Cities along the Silk Road
Along the continental Silk Road
From Istanbul, Turkey to Mashhad, Iran:
- Constantinople (now Istanbul), Turkey
- Bursa, Turkey
- Antioch, Turkey
- Konya, Turkey
- Adana, Turkey
- Aleppo, Syria
- following the river Euphrates until Fallujah
- Ramadi, Iraq
- Fallujah, Iraq
- Abu Ghraib, Iraq
- Baghdad, Iraq
- Baquba, Iraq
- Kermanshah, Iran
- Hamadan, Iran
- Tehran, Iran
- Hecatompylos (was probably located between present Damghan and Shahrud), Iran
- Sabzevar, Iran
- Neyshabur, Iran
- Mashhad, Iran
From Masshad, Iran to Turpan, China (See below: northern route along the Taklamakan desert):
- Merv, Turkmenistan
- Urgench, Turkmenistan
- Bukhara, Uzbekistan
- Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan
- Hazrat-e Turkestan, Kazakhstan
- Ürümqi, China
Ruins of Muhammad II's palace in Old Urgench.
From Masshad, Iran to Kashi, China:
- Herat, Afghanistan
- Bamyan, Afghanistan
- the famous Buddhas of Bamyan destroyed by the Taliban in 2001
- Kabul, Afghanistan
- Peshawar, Pakistan
- Ahmedabad, India
- Mumbai, India
- Kashi (or Kashgar), China
From Kabul, Afghanistan to Arabian Sea port at Debal, Pakistan
- Kabul, Afghanistan
- Peshawar, Pakistan
- Taxila, Pakistan
- Multan, Pakistan
- Debal, Pakistan
- Egypt
- Babylon
- Arabia
- Persia
- India
- Ceylon
The northern route along the Taklamakan desert from Kashi, China to Anxi, China:
- Aksu, China
- Karakorum, Mongolia
- Kuqa or Kucha, China
- Korla, China
- Jiaohe, China
- Loulan, China
- Turpan or Turfan, China
- Kumul/Hami, China
The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasavi in the town of Hazrat-e Turkestan. Built by Timur in the 1390s.
The southern route along the Taklamakan desert from Kashi, China to Anxi, China:
- Hotan or Khotan, China
- Minfeng (Niya), China
- Minghoshan (Dunhuang or Tunhuang), China
- the Mogao Caves
From Anxi, China to Xi'an, China:
Korea
Japan
Along the Silk Road of the sea
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- Debal
- Quanzhou
- Guangzhou
- Columbo
- Goa
- Mumbai
- Cochin
- Masulipatnam
- Lothal
- Astrakhan
- Derbent
- Aden
- Suez
- Ayas
- Venice