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Sonic X
File:Sonic X DVD.jpg
Cover art of the Spanish-language DVD of Season 2. In center: Sonic. Clockwise from bottom-right: Chris, Cheese, Amy, Cream, Ella, Chuck, Knuckles, Big, Bocoe, Eggman, Rouge, Decoe, Shadow, Froggy, and Tails.
ソニックX
(Sonikku Ekkusu)
GenreAction, comedy-drama, science-fantasy, romance
Anime television series
Directed byHajime Kamegaki
Produced byMatato Matsumoto
Takeshi Sasamura
Written byKoji Miki
Hiro Masake
Music byYoshihiro Ike
StudioTMS Entertainment
Licensed by
Original networkTV Tokyo (2003–2004)
Kids Station (2004–2005)
English network
Original run April 6, 2003 – March 28, 2004
(last Japanese-aired episode)
Episodes78 (List of episodes)
Video game
Sonic X, Volume 1: A Super Sonic Hero
DeveloperMajesco Games
PublisherMajesco Games
GenreGame Boy Advance Video
PlatformGame Boy Advance
ReleasedMay 5, 2004
Video game
Sonic X, Volume 2: Chaos Emerald Chaos
DeveloperMajesco Games
PublisherMajesco Games
GenreGame Boy Advance Video
PlatformGame Boy Advance
ReleasedMay 11, 2004
Video game
DeveloperTorus Games
PublisherLeapFrog Enterprises
GenreEdutainment
PlatformLeapster
ReleasedMay 5, 2005

Template:Contains Japanese text Sonic X (ソニックX, Sonikku Ekkusu) is a Japanese anime series created by TMS Entertainment, based on the Sonic the Hedgehog video game series published by Sega. It initially ran for fifty-two episodes, which were broadcast on TV Tokyo from April 6, 2003 to March 28, 2004; however, a further twenty-six were aired elsewhere from 2005 to 2006. The show's American localization and broadcasting was handled by 4Kids until 2012, when Saban Brands got the rights to the series.

The plot follows a group of anthropomorphic animal friends originating in the games—such as Sonic the Hedgehog, Tails, Amy Rose, and Cream the Rabbit—and a human boy named Christopher Thorndyke whom they meet after warping from their home planet to Earth. While on Earth, they repeatedly scuffle with antagonist Doctor Eggman and his robots over control of the powerful Chaos Emeralds, while also adjusting to their recognition as celebrities. The final story arc sees the friends return to their world with Chris, where they—along with a newfound plant-like creature named Cosmo—enter outer space and fight an army of giant robots called the Metarex.

Sonic X has received mixed reviews. Generally, writers have criticized its English-language localization and incorporation of some of the characters, while being more generous toward various other aspects. However, it was very popular in the United States, though less so in Japan. The series was merchandised into an edutainment video game for the Leapster, a trading card game, a comic book series, and various toys and other items. The phrase "gotta go fast"—a reference to the show's North American theme song—has survived as a Sonic catchphrase for over a decade after the show's initial release.

Plot

See also: List of Sonic X episodes, List of Sonic the Hedgehog characters, Sonic Adventure, Sonic Adventure 2, and Sonic Battle

While Sonic the Hedgehog attempts to destroy the base of Doctor Eggman and retrieve the seven Chaos Emeralds, one of Eggman's robots inadvertently shoots a machine containing the Emeralds, which activates the "Chaos Control" technique and warps Sonic, Eggman, and some of Sonic's other anthropomorphic animal friends—Tails, Amy Rose, Cream the Rabbit (with Cheese the Chao), Cream's mother Vanilla, Big the Cat (with Froggy), Rouge the Bat, and Knuckles the Echidna—to Earth, the parallel-universe version of their world. Police officers see him and chase him until he escapes, but he falls into a mansion's swimming pool and is rescued by a twelve-year-old boy named Chris Thorndyke, who lives there. Chris lives with his movie star mother Lindsey, corporate executive father Nelson, scientist grandfather Chuck, maid and chef Ella, and butler Tanaka, and tries to hide the animal characters from them for some time; however, Cream accidentally reveals them all, and they build up a good rapport with Chris' family and with Chris' friends Danny, Francis, and Helen.

