Jump to content

Tham Luang cave rescue

Coordinates: 20°22′54″N 99°52′06″E / 20.38167°N 99.86833°E / 20.38167; 99.86833
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Thai Cave Person (talk | contribs) at 00:25, 20 July 2018 (→‎Death of rescue diver). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Tham Luang cave rescue
Rescue personnel and equipment at the cave entrance
Date23 June – 10 July 2018
(18 days)
LocationTham Luang Nang Non cave, Mae Sai, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand[1]
Coordinates20°22′54″N 99°52′06″E / 20.38167°N 99.86833°E / 20.38167; 99.86833
TypeCave rescue
CauseMonsoon flooding[2]
OutcomeGroup found alive on 2 July; all rescued between 8 and 10 July 2018.[3][4][5]
DeathsLt. Cmdr. Saman Kunan, GCE (posthumous), rescue diver[6]
Non-fatal injuriesMinor scrapes and cuts, mild rashes,[7][8] lung inflammation[9]
Location within Thailand

The Tham Luang cave rescue, also referred to as the Thailand or Thai cave rescue, involved the extraction of members of a junior football team trapped in a cave in the Chiang Rai Province of Thailand. Twelve members of the team, aged eleven to seventeen, and their 25-year-old assistant coach entered the Tham Luang Nang Non cave on 23 June 2018 after finishing football practice. Shortly afterwards, heavy rains partially flooded the cave, forcing the group deeper into the cave.

Efforts to locate the group were hampered by rising water levels and strong currents, and no contact was made for more than a week. The rescue effort expanded into a massive operation amid intense worldwide public interest. On 2 July, after advancing through narrow passages and muddy waters, British divers John Volanthen and Richard Stanton found the group alive on an elevated rock about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the cave mouth. Rescue organisers discussed various options for extracting the group, including whether to teach them basic diving skills to enable their early rescue, wait until a new entrance was found or drilled, or wait for the floodwaters to subside at the end of the monsoon season months later. After days of pumping water from the cave system and a respite from rain, the rescue teams hastened to get everyone out before the next monsoon rain, which was expected to bring a potential 52 mm (2.0 in) of additional rainfall and was predicted to start around 11 July.

Saman Kunan, a 38-year-old former Thai Navy SEAL, died of asphyxiation on 6 July on his return to the cave entrance after delivering supplies of air to the interior. Between 8 and 10 July, all of the boys and their coach were rescued from the cave by an international team.

The rescue efforts included a total of over 10,000 people – including more than 100 divers, many rescue workers, representatives from about 100 governmental agencies, 900 police officers, 2000 soldiers, ten police helicopters, seven police ambulances, more than 700 air canisters, and the pumping of more than a billion litres of water out of the caves.

Disappearance

Doi Nang Non, "Mountain of the Sleeping Lady". When viewed from this angle, it is said to resemble a lady lying on her back.
Thai news report from NBT news (no subtitles)

Tham Luang Nang Non is a karstic cave complex beneath Doi Nang Non, a mountain range on the border between Thailand and Myanmar.[10] The system is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long and has many deep recesses, narrow passages and tunnels winding under hundreds of metres of limestone strata. Since part of the cave system is seasonally flooded, a sign advising against entering the caves during the rainy season (July–November) is posted at the entrance.[11]

On Saturday 23 June 2018, a group of twelve boys aged between 11 and 17 from a local junior football team named the Wild Boars and their 25-year-old assistant coach, Ekapol Chantawong,[12] went missing after setting out to explore the cave. According to early news reports, they planned to have a birthday party in the cave after the football practice, and spent a significant sum of money on food, but they refuted this in a news conference after the rescue.[13] The team was stranded in the tunnels by sudden and continuous rainfall after they had entered the cave.[14] They had to leave at least some food supplies behind when fleeing the rising water.[15][16][17][18]

Around 7 p.m., head coach Nopparat Khanthavong checked his phone, finding about twenty missed calls from parents worried that their children had not come home. Nopparat dialed assistant coach Chantawong, followed by a number of the boys in quick succession. Eventually, he reached Songpol Kanthawong, a 13-year-old member of the team who mentioned he was picked up after practice, and that the rest of the boys had gone exploring in the Tham Luang caves. The coach raced up to the caves finding abandoned bicycles and bags near the entrance, with water seeping out of the muddy pathway.[19] He alerted authorities to the missing group after seeing their unclaimed belongings.[20]

Search and contact

Rescuers looking for alternative access routes to the cave

British cave diver Vern Unsworth, who lives in Chiang Rai and has intimate knowledge of the cave complex, had scheduled a solo dive on into the cave on Sunday, but instead received a call about the missing boys.[21] Unsworth advised the Thai government to request assistance from the British Cave Rescue Council (BCRC).[21][22] On Monday, Thai Navy SEALs divers arrived and began searching the cave.[23] A Thai Navy SEAL said the water was so murky that even with lights they could not see where they were going underwater.[24] After continuous rain, which further flooded the entrance, the search had to be periodically interrupted.[25] On Wednesday, three BCRC divers arrived with specialist equipment including Heyphone LF radios, followed on Thursday by a United States Air Force team of 31st Rescue Squadron Pararescue divers, on Friday by a Australian Federal Police team of Specialist Response Group divers and on Sunday by a Chinese team of divers from the Beijing Peaceland Foundation.[22][26][27][28][29] BCRC divers Richard Stanton and John Volanthen advanced through the cave complex placing diving guidelines, supported by Thailand-based Belgian cave diver Ben Reymenants.[30][31][32] The Thai, US, Australian and Chinese diving teams supported the BCRC divers by transporting diving bottles, and established an air supply storage area in Chamber 3 of the cave system.[30][33]

Policemen with sniffer dogs searched for shaft openings that could provide alternative entrances to the cave branches below. Drones and robots were also used in the search, but no technology currently exists to scan for people deep underground.[34]

The twelve boys and the coach were discovered on Monday 2 July, at approximately 22:00,[35] by Stanton and Volanthen, whose efforts were overseen from outside by BCRC diver Robert Harper.[36] They were on a narrow rock shelf about 400 metres (1,300 ft) beyond the "Pattaya Beach" chamber,[35][37][38] named after an above-ground beach in Thailand. Volanthen was placing guidelines in the cave to assist others in navigation. He ran out of line, which led him to swim to the surface; there, he found the missing team and its coach, smelling them before hearing or seeing them.[39][40] The ledge where they were found is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi)[41] from the cave mouth.[42] A video of the encounter, showing the boys and their interactions with the divers, was posted on Facebook by the Thai Navy SEALs.[43] In the video, the dazed boys appear to be unaware of how long they have been trapped deep underground, as they ask the divers what day it is.[14] Former Chiang Rai provincial governor Narongsak Osatanakorn, who was in charge of rescue work, said "We found them safe. But the operation isn't over."[44][45]

Team

The members of the groupCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).[46] are as follows:

Name (RTGS) Nickname Age Comments
Chanin Wibunrungrueang Titan 11
Phanumat Saengdi Mig 13
Duangphet Phromthep Dom 13 Team captain.[46]
Somphong Chaiwong Pong 13
Mongkhon Bunpiam Mark 13 Rescued in first mission.[47] Stateless.[48]
Natthawut Thakhamsong Tern 14 Rescued in first mission.[49]
Ekkarat Wongsukchan Bew 14
Adun Sam-on — 14 Only English language speaker; communicated with initial rescue party.[46] Stateless.[48][50]
Prachak Sutham Note 15 Rescued in first mission.[47]
Phiphat Phothi Nick 15 Rescued in first mission.[49]
Phonchai Khamluang Tee 16 Stateless.[48][50]
Phiraphat Somphiangchai Night 17 Boy whose birthday celebration prompted entry into cave.[18]
Ekkaphon Chanthawong Ake 25 Assistant coach and former monk.[46] Stateless.[48][50] Last to be rescued.[51]

