London Borough of Camden
London Borough of Camden | |
---|---|
![]() Camden shown within Greater London | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Constituent country | England |
Region | London |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Created | 1 April 1965 |
Admin HQ | Town Hall, Judd Street, St Pancras, London |
Government | |
• Type | London borough council |
• Body | Camden London Borough Council |
• Leadership | Leader & Cabinet (Labour) |
• Mayor | Councillor Jenny Headlam-Wells |
• London Assembly | Andrew Dismore (Lab) AM for Barnet and Camden |
• MPs |
|
• EU Parliament | London |
Area | |
• Total | 8.4 sq mi (21.8 km2) |
• Rank | 287th (of 296) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 218,049 |
• Rank | 87th (of 296) |
• Density | 26,000/sq mi (10,000/km2) |
• Ethnicity[1] |
|
Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
Postcodes | |
Area code | 020 |
ONS code | 00AG |
GSS code | E09000007 |
Police | Metropolitan Police |
Website | www.camden.gov.uk |
The London Borough of Camden is a borough in Northwest London; it forms part of Inner London. Historically in Middlesex, some southern (more central) areas of the borough, such as Holborn, are sometimes described as part of the West End of London.[2] The local authority is Camden London Borough Council.[3]
History
The borough was created in 1965 from the former area of the metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn, and St Pancras, which had formed part of the County of London.[4] The borough was named after Camden Town, which had gained its name from Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden in 1795.[5] The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and the surrounding areas in great detail from 1829–1848. Sir Jan inspired many of his art works in this area.[6]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/London_-_Camden_Town_by_Horst_Michael_Lechner.jpg/220px-London_-_Camden_Town_by_Horst_Michael_Lechner.jpg)
There are 162 English Heritage blue plaques[7] in the borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there.[8]
Districts and environs
The borough was formed in 1965 from the merger of the metropolitan boroughs of St Pancras, Hampstead and Holborn. The first two of these had there origins in medieval Ancient Parishes of the same name, while Holborn was formed by a union of much smaller units.
The southern part of the borough is in the Central Activities Zone including Holborn, Bloomsbury and King's Cross. The northern part of the borough includes the less densely developed areas of Hampstead, Hampstead Heath and Kentish Town. Neighbouring boroughs are the City of Westminster and the City of London to the south, Brent to the west of the originally Roman Watling Street (now the A5 Road), Barnet and Haringey to the north and Islington to the east. It covers all or part of the N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas.
Politics
Camden London Borough Council
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Camden_London_UK_labelled_ward_map_2002.svg/220px-Camden_London_UK_labelled_ward_map_2002.svg.png)
Camden Town Hall is located in Judd Street in St Pancras. Camden London Borough Council was controlled by the Labour Party continuously from 1971 until the 2006 election, when the Liberal Democrats became the largest party. In 2006, two Green Cllrs, Maya de Souza and Adrian Oliver, were elected (to Highgate Ward) and were the first Green Party councillors in Camden. In 1985 when the borough was rate-capped, the Labour leadership joined the rebellion in which it declared its inability to set a budget in an unsuccessful attempt to force the Government to allow higher spending. Camden was the fourth to last council to drop out of the campaign, doing so in the early hours of 6 June.
Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2002 the electoral wards in Camden are Belsize, Bloomsbury, Camden Town with Primrose Hill, Cantelowes, Fortune Green, Frognal and Fitzjohns, Gospel Oak, Hampstead Town, Haverstock, Highgate, Holborn and Covent Garden, Kentish Town, Kilburn, King's Cross, Regent's Park, St Pancras and Somers Town, Swiss Cottage and West Hampstead.
Between 2006 and 2010 Labour lost two seats to the Liberal Democrats through by-elections, in Kentish Town and Haverstock wards. A Labour Councillor in Haverstock ward also defected to the Liberal Democrats in February 2009. The Conservatives also lost two seats, one to the Liberal Democrats in Hampstead, and one to the Green Party, Alexander Goodman, in Highgate, taking the total number of Green Party Councillors to three. At the local elections on 6 May 2010 the Labour party regained full control of Camden council.
