Jump to content

Colombo crime family

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 2a02:c7f:be04:700:ed40:dfab:9d73:1d7 (talk) at 20:46, 4 November 2020 (→Third Family War (1991–1993): ditto). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Colombo crime family
Joseph Colombo, the namesake of the family was the boss from 1963 to 1971.
Founded1928; 96 years ago (1928)
Founded byJoe Profaci
Named afterJoseph Colombo, Sr.
Founding locationNew York City, United States
Years activec. 1928–present
TerritoryVarious neighborhoods in New York City, New York. Territory in Long Island, Massachusetts, South Florida, Las Vegas, and Los Angeles.
EthnicityPeople of Italian descent as "made men", and other ethnicities as "associates"
Membership (est.)112 made members and 500 associates (2004)[1]
Criminal activitiesArms trafficking, arson, assault, battery, bribery, burglary, cigarette smuggling, chop shop, conspiracy, contract killing, counterfeiting, drug trafficking, extortion, fencing, fraud, illegal gambling, larceny, loansharking, money laundering, murder, racketeering, robbery, skimming, theft, truck hijacking, tax evasion, and protection racket.
AlliesBonanno crime family
Gambino crime family
Lucchese crime family
Genovese crime family
DeCavalcante crime family
Patriarca crime family
Chicago Outfit
New Orleans crime family
Buffalo crime family
RivalsVarious gangs over NYC including their allies

The Colombo crime family (/kəˈlɒm.boʊ/, Italian pronunciation: [koˈlombo]) is the youngest of the "Five Families" that dominates organized crime activities in New York City, United States, within the nationwide criminal organization known as the American Mafia. It was during Lucky Luciano's organization of the American Mafia after the Castellammarese War, and the assassinations of Giuseppe "Joe The Boss" Masseria and Salvatore Maranzano, that the gang run by Joseph Profaci was recognized as the Profaci crime family.

The family traces its roots to a bootlegging gang formed by Joseph Profaci in 1928. Profaci would rule his family without interruption or challenge until the late 1950s.[2][3] The family has been torn by three internal wars. The first war took place during the late 1950s when capo Joe Gallo revolted against Profaci, but it lost momentum in the early 1960s when Gallo was arrested and Profaci died of cancer. The family was not reunited until the early 1960s under Joseph Colombo. In 1971, the second family war began after Gallo's release from prison and the shooting of Colombo. Colombo supporters led by Carmine Persico won the second war after the exiling of the remaining Gallo crew to the Genovese family in 1975. The family would then enjoy over 15 years of peace under Persico and his string of acting bosses.

In 1991, the third and bloodiest war erupted when acting boss Victor Orena tried to seize power from the imprisoned Carmine Persico. The family split into factions loyal to Orena and Persico, and two years of mayhem ensued. It ended in 1993, with 12 family members dead and Orena imprisoned, leaving Persico the winner more or less by default. He was left with a family decimated by war. Persico continued to run the family until his death in 2019, but it has never recovered from the war. In the 2000s, the family was further crippled by multiple convictions in federal racketeering cases and numerous members becoming government witnesses. Many levels of law enforcement believe that the Colombo crime family is the weakest of the Five Families of New York City.[4] On March 7, 2019, longtime family boss Carmine Persico died in prison.[5]

History

Origins

In September 1921, Joseph Profaci arrived in New York City from Villabate, Sicily, Italy.[2] After struggling in Chicago with his businesses, Profaci moved back to Brooklyn in 1925 and became a well-known olive oil importer. On September 27, Profaci obtained his American citizenship.[2] With his olive-oil-importing business doing well, Profaci made deals with friends from his old town in Sicily, and one of his largest buyers was Tampa mobster Ignazio Italiano. Profaci controlled a small criminal gang that operated mainly in Brooklyn. The dominant Cosa Nostra groups in Brooklyn were led by Frankie Yale, Giuseppe Masseria, Nicolo Schirò and capo di tutti capi Salvatore "Toto" D'Aquila.

On July 1, 1928, Yale was murdered by Chicago Outfit boss Al Capone's hit-men.[6] Capone murdered Yale because Yale refused to give Capone, a Neapolitan, control over the Unione Siciliana fraternal association.[6][7] Yale's murder allowed Profaci and his brother in-law Joseph Magliocco to gain territory for their small gang,[2] including territory in Bensonhurst, Bay Ridge, Red Hook and Carroll Gardens, while the rest of Yale's group went to the Masseria family.

On October 10, 1928, D'Aquila was murdered, resulting in a fight for D'Aquila's territory.[2] To prevent a gang war in Brooklyn, a Mafia meeting was called on December 5, 1928, at the Statler Hotel in Cleveland, Ohio. The site was chosen because it was neutral territory outside New York under Porrello crime family control and protection. The main topic was dividing D'Aquila's territory.[2] Attendees representing Brooklyn included Profaci, Magliocco, Vincent Mangano (who reported to D'Aqulia family boss Manfredi Mineo), Joseph Bonanno (who represented Salvatore Maranzano and the Castellammarese Clan), Chicago mobsters Joseph Guinta and Pasquale Lolordo, and Tampa mobster Ignazio Italiano.[2] At the end of the meeting, Profaci received a share of D'Aqulia's Brooklyn territory, with Magliocco as his second-in-command.

The Castellammarese War

Main article: Castellammarese War

Months after the D'Aquila murder, Joe Masseria began a campaign to become capo di tutti capi ('boss of bosses') in the United States demanding tribute from the remaining three Mafia groups in New York City which included the Reina family, the Castellammarese Clan and the Profaci family.[8] Castellammarese Clan boss Salvatore Maranzano began his own campaign to become 'boss of bosses', this started the Castellammarese War. Masseria along with his ally Alfred Manfredi, the new boss of the D'Aquila family ordered the murder of Gaetano Reina. Masseria believed that Reina was going to support Maranzano to become the new 'boss of bosses'. On February 26, 1930, Gaetano Reina was murdered and Masseria appointed Joseph Pinzolo as the new boss of the Reina family. During the war Profaci remained neutral, while he secretly supported Maranzano.

The Castellammarese War ended when Charles "Lucky" Luciano, a Masseria lieutenant, betrayed him to Maranzano. Luciano set up the murder of Masseria on April 15, 1931.[8] Maranzano then became the new capo di tutti capi in the United States. Within a few months, Maranzano and Luciano were plotting to kill each other. On September 10, 1931, Luciano had Maranzano killed and created the Mafia Commission. Now there would be five independent Cosa Nostra families in New York City and twenty one additional families across the United States that were regulated by a supreme Commission in New York. Profaci and Magliocco were confirmed as boss and underboss, respectively, of what was now known as the Profaci crime family.[8]

First Family War (1960–1963)

Joseph Profaci in 1959.