The assistant coach and three of the boys have no nationality, according to the founder of the Wild Boars team, Nopparat Khanthavong. He explained that they are from tribes in an area that extends across Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, and China, where borders have changed and people do not have passports. He said it has been difficult for the boys to travel to games outside Chiang Rai province. "To get nationality is the biggest hope for the boys", he said.[52]

External videos
video icon The first video released by Thai Navy SEALs showing the children and their coach after they were found by British volunteer divers
External images
image icon Map, from above, of the Tham Luang cave system, provided by BBC News
image icon Map, side view, of the Tham Luang cave system, provided by Deutsche Welle

Aid inside

On Tuesday 3 July, three Thai Navy SEALs and Thai Army doctor Lt. Col. Pak Loharachun of the 3rd Medical Battalion, who had completed the Navy SEALs course, joined the group inside the cave.[53][54] Thai officials told reporters that rescuers were providing health checks and treatment, and keeping the boys entertained, adding that none of those trapped was in a serious condition. "They have been fed with easy-to-digest, high-energy food with vitamins and minerals, under the supervision of a doctor", Rear Admiral Apagorn Youkonggaew, head of the Thai Navy's Special Forces, told reporters. A video made by the rescuers, and shared a few hours later by the Thai Navy SEALs, showed all twelve boys and their coach introducing themselves and stating their age. Wrapped in emergency blankets and appearing frail, they all said hello to the outside world. "Sawatdi khrap", each boy said with his palms together in wai, the traditional Thai greeting.[55] A second video shows a medic treating them.[56] It was believed that some of the group could not swim,[57] complicating what would already be a difficult rescue.[58]

The Army doctor discovered that they had attempted to dig their way out of the cave. The team members had used rock fragments to dig every day, creating a hole five metres deep.[54]

BCRC diver Jason Mallinson offered the boys and coach an opportunity to send a message to relatives by using his wet notes pad.[59] Many of the notes professed their safety, reassured the recipients that everything was fine, and included words of love, reassurance and encouragement.[60]

Planning and preparation

Rescue camp near Tham Luang cave

The rescue efforts included more than 100 divers, many rescue workers, representatives from about 100 government agencies, 900 police officers, and 2,000 soldiers – ten police helicopters, seven police ambulances, more than 700 air canisters (of which more than 500 were in the cave at any time while another 200 were in the queue to be refilled), and the removal of more than a billion litres of water (the equivalent of 400 Olympic-size swimming pools).[61][62]

Development

As the crisis unfolded, rescuers planned several different methods to save the team and coach. Plans included waiting until the end of the monsoon season, teaching the group basic diving skills, finding other entrances to the cave, or drilling new ones. More than 100 shafts were drilled into the soft limestone, and one shaft was discovered that went down 900 metres.[63] At the outset rescue workers battled rising water levels.[64][65][66] Normally, the cave system is flooded in the rainy season, which lasts until September or October.[67]

Surveys showed flooded passages in a portion of the cave that reaches deep into the mountain. The point where the boys became stranded is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi)[41] from the entrance and 800–1,000 metres (2,600–3,300 ft) below the top of the mountain.[68] The route to them had several flooded sections, some with strong currents and zero visibility,[69] and some parts which are extremely narrow, the narrowest measuring only 38 by 72 centimetres (15 in × 28 in).[70][71][72] The journey into the cave took six hours (against the current) and coming out took five hours (with the current),[73] even for experienced divers.[66] Panicking during the journey could prove fatal.[74] Teams searched for alternative entrances which could allow for an easier escape route.[75] Drilling was used to help drain water and was also considered as a means to open a viable escape path, though no suitable location was found.[72][68]

Pumps used to drain water from the cave and downstream lakes

Systems were installed for pumping water out of the cave and for diverting flows that were entering it. In combination with a spell of unusually dry weather for the time of year, those efforts reduced water levels by 1.5 centimetres (0.6 in) per hour on Thursday 5 July, enabling rescue teams to walk 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) into the cave. Heavy rains were expected on 8 July, which might have halted or reversed this process and even threatened to flood the position where the team became trapped.[67][68][76] On Wednesday 4 July, it was reported the pumps were removing an estimated 1,600,000 L/h (420,000 US gal/h) in total.[77]

On Friday 6 July, the oxygen level in the cave was found to have dropped, raising fears that the trapped boys might develop hypoxia if they remained there for a prolonged time period.[78][79] That same day, an air supply line was installed into the chamber.[80] However, by Sunday 8 July, the oxygen levels dropped to 15%; the level needed to maintain normal function of a human is between 19.5% and 23.5%.[81]

Divers

The threat of more heavy rain and the difficulty or impossibility of finding or drilling an escape passage forced rescuers to make the decision to bring out the team and coach with experienced divers.[82] Ninety divers worked in the cave system, forty from Thailand and fifty from other countries.[83] Rescuers at first considered teaching the boys basic diving skills to enable them to make the journey.[72][79] Organisers even built a mock-up of a tight passage with chairs, and divers practiced with local boys in a school swimming pool. Thai SEALs and US Air Force experts then revised the plan to use teams of divers to bring out the weakened boys in cocoon-like stretchers.[84]

Main cave entrance in heavy rain

Diversion dam

A stone diversion dam was built upstream. In combination with pumping, this helped to lower the water level, but required flooding nearby farm fields.[85] For a time, well-meaning volunteers were inadvertently pumping water back into the groundwater supply.[86]

Logistics camp

The rescue camp was located in front of the cave entrance and included hundreds of volunteers and journalists in addition to the rescue workers. The site was divided into several zones: restricted areas for the Thai Navy SEALs, other military personnel, and civilian rescuers, an area for the relatives to give them privacy, and areas for the press and for the general public.[87]

Death of rescue diver

A 37-year-old[88] former Thai Navy SEAL petty officer, Saman Kunan, died of asphyxiation while delivering supplies to the cave on 6 July.[89][90] He had volunteered to help with the rescue effort and was placing air tanks along the diving route for future missions when he was unable to breathe and lost consciousness while trying to pass through a narrow underwater passageway during the return trip.[91] Kunan was brought to the surface by his dive partner, but attempts to resuscitate him failed. A royal-sponsored funeral in Bangkok was planned in his honour.[92] He was granted a posthumous promotion to lieutenant commander by King Vajiralongkorn, and awarded the Knight Grand Cross (first class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant.[93][94]

Saman Kunan was born on December 23, 1980 in Chaturaphak Phiman. He is a graduate of Naval Academy School and Underwater Assault Student Class 30 Special Naval Warfare Command Battle Squadron. He later quit his commission to work in airport security at Suvarnabhumi Airport 2006.

He was married to Wanichorn Kruan.

Suman Kunan was a competitive and notable cyclist affiliated with Nich-100Plus, a famous amateur bike team in Thailand. Saman Kunan won the Overwatch or the adventure sport "The ibis Samui Koh Samui Trophy II" which is a swimsuit competition. Kayaking is 43.45 km and cycling. Of the 103 participants, Sam was one of the strongest athletes.