The organisation's staff are led by the Chief Executive who is currently Mike Cooke. The organisation is divided into five directorates:
- Housing and Adult Social Care
- Children, Schools and Families
- Culture & Environment
- Central Services:
- Finance
- Legal
- Strategy and Organisation Development
- Chief Executives Department
The directorates are headed by a director who reports directly to the Chief Executive. Each directorate is divided into a number of divisions headed by an assistant director. They, in turn, are divided into groups which are themselves divided into services. This is a similar model to most local government in London.
London Assembly
Camden forms part of the Barnet and Camden London Assembly constituency, represented by Andrew Dismore of the Labour Party
UK Parliament
There are two parliamentary constituencies covering Camden: Hampstead and Kilburn in the north, represented by Labour's Tulip Siddiq, and Holborn and St. Pancras in the south, represented by Labour's Keir Starmer.
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1801 | 96,795 | — |
1811 | 124,741 | +28.9% |
1821 | 158,077 | +26.7% |
1831 | 192,228 | +21.6% |
1841 | 228,950 | +19.1% |
1851 | 270,197 | +18.0% |
1861 | 301,408 | +11.6% |
1871 | 332,619 | +10.4% |
1881 | 363,830 | +9.4% |
1891 | 376,500 | +3.5% |
1901 | 362,581 | −3.7% |
1911 | 349,184 | −3.7% |
1921 | 335,408 | −3.9% |
1931 | 322,212 | −3.9% |
1941 | 286,956 | −10.9% |
1951 | 255,558 | −10.9% |
1961 | 231,143 | −9.6% |
1971 | 209,097 | −9.5% |
1981 | 161,100 | −23.0% |
1991 | 181,489 | +12.7% |
2001 | 198,027 | +9.1% |
2011 | 220,338 | +11.3% |
Source: A Vision of Britain through time |
In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by the new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded slums around St Pancras and Holborn.
After World War II, further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in the Blitz, and there was an exodus from London towards the new towns under the Abercrombie Plan for London (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around Kings Cross. A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is the lowest rate in London.[9]
The 2001 census gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600.[10] The projected 2006 figure is 227,500.
On 20 May 1999, the Camden New Journal newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as a characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health Dr. Maggie Barker of "stark contrasts in" health and education opportunities – of earlier similar Audit Commission findings and a verification/update of the 1999 CNJ report.[11]
The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 census in Camden.
Ethnicity
Ethnic Group | 2001[12] | 2011[13] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | |
White: British | 104,390 | 52.72% | 96,937 | 43.99% |
White: Irish | 9,149 | 4.62% | 7,053 | 3.20% |
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller | 167 | 0.08% | ||
White: Other | 31,357 | 15.84% | 41,898 | 19.02% |
White: Total | 144,896 | 73.17% | 146,055 | 66.29% |
Asian or Asian British: Indian | 4,574 | 2.31% | 6,083 | 2.76% |
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | 1,250 | 0.63% | 1,489 | 0.68% |
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | 12,569 | 6.35% | 12,503 | 5.67% |
Asian or Asian British: Chinese | 3,470 | 1.75% | 6,493 | 2.95% |
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | 2,158 | 1.09% | 8,878 | 4.03% |
Asian or Asian British: Total | 24,021 | 12.13% | 35,446 | 16.09% |
Black or Black British: African | 11,795 | 5.96% | 10,802 | 4.90% |
Black or Black British: Caribbean | 3,635 | 1.84% | 3,496 | 1.59% |
Black or Black British: Other Black | 944 | 0.48% | 3,762 | 1.71% |
Black or Black British: Total | 16,374 | 8.27% | 18,060 | 8.20% |
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | 1,654 | 0.84% | 2,494 | 1.13% |
Mixed: White and Black African | 1,224 | 0.62% | 1,800 | 0.82% |
Mixed: White and Asian | 1,983 | 1.00% | 3,880 | 1.76% |
Mixed: Other Mixed | 2,568 | 1.30% | 4,148 | 1.88% |
Mixed: Total | 7,429 | 3.75% | 12,322 | 5.59% |
Other: Arab | 3,432 | 1.56% | ||
Other: Any other ethnic group | 5,023 | 2.28% | ||
Other: Total | 5,300 | 2.68% | 8,455 | 3.84% |
Black, Asian, and minority ethnic: Total | 53,124 | 26.83% | 74,283 | 33.71% |
Total | 198,020 | 100.00% | 220,338 | 100.00% |
Major public or private bodies
- The Architectural Association
- Birkbeck, University of London
- The British Library
- British Medical Association
- The British Museum
- Cancer Research UK
- Central School of Speech and Drama
- Euston station
- Fordham University (London Centre)
- Francis Crick Institute
- Friends House