Despite their warm relationships with the humans, the animals want to return home, so they repeatedly scuffle for the Emeralds with Eggman, his robot assistants—the hyperactive, attention-seeking Bokkun and the bumbling Bocoe and Decoe—and his larger, armed robots. Eggman makes plans to take over the world, which catches the attention of the unnamed nation's President. At first only Knuckles, Rouge, and federal agent Topaz work to stop Eggman, but the other animals soon join the crusade, and when Eggman is defeated, they are all hailed as heroes. However, this does not stop Eggman, with whom they continue to scuffle for Emeralds.

Eggman awakens a mutated Chao named Chaos, who shatters the Master Emerald, a large gemstone that Knuckles' tribe guarded for millennia. Knuckles recollects shards of the Master Emerald while the other animals fight an extended losing battle against Chaos to get the Chaos Emeralds back. When it absorbs all seven, it reaches a form called Perfect Chaos and discards the Emeralds, which are now useless to it. With the help of a girl from the past named Tikal, Sonic makes use of the Emeralds to attain his Super Sonic form and defeat Chaos, who becomes placid and returns to sleep.

Shortly, Eggman finds his grandfather Gerald Robotnik's diary and finds Gerald's old project Shadow in a military base. He releases Shadow from his cryogenic capsule; Shadow breaks into a museum to steal an Emerald and is mistaken for Sonic, which gets Sonic arrested. Amy rescues Sonic, but Shadow, Eggman, and the duplicitous Rouge escape to the space colony ARK, where Eggman threatens to use a weapon called the Eclipse Cannon to destroy Earth if the planet does not submit to his rule; he blows up half of the Moon to prove his power. Eggman collects all seven Emeralds to power the Cannon, but this triggers a program set up many years ago by Gerald, which will destroy Earth in hours. Everyone works together to shut it down except Shadow, who is unsympathetic to humanity. However, Chris convinces Shadow to save the Earth, so Shadow and Sonic power up using the Emeralds, defeat a long-dormant creature called the Biolizard, and reroute the ARK away from Earth. This seemingly kills Shadow, and he is mourned.

The Moon remains wrecked and Eggman rebuilds it, citing remorse for his misdeeds. However, its position shifts, creating a solar eclipse, and Eggman manufactures "Sunshine Balls" to replicate sunlight and sells them. Sonic sees through his motivations and deactivates the Balls, and Eggman is arrested. Bokkun activates a robot named Emerl, who quickly allies with the animals, and Eggman escapes prison. Emerl wins an Emerald in a martial arts tournament involving numerous characters of both alignments, but it goes berserk and begins to destroy the city. Cream and Cheese destroy Emerl, tearing up at the loss of their friend.

Later, two government physicists show up at Chris' mansion to announce that the animals' world and Earth were once a single world split into two by a cataclysmic event, but are rejoining, which will stop time irreversibly. Chris blames Eggman, so he finds him and accuses him, but Eggman claims he is innocent and also wants to revert the process. Tails and Chuck begin to build a gate to teleport the animals back to their own world with Chaos Control, but Chris realizes he does not want them to leave. When it is finished and all of the animals but Sonic have left, Chris suddenly shuts the machine down and whisks Sonic into the woods to hide. Sonic is understanding, and Chris is eventually found by his parents, who promise to spend more time on him; with Chris' approval, Sonic returns to his own planet, stopping the merging of the worlds.

Six months later, a race of villainous robots known as the Metarex attempt to steal the Emeralds from Sonic, but Sonic scatters them across the galaxy. Meanwhile on Earth, where six years have passed and Chris is now 18, Chris builds another device to return to the animals' world and regroup with his friends; he is twelve again when he arrives. A sick plant-like girl named Cosmo lands on their planet and they nurse her back to health, so she joins them. They board Tails' new airship, the Blue Typhoon, scour the galaxy for the Emeralds and "Planet Eggs" (objects that allow life to flourish on planets, which the Metarex have stolen to depopulate the galaxy), and fight the Metarex at every turn. Eggman joins the Metarex shortly after. Along the way, the animals meet their old friends the Chaotix, and Tails and Cosmo fall in love. Later, Rouge finds Shadow alive but hibernating in a capsule on Eggman's ship; she releases him and at one point he saves Chris from the Metarex before disappearing.