During the search and rescue operation, Luang Samananan Cave was commissioned on July 5, 2018 to convey the bottles of air from the third hall to the various points at the intersection of the cave. 20:37 on July 5th, after the mission was dive back but unconscious in the water. During that time, the couple drove the first aid (CPR) but did not regain consciousness, bringing them back to the three halls. First Aid again but did not work. He died at about 1:00 pm on July 6, 2018. Many people praised him and gave him the nickname. Later, at about 12.00 hrs., On July 6, 2018, Dr. Jintana Sirisamnsom, the President of Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited At Phaya Meng Rai Camp, the Great. Chiang Rai Province Later, a body was moved from Mae Fah Luang Chiang Rai International Airport to U-Tapao International Airport. (Rayong - Pattaya) to receive the Royal Bath. Admiral Naris Prathumsuwan, Dr. Ninninai Sirisat, attended the ceremony. The ceremony was held at Wat Sattahip at 19.30 hrs, with Mr. Prakrathorn Tienchai, Chonburi governor. Join the ceremony

July 7, 2018 at 11.30 hrs. A funeral ceremony was held at Roi Et Airport. There are families and relatives waiting for the funeral, soldiers and some people respected. [ 8 ] On July 8, 2061, at 6.30 pm, Police Lieutenant Colonel Sansom Chantra, the Governor General of Thailand, presided over the funeral pyre, by Dr. Nitinai Sirisombat, Mr. Lertwong. Deputy Governor of Roi Et Province, Mr. Thammanoon Chaijit, Chattrakarn District Police Station Join the funeral pyre.

On July 14, 2018, there was a ceremony of cremation at Wat Nongkru, Chatuchak District, Phiman. Roi Et by His Majesty the King. Brunei His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej is graciously pleased to proclaim that Surayud Chulanont, Privy Councilor, presided over the ceremony [16] by Gen. Anupong Pojinda, Minister of Interior, and Mr. Narongsak Osathananakorn , Governor of Phayao Province. National Admissions Commissioner Admiral Norris Pritchuwan attended the ceremony. [17] Psalms

His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej The Royal Thai Navy is awarded the rank of Lieutenant Commander and Royal Decoration Medal, which is bestowed upon the first class of white elephants. After his death in the Royal Cavern event.

Saman Kunan has also been honored at the international level, both in the UK and in the United Kingdom. He expressed his gratitude and stated that he would be forever remembered in India. The sand is a sergeant. Including Iker Casillas, the former Spanish national goalkeeper, The show is featured in Instagram.

Chalermchai Kositpipat , creator of Wat Rong Khun, invited about 300 Chiang Rai artists to organize art activities to honor the honor of Saman Kunan and plans to apply for permission from the National Park Service to build a memorial site in the area of ​​Tham Luang - Khun Nam Nang Forest Park. sleep The statue is 1.5 times the size of the real. And a multipurpose pavilion for exhibitions, photographs, information and artwork related to the Royal cave. It is a tourist accommodation. All private budgets.

Rescue

On the morning of Sunday 8 July, officials instructed the media and all non-essential personnel around the cave entrance to clear the area as a rescue operation was imminent due to the threat of monsoon rains later in the week, which were expected to flood the cave until October.

For the first part of the extraction, eighteen rescue divers consisting of five Thai Navy SEALs and thirteen international cave divers were sent into the caves to retrieve the boys using a "buddy system", where two divers would accompany each boy, one ahead of him carrying the boy's air tank and one behind him.[95][96] There were conflicting reports that the boys were rescued with the weakest first or strongest first. In fact, the order was which boy volunteered first.[97] The international cave diving team was led by four BCRC divers John Volanthen, Richard Stanton, Jason Mallinson, Chris Jewell and two Australians doctor Richard Harris, a physician specializing in anesthesia, and Craig Challen.[32][59][98] Their portion of the journey would stretch over 1 kilometre going through submerged routes while being supported by 90 Thai and foreign divers at various points performing medical check-ups, resupplying air-tanks for the main divers and other emergency roles.[99] The 12 boys, who wore air tanks and were each tethered to an adult diver, had to submerge themselves for much of the journey but were carried on bright red 'sked' stretchers whenever they entered patches of dry ground.[100] Some boys smuggled out food in their wetsuits, citing the good taste.[101]

After being delivered by the divers into Chamber 3 where the Navy set up a base, the boys were then passed along a 'daisy chain' by hundreds of rescuers stationed along the treacherous path out of the cave.[102] The boys, wrapped in 'sked' hammocks, would alternately be stretchered, slid and zip-lined over a complex network of pulleys installed by rock-climbers.[103] Many areas from Chamber 3 to the entrance of the cave were still partially submerged and rescuers described having to stretcher the boys over slippery, muddy water for hours.[104] The journey from Chamber 3 to the cave entrance took about four to five hours initially, but was reduced to less than an hour after a week of draining and clearing the mud path using shovels.[105]

The boys were heavily sedated to prevent them from panicking on the journey, with the Thai government providing doctor Harris with diplomatic immunity if something went wrong.[106][107][108] Contrary to early reports the boys did not swim during their exit.[109] Each boy was wrapped in a specialised flexible stretcher, which was shepherded by rescuers variously carrying, suspending, submerging, floating and sliding it through the flooded and dry parts of the passage.[62] The boys were each equipped with a full face mask, and were underwater for up to 40 minutes at a time in "bone chilling temperatures".[110][62]

The authorities warned that extracting everyone would take several days, because crews had to replace air tanks, gear, and other supplies, requiring ten to twenty hours between each run.[111][112][113]

Shortly after 19:00, local officials said that two boys had been rescued and taken to Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital.[114][115][116] Shortly after, two more boys exited the cave and were assessed by medical officials nearby.[114] Low water levels had reduced the time required for the rescues.[117] The lower water was due to improved weather and the construction of a weir outside the cave to help control the water.[118]

On Tuesday 10 July, all twelve boys and their coach were reported to have been rescued.[3][4][5][119] Four divers and other rescuers were still inside the cave when the pumps were no longer able to keep the water level down because one of the industrial-size hoses had burst.[120] "All of a sudden a water pipe burst and the main pump stopped working", a diver stated. "We really had to run from the third chamber to the entrance because the water level was rising very quickly – like 50cm every 10 minutes."[121] This forced up to 100 rescuers still located more than 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) inside the cave to evacuate in a hurry, abandoning the rescue equipment inside the cave. The remaining rescuers managed to rush to the exit in under an hour.[122]

A number of news outlets reported on the role coach Ekapol had played during the rescue efforts. The coach had previously been a Buddhist monk, and had guided meditation for the children during the ordeal. He had also passed on a message in which he apologised for bringing the children into danger.[123][124]

Recovery

Thai authorities said the rescued boys were able to eat rice porridge, but more complex foods would be withheld for ten days.[125] The Thai Health Ministry said the boys lost an average of 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) each, but were in "good condition".[126] The boys were quarantined while health workers determined whether they had caught any infectious diseases and were expected to remain hospitalised for at least one week.[127] Due to the prolonged stay in the damp cave environment, officials were worried about potential infections such as histoplasmosis or leptospirosis.[128] Officials said the parents of the team visited through a window, but if laboratory results prove negative, the parents may visit in person while wearing a medical gown, face mask and hair cap.[129]

The boys wore sunglasses as a precaution while their eyes adjusted to daylight. Detailed tests of their eyes, nutrition, mental health and blood were carried out. A Health Ministry physician said all the boys showed an increase in white blood cells, so preventive antibiotic doses were given to the entire team.[129]

Responses

Local

Residents of Chiang Rai province volunteered to cook, clean for, and otherwise support the missing team's families and the rescue teams at the encampment by the cave mouth.[10] Social media were used to draw attention to the rescue attempts.[10] Classmates and teachers of the team spent time chanting and praying for the missing boys.[130] Classmates of one of the boys made 1,000 paper cranes for him, while praying for his safe return.[131] Local schools donated money to help the parents with living costs, as many of them stopped working in order to follow the rescue attempts.[87]