- Great Ormond Street Hospital
- Goodenough College
- Lincoln's Inn
- King's Cross railway station
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (part of University of London)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
- National Union of Students
- Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
- Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
- Royal College of Anaesthetists
- Royal College of General Practitioners
- Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
- Royal College of Physicians
- Royal College of Surgeons
- Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
- Royal Free Hospital
- Royal Veterinary College (Camden Campus)
- Senate House (University of London)
- School of Oriental and African Studies
- Slade School of Fine Art
- St Pancras Hospital
- St Pancras railway station
- Student Central
- Trades Union Congress (TUC)
- University College Hospital
- University College London
- The University of Law
- University of London Union
- Wellcome Trust
- Working Men's College
Economy
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2012) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/2_Triton_Square%2C_London_-_Santander.jpg/220px-2_Triton_Square%2C_London_-_Santander.jpg)
Santander UK has its head office in the borough.[14][15] Atlantic Books has its headquarters in the borough.[16] Previously Forte Group had its head office in the borough.[17]
Camden has the seventh largest economy in the UK.[18]
Attractions
- See also Camden parks and open spaces
- Bloomsbury Theatre
- BT Tower
- Camden Arts Centre
- Camden catacombs (see also Catacombs of London)
- Camden Market
- Parts of Covent Garden
- Dickens House
- Dominion Theatre
- Drama Centre London
- Fenton House
- Foundling Museum
- Freud Museum
- Grant Museum of Zoology
- Gray's Inn
- Hampstead Cemetery
- Hampstead Heath
- Hatton Garden
- Highgate Cemetery
- Jewish Museum London
- Keats' House
- Kenwood House
- Lincoln's Inn
- Parliament Hill Lido
- Phoenix Garden
- The eastern part of Regent's Park is in the borough
- The Roundhouse
- Russell Square
- Shaftesbury Theatre
- Sir John Soane's Museum
- Upstairs at The Gatehouse
- World's End (Camden)
- London Zoo
- London Astoria
- Electric Ballroom
- Wellcome Collection
- Primrose Hill
- St. Pancras Library
Education
The London Borough of Camden is the local education authority for the borough, organised through the Children, Schools and Families directorate.
Transport
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CamdenLock.jpg/220px-CamdenLock.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Eurostar_at_St_Pancras_Jan_2008.jpg/220px-Eurostar_at_St_Pancras_Jan_2008.jpg)
Buses
All bus services are operated by Transport for London. Buses serve every suburb in the borough.
Rail
National Rail
Three of the fourteen central London's railway terminals are located in the borough. Euston, St Pancras and Kings Cross are the London termini for the West Coast, Midland and East Coast Main Lines and also High Speed 1. This connects the borough with the East of England, East Midlands, West Midlands, North East & West England, North Wales, Scotland, South East England, France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
Since 14 November 2007 when St Pancras International became the new terminus of Eurostar, a major regeneration of the area has occurred with the King's Cross Central development happening behind the station.
London Overground's North London Line services run through the borough serving Camden Road, Kentish Town West, Gospel Oak, Hampstead Heath, Finchley Road & Frognal and West Hampstead. London Overground also operates the Watford DC Line services from Euston serving South Hampstead, trains continue to Watford in Hertfordshire.
Thameslink route services serve St Pancras, Kentish Town and West Hampstead Thameslink stations. Currently the Thameslink network is undergoing a major expansion project called the Thameslink Programme. This will link more places in Southern England to the borough and to the East of England. While some services on the Great Northern network, which currently terminate at King's Cross will be diverted onto the Thameslink network, all work is due to be complete by 2016.[19]
Underground
London Underground services are provided by the Circle, Central, Hammersmith & City, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly and Victoria lines, these all serve Template:LUL stations apart from the Central and Jubilee lines. Other stations in the borough – Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Tottenham Court Road, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations, Template:LUL stations and Template:LUL stations are scattered around the borough.