Shadow reappears and tries to kill Cosmo for an unknown reason, so Tails protects her. Shadow knocks him aside and is about to do it when Dark Oak, the leader of the Metarex, appears. He reveals that they are related to Cosmo and that Cosmo has been an unwitting spy for them ever since they subversively implanted a tracking device in her brain while extinguishing the rest of her species; this was Shadow's rationale, but Shadow is banished from the ship. Chris, Knuckles, and Tails notice that the device is connected to the area of her brain responsible for sight and hearing and that removing it will likely void those senses forever. Knuckles pushes for it to be removed anyway, but Tails refuses, and they all continue their ongoing battle.

The Chaotix and Shadow meet up and, with the other animals, head to the center of the universe, where the Metarex are ominously controlling a planet made of water and containing a Planet Egg. Sonic is catapulted into it, where he drowns until Amy and Chris rescue him. The planet begins turning into a giant seed; the Metarex reveal that they know they have lost the battle for the Emeralds, so they will destroy the galaxy with this planet. Cosmo sees a vision from her mother Galaxina, telling her that she must sacrifice herself to save the rest. She accepts this role, fusing with the giant seed and instructing Tails to use the Blue Typhoon's cannon to fire Super Sonic and Super Shadow at them and destroy them. Eggman pressures Tails to do it, so he reluctantly does. The Metarex are annihilated, but Tails grieves for Cosmo. Back on the animals' world, Sonic and Shadow reappear and solemnly inform Tails that they could not revive Cosmo and only found one of her seeds, but Cream and Amy try to cheer him up. With an ephemeral change of heart, Eggman builds a device for Chris to return home, but promptly reverts to his old ways after Chris leaves. The series ends by showing Cosmo's seed sprouting.

History

Creation and development

This scene shows (clockwise from top left) Sonic, Tails, and two original major characters—Cosmo and Chris—in the typical outer-space setting.

The show was created by TMS Entertainment.[1] Most of the series consists of original content with numerous original characters in addition to established characters, but the second season is mostly based on the plots of Sonic Adventure 1 and 2. While traditionally animated, it includes non-outlined CGI elements for things such as Sonic's homing attack.[2] Yuji Naka, then the head of Sonic Team, filled in as executive producer, and Yuji Uekawa created all of the original characters.[1]

Airing and localization

The episodes were heavily edited for content and length, as 4Kids is infamous among anime fans for doing. 4Kids removed all instances of alcohol consumption and coarse language, instances of breaking the fourth wall, and numerous romantic scenes.[3] However, unlike in some other series 4Kids translated around in the early- to mid-2000s, such as Kirby: Right Back at Ya!, no full episodes were cut from Sonic X. Producer Michael Haigney, while disliking realistic violence in children's programs, was bound by Fox Broadcasting Corporation's strict guidelines, which forbid content such as smoking and strong violence, and had not intended to make massive changes himself. In 2006, near the end of the show's American production, Haigney stated in an interview that he had never played a Sonic game, read the comics, or watched any of the previous Sonic animated series.[4]

4Kids found new voice actors rather than using those from the games. They invited Mike Pollock to voice Eggman, having known him from Kirby: Right Back at Ya!; he landed the additional role of Ella during one of his callbacks. Many fans of the games were disappointed that Ryan Drummond did not return to voice Sonic; he was instead voiced by Jason Griffith. Pollock speculated in an interview that the cast changes were made because Sonic X was dubbed in New York rather than Los Angeles, California, where the games were; the Sonic X cast was mainly based in New York.[5]

Sonic X aired in Japan on TV Tokyo's 8:30 am time slot from April 6, 2003[6] to March 28, 2004.[7] It consisted of three seasons, each of them 26 half-hour episodes long. The series suffered from poor ratings in Japan, so the third season has never aired in that country despite being produced there.[2] 4Kids licensed the series in North America from the beginning;[2] ShoPro Entertainment was made a second North American license holder for Sonic X on December 1, 2003.[8] In June 2012, the bankrupt 4Kids sold its Sonic X license to Saban Brands's Kidsco Media Ventures.[9]