Joseph Profaci had become a wealthy Mafia boss and was known as "the olive-oil and tomato paste king of America".[9] One of Profaci's most unpopular demands was a $25 monthly tribute from every soldier in his family. In the late 1950s, capo Frank "Frankie Shots" Abbatemarco became a problem for Joe Profaci. Abbatemarco controlled a lucrative policy game that earned him nearly $2.5 million a year with an average of $7,000 a day in Red Hook, Brooklyn.[9][10] In early 1959, Abbatemarco, with the support of Gallo brothers and the Garfield Boys, began refusing to pay tribute to Profaci.[10] By late 1959, Abbatemarco's debt had grown to $50,000 and Profaci allegedly ordered Joe Gallo to murder Abbatemarco. However, other versions of the story indicate that Gallo played no part in this murder.[10] In return for Abbatemarco's murder, Profaci allegedly agreed to give the Gallos control over Abbatemarco's policy game.[11] On November 4, 1959, Frank Abbatemarco walked out of his cousin's bar in Park Slope, Brooklyn and was shot and killed by Joseph Gioielli and another hitman.[10][12] Profaci then ordered the Gallos to hand over Abbatemaro's son Anthony. The Gallos refused and Profaci refused to give them the policy game. This was the start of the first family war.[10] The Gallo brothers and the Garfield boys (led by Carmine Persico) were aligned against Profaci and his loyalists.[9][11]

On February 27, 1961 the Gallos kidnapped four of Profaci's top men: underboss Magliocco, Frank Profaci (Joe Profaci's brother), capo Salvatore Musacchia and soldier John Scimone.[9] Profaci himself eluded capture and flew to sanctuary in Florida.[9] While holding the hostages, Larry and Albert Gallo sent Joe Gallo to California. Profaci's consigliere Charles "the Sidge" LoCicero negotiated with the Gallos and all the hostages were released peacefully.[13] However, Profaci had no intention of honoring this peace agreement. On August 20, 1961 Joseph Profaci ordered the murder of Gallo members Joseph "Joe Jelly" Gioielli and Larry Gallo. Gunmen allegedly murdered Gioilli after inviting him to go deep sea fishing. Gallo survived a strangulation attempt in the Sahara club of East Flatbush by Carmine Persico and Salvatore "Sally" D'Ambrosio after a police officer intervened.[9][11] The Gallos then began calling Persico "The Snake"; he had betrayed them, the war continued on resulting in nine murders and three disappearances.[11]

In late November 1961, Joe Gallo was sentenced to seven-to-fourteen years in prison for murder.[14] In 1962, Joe Profaci died of cancer, leaving Joe Magliocco, his longtime underboss, as the new boss. The war continued on between the two factions. In 1963, Carmine Persico survived a car bombing and his enforcer Hugh McIntosh was shot in the groin as he attempted to kill Larry Gallo.[14] On May 19, 1963, a Gallo hit team shot Carmine Persico multiple times, but Persico survived.[14]

In 1963, Joseph Bonanno, the head of the Bonanno crime family, made plans to assassinate several rivals on the Mafia Commission—bosses Tommy Lucchese, Carlo Gambino, and Stefano Magaddino, as well as Frank DeSimone.[15] Bonanno sought Magliocco's support, and Magliocco readily agreed. Not only was he bitter from being denied a seat on the Commission, but Bonanno and Profaci had been close allies for over 30 years prior to Profaci's death. Bonanno's audacious goal was to take over the Commission and make Magliocco his right-hand man.[16] Magliocco was assigned the task of killing Lucchese and Gambino, and gave the contract to one of his top hit men, Joseph Colombo. However, the opportunistic Colombo revealed the plot to its targets. The other bosses quickly realized that Magliocco could not have planned this himself. Remembering how close Bonanno was with Magliocco (and before him, Profaci), as well as their close ties through marriages, the other bosses concluded Bonanno was the real mastermind.[16] The Commission summoned Bonanno and Magliocco to explain themselves. Fearing for his life, Bonanno went into hiding in Montreal, leaving Magliocco to deal with the Commission. Badly shaken and in failing health, Magliocco confessed his role in the plot. The Commission spared Magliocco's life, but forced him to retire as Profaci family boss and pay a $50,000 fine. As a reward for turning on his boss, Colombo was awarded the Profaci family.[16]

Colombo and Italian American Civil Rights League

The Commission rewarded Colombo for his loyalty by awarding him the Profaci family, which he renamed the Colombo family. The 41-year-old Colombo was the youngest boss in New York at the time, and the first New York Mafia boss to have been born and raised in the United States.

Along with former Gallo crew member Nicholas Bianco and New England family boss Raymond Patriarca, Colombo was able to end the war.[9] As a reward for his loyalty, Bianco was made into the Colombo family.[17] As boss, Colombo brought peace and stability to the broken crime family. However, some Cosa Nostra bosses viewed Colombo as Carlo Gambino's "puppet boss" and felt he never deserved the title.[9] Colombo's leadership was never challenged due to his support from Carlo Gambino. In 1968, Gallo crew leader Larry Gallo died of cancer.[9]

In April 1970, Colombo founded the Italian-American Civil Rights League, dedicated to fighting discrimination against Italian-Americans. Many mobsters disapproved of the League because it brought unwanted public attention to the Cosa Nostra.[9] Colombo ignored their concerns and continued gaining support for his league. On June 29, 1970, Colombo held the first league rally.[18] In 1971, months before the second demonstration, the other New York bosses ordered their men to stay away from the demonstration and not support Colombo's cause. In a sign that the New York bosses had turned on Colombo, the league's chief organizer, Gambino family capo Joseph DeCicco, resigned ostensibly due to ill health.[9] In 1971, Joe Gallo was also released from prison. At the time of his release, Gallo said the 1963 peace agreement did not apply to him because he was in prison when it was negotiated.[19] As a supposedly conciliatory gesture, Colombo invited Gallo to a peace meeting with an offering of $1,000.[20] Gallo refused the invitation, wanting $100,000 to stop the conflict, to which Colombo refused, instigating the Second Colombo War.[21] At that point, acting boss Vincenzo Aloi issued a new order to kill Gallo.[21]

Second Family War (1971–1975)

On June 28, 1971, Colombo held the second league rally at Columbus Circle in Manhattan.[9] As Colombo prepared to speak, a black man, Jerome A. Johnson, walked up to Colombo and shot him in the back of the head three times; seconds later, Colombo's bodyguards shot Johnson to death.[9] The shooting did not kill Colombo but left him paralyzed for the last seven years of his life; he died of natural causes on May 22, 1978.[22] Although many in the Colombo family blamed Joe Gallo for the shooting, the police eventually concluded that Johnson was a lone gunman after they had questioned Gallo.[19]

Colombo's consigliere Joseph Yacovelli became the family acting boss, and he directed a new campaign to murder Joe Gallo and his crew.[22] On April 7, 1972, acting on a quick tip, four gunmen walked into Umberto's Clam House in Little Italy and killed Joe Gallo as he was dining with his family.[22] Looking for revenge, Albert Gallo sent a gunman from Las Vegas to the Neapolitan Noodle restaurant in Manhattan, where Yacovelli, Alphonse Persico, and Gennaro Langella were dining one day. However, the gunman did not recognize the mobsters and shot four innocent diners instead, killing two of them.[23] After this assassination attempt, Yacovelli fled New York, leaving Carmine Persico as the new boss.[24]

The Second Colombo war continued on and off for the next several years. In 1975, the Gallo faction itself split into two groups that started fighting each other. To finally resolve the conflict, the New York families negotiated an agreement in which Albert Gallo and his remaining crew left the Colombo family and peacefully joined the Genovese family. The Gallo wars were finally over.[25]

The family under Persico

Following the high-profile media exposure of Joseph Colombo and the murderous excesses of Joe Gallo, the Colombo family entered a period of comparative calm and stability. With Colombo in a coma, the family leadership went to Thomas DiBella, a man adept at evading the authorities since his sole bootlegging conviction in 1932. However, DiBella was unable to prevent the Gambino family from chipping away at Colombo rackets, and the Colombos declined in power.[26] Poor health forced DiBella to retire in 1977, and Colombo died in 1978. The Colombo family was facing another power vacuum.