On 29 June, Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha visited the search site and told the families of the boys not to give up hope.[132] Following the death of Saman Kunan, King Rama X announced that he would sponsor Kunan's funeral.[133]

After the rescue was completed those who participated; monks, the boys' families, the rescue commander, military officials, and the thousands of volunteers gathered at the cave entrance. The group gave thanks for the lives saved and asked forgiveness for the intrusion of pumps, ropes and people during the rescue, from the cave's goddess "Jao Mae Tham".[134]

Opinions about assistant coach

Some observers, primarily on Western social media, initially criticised the boys and, in particular, assistant coach Ekapol Chantawong, for "carelessness" by venturing into the cave despite the warning sign at the entrance stating that it is dangerous to enter between July and November.[135] The boys had entered the cave on 23 June, one week before the advised period. Local communities, as well as the boys' parents, emphasised that they did not blame the boys or their coach, as the rain had arrived a month earlier than usual.[136] Vern Unsworth, a British caver mapping the cave, stated, "Nobody’s to blame, not the coach, not the boys. They were just very unlucky ... It wasn’t just the rain that day, the mountain is like a sponge and waters from earlier rain were raising the levels". Unsworth said that he himself had been planning to make a solo venture into the complex on 24 June, when he instead received the call saying the boys were missing there.[137]

While the police chief told the newspaper Khao Sod that he "hadn't ruled out" pressing negligence charges against the coach for putting the team in danger, no calls were made to take legal action against him. A number of lawyers stated that the coach would probably not face criminal charges, since Thai law also takes into consideration whether a person has malicious intent. In mainstream media, Ekapol has widely been held 'a hero' and was a "calm voice [that] helped boys to beat despair in the darkness."[138][139][140] The coach was reported to have treated the boys with care, giving them his food, helping them remain calm, and instructing them to drink water dripping from the cave walls, which is relatively clean, instead of the murky floodwaters that trapped them.

When asked if Ekapol should be held legally responsible for negligence, Banphot Booneiam, the father of 12-year-old Mongkol, rejected the suggestion: “We would never do that... the boys love their coach, [Mongkol] wouldn’t let us do that, and we as parents don’t want it either. Coach Ekk has been good to my boy, and now I hear how he gave them hope, and kept them calm for so many days without food. I have great admiration for him.”[141] Tanawut Vibulrungruang, father of 11-year old Chanin, echoed the sentiment, stating that "he's touched by the actions of the team's coach. Without him...he doesn't know how the kids could have survived."[142] The team's head coach, Naparat Guntawong, said he would not have approved of the hike, but was confident in Ekapol's ability to take care of the boys. Prime minister Prayut Chan-o-cha said that the emphasis should be on the rescue and the recovery of the team, and he asked the public to avoid a rush to judgment.[143][144][145]

International

Over the course of two weeks, hundreds of volunteers, military personnel specialists and corporate interests arrived, from around the world, to assist or offer assistance in the rescue efforts.

  • Australia: Six Australian Federal Police Specialist Response Group divers, one Navy Clearance diver, one Australian Medical Assistance Team (AUSMAT) member and Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Crisis Response Team officers. Up to 20 Australians were involved at the cave site.[146][147] Doctor Richard Harris an anaesthetist was part of the medical team that determined the boys' fitness to make the 4-kilometre (2.5 mi) journey. Harris and his diving partner retired veterinarian Craig Challen, both cave diving specialists, played key roles in the rescue. The Thai government provided Dr Harris with diplomatic immunity to protect him if anything went awry due to administering the sedation.[59][106]
  • Belgium: Ben Reymenants, the owner of a diving school in Phuket, contributed in cave diving capacity.[148]
  • Canada: Erik Brown, a dive instructor from Vancouver, participated on the cave diving team.[149]
  • China: A six-man team of cave rescue experts arrived in Thailand on 29 June. The team brought rescue equipment including an underwater robot, diving equipment and a three-dimensional imager. Additional teams from The Peaceland Foundation and China Greenboat also came to aid in the effort.[148]
  • Czech Republic: Government of the Czech Republic offered to provide a Czech manufacturer's high performance pumps; the state has four such pumps, each with an output of 400 litres per second (1,440,000 l/h (380,000 US gal/h)).[150] Upon inspection at the site, however, it was determined heavy-duty pumps could not be used due to unsuitable terrain.[151]
  • Denmark: Two Danish divers, Ivan Karadzic who runs a diving center with Finnish Mikko Paasi, and Claus Rasmussen, a diving instructor, participated in the cave diving team.[149]
  • Finland: Diver Mikko Paasi came to assist with rescue efforts.[152]
  • Israel: Diver Rafael Aroush joined the diving team while emergency mobile communication devices were donated by Maxtech NetWorks.[154]
  • United Kingdom: The British Cave Rescue Council sent eight experienced cave rescue divers, familiar with caves in Thailand, led the diving team; three cave rescue personnel; and special equipment.[98][162][163][164] Vernon Unsworth, a British man living in the area, was the first cave diver on the site.[165] John Volanthen and Rick Stanton discovered the boys and led the cave diving team.[166][167][168][169] Chris Jewell and Jason Mallison brought 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) of diving equipment.[170][165] Other divers included Connor Roe, Josh Bratchley, Jim Warny, Mike Clayton, Gary Mitchell and Tim Acton.[171][172] The cave rescue personnel, including Robert Harper, provided surface control for the divers.[173][36]
  • United States: On 28 June, the US military’s Indo-Pacific Command (USINDOPACOM) deployed 36 personnel from Okinawa, including airmen from 353rd Special Operations Group and the 31st Rescue Squadron. According to Military.com, they joined seven other personnel, including a member of Joint US Military Advisory Group Thailand. Pentagon spokesman Colonel Rob Manning said that US personnel had "staged equipment and prepared the first three chambers of the cave for safe passage. The US contingent assisted in transporting the evacuees through the final chambers of the system, and provided medical personnel and other technical assistance to the rescue efforts."[174]

Volunteers, teams and technical specialists from countries including Germany,[175] Myanmar,[35] the Philippines,[176] Singapore,[177] Spain,[178] Sweden,[179] and Ukraine,[180] also participated in the operation. France offered to send a team of specialists and equipment, but Thai authorities believed that adequate resources were already on site.[181]

The ordeal captured the media's attention from around the world. Over a period of three weeks, articles relating to the incident dominated the top stories section at many major news publications.[182]

Elon Musk

Elon Musk ordered his engineers to design a "kid-sized" submarine to help the rescue effort and documented the process via Twitter.[183][184] Additionally, California-based inflatable boat manufacturer Wing Inflatables answered Musk's call for help by building inflatable escape pods. The pods were designed, fabricated, and tested in one day, then flown to Thailand to be used in case the mini-submarine could not fit in the cave system.[185][186] Musk's company, SpaceX, built a mini-submarine out of a Falcon 9 liquid oxygen transfer tube.[187] He personally delivered it to Thailand, but having already rescued eight of the twelve children, Thai authorities declined to use the submarine as it was impractical.[188][189]

The British rescue caver Vern Unsworth, who has been exploring the cave over a period of six years and had originally pinpointed the approximate location where the football team had taken refuge, said that Musk's idea "had absolutely no chance of working" and was "just a PR stunt". He said, "The submarine, I believe, was about five foot six long, rigid, so it wouldn’t have gone round corners or round any obstacles. It wouldn’t have made the first 50 metres into the cave from the dive start point."[190][191] Rescue mission co-leader, Richard Stanton, had earlier urged Musk to continue construction of the mini-submarine as a back-up, in case the flooding worsened.[192]