Music

The Japanese version was scored only by Yoshihiro Ike alone. Its opening theme was "Sonic Drive", performed by Hironobu Kageyama and Hideaki Takatori. The series included three ending themes: "Mi-ra-i" (ミ・ラ・イ, Future) by Run&Gun for episodes 1–13, "Hikari Michi" (光る道, Shining Road) by Aya Hiroshige for 14–39 and again for 53–78, and "T.O.P" by Uru for 40–52.[1] 4Kids created entirely new background music for the North American release "for both artistic and commercial reasons".[4] The North American opening and closing theme, titled "Gotta Go Fast", was performed by Norman J. Grossfeld and Russell Velazquez.[1]

Other media

Sonic X was extensively merchandised in various forms of media and other products. Two Game Boy Advance Videos of episodes from the first season of Sonic X were released in May 2004.[10][11] In October 2004, ShoPro licensed four manufacturers to create Sonic X merchandise; they variously produced items such as bedding, beach towels, backpacks, stationery, and pajamas.[12] Six Sonic X novels were published between 2005 and 2007: Aqua Planet,[13] Dr. Eggman Goes to War,[14] Battle at Ice Palace,[15] and Desperately Seeking Sonic by Charlotte Fullerton,[16] Meteor Shower Messenger by Paul Ruditis,[17] and Spaceship Blue Typhoon by Diana Gallagher.[18]

Comic series

Sonic X
File:SonicX.jpg
Issue 1
Publication information
PublisherArchie Comics
GenreAction, comedy, science-fantasy
Publication dateSeptember 2005 – December 2008
No. of issues40
Creative team
Written byIan Flynn, Joe Edkin
Penciller(s)Tim Smith III
Inker(s)Jim Amash
Letterer(s)John Workman
Colorist(s)Josh Ray
Editor(s)Mike Pellerito

Archie Comics, publisher of the main Sonic the Hedgehog comics, started a Sonic X series in 2005. It was originally set to run for only four issues, but was extended to 40 issues due to high demand. The last issue was released in December 2008, and it kicked off the Sonic Universe arc of the comics. The comics were written by Ian Flynn, who also authors the main Sonic comics.[19]

While the comics are set during the Sonic X timeline, their plot is original. Eggman imprisons humans inside robots and tries to use them to kill the animal friends, but they destroy the robots.[20] Eggman uses malicious Chao to destroy Station Square, but Tikal and Chaos arrive from the past, return the Chao to normal, and bring them back to the past.[21] Soon, Sonic finds a machine in the desert and thinks nothing of it,[22] but after fighting with Eggman in Paris and a bizarre world created by the doctor,[23][24] Eggman reveals the desert machine was his and it begins to wreck Station Square. Sonic defeats it, but he (along with Eggman) is locked up for supposedly working with Eggman.[25] Nelson bails Sonic out of jail, and he saves Cream and Chris from some ghosts.[26]

After more malicious schemes based on the holidays Christmas,[27] Valentine's Day,[28] and St. Patrick's Day,[29] Eggman temporarily fires Decoe and Bocoe and creates replacements, Dukow and Bukow,[30] who kidnap Sonic and give him to an organization called S.O.N.I.C.X.; he escapes with ease,[31] but S.O.N.I.C.X. repeatedly tries to ruin his reputation.[32][33] Meanwhile, the animal friends take on Eggman in his various schemes—including becoming a wrestler and creating a circus—to keep the Emeralds from him.[34][35] In the final issue, Metal Sonic appears and allies with Eggman to defeat Sonic, but Shadow steps in and warps himself and Metal Sonic to another dimension.[36]

Video games

In 2003, McDonald's packaged five different single-button dedicated console games, mostly based on various sports, with Happy Meals to promote Sonic X: two featuring Sonic and one each for Tails, Knuckles, and Shadow. Another Happy Meal game based on Big the Cat fishing arrived the following year.[37]