Gennaro "Gerry Lang" Langella

During the 1970s, Carmine Persico had grown in stature within the family and was considered to be the clear successor as boss. However, in 1973, Persico was imprisoned on hijacking and loan-sharking charges, and sentenced to eight years in prison.[27] His incarceration coincided with the release of his brother Alphonse from 17 years in prison. Persico designated Alphonse as acting boss with support as underboss from Gennaro Langella and Carmine's other brother, Theodore. Langella supervised various labor rackets for the family, including their stake in "Concrete Club", and exerted control over various labor unions, including Cement and Concrete Workers District Council, Local 6A.[28] In 1979, Carmine was released from federal prison. In November 1981, he was convicted of conspiracy and racketeering charges, and sentenced to five years in prison.[29]

On February 25, 1985, nine New York Mafia leaders, including Langella followed by Persico, were indicted for narcotics trafficking, loansharking, gambling, labor racketeering and extortion against construction companies, as part of the Mafia Commission Trial.[30] Prosecutors aimed to strike at all the crime families at once using their involvement in the Commission.[31] Seven of the defendants were convicted of racketeering on November 19, 1986,[32] with Persico and Langella each sentenced on January 13, 1987, to 100 years' imprisonment.[33][34] In the separate Colombo Trial, Persico was sentenced to 39 years' imprisonment, Langella to 65 years' imprisonment, and Alphonse Persico to 12 years, on November 17, 1986.[35]

Mafia historian and The New York Times organized-crime reporter Selwyn Raab later wrote that the Colombos suffered more long-term damage than any other family as a result of the Commission Trial. Raab pointed out that Persico was by far the youngest boss in New York and "at the peak of his abilities." Although he was 53 years old at the time of the Commission Trial, he had already headed the family for 14 years. In contrast, the other New York bosses were in their seventies and likely would have ceded power to mafiosi of Persico's generation even if they had not been sent to prison. Raab believed that Persico would have had a long reign ahead of him had the trial not intervened.[8]

Although Persico knew he would never resume active control of the family, he was determined to ensure that his take of the family's illicit gains would continue to flow to his relatives.[8] He had already named Alphonse as acting boss after his arrest, and retained Alphonse in that post after his arrest. However, not long afterward, Alphonse skipped bail from a loansharking arrest. Persico then named a three-man ruling panel to run the family. In 1988, he dissolved the panel and named Victor Orena, the capo of Little Allie Boy's former crew in Brooklyn, as temporary acting boss. Persico made clear that Orena was merely a placeholder until Little Allie Boy could return to the streets. However, Persico empowered Orena to induct new members and order murders on his own authority–two prerogatives rarely granted to an acting boss.

Third Family War (1991–1993)

By 1991, Orena had come to believe Persico was out of touch and causing the family to miss out on lucrative opportunities. He was also alarmed at Persico's plans for a made-for-television biography, fearing that prosecutors could use it as evidence in the same way they had used Joe Bonanno's tell-all book as evidence in the Commission Trial. He therefore decided to take over the family himself.[8] Using his strong ties to Gambino boss John Gotti, Orena petitioned the Mafia Commission to recognize him as boss. Unwilling to cause more conflict, the Commission refused. Orena then instructed consigliere Carmine Sessa to poll the capos on whether Orena should replace Persico. Instead, Sessa alerted Persico that Orena was staging a palace coup. An enraged Persico ordered a hit on Orena. On June 21, 1991, when Orena arrived at his home in Cedarhurst on Long Island, he found gunmen under Sessa's leadership waiting for him. However, Orena managed to escape before the gunmen could strike. The third Colombo war had begun. Orena sent his younger brother Michael "Mickey Brown" Orena's two sons Michael and younger son William "Willy Boy" Orena into Brooklyn on a murder mission. It is unclear what roles the two brothers played in the murders during the war, but F.B.I agents are certain they were responsible for the disappearance of 15 associates and business partners of the Orena clan. William "willy Boy" Orena was picked up getting off of the Fire Island Ferry in Sayville Long Island, in his possession were 8 pistols believed to be used in the bloodshed and $43,000 in cash. During Willy Boy's stay at the Riverhead County Jail, all eight of the firearms disappeared from the evidence locker.[26]

Twelve people, including three innocent bystanders, died in this gang war, and 18 associates have never been seen again.[36] More than 80 made members and associates from both sides of the Colombo family were convicted, jailed or indicted. These included Persico's brother Theodore "Teddy" Persico and his son Alphonse Persico, DeRoss, Orena's nephews William V Orena his older brother Micheal Orena and Orena's two sons, Victor, Jr. Orena and John Orena. While both sides appealed to the Commission for help, the war continued. In November 1991, Gregory Scarpa, a Persico loyalist, was driving his daughter and granddaughter home when several Orena gunmen ambushed them. Scarpa and his relatives managed to escape.

The war continued until 1992, when Orena was convicted of racketeering, the 1989 Ocera murder, and other related charges.[37] He received three life sentences plus 85 years in federal prison.[38] 58 soldiers and associates—42 from the Persico faction and 16 from the Orena faction—were sent to prison. Raab later wrote that Persico's attempts to keep control of the family from prison nearly destroyed it. By his estimate, 70 of the family's members and associates were convicted as a result of the war, and the family was down to around 75 made members.[8]

While the Colombo war raged, the Commission refused to allow any Colombo member to sit on the Commission[39] and considered dissolving the family. Lucchese underboss Anthony Casso proposed to merge the family with his own to end the war,[40] while in 2000 plans were proposed to split its manpower and resources among the remaining families.[41] In 2002, with the help of Bonanno family boss Joseph Massino, the other families finally allowed the Colombos to rejoin the Commission.

The family after Third Colombo War

Mugshot of Ralph DeLeo

With Orena out of the picture, the way was clear for "Little Allie Boy" to become acting boss after his release in 1994. In 1994, Carmine Persico appointed Andrew Russo as acting boss. When Russo went to prison in 1996, Alphonse Persico took over as acting boss.[42] In 1999, he was arrested in Fort Lauderdale after being caught in possession of a pistol and shotgun; as a convicted felon he was barred from carrying guns. Shortly afterward, he ordered the murder of underboss William "Wild Bill" Cutolo, an Orena supporter during the Third Colombo War. Cutolo's son, vowing revenge, offered to wear a wire and pose as a prospective Colombo associate. Based on evidence from this wire, Little Allie Boy was indicted on RICO charges. Realizing he stood no chance of acquittal, he pleaded guilty to the state charges in February 2000 and to the RICO charges in December 2001. In 2004, Alphonse Persico and underboss John "Jackie" DeRoss were indicted for the Cutolo murder. In December 2007, both men were convicted and sentenced to life in prison. Family consigliere Joel "Joe Waverly" Cacace took over running the family until 2003 when he was imprisoned on murder and racketeering charges.