Football world

FIFA, via a letter from its president Gianni Infantino to the president of the Football Association of Thailand, invited the children and coach to the World Cup final if circumstances allowed.[193] The entire team was expected to remain hospitalised for at least a week, and watch the final on television instead.[194]

Manchester United F.C. issued an invitation to the team and their rescuers to attend a match at Old Trafford next season. FC Barcelona invited the team to play in their international academy tournament in 2019, and to watch a first-team game at their home stadium Nou Camp.[195] England and Manchester City F.C. defender Kyle Walker said he wanted to send them shirts, after spotting that one of the rescued boys was wearing a "Three Lions" jersey.[196]

Timeline

23 June: The team entered the Tham Luang cave shortly after practice and prior to heavy rain. Later, the mother of one of the boys reported to local police that her son was missing after he failed to arrive home. Local police investigated and found shoes and bicycles near the entrance of the cave.[197]

24 June: Handprints and footprints of the boys were found by officials. A vigil is held outside the cave by relatives.[197]

25 June: Thai Navy SEAL divers enter the cave to search for the team.[197]

26 June: Having arrived at a T-junction, divers were pushed back due to floodwaters. The floodwaters blocked an elevated air pocket near Pattaya Beach, where divers believe the team may have been stranded.[197]

27 June: British and a US military team of divers and experts were sent to Thailand to help with the search. Divers re-entered but quickly retreated due to another flooding.[197][198]

28 June: Heavy rains caused the rescue operation to stop temporarily. In order to drain the water, pumps were delivered. Drones were dispatched to assist more than 600 people in search of new vents in the cave roof.[197][198]

29 June: Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha visited the site.[197]

30 June: The search resumed after divers took advantage of a brief pause in the rainfall. They advanced further, but still were far from where they believed the boys might be stranded.[197]

1 July: As divers went deeper into the cave, they established a temporary operating base in which diving cylinders and other supplies were set up.[197]

2 July: The team were found alive in the evening by the British diving team, 400 m (1,300 ft) further than Pattaya Beach.[197] around 20:20.[35]

3 July: Seven Thai Navy divers, including a doctor and a medic, went to deliver food, medicine and supplies to the boys, including high calorie gels and paracetamol.[197] Four of them, including Pak Loharnshoon, a diving medic, volunteered to stay with the boys inside the cave for a week until all 12 were extracted.[199] They would be the last team to exit the cave.[200]

4 July: The team were taught how to use a full face diving mask and breathing apparatus as rescue teams worked on pumping water from the cave.[197]

5 July: The rescue was forced to move quicker due to expected rain. Another group searched the mountains for any new cracks or openings.[197]

6 July: Saman Kunan, a former Thai navy diver and volunteer of the rescue mission, died between 01:00 to 02:00 while placing diving cylinders underwater along the route to the stranded boys.[201] Authorities urged that the rescue happen more quickly, due to low oxygen levels.[197]

7 July: The rescue chief claimed that it was not suitable for the team to dive yet. More than 100 vents were being drilled in an attempt to reach the team. A letter appeared from the coach of the team, apologising to the boys' parents.[17][197]

8 July: Eighteen international divers, led by four British and two Australian divers,[98] and five Thai military SEALs divers went into the cave to begin bringing the boys to safety.[95][96] The first boy was reported to have come out at around 17:40, and the fourth one was reported to have come out at around 19:50,[202] though not all sources agree. The four boys were taken to a nearby hospital. It was announced that divers would not resume the rescue for at least another 10 hours, as they needed to replenish supplies.[197]

9 July: Four more boys were confirmed to be out of the cave and then taken to the hospital. It was also announced that the boys would be kept in quarantine.[203]

10 July: The remaining four boys and their coach were rescued.[204][3][4][5] It was later confirmed that all of the rescue divers had also successfully exited the cave.[204][205]

Legacy

The head of the rescue mission and former governor of Chiang Rai province, Narongsak Osottanakorn, said that the cave system would be turned into a living museum to highlight how the operation unfolded. Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha acknowledged the statement but highlighted the concerns for tourist safety, stating that precautions would have to be added and correctly implemented both inside and outside to safeguard tourists.[206][207][208]

Following the incident, Thailand's Navy SEALs will include cave-diving in their training regimen to be better prepared for similar emergencies.[209]

As three of the boys and their coach are stateless persons, the event has also drawn media attention to the issue of statelessness. Officials confirmed that the three boys and their coach will be granted full Thai citizenship.[210] The Thai government has vowed to end statelessness by 2024.[211]

Possible film

On 10 July, a managing partner of US film production company Pure Flix announced that the firm was planning to create a feature film based on the rescue, with potential for worldwide release.[212] Ivanhoe Pictures of SK Global Entertainment also expressed interest in a separate project, with Jon Chu slated as the director.[213]