LeapFrog Enterprises released a Sonic X educational math game for its Leapster handheld game console; it was released in 2005 in North America[38] and 2007 in Europe.[39] The game stars Sonic and Chris, who must rescue Tails, Amy, and Knuckles from Eggman. It is a fast-paced platform/action game in which Sonic runs and jumps through levels and destroys Eggman's robots along the way. Periodically, Sonic must answer math questions to continue. The game features three levels, each with its own math concepts: the city Station Square (sequencing, counting in increments); Angel Island, the home of the Master Emerald (addition); and Eggman's base (subtraction).[40] There are also math-based minigames unrelated to the levels to supplement these skills.[41]

Trading card game

Score Entertainment created a Sonic X collectible card game for two players, released in 2005. Players battle for Chaos Emeralds; whoever gets three first wins. Each turn, both players lay out five cards face-down and flip over one at a time; whichever card has a lower number value is eliminated. Eliminating the other player's cards and combining the special abilities of one's own cards allows one to score rings; whichever player has the most rings at the end of the turn wins an Emerald. As the game does not emphasize collecting rare cards, a few booster packs are enough to build a competent deck. KidzWorld gave a positive review, praising its ease of learning, low cost, and inherent strategy, but also noting that it feels more like a generic card game with Sonic characters than like a wholly Sonic-based product.[42]

Reception and popularity

Sonic X has had a middling reception; Conrad Zimmerman of Destructoid cited its "horrible localization" as a main reason for negativity.[3] Famitsu offered a uniformly positive review before the first episode broadcast in 2003, commending the skillful transition of the games' speed and style to animation, as well as the deep story, and expected the series to continue to grow more interesting.[6] Another Famitsu review from later in the year called the anime an outstanding success and encouraged readers to tune in.[43] In contrast, Tim Jones of THEM Anime gave Sonic X a mostly negative two-star review, calling it "mediocre". He praised the show's music, backgrounds, and first episode in general, but derided the use of "annoying" characters like Chris and Amy, Sonic's bland characterization, the use of CGI for Sonic's homing attack, and the English voice acting.[2] GamesRadar praised its closeness to the formula of the Sonic games and the theme song, but criticized its characters, in particular the addition of humans.[44] While giving no further comments, Allgame gave the Game Boy Advance Videos of episodes 1–2 and 3–4 each two and a half stars of five.[10][11] Common Sense Media gave it three stars for quality, also assessing its appropriateness for children.[45]