The family then came under the influence of Thomas "Tommy Shots" Gioeli, who took over as street boss. In June 2008, Gioeli, underboss John "Sonny" Franzese, former consigliere Joel Cacace, captain Dino Calabro, soldier Dino Saracino and several other members and associates, including Orlando "Ori" Spado,[43][44] were indicted on multiple racketeering charges including loan sharking, extortion and three murders dating back to the Colombo Wars.[45][46][47] Alphonse Persico was sentenced to life imprisonment on February 27, 2009, for the Cutolo murder.[48]

After Gioeli was imprisoned, Ralph F. DeLeo, who operated from Boston, Massachusetts, became the family's street boss. On December 17, 2009, the FBI charged DeLeo and Colombo family members with drug trafficking, extortion and loansharking in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Florida and Arkansas.[49][50][51][52]

During the twenty-tens

With DeLeo imprisoned, Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo, once again took control of the family. On January 20, 2011, street boss Andrew Russo, acting underboss Benjamin Castellazzo, consigliere Richard Fusco, and others were charged with murder, narcotics trafficking, and labor racketeering.[53][54] In September 2011, Castellazzo and Fusco pleaded guilty to reduced charges.[55] In December 2011, it was revealed that capo Reynold Maragni wore a wire for the FBI and gained information about Thomas Gioeli's role in the 1999 murder of William Cutolo.[56]

On July 11, 2018, four associates and members of the Colombo crime family were part of a 32-count indictment, some of the charges included money laundering, racketeering, illegal gambling and extortion. The crimes allegedly took place between December 2010 and June 2018 predominantly in Brooklyn and Staten Island.[57][58] Two made members of the Colombo family Vito DiFalco and Jerry Ciauri were among the accused.[59][60] Gambino crime family soldier Anthony Licata was also indicted.[59]

On March 7, 2019, Colombo family boss Carmine Persico died in prison.[5] On October 3, 2019 capo Joseph Amato along with Daniel Capaldo and Thomas Scorcia were indicted on 2014 Staten Island extortion and loansharking charges.[61]

Historical leadership

Boss (official and acting)

Street boss

  • 1987 — Ruling Panel – Benedetto Aloi, Vincent "Jimmy" Angelino and Joseph T. Tomasello – disbanded September 1987[76]
  • 1991–1993 — Joseph T. Tomasello[77]
  • 1993–1994 — Ruling Panel – Joseph T. Tomasello, Theodore "Teddy" Persico and Joseph Baudanza – disbanded 1994
  • 1994–1996 — Alphonse "Little Allie Boy" Persico – became acting boss
  • 1996–1999 — Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo – imprisoned
  • 2000–2003 — Joel "Joe Waverly" Cacace – imprisoned January 2003
  • 2003–2008 — Thomas "Tommy Shots" Gioeli[78] – imprisoned June 2008
  • 2008–2009 — Ralph F. DeLeo[51] – operated from New England, imprisoned December 2009[49]
  • 2009–2010 — Ruling Panel – Theodore N. Persico, Jr. (jailed)[79] and others
  • 2010–present — Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo[74][80] – jailed January 2011[53]

Underboss (official and acting)

Consigliere (official and acting)

  • 1931–1954 — Salvatore Profaci – Joseph Profaci's brother; died[95]
  • 1954–1963 — Carlaggero "Charles the Sidge" LoCicero[96][97][98] – murdered 1968[99]
  • 1963–1969 — Benedetto D'Alessandro[98]
  • 1970–1971 — Joseph "Joey Yack" Yacovelli – became acting boss 1971[100]
  • 1973–1977 — Alphonse "Allie Boy" Persico – Carmine Persico's brother; promoted to underboss[66]
  • 1977–1983 — Thomas "Old Man" DiBella[101] – stepped down
  • 1983–1988 — Alphonse "Allie Boy" Persico[102][103][104] – Carmine Persico's brother; died in 1989[66]
    • Acting 1983–1986 — Thomas "Old Man" DiBella[102] – retired
    • Acting 1987–1988 — Vincent "James" Angellino[76]
  • 1988–1993 — Carmine Sessa
    • Acting 1988–1991 — Benedetto "Benny" Aloi – promoted to acting underboss
    • Acting 1991–1993 — Vacant – disputed leadership during the third war
  • 1993–1999 — Vincenzo "Vinny" Aloi
  • 1999–2008 — Joel "Joe Waverly" Cacace – promoted to acting boss
  • 2008–2011 — Richard "Richie Nerves" Fusco – jailed January 2011[4][53]
  • 2011–present — Thomas "Tom Mix" Farese[105] In December 2012, Farese was acquitted of money laundering charges. He currently operates in South Florida.

Factions of the third war

The Colombo crime family divided into two factions during the third family war (1991 to 1993).

The Persico faction[106]

The Orena faction[108]

Current family members

Administration

  • Boss – Unknown after boss Carmine Persico died on March 7, 2019 in prison.[5]
  • Acting Boss – Alphonse "Little Allie Boy" Persico – is Carmine Persico's son and Acting boss of the family.[109] In 2009, Alphonse was sentenced to life in prison and is currently in the FCI McKean in Pennsylvania.[110] In March 2019, his father and longtime boss Carmine Persico died in prison. He is currently the highest ranking member in the family until a new boss is chosen.
  • Street boss – Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo – is Carmine Persico's cousin.[111] In November 1986, Russo was sentenced to 14 years, he was released on July 29, 1994 under special parole conditions.[73] In August 1999, Russo was convicted of jury tampering and sentenced to 57 months, he was also sentenced to 123 months for both parole violation and his involvement in a racketeering case of a Long Island carting company.[72] In March 2010, after his parole period expired, Russo became street boss. In January 2011, Russo was indicted on federal racketeering charges.[53] On March 21, 2013, Russo was sentenced to thirty three months for racketeering.[112] He was released from prison in 2013.[113]
  • Underboss – Benjamin "The Claw" Castellazzo[4] – the former capo of the Gravesend Brooklyn crew. In 2000, Castellazzo was indicted along Michael Nobile, Anthony Amoruso, Frank DeVito, Stephen Mignano, Joey Mercuri, and Joseph Wiley on illegal gambling chargers in Gravesend, Brooklyn.[114] On January 20, 2011, Castellazzo was indicted on federal racketeering charges.[53] In September 2011, Castellazzo pleaded guilty to a reduced charge.[55] On January 30, 2013 Castellazzo was sentenced to 63 months in prison.[115][116] Castellazzo was released from federal custody on August 14, 2015.[117]
  • Consigliere – Thomas "Tom Mix" Farese – is Carmine Persico's nephew through marriage. His wife Suzanne is the daughter of the late Alphonse Persico (Carmine Persico's brother).[118] Despite his promotion to consigliere, Farese maintained the control of the Florida faction.[119] During the 1970s, Farese moved from Boston to Fort Lauderdale, Florida where he became friends with Colombo mobster Nicholas Forlano. In July 1978, Farese was inducted into the Colombo family.[118] In 1980, he was convicted of smuggling marijuana, sentenced to 30 years in prison, and he was released in 1994.[118] In 1998, Farese pleaded guilty to money laundering.[118] On January 5, 2012, Farese was indicted on loansharking and money laundering charges in South Florida and was released on bail.[120][105][121] Prosecutors obtained evidence on Farese through a recording device on government informant Reynold Maragni.[121] During his trial in September the judge allowed Farese lawyer to inspect informant Reynold Maragni's wristwatch that contained secret recording device.[122] In December 2012, Farese was acquitted of all charges[123][124]