See also

References

  1. ^ Safi, Michael; Thoopkrajae, Veena (8 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue begins as four of 12 boys freed in day of drama". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Former Thai Navy SEAL dies in rescue operation for soccer team trapped in cave". MassLive. 6 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b c Staff (10 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue: all 12 boys and coach successfully rescued – live – Three Thai navy divers and medic remain in cave at close of operation in northern Thailand – 08:06 am/et/usa". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c Neumann, Scott; Chappell, Bill (10 July 2018). "All 12 Boys And Their Coach Are Rescued From Thai Cave, After 2 Weeks". NPR. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ a b c Staff (10 July 2018). "Thai Cave Live Updates: All 13 Are Free After Weeks of Ordeal – 08:24 am/et/usa". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ "Diver dies in Thailand cave rescue attempt". BBC News. 6 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Thailand cave rescue: Boys appear in new video, 'I am healthy'". CNN. 4 July 2018. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Monsoon rains could damper rescue efforts to save soccer team in Thailand cave". ABC News. 5 July 2018.
  9. ^ McKirdy, Euan; Olarn, Kocha; Berlinger, Joshua. "Thai rescue: Hopes high 4 boys, coach will be freed from cave Tuesday". CNN. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ a b c Solomon, Feliz. "Why It's So Hard to Rescue the Thai Team Trapped in a Cave". Time. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Dispatch Live: WATCH | Agonising rescue ahead for Thai cave boys as nation rejoices Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ เอกพล จันทะวงษ์ on Facebook.
  13. ^ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44876108
  14. ^ a b Olarn, Kocha; Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (3 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Soccer team found alive one kilometer underground". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ [1]
  16. ^ Safi, Michael (5 July 2018). "Left behind: the two Thai boys who missed out on disastrous cave trip". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ a b Staff (8 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Four boys freed but rest must wait". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ a b "Four more boys rescued from Thai cave". BBC. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ Mahtani, Shibani (7 July 2018). "'He loved them more than himself': How a 25-year-old former monk kept the Thai soccer team alive". The Washington Post.
  20. ^ "How a 25-year-old ex-monk kept the Thai cave boys alive – and won the hearts of their parents". South China Morning Post. 8 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  21. ^ a b Wright, Rebecca; Clarke, Hilary (15 July 2018). "British diver recalls Thai cave rescue: 'Are we heroes? No'". CNN. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  22. ^ a b "British cave rescue diver involvement in the Luang Nang Non, cave rescue incident, Thailand" (Press release). British Cave Rescue Council. 28 June 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  23. ^ "Timeline of young footballers, coach being trapped in Mae Sai cave, Chiang Rai". Thai PBS. 25 June 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  24. ^ Vejpongsa, Tassanee (26 June 2018). "Flooding complicates cave search for Thai soccer team". The Washington Post. AP. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ "Search Suspended for Boys in Flooded Cave in Thailand". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ "British divers join rescue effort at Thai cave for football team". The Daily Telegraph. 28 June 2018. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ Leoni, Victoria (5 July 2018). "US airmen assisting with rescue of stranded Thai soccer team". AIr Force Times. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  28. ^ "Update: AFP statement on Thai cave rescue" (Press release). Australian Federal Police. 5 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  29. ^ "Chinese Experts Joining Search and Rescue of Teenage Football Team of Thailand" (Press release). Embassy of The People's Republic of China in The Kingdom of Thailand. 29 June 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  30. ^ a b "Update on the cave search and rescue operation in Tham Luang Nang Non Cave, Thailand" (Press release). British Cave Rescue Council. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  31. ^ Pond, Matt (7 July 2018). "CAVE MAN: Phuket diver Ben Reymenants relives four days in Tham Luang cave rescue mission". The Phuket News.
  32. ^ a b Richard Harris (13 July 2018). "Facebook post with photo". Retrieved 20 July 2018 – via Facebook.
  33. ^ "Breakthrough in the cave search and rescue operation in Tham Luang Nang Non Cave, Thailand". British Cave Rescue Council. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  34. ^ "Drones, dogs, drilling and desperation". BBC. 30 June 2018. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  35. ^ a b c d "Missing Thai boys 'found alive' in caves". BBC News. 2 July 2018. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ a b Smith, Nicola (5 July 2018). "Hero diver heads back to Britain as rescuers race to drain water inside Thai cave". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  37. ^ Mackintosh, Eliza (9 July 2018). "Parents of trapped Thai boys haven't been told if their children were rescued". CNN. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ Roy, Eleanor Ainge (3 July 2018). "British divers at heart of Thai cave rescue among best in world". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  39. ^ "Thailand cave rescue: Children found 'by smell'". BBC News. 13 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  40. ^ Paddock, Richard C.; Suhartono, Muktita (3 July 2018). "Thailand Cave Rescue Turns to How to Extract Trapped Soccer Team". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  41. ^ a b "How the Thai cave rescue mission unfolded". South China Morning Post. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  42. ^ Wongcha-um, Panu (3 July 2018). "Found alive on 10th day, Thai boys' cave ordeal not over". Reuters. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ "Thai NavySEAL". Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018 – via Facebook. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  44. ^ "Thai official says all 12 boys and their coach found alive in cave where they went missing". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ "Coming home: Thai boys found alive in caves as Brits help out". Metro. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  46. ^ a b c d "Who are the Thai boys who were trapped in a cave?". BBC News. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  47. ^ a b "Thailand Cave Rescue Live Updates: 3 Boys and Coach Are Out, 9 to Go". The New York Times.
  48. ^ a b c d "Statelessness a Hurdle for Some Boys Rescued From Thai Cave". Khaosod English. Associated Press. 17 July 2018.
  49. ^ a b "Thai cave rescue – first four boys saved pictured as eight teammates and coach forced to wait another day". The Sun. 8 July 2018.
  50. ^ a b c hermesauto (13 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Stateless survivors to get help to become Thai citizens". straitstimes.com. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  51. ^ "The Thai boys and their coach are all free". news.com.au. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  52. ^ Bacon, John. "Video shows rescued Thai soccer players waving to parents, loved ones". USA Today. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  53. ^ "Mission accomplished: All Tham Luang survivors safely rescued". Thai PBS. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  54. ^ a b "Cave hero praises Wild Boars, coach". Bangkok Post. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  55. ^ "Video shows stranded Thai boys smiling with rescuer in cave". ABC 7. 4 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  56. ^ "Trapped Thai Soccer Team Sends a Message From the Cave". Time. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  57. ^ "Diver dies in Thailand cave rescue attempt". BBC News. 6 July 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  58. ^ BBC News | Thailand cave: Medics reach boys as rescuers weigh options Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  59. ^ a b c Mark Willacy (Reporter); Lucy Carter (Producer); Jeanavive McGregor (Producer); Sarah Ferguson (presenter) (16 July 2018). Out Of The Dark. Four Corners (Television production). Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
  60. ^ "'Don't worry', Thai boys write from cave". BBC News. 7 July 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  61. ^ Dvorak, Phred; Watts, Jake Maxwell (11 July 2018). "The Thai Cave Rescue, Before Its Triumph, Teetered on the Brink of Disaster". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 19 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  62. ^ a b c Beech, Hannah; Paddock, Richard C.; Suhartono, Muktita (12 July 2018). "'Still Can't Believe It Worked': The Story of the Thailand Cave Rescue". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  63. ^ Bressan, David. "Why Hydrogeology Plays Such An Important Role In The Thailand Cave Rescue Operations". Forbes. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  64. ^ Viswanathan, Radhika; Barclay, Eliza (7 July 2018). "The 4 risky options to rescue the Thai boys trapped in a cave, explained – The boys may have to swim out of the cave, accompanied by a "buddy" expert diver". Vox. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ "Thai boys 'could be in cave for months'". BBC News. 3 July 2018. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  66. ^ a b "Thai cave rescue: 12 boys and coach to get 4 months' food, diving training". The Straits Times. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  67. ^ a b "Thai cave rescuers in 'race against the rain'". BBC News. 5 July 2018. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  68. ^ a b c Safi, Michael (5 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: army drains site in bid to free boys before monsoon". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  69. ^ Reymenants, Ben (3 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue: medics reach boys". The Guardian (live updates). Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ Reynolds, Emma (10 July 2018). "How first eight were rescued from Thai cave". news.com.au. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  71. ^ Thailand cave rescue: How first four boys got out, news.com.au