The show was quite popular in the United States, consistently reaching the number-one position in its timeslot.[46] In 2009, a six-year-old Norwegian boy named Christer pressed his parents to send a letter to King Harald V of Norway to approve his name being changed to "Sonic X". They allowed Christer to write it himself but did not send it until he badgered them further, and the king responded that he could not approve the change because Christer was not 18 years old.[47][48] Extending over a decade past the show's initial release, the phrase "gotta go fast" has been used in the titles of video game periodical articles to represent the Sonic series[49][50] and speedrunning in general.[51]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Chaos Control Freaks". Sonic X. Season 1. Episode 1. April 6, 2003. Event occurs at credits (Japanese). {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |episodelink= ignored (|episode-link= suggested) (help) Cite error: The named reference "credits" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c d Jones, Tim. "Sonic X". ThemAnime. Retrieved April 6, 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ a b Zimmerman, Conrad (April 4, 2010). "Watch Sonic X on Hulu This Easter". Destructoid. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  4. ^ a b Rasmussen, David (February 12, 2006). "mr. michael haigney interview (4kids)". Anime Boredom. Archived from the original on February 17, 2007. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
  5. ^ Sonic the Hedgehog (forum user's name) (August 13, 2004). [z3.invisionfree.com/Sonic_Team_Forum/index.php?showtopic=164 "STF's interview Mike Pollock!, We talk to the voice of Dr. Eggman!"]. Sonic Team Forum. Retrieved June 23, 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help); Check |url= value (help)
  6. ^ a b "アニメ『ソニックX』の制作発表会が開催！" (in Japanese). Famitsu. March 18, 2003. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  7. ^ "てれまでの話" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
  8. ^ "ShoPro named North American licensing agent for Sonic X". Kids Today: p. 16. November/December 2003. {{cite journal}}: |page= has extra text (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "Konami to Get 4Kids' Yu-Gi-Oh! Assets Under Proposed Deal". Anime News Network. June 16, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
  10. ^ a b All Game Guide. "Game Boy Advance Video: Sonic X, Vol. 1". Allgame. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  11. ^ a b All Game Guide. "Game Boy Advance Video: Sonic X, Vol. 2". Allgame. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  12. ^ "ShoPro names four licensees for Sonic X". Kids Today: p. 15. October 2004. {{cite journal}}: |page= has extra text (help)
  13. ^ Fullerton, Charlotte (July 6, 2006). Aqua Planet. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-44327-0.
  14. ^ Fullerton, Charlotte (March 16, 2006). Dr. Eggman Goes to War. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-44254-9.
  15. ^ Fullerton, Charlotte (November 2, 2006). Battle at Ice Palace. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-44409-3.
  16. ^ Fullerton, Charlotte (March 1, 2007). Desperately Seeking Sonic. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-44479-6.
  17. ^ Ruditis, Paul (September 8, 2005). Meteor Shower Messenger. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-43996-9.
  18. ^ Gallagher, Diana (September 8, 2005). Spaceship Blue Typhoon. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-43997-6.
  19. ^ Sonic X, no. 40, p. p. 26 (December 2008). Archie Comics.
  20. ^ Sonic X, no. 4 (December 2005). Archie Comics.
  21. ^ Sonic X, no. 6 (February 2006). Archie Comics.
  22. ^ Sonic X, no. 7 (March 2006). Archie Comics.
  23. ^ Sonic X, no. 9 (May 2006). Archie Comics.
  24. ^ Sonic X, no. 11 (July 2006). Archie Comics.
  25. ^ Sonic X, no. 12 (August 2006). Archie Comics.
  26. ^ Sonic X, no. 14 (October 2006). Archie Comics.
  27. ^ Sonic X, no. 15 (November 2006). Archie Comics.
  28. ^ Sonic X, no. 16 (December 2006). Archie Comics.
  29. ^ Sonic X, no. 17 (January 2007). Archie Comics.
  30. ^ Sonic X, no. 22 (June 2007). Archie Comics.
  31. ^ Sonic X, no. 23 (July 2007). Archie Comics.
  32. ^ Sonic X, no. 25 (September 2007). Archie Comics.
  33. ^ Sonic X, no. 38 (October 2008). Archie Comics.
  34. ^ Sonic X, no. 26 (October 2007). Archie Comics.
  35. ^ Sonic X, no. 30 (February 2008). Archie Comics.
  36. ^ Sonic X, no. 40 (December 2008). Archie Comics.
  37. ^ Gander, Matt (of Retro Gamer) (April 17, 2013). "The history of fast-food freebies". Games Asylum. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
  38. ^ Sonic X (Leapster, North American) boxart.
  39. ^ Sonic X (Leapster, European) boxart.
  40. ^ Sonic X (Leapster) instruction manual, pp. 2–3.
  41. ^ Sonic X (Leapster) instruction manual, pp. 4–6.
  42. ^ "Sonic X Card Game Review". KidzWorld. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
  43. ^ "『ソニック X』アフレコ現場を潜入取材！" (in Japanese). Famitsu. June 19, 2003. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  44. ^ GamesRadar_US (June 23, 2012). "The absolute worst Sonic moments". GamesRadar. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  45. ^ "Common Sense Media says: Hedgehog and human join together to battle evil". Common Sense Media. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
  46. ^ Weiland, Jonah (May 23, 2005). "Archie Launches New 'Sonic X' Series". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  47. ^ Sterling, Jim (April 23, 2009). "Six-year-old boy asks King to change his name to Sonic X". Destructoid. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  48. ^ Good, Owen (April 25, 2009). "King Denies Little Boy's Wish to Be Named 'Sonic X'". Kotaku. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  49. ^ Ponce, Tony (October 1, 2013). "Sonic's gotta go fast in these Smash 4 screens". Destructoid. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  50. ^ Prell, Sam (April 26, 2014). "Sonic The Hedgehog's gotta go fast on Oculus Rift". Joystiq. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  51. ^ Sonntag, Lawrence (February 19, 2013). "Gotta Go Fast: Speedrunning's Incredible Growth in Popularity". InsideGamingDaily. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
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