Caporegimes

Brooklyn faction

  • Theodore N. "Skinny Teddy" Persico, Jr. — capo and son of Theodore Persico. He helped lead the family from 2008 until his arrest in 2009. He worked with his cousins Michael Persico and Lawrence Persico. He was released from prison on May 29, 2020.[125]
  • William "Billy" Russo — a capo and the youngest son of Andrew Russo.[4] His brother Joseph "Jo Jo" Russo died in prison in 2007.
  • Salvatore "Sally Boy" Castagno — a capo of the "Gravesend-Coney Island crew" ( aka "East Third Street Clique") which was previously controlled by Benjamin Castellazzo.[126]

Staten Island faction

  • Joseph Amato — a capo operating a loansharking operation on Staten Island. On October 3, 2019 Amato along with son Joseph Amato, Jr., soldiers Daniel Capaldo and Thomas Scorcia and associate Anthony Silvestro were indicted on 2014 Staten Island extortion and loansharking charges.[61] His son Joseph Amato Jr. lost his million dollar bail because of his father's reputation.[127]

Long Island faction

  • Ralph "Ralphie" Lombardo — a capo and former acting consigliere. Lombardo runs bookmaking and loansharking activities on Long Island. In 1975, Lombardo was convicted of conspiracy of selling stock in an automobile leasing company in New Jersey.[128] In 2003, Lombardo was the consigliere and he was indicted on illegal gambling, loan-sharking and witness tampering.[129] He was released from prison on August 27, 2006.[130]

Soldiers

  • Joel "Joe Waverly" Cacace — a former consigliere and street boss.
  • Michael Uvino — a former capo in 2007. Uvino ran the crew from "The sons of Italy Social Club" in Hauppauge, Long Island.[131] In 2009, Uvino was sentenced to 10 years for running illegal card games on Long Island and for assaulting two men.[132] His release date was May 24, 2016.[133]
  • Michael Catapano — former capo and a nephew of John Franzese extorting gambling clubs on Long Island. Catapano was indicted in 2008, along with acting boss Thomas Gioeli, underboss John "Sonny" Franzese and other members of the crime family.[134] In 2010, Catapano was sentenced to six and half years prison after pleading guilty to the 2003 extorting a pizzeria and a gambling club on Long Island.[135] He was released on April 29, 2016.[136]
  • Joseph Baudanza — former capo with operations in Brooklyn, Manhattan and Staten Island. Baudanza along with his brother Carmine and nephew John Baudanza were arrested and convicted on stock fraud in 2008.[137][138] Baudanza was released from prison in February 2011.[139]
  • Dennis DeLucia — former capo with gambling operations in the Bronx. In 2011, he was indicted along with acting boss Andrew Russo, soldiers Ilario Sessa and Joseph Savarese and Angelo Spata the son-in-law to Carmine Persico.[140] In 2012, he pleaded guilty to extortion of a rival gambling club in the Bronx and before his sentencing his lesbian daughter described him as "a same-sex marriage supporter, despite his role in the Mafia".[141][142] DeLucia was released from prison on July 12, 2013.[143]
  • Thomas "Tommy Shots" Gioeli — former capo and former street boss that operated in Brooklyn, Staten Island and Long Island. In June 2008, along with John Franzese, Joel Cacace, Dino Calabro, Dino Saracino were indicted on multiple racketeering and murders from the third Colombo family War.[46] In 2011, Gioeli's acting capo Paul Bevacqua became a government informant. As of September 2015, Gioeli is incarcerated in federal prison with a projected release date of September 9, 2024.
  • James "Jimmy Green Eyes" Clemenza — a former capo operating in Brooklyn. On August 25, 1961 he tried to strangle Larry Gallo with a rope in a Brooklyn bar.[144] In the mid-1990s, Clemenza along with his brother Gerard "Jerry", and brothers Chris and Anthony Colombo, were placed on the "shelf" for backing Orena during the family war.[145] In 1999, Clemenza along with his brother Jerry were under FBI surveillance attending a dinner in a Little Italy restaurant on Mulberry Street with cast members of "The Sopranos".[146]
  • Vincenzo "Vinny" Aloi – former consigliere, semi-retired in 2008, is residing in Florida.
  • John "Jackie" DeRoss – a soldier serving life in prison after his 2009 conviction for the 1999 William Cutolo murder. DeRoss is a brother-in-law to Carmine Persico and served as underboss from 1999 to 2004.[147][148][149] 
  • Daniel Persico – the son of Theodore Persico. In March 2000, Daniel was arrested and later convicted on a pump and dump stock scam.[150] He was released from prison on November 14, 2003.[151]
  • Vincent Langella – the son of Gennaro Langella. In 2001, Langella pleaded guilty to racketeering conspiracy. On July 3, 2001, he was sentenced to 27 months in prison. Langella was released on April 12, 2005.[152]
  • Thomas Petrizzo – born in 1933 in Brooklyn. Petrizzo was the owner of 4 companies based in New Jersey which he had used to money launder through. In 1985 and 1986, he earned $2.1 million for storing, shaping and delivering steel bars from Milstein Properties.[153] He had a strong influence in the labor unions, specifically the construction industry.[154] Petrizzo provided the steel frames, columns and girders for the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, Battery Park City projects, the new Federal courthouse in Foley Square and many Manhattan skyscrapers. He was promoted to capo during the late 1980s due to his influence in the unions and his multi-million dollar operations, however he was demoted in his old age as a result of power loss. In December 1993, he was arrested alongside 5 other Colombo members. The FBI alleged that he extorted $1.3 million from a Swiss engineering company and camouflaged the payoffs as consulting fees into his own businesses. He was arrested among numerous Colombo associates and members, including his former son-in-law Michael Persico, son of Carmine Persico. The scam consisted of placing vending machines inside Colombo family controlled car dealerships, Petrizzo was also charged with extorting construction debris removal unions at Ground Zero; he was acquitted. In 1996, he pleaded guilty to extortion.[155][156][157]
  • Vincent "Chickie" DeMartino - a soldier. In 1993, DeMartino was sentenced to four years in prison on weapons charges.[158] In 1999, Alphonse Persico ordered DeMartino and Thomas Gioeli to murder William Cutolo. On July 16, 2001, DeMartino and Michael Spataro attempted to murder Joseph Campanella, but failed.[159][160] In May 2004, Campanella testified against DeMartino. DeMartino has a projected release date of January 1, 2025.[161]
  • Anthony "Chucky" Russo - a soldier and cousin to William "Billy" Russo. In the 1990s, Anthony Russo worked closely with his now deceased cousin Joseph "Jo Jo" Russo in Brooklyn and Long Island.[162]
  • Dino “Little Dino” Saracino - born in 1972 in Castellammare del Golfo, Sicily, he and his family moved to Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, shortly after he was born.[163] He was sentenced to 50 years in April 2014 and was sent to a Pennsylvania federal prison to do his time; acquitted of murdering NYPD police officer Ralph Dols although he was convicted of witness tampering, extortion and murder conspiracy. During the Colombo war in the 1990s, Saracino was loyal to Carmine Persico. He plotted to murder Michael Burnside during that time as retribution for taking his brother' life.[164] It is apparent that he became an initiated soldier after either killing Dols in 1997 or high ranking Colombo member Joseph Scopo in 1993 however according to law he was found not guilty.[165] His brother Sebastian "Sebby" Saracino testified against him at his trial. It is known that Saracino was close and a member of Thomas Gioeli's crew.[166] In October 2017, he repealed his conviction and it was denied.