  72. ^ a b c "How might the trapped Thai boys be rescued?". BBC News. 4 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  73. ^ "Thai boys 'can walk but can't dive yet'". BBC News. 6 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  74. ^ "Thailand cave rescue: Diving expert explains the dangers of trying to lead the children to safety?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  75. ^ "Thai rescuers search for other entrances to flooded cave". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  76. ^ Staff (5 July 2018). "Thailand cave: Rescuers in race against weather as rains close in". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  77. ^ George, Steve; Olarn, Kocha. "Thailand cave rescue: Search teams unsure how to free boys". CNN. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  78. ^ Scutti, Susan (6 July 2018). "How a lack of oxygen is affecting the Thai soccer team". CNN. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  79. ^ a b Ives, Mike; Paddock, Richard C.; Suhartono, Muktita (6 July 2018). "Thai Cave Rescue Will Be a Murky and Desperate Ordeal, Divers Say". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  80. ^ "Thailand cave rescue: Boys tell parents 'don't worry' in letters". BBC. 7 July 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  81. ^ Scutti, Susan. "How a lack of oxygen is affecting the Thai soccer team". CNN. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  82. ^ Staff (6 July 2018). "Inside the Thai Cave: How Rescuers Are Trying to Save a Soccer Team – interactive". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  83. ^ "Four Thai boys rescued but rest must wait". BBC News. 8 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  84. ^ Mahtani, Shibani; Hendrix, Steve; McLaughlin, Timothy (13 July 2018). "'Time is running out': Inside the treacherous rescue of boys trapped in a Thai cave". The Washington Post. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  85. ^ hermesauto (5 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Farmers happy even though fields ruined to help clear exit for trapped boys". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  86. ^ "Thailand cave rescue: Volunteers inadvertently pumped water back into tunnels". USA Today. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  87. ^ a b Cheung, Helier (6 July 2018). "Thai cave boys unite community in hope". BBC News. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  88. ^ "Ex-Seal Saman posthumously promoted". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  89. ^ Olarn, Kocha; McKirdy, Euan; Dewan, Angela (6 July 2018). "Thai cave rescuers face race against time as oxygen levels drop". CNN. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  90. ^ "Diver dies in Thailand cave rescue attempt". BBC News. 6 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  91. ^ "Former Thai navy SEAL working to rescue soccer team trapped in cave dies from lack of oxygen, authorities say". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. 5 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  92. ^ Busby, Mattha (6 July 2018). "Thai navy Seals pay tribute to diver who died in cave rescue". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  93. ^ "Ex-Seal Saman posthumously promoted". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  94. ^ "Thai king honours hero Navy Seal who died during cave rescue". SBS News. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  95. ^ a b "Thailand cave rescue: Mission to save boys under way". BBC World News. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  96. ^ a b "Thailand rescue: Divers start mission to free boys trapped in cave". CNN. 8 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  97. ^ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44876108
  98. ^ a b c "A tense but joyful outcome for the cave rescue at Tham Luang Nang Non Cave" (Press release). British Cave Rescue Council. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  99. ^ hermesauto (9 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Four more boys rescued, health of five remaining in cave 'still good'". The Straits Times. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  100. ^ "Last boy was out – but hero cave divers were still in deep water". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  101. ^ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44876108
  102. ^ "Last boy was out – but hero cave divers were still in deep water". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  103. ^ ""This is madness": A rescue diver on what it was like to save the Thai boys in the cave". Vox. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  104. ^ "'If those were my boys, what would I do?', S'porean rescue diver's first thoughts at Thai cave". TODAYonline. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  105. ^ "Last boy was out – but hero cave divers were still in deep water". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  106. ^ a b Thepgumpanat, Panarat (16 July 2018). "Thailand gave diplomatic immunity to Australian medical team in cave rescue". Reuters. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  107. ^ Willacy, Mark; Carter, Lucy (15 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Australian diver Craig Challen confirms boys and coach heavily sedated for rescue mission". Four Corners. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  108. ^ "First hospital video emerges of Thai boys". BBC News. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  109. ^ Viswanathan, Radhika (11 July 2017). "How the 12 Thai boys were finally rescued". vox.com. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  110. ^ "Thai cave rescue running 'smoothly'". BBC News. 8 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  111. ^ "Thailand Cave Rescue Live Updates: Four Boys Are Out, 9 to Go". The New York Times. 8 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  112. ^ Lyons, Kate; Busby, Mattha (8 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue: navy Seals confirm four boys have been rescued – live". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  113. ^ George, Steve. "Thai rescue: Divers start mission to free boys trapped in cave". CNN. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  114. ^ a b (now), Mattha Busby; (earlier), Kate Lyons; Safi, Michael (8 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue: first two boys brought out, local official tells Reuters – live". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  115. ^ "First boys 'rescued from Thailand cave'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  116. ^ Doubek, James (8 July 2018). "Report: 2 Of 12 Boys Rescued From Cave In Thailand". NPR News. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  117. ^ "First boys 'rescued from Thailand cave'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  118. ^ "Thai Cave Rescue Live Updates: 8th Person Is Out". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  119. ^ Paddock, Richard C. (10 July 2018). "How Rescuers Pulled Off the Impossible in a Treacherous Thai Cave". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  120. ^ "'Time is running out': Inside the treacherous rescue of boys trapped in a Thai cave". Washington Post. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  121. ^ Safi, Michael (14 July 2018). "'We don't know how it worked': the inside story of the Thai cave rescue". the Guardian. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  122. ^ Safi, Michael (11 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: water pumps failed just after last boy escaped". the Guardian. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  123. ^ Mahtani, Shibani (7 July 2018). "'He loved them more than himself': How a 25-year-old former monk kept the Thai soccer team alive". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  124. ^ "How coach Chanthawong helped trapped Thai boys survive inside the cave". The Times of India. Associated Press. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  125. ^ "Cave divers ready to rescue last five". BBC News. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  126. ^ "Thai cave rescue: Boys lost two kilograms during weeks in cave". CNN. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  127. ^ McKirdy, Euan (9 July 2018). "Thai rescue: Hopes high 4 boys, coach will be freed from cave Tuesday". CNN. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  128. ^ Tanakasempipat, Patpicha. "Mammoth medical operation awaits trapped Thai cave boys". Reuters. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  129. ^ a b Safi, Michael (10 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue operation ends with all 12 boys safe". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  130. ^ "Classmates yearn for safe return of boys trapped in cave". Bangkok Post. Agence France-Presse. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  131. ^ "Paper cranes of hope for Thai cave rescue". BBC News. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  132. ^ "Families cling to hope as Thai cave rescue enters day seven". London Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  133. ^ Dvorsky, George. "Former Navy Diver Dies in Thai Cave While Working to Rescue Trapped Boys". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  134. ^ "Thais hold ceremony to appease cave goddess disturbed by soccer team's rescue". ABC News. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  135. ^ "Chided in the West, cave-rescued coach is seen as saintly in Thailand". Public Radio International. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  136. ^ CNN, Rebecca Wright and Hilary Clarke,. "British diver on Thai cave rescue: 'Are we heroes? No'". CNN. Retrieved 15 July 2018. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  137. ^ Sai, Philip Sherwell, Mae (15 July 2018). "Exclusive interview with Thai cave dive hero Vernon Unsworth: 'If the Brits hadn't been called in, it would have been too late'". The Sunday Times. ISSN 0956-1382. Retrieved 15 July 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  138. ^ Parry, Richard Lloyd (14 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: calm voice of coach helped boys to beat despair in the darkness". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  139. ^ Massola, James (9 July 2018). "'He's the one I trust': Coach praised as 'real hero' in Thai cave saga". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  140. ^ Agencies (11 July 2018). "Coach Ekkapol, the unlikely stateless hero of Thai cave drama". The Straits Times. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  141. ^ Parry, Richard Lloyd (14 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: calm voice of coach helped boys to beat despair in the darkness". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  142. ^ "Father of youngest Thai cave survivor describes how boys became trapped, coach's response". Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  143. ^ Premack, Rachel (10 July 2018). "Meet the 25-year-old coach of the Thai soccer team who was trapped in a cave for 17 days — here's what could happen to him now that they've all been rescued". Business Insider.
  144. ^ Bacon, John (5 July 2018). "'Hero or zero?': Thailand abuzz over coach who led boys into cave – then kept them alive". USA Today.