Future
A proposed rail or underground line called the Chelsea-Hackney line (also known as Crossrail 2 and the Chelney line) would run through the borough serving King's Cross St Pancras tube station. The line would run between Template:LUL stations and Wimbledon.
The formerly proposed Cross River Tram was going to start in the borough of Camden but was scrapped by the Mayor of London in 2008.[20]
Travel to work
In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 21.5% of all residents aged 16–74; on foot, 9.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 9.2%; driving a car or van, 6.3%; work mainly at or from home, 5.2%; train, 4.1%; bicycle, 4.1%.[21]
Speed limit
From 16 December 2013, Camden Council introduced a borough-wide speed limit of 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), except on Transport for London red routes.[22][23] This is to make roads safer for cyclists and pedestrians.
Police
Camden is policed by the Metropolitan Police Service. There are two police stations across the borough, situated at Holborn and Kentish Town. There are various other contact points around the borough including West Hampstead, Greenland Road, Highgate Road, Station House (Swiss Cottage), West End Lane, Old Hampstead Town Hall and Kingsway College. All locations have varying opening hours with Kentish Town Police Station open to the public on a 24-hour basis.
Hampstead Heath, situated within the London Borough of Camden and managed by the City of London Corporation, has its own Constabulary who deal with everyday incidents on the Heath, however, all serious criminal offences are passed to the Metropolitan Police to investigate.
With a large London Underground network and major railway stations such as King's Cross, St Pancras and Euston, Camden also has a much larger presence of British Transport Police (BTP) than many other London boroughs. BTP are responsible for policing Great Britain's railway network.
London Fire Brigade
The area has four fire stations: Belsize, Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead) and they are operated by London Fire Brigade in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender.[24][25]
See also
References
- ^ 2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales, Office for National Statistics (2012). See Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom for the full descriptions used in the 2011 Census.
- ^ https://www3.camden.gov.uk/westendproject/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project-Overview-for-website-1.pdf LBC website describing improvements in a part of the borough they refer to as 'West End'
- ^ "Camden Council: About the Council". www.camden.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
- ^ Vision of Britain – Camden LB Archived 27 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Mills, A., Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names, (2001)
- ^ https://www.facebook.com/pages/William-Copeland-Astbury/133515880158978?fref=ts
- ^ https://www.london.gov.uk/in-my-area/camden Camden
- ^ "Search Blue Plaques". Blue plaques search – Camden. English Heritage. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- ^ "London's Poverty Profile". Trust for London. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- ^ Camden Council – Camden Key Facts 2001–2016[permanent dead link]
- ^ see the DFES Children Act report (2000); The Health Divide by Voluntary Action Camden; Health Inequalities in Camden Dr. Maggie Barker, a public Health Report; "Seen But Not Heard" an Audit Commission report based on research carried out mainly in Camden; and The Moral State We're In by Dame Julia Neuberger, former chair of Camden Community Health Services NHS Trust, et al.
- ^ "KS006 - Ethnic group". NOMIS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ "Ethnic Group by measures". NOMIS. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ "Ward Map." London Borough of Camden. Retrieved on 28 May 2014.
- ^ "Registered Office details" (Archive). Santander UK. Retrieved on 28 May 2014. "Santander UK plc. Registered Office: 2 Triton Square, Regent’s Place, London NW1 3AN. United Kingdom"
- ^ "Contact Us Archived 14 January 2013 at archive.today." Atlantic Books. Retrieved on 9 November 2012. "Atlantic Books, Ormond House, 26–27 Boswell Street, London, WC1N 3JZ"
- ^ "Contact Information." Forte Group. Retrieved on 2 August 2001. "166 High Holborn London WC1V 6TT United Kingdom"
- ^ https://www.london.gov.uk/in-my-area/camden Camden
- ^ Thameslink Programme: About the project Archived 5 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 27 July 2010
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7712002.stm
- ^ "2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 23 November 2013. Percentages are of all residents aged 16–74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.
- ^ "20mph speed limit in Camden – Camden Council". Camden Council. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
- ^ "Speed limits – Camden Council". Camden Council. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile - ^ London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile Archived 3 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)