Soldier(s) operating in other territories

  • Massachusetts — Ralph F. DeLeo — from Somerville, Massachusetts he led the New England faction of the family. During the 1990s, while in prison he met Alphonse Persico; when he was released in 1997, he was inducted into the Colombo crime family. In 2008, DeLeo became street boss after Thomas Gioeli was arrested. On December 17, 2009, DeLeo was indicted on racketeering charges from crimes in five different states.[51][167] He is currently imprisoned with a release date of October 2, 2025.[168]
  • California — Dominic "Donnie Shacks" Montemarano — release from prison in 1997, Montemarano moved to Los Angeles and has invested in movies.[169]

Associates

  • Lawrence "Larry" Persico – the son of imprisoned family boss Carmine Persico and brother to Alphonse Persico and Michael Persico. In 2004, Larry was indicted on racketeering charges. His father wrote a letter to the courts defending his son.[170] Lawrence was sentenced on March 11, 2005 and released on December 9, 2005.[171]
  • Michael Joseph Persico – the son of imprisoned family boss Carmine Persico and brother to Alphonse Persico and Lawrence Persico. In 2010, Michael was accused of racketeering conspiracy involving debris removal contracts for the site of the former World Trade Center. In 2011, Michael was indicted for supplying firearms in the 1993 murder of Joseph Scopo.[172]
  • Sean Persico – the son of Theodore Persico and brother to Daniel, Frank and Theodore, Jr., Sean was involved in stock scams.[173]

Family crews

Controlled unions

  • N.Y.C. District Council of Carpenters The Colombo and Genovese families ran the Council from 1991 to 1996, extorting huge amounts of money from several N.Y.C. District Council of Carpenters union locals. Colombo capos Thomas Petrizzo and Vincent "Jimmy" Angellino controlled Council President Frederick Devine. The two crime families illegally used the Council to create hundreds of "no show" absentee jobs for their associates.[175] In 1998, government witnesses Sammy Gravano and Vincent Cafaro testified against Devine. He was found guilty of embezzling union funds and sentenced to 15 months in prison.[176]

Former members and associates

  • Theodore "Teddy" Persico — brother to Carmine Persico, uncle to Alphonse "Little Allie Boy" Persico, and father to Theodore N. Persico, Jr. Theodore, Sr. was a capo in Brooklyn during the 1970s.[119] He served on the family ruling panel from the early 1990s until his arrest and conviction. Theodore, Sr. was released from prison on October 9, 2013.[177] Died in 2017.
  • Richard "Richie Nerves" Fusco – a former consigliere. On January 20, 2011, Fusco was indicted on federal racketeering charges.[53] On September 29, 2011, Fusco pleaded guilty to running a shakedown scheme against the Gambino family;[178] he was sentenced to four months in prison.[55] Fusco was incarcerated at the Metropolitan Detention Center in Brooklyn.[179] Fusco died in September 2013.[180]
  • Michael "Yuppie Don" Franzese – son of underboss Sonny Franzese. Michael organized a highly lucrative gasoline scam racket with the Russian mafia. Franzese was promoted to captain in 1980 and retired in 1995 after he was released from prison.[129][157][181]
  • Joseph "Jo Jo" Russo – the eldest son of Andrew Russo, convicted in 1994 with his cousin Anthony "Chuckie" Russo. Both men received life sentences after former FBI agent Lindley DeVecchio testified against them. In 2007, Joseph Russo died of kidney cancer in prison.[182]
  • Salvatore "Sally" D'Ambrosio – During the 1960s First Colombo War, D'Ambrosio and future boss Carmine Persico attempted to murder mobster Larry Gallo.[96][183] D'Ambrosio also participated in the murder of Joseph Gioelli.
  • Nicholas "Jiggs" Forlano – former capo who ran a loan-sharking operations with Charles "Ruby" Stein. In the 1970s, Forlano moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida and started operating there. In 1977, Forlano died of a heart attack at the Hialeah race track in Florida.[184]
  • Frank "Frankie Shots" Abbatemarco – was born in 1899 and grew up in Red Hook, Brooklyn. During the 1950s, Abbatemarco was a powerful capo in Profaci family controlling Red Hook.[10] On November 4, 1959, Abbatemarco was murdered.[10]
  • Anthony "Big Tony" Peraino – associate who helped finance groundbreaking adult entertainment movie "Deep Throat". Died of natural causes in 1996.
  • Dominick "Little Dom" Cataldo – died in prison 1990
  • Ralph "Little Ralphie" Scopo – influential associate who ran Cement Club for family. Died in prison 1993[185]
  • Ralph Scopo Jr. – son of Ralph Scopo. Died under indictment for extortion in 2013.[186]
  • Antonio Cottone – deported to Sicily, where he became the Mafia boss of Villabate, the home town for the Profaci family. Cotonne was murdered in 1956.[187]
  • Benedetto "Benny" Aloi – capo and brother to Vincent Aloi. During the 1990s Third Colombo war, Aloi was Orena's underboss. In 1991, Aloi was convicted in the Windows Case, was released from prison on March 17, 2009.[188] He died on April 7, 2011.[189]
  • John "Sonny" Franzese – former underboss. He died at age 103 on February 24, 2020.[190]
  • Charles "Moose" Panarella – a hitman who spent time in Las Vegas. Declared mentally unfit for trial, under house arrest. He died on July 18, 2017.[191][192]

Associates

  • Frank Persico - the son of Theodore "Teddy" Persico and cousin of acting Colombo boss Alphonse "Allie" Persico. Frank was a stockbroker who was sentenced to five years in prison for a $15 million stock swindle. Frank was released on July 12, 2006; four months later, Frank died of a heart attack.[193][194]
  • Hugh "Apples" MacIntosh – an Irish-American[195] enforcer for Carmine Persico during the 1960s.[196] In 1969, MacIntosh was imprisoned on hijacking charges.[196] In 1975, he was released and went on to control several clubs and loan sharking rings for Persico.[196] In 1982, McIntosh was caught bribing an Internal Revenue Service agent for Carmine Persico's early release. McIntosh was imprisoned after the Colombo trial and released on December 31, 1992.[196] MacIntosh was later arrested for meeting with mobster Daniel Persico and was returned to prison. McIntosh died on November 10, 1997.[196]
  • Charles Ruby Stein – "loanshark to the stars", was an associate and business partner to Nicholas Forlano. Stein ran gambling clubs on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. In the early 1970s, mobster Jimmy Coonan became Stein's bodyguard. Ironically, Coonan and The Westies murdered Stein in 1977.[197]
  • Nicholas "Nicky" Bianco – a Gallo crew member, Bianco later joined the Patriarca crime family. Bianco died in prison in 1994.[198]
  • Gerard Pappa – a family associate who transferred to become a soldier in the Genovese crime family working with Peter Saverio in the New York windows scheme. Was murdered in 1980 by the Cataldo brothers.[199]
  • Michael Rizzitello - a Gallo crew member, later joined the Los Angeles crime family. He died in prison in 2005.

Government informants and witnesses

Members

  • Salvatore "Big Sal" Miciotta - former captain.[200] Miciotta allegedly became a soldier for the Colombo family in the mid-1970s, when he first became acquainted with Lucchese crime family underboss Anthony Casso.[201] During the Colombo mob war in the early 1990s, he was an Orena faction loyalist. In May 1993, he approached the FBI with the offer of becoming a government witness. According to Miciotta, in late 1993, Victor Orena asked multi-millionaire businessman John Rosatti to provide cars from his dealership to be used to carry out murders, Rosatti declined and instead handed over $50,000 to Orena.[202][203]
  • Carmine Sessa - former consigliere . In the early 1990s, Sessa met with the Genovese, Lucchese and Gambino crime families and pledged his loyalty to imprisoned Colombo boss Carmine Persico, who opposed Victor Orena at the time.[204] Sessa was arrested in 1993 and agreed to cooperate and become a government witness. He admitted to participating in 13 murders, including former Brooklyn Colombo captain, Jimmy Angelino. He was released from prison in 1997, however he was shortly after sentenced to imprisonment and was released in 2000.[205] He testified against former FBI agent Lindley DeVecchio in October 2007.[206]
  • John Pate - former capo and loyalist to the Persico faction. In April 1972, he was arrested for possession of a handgun alongside Charles Panarella, Carmine Persico and Gennaro Langella.[207] He was active in Staten Island and was promoted to captain in the late 1980s.[208] In mid-1992, he was arrested on murder and loansharking charges.[209][210] It is believed that he became an informer around 1993.[211]
  • Rocco Cagno - former soldier. Colombo mobster Jimmy Randazzo was his sponsor, who was murdered in May 1993.[212] He was inducted into the Colombo crime family in 1987.[213] He participated in the murder of Colombo captain Jimmy Angelino at his home in November 1988. In November 1993, he was indicted on murder and firearm charges and began to cooperate with the government in March 1994.[214]
  • Joseph "Joe Campy" Campanella – former soldier.[215] He was a close ally of William Cutolo. Campanella was shot twice by Vincent "Chicky" DeMartino with a .357 Magnum on July 16, 2001 in Coney Island after being wrongly suspected of cooperating with the authorities; DeMartino was sentenced to 25 years in prison for the attempted murder.[216][217][218]
  • Michael "Mickey" Souza - born in 1968. In December 2006, he was arrested alongside 12 other mobsters from the Colombo and Gambino crime families on charges of robbery, assault, weapon possession, loansharking, gambling and drug dealing, as part of an 8-month investigation by the DEA.[219][220] He and his older brother were accused of planning Hector Pagan's murder, a Bonanno crime family associate, over a financial dispute.[221] Souza allegedly purchased a gun silencer, however he never managed to use it on Pagan due to his arrest.[222] It is believed he became an informer around 2007.
  • Paul "Paulie Guns" Bevacqua – former acting capo of the Gioeli crew. He was a supporter of the Orena faction who rivalled against the Persico faction during the early 1990s.[223] It is believed that he wore a wire microphone around 2008. He died on November 11, 2011.[224]
  • Dino "Big Dino" Calabro - former captain. He has allegedly participated in 8 murders. Calabro is suspected of participating in the August 1997 murder of NYPD officer Ralph C. Dols, on orders of former Colombo consigliere Joel Cacace.[225][226] He began cooperating after his June 2008 arrest, he was arrested alongside 2 other Colombo soldier's on charges of drug trafficking, robbery, extortion, murder and loansharking.[227] In November 2017, he was sentenced to 11 years imprisonment.
  • Frank "Frankie Blue Eyes" Sparaco - former soldier. He was a part of the Persico faction during the early 1990s. In 1993, he was sentenced to 24 years in prison for participating in 5 murders.[228] While in prison, he scammed former U.S. House of Representatives member John LeBoutillier of $800,000. In 2009, he officially agreed to cooperate with the government.
  • Reynold Maragni – former capo who was active in South Florida. In 2000, he was indicted on charges of credit card and bank fraud scams, loansharking and illegal gambling. A year later, he was sentenced to 2 years in prison.[229] He was arrested in January 2011 and accused of distributing marijuana, smuggling cigarettes, extorting members of a cement and concrete union in Queens, and operating an illegal gambling ring with former Colombo captain Joseph Parna; Maragni agreed to become an informant immediately after his arrest.[230][231] From April to December 2011, he wore a watch with a microphone and recorded many conversations.
  • Anthony "Big Anthony" Russo – former acting capo, not related to Andrew Russo. In 2011, Russo was charged with the 1993 murder of Orena loyalist Joseph Scopo and agreed to be a federal witness.[232]
  • Gregory Scarpa, Sr. – notorious hitman and FBI informant from the 1970s to 1994.[233] Scarpa, Sr. died in prison from AIDS–related complications.

Associates

  • Joseph "Joe Pesh" Luparelli – former Colombo associate and bodyguard to Joseph Yacovelli. He served as one of the drivers in the April 1972 murder of Joe Gallo. Some time after the Gallo murder, he believed the Gallo-murder participants were planning to have him murdered. He flew to California to meet with FBI agents. Albert A. Seedman requested that Luparelli should be brought to New York.[234] He was accused of harbouring Joseph Russo, following a 1970 murder in New Jersey.[235]
  • Lawrence "Larry" Mazza - former associate, hitman and protégé of Colombo crime family captain Greg Scarpa.[236][237] It is noted that he had an affair with Scarpa's wife, Linda Schiro.[238] Mazza has admitted to murdering four people, including the January 1992 murder of Nicky Grancio, using a 12-gauge shotgun which was allegedly stolen from a New Jersey police car.[239] He had previously witnessed the December 1991 killing of Vincent Fusaro by Scarpa, who shot Fusaro in the neck, body and behind his head with an M52 rifle while he hung up a Christmas garland on the door of his home in Brooklyn. Mazza has allegedly participated in around 25 murders. Sometime in the mid-1990s after his arrest by the FBI, he agreed to cooperate. Massa has since relocated to Florida and became a fitness personal trainer. He released a book titled "The Life: A True Story about a Brooklyn Boy Seduced into the Dark World of the Mafia."[240]
  • Kenny "Kenji" Gallo – former associate of the Los Angeles and Colombo crime families. Gallo first met Jerry Zimmerman while he was active in the porn industry, who introduced him to underboss Sonny Franzese. He later became acquainted with Teddy Persico Jr., the nephew of Colombo boss Carmine Persico.[241] He cooperated in 1996
  • Salvatore "Crazy Sal" Polisi – former associate of the Colombo and Gambino crime families. He was active in hijacking, illegal gambling and robbery.
  • John Franzese Jr. - John Franzese Jr. wanted a way out of his life and was approached by the FBI with a proposition that he become an informant and he accepted. One part of the agreement he made with the FBI prior to testifying was that he would not profit from his story as a mafia figure.[242] He was allegedly also responsible for his father John "Sonny" Franzese's fourth parole violation, but was accepted back into his confidence after denying the allegations in tears, saying, "I would never do that, no matter what kind of trouble I had."[243] In 2005, Franzese Jr. wore a wire around his father.[244] John Franzese Jr. testified twice against his father, the last time his father attempted to have him killed; he later lived under witness protection.[245] In 2010, Franzese Jr. admitted that he received $50,000 from the FBI as a cooperating witness.[246] With the help of Franzese Jr.'s testimony, his father was sentenced on January 14, 2011, to eight years in prison for extorting two Manhattan strip clubs, running a loanshark operation and extorting a pizzeria on Long Island.[247] He is the first son of a New York mobster to turn state's evidence and testify against his father.[248]

References

  1. ^ "The Changing Face of organize crime in New Jersey" (PDF). State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation. May 2004.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Critchley, David. (2009) The origins of organized crime in America: the New York City mafia, 1891-1931. Taylor & Francis. pp. 160-64. ISBN 978-0-2038-89077.
  3. ^ Robbins, Michael W. and Palitz, Wendy (2001). Brooklyn: a state of mind. Workman Publishing. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-7611-16356
  4. ^ a b c d e Hamilton, Brad (January 30, 2011). "The brutal rise and bloody fall of the Colombos". New York Post. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d "Legendary New York Mob Boss Carmine Persico, Head of Colombo Family, Dead at Age 85". nbcnewyork.com. March 7, 2019.
  6. ^ a b Newton, Michael (2009) The Encyclopedia of Unsolved Crimes Infobase Publishing. p.408 ISBN 9781438119144
  7. ^ Nash, Jay Robert (2004) The Great Pictorial History of World Crime History, Inc. p.535 ISBN 9781928831204
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Raab (2006)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Cage, Nicholas (July 17, 1972) "Part II The Mafia at War" New York pp.27-36
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Krajiccek, David J. (September 19, 2010) "Frankie Abbatemarco is the opening casualty in the Profaci family civil war" New York Daily News
  11. ^ a b c d Raab (2006), pp.321-324
  12. ^ Abadinsky, Howard (1985) Organized Crime Nelson-Hall. p.121 ISBN 9780830411658
  13. ^ Capeci (2001), p.303
  14. ^ a b c Capeci (2001) p.305
  15. ^ Staff (September 1, 1967) "The Mob: How Joe Bonanno Schemed to kill – and lost" Life p.15-21
  16. ^ a b c Bruno, Anthony. "Colombo Crime Family: Trouble and More Trouble". TruTV Crime Library. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  17. ^ Capeci (2001), p.40
  18. ^ "Thousands of Italians Here Rally Against Ethnic Slurs". The New York Times. June 30, 1970.
  19. ^ a b Gage, Nicholas (April 8, 1972). "Grudges with Gallo Date to War with Profaci" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
  20. ^ Fosburgh, Lacy (June 12, 1973). "Mafia Informer Says Aloi Ordered Gallo Killing" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  21. ^ a b Gage, Nicholas (July 5, 1971). "Colombo's Refusal to Buy Off Gallo for $100,000 Cited" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  22. ^ a b c Raab (2006), pp.197-200
  23. ^ "Tozzi Knew All Three of the Gallo Brothers". LocalNewsOnly.com. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
  24. ^ Capeci (2001), p.306
  25. ^ Gage, Nicholas (November 7, 1976). "A 'Family Quarrel', Mafia Style". Palm Beach Post. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
  26. ^ a b "The Colombo/Persico/Orena Family" La Cosa Nostra – State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation 1989 Report
  27. ^ a b Staff (January 6, 1981) "The City; Persico Trial Put Off On Bribery Charges" The New York Times
  28. ^ "United States v. Local 6A, Cement & Concrete Workers, 663 F. Supp. 192 (S.D.N.Y. 1986)". Justia Law.
  29. ^ a b Fried, Joseph P. (November 10, 1981) "Persico Rank Rankles as he is Given 5 Years" The New York Times
  30. ^ Lubasch, Arnold H. (February 27, 1985). "U.s. Indictment Says 9 Governed New York Mafia" – via NYTimes.com.
  31. ^ "11 Plead Not Guilty to Ruling Organized Crime in New York". The New York Times. July 2, 1985. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  32. ^ Lubasch, Arnold H (November 20, 1986). "U.S. Jury Convicts Eight as Members of Mob Commission". The New York Times. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  33. ^ Lubasch, Arnold H. (January 14, 1987). "Judge Sentences 8 Mafia Leaders to Prison Terms". The New York Times. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  34. ^ Federal Government's Use of Trusteeships Under the RICO Statute. Vol. 4. United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. 1989.
  35. ^ Lubasch, Arnold H. (November 18, 1986). "Persico, His Son and 6 Others Get Long Terms as Colombo Gangsters". The New York Times. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  36. ^ Bruno, Anthony "The Colombo Family: Junior's War" TruTV Crime Library Archived August 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ Lubasch, Arnold H. (December 22, 1992). "Acting Crime Boss Is Convicted of Murder and Racketeering". The New York Times. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  38. ^ Brandt, Lin DeVecchio, Charles (February 22, 2011). We're going to win this thing : the shocking frame-up of a mafia crime buster (1st ed.). New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-22986-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  39. ^ McPhee, Michele (July 7, 2002)"Furgebbaboud the Old Mob; After Gotti, Mafia ordered to clean house" New York Daily News
  40. ^ Raab (2006), pp.495-96
  41. ^ Destefano, Anthony. King of the Godfathers 2006. Kensington Publishing Corp. New York City. pg. 203-204
  42. ^ "The Colombo Family: Behind Bars" Archived 2011-08-10 at the Wayback Machine By Anthony Bruno TruTV Crime Library
  43. ^ writeremail, Nicole A. HawleyStaff. "Living quite the colorful life". Rome Daily Sentinel.
  44. ^ Pm, 2008 1:40. "Indictment names 12 in reputed Colombo mob killings". Newsday. {{cite web}}: |first= has numeric name (help)
  45. ^ "Colombo Organized Crime Family Acting Boss, Underboss, and Ten Other Members and Associates Indicted" Archived May 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Department of Justice Press Release
  46. ^ a b Associated Press (June 5, 2008) "Nine Are Arrested in Sweeping Organized Crime Crackdown" The New York Times
  47. ^ Wilson, Michael and Rashbaum, William K. December 18, 2008) "11 Years After Officer’s Slaying, Reputed Mob Figures Are Indicted" The New York Times
  48. ^ a b Marzulli, John (March 1, 2009). "Alphonse Persico life sentence may end control of Colombo crime family". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  49. ^ a b "Four charged with membership in Mafia-connected crew" Boston.com December 17, 2009
  50. ^ "Colombo Family Street Boss Indicted" Archived December 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine Crime Family - Boston.com December 19, 2009
  51. ^ a b c Marzulli, Joe (December 18, 2009) "Colombo crime family boss Ralph DeLeo indicted on racketeering charges" New York Daily News
  52. ^ Murphy, Shelley (January 17, 2010) "FBI alleges ‘crime boss’ DeLeo ran crew in Greater Boston" The