  145. ^ Thepgumpanat, Panarat; Niyomyat, Aukkarapon (6 July 2018). "Thailand's trapped boys: careless or courageous?". Reuters.
  146. ^ "Thailand cave rescue" (Press release). Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  147. ^ Minister for Defence Marise Payne (11 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue operation" (Press release). Department of Defence. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  148. ^ a b "Thai cave rescue: International team deployed to aid massive search and rescue effort". The Straits Times. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  149. ^ a b "Cave rescue: The divers who got the Thai boys out". BBC. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  150. ^ Kft., Webra International (4 July 2018). "The Visegrad Group: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia – Babis offers help in rescuing Thai boys from flooded cave". visegradgroup.eu. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  151. ^ https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/478275-bahno-35-stupnu-ostre-jeskyne-cesti-hasici-popsali-zachranu-thajskych-chlapcu.html
  152. ^ "Finnish diver helping Thai rescuers says possible crack in cave may save boys". YLE. 4 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  153. ^ "Rescue from Thai cave: Indian firm experts pitch in with tech support". 11 July 2018.
  154. ^ "Israeli technology to the rescue for cave-trapped Thai boys". The Jerusalem Post. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  155. ^ "Thai cave rescue: Farmers happy even though fields ruined to help clear exit for trapped boys". news.com.au. 5 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  156. ^ "ซาบซึ้งน้ำใจ ลาวส่งทีมกู้ภัยช่วยเด็กติดถ้ำ ในถ้ำหลวงเชียงราย". ไทยรัฐออนไลน์. 27 June 2018.
  157. ^ "ภารกิจถ้ำหลวง: รู้จักทีมกู้ภัยนานาชาติที่มาช่วยค้นหาทีมฟุตบอลหมูป่าอะคาเดมี". BBC News. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  158. ^ "บ้านเมือง - สถานทูตสหรัฐแถลงการณ์ห่วง 13 ชีวิตติดถ้ำหลวง". Banmuang.co.th. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  159. ^ Dutch water specialists arrive in Thailand to support cave rescue, DutchNews.nl, 9 July 2018
  160. ^ "Вода продолжает прибывать в пещеру, где застряли дети". vesti.ru. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  161. ^ "МЧС готово помочь в спасении заблокированных в пещере в Таиланде школьников". RT на русском (in Russian). Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  162. ^ "Further deployment of British cave rescue divers to Thailand". British Cave Rescue Council. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  163. ^ "Luang Nang Non – Cave Rescue Incident". British Cave Rescue Council. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  164. ^ "Further progress on the rescue operation to bring the boys out of Tham Luang Nang Non Cave". British Cave Rescue Council. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  165. ^ a b Oliphant, Roland; Horton, Helena (9 July 2018). "Meet the seven British divers playing leading roles in the Thai cave rescue mission". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  166. ^ "Key questions on Thai cave rescue". BBC News. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  167. ^ "Tham Luang Nang Non Cave, Thailand – BCRC Update2". British Cave Rescue Council. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  168. ^ "The Brits behind the Thai cave boys search". BBC News. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  169. ^ "Tham Luang Nang Non Cave, Thailand – Supplement". British Cave Rescue Council. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  170. ^ Lunn, Rosemary E. "Cave divers Mallinson and Jewel fly out to Thailand"". X-Ray Magazine. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  171. ^ "Cave boys rescue diver 'not a hero'". BBC News. 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  172. ^ Horton, Helena; Lowe, Yohannes (13 July 2018). "British diver describes 'electric' feeling after rescuing trapped Thai boys from cave". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  173. ^ Lunn, Rosemary E. "Two more Brit cave rescuers fly to Thailand today". X-Ray Magazine. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  174. ^ "How the U.S. Military Helped Support the Thai Cave Rescue". Popular Mechanics. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  175. ^ "Throng of volunteers gather to rescue Thai boys trapped in cave". Reuters. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
  176. ^ "МЧС готово помочь в спасении заблокированных в пещере в Таиланде школьников". RT на русском (in Russian). Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  177. ^ Yusof, Zaihan (12 July 2018). "Thai cave rescue: Singaporean diver who took part in risky operation says it was 'touch and go'". The Straits Times. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  178. ^ "El buzo español que participó en el rescate de Tailandia" (in Spanish). El Pais. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  179. ^ "ผู้ว่าฯ สั่งเดินหน้าพร่องน้ำถ้ำหลวงคืนนี้ นักประดาน้ำทีมสวีเดนถึงเชียงรายแล้ว" (in Thai). MGR Online. 25 June 2018. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  180. ^ "Порятунок дітей у затопленій печері в Таїланді: в операції брав участь дайвер з України". hromadske.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  181. ^ "French team ready to join cave rescue – if Thailand asks". khaosodenglish.com. 7 July 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  182. ^ Lyons, Kate (11 July 2018). "'The Great Escape': newspapers around the world share joy of Thai cave rescue". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  183. ^ Glaser, April. "Elon Musk Is Trying to Aid the Thai Cave Rescue by Sending His Engineers and Brainstorming on Twitter". Slate. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  184. ^ "Elon Musk says SpaceX is building a 'kid-sized submarine' to rescue trapped soccer team". The Verge. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  185. ^ "Arcata's Wing Inflatables, SpaceX collaborate on Thailand cave rescue". madriverunion.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  186. ^ "Answering Elon Musk's call for help to build Thailand's cave rescue pod in 24 hours". teslarati.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  187. ^ Ferris, Robert (10 July 2018). "Elon Musk says his 'mini-submarine' can be used for other things". CNBC. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  188. ^ "Thai cave rescue: Elon Musk delivers tiny submarine, rescuers say no thanks". ABC News. 10 July 2018. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  189. ^ Rawlinson, Kevin (10 July 2018). "Elon Musk queries expertise of Thai cave rescue officials". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  190. ^ Chris Baynes (14 July 2018). "Elon Musk can 'stick his submarine where it hurts', says British caver who helped rescue Thai schoolboys". Independent. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  191. ^ David Z. Morris (15 July 2018). "Elon Musk Calls Diver in Thai Soccer Team Rescue a Pedophile". Fortune. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  192. ^ "Richard Stanton email correspondence". twitter.com. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  193. ^ "Thai cave rescue: FIFA president Gianni Infantino invites boys to World Cup final". Goal.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  194. ^ "Thai cave rescue: 2 boys may have pneumonia, says health official". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  195. ^ "Thai cave rescue: Fifa, Man Utd & Kyle Walker offer support to young players". BBC. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  196. ^ "Boy's football team rescued from Thailand cave get invite from Manchester United and touching offer from England star Kyle Walker". Talksport.com. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  197. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Thai cave rescue: a timeline". Yahoo!. 8 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  198. ^ a b Vejpongsa, Tassanee (18 June 2018). "Thai rescuers search for other entrances to flooded cave". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  199. ^ News, A. B. C. (16 July 2018). "'Superman' doctor who cared for soccer team in cave reunites with boys in hospital". ABC News. Retrieved 17 July 2018. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  200. ^ "Hollywood wants in on Thai cave story drama". Ballina Shire Advocate. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  201. ^ May, Ashley (6 July 2018). "Who was the former Thai Navy SEAL who died during cave rescue operations to save soccer team?". USA Today. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  202. ^ "Thai Cave Rescue Live Updates: 8th Person Is Out". The New York Times. 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
  203. ^ Davidson, Tom. "Thailand cave rescue live: Mission to free remaining four boys and football coach "could take days" because of weather". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  204. ^ a b Staff (10 July 2018). "Thailand cave rescue: all 12 boys and coach successfully rescued – live – Last three Thai navy divers and medic have also left cave, ending perilous operation in northern Thailand – 10:49 am/et/usa". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  205. ^ "Thailand Cave rescue: All divers are now out of the cave". BBC News. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via YouTube.
  206. ^ Wongcha-um, Panu. "Thailand's Tham Luang cave to become museum to showcase boys' rescue". Reuters. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  207. ^ Hutchinson, Bill. "With all odds against them, here's how rescuers pulled off 'miracle' Thai cave mission". ABC News. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  208. ^ Brown, Ruth (9 July 2018). "Popular Thai governor fired, but keeps cave rescue gig". New York Post. Retrieved 13 July 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  209. ^ "Thailand's Navy SEALs Will Add Cave-Diving to Their Training". Time. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  210. ^ "'Stateless' Thai boys and coach to be given citizenship after cave rescue". The Independent. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  211. ^ "What's Next For The Rescued Thai Soccer Team?". Fortune. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  212. ^ Maresca, Thomas (10 July 2018). "Out of the cave, onto the big screen: Hollywood has its sights on gripping Thai rescue". CNBC. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  213. ^ McNary, Dave (12 July 2018). "Second Thai Cave Rescue Movie in the Works". Variety. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
Wikinews has related news:
Wikinews has related news:
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2018 Tham Luang cave rescue.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tham_Luang_cave_rescue&oldid=851090124"