42. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt (January 6, 2014). "Howard Permut, Metro-North President, Is Stepping Down". The New York Times. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
  43. ^ "N.Y.P.D. Cop Files $10 Million Claim For Metro North Derailment Injuries(Ronemus & Vilensky)" (Press release). PRUnderground.com. December 5, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  44. ^ "Lawsuit Planned On Behalf Of Woman Injured In Metro-North Derailment". WCBS-TV. December 3, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  45. ^ a b Caruso, David (December 5, 2013). "Prosecutors face tough choices in NYC derailment". Associated Press. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=December_2013_Spuyten_Duyvil_derailment&oldid=589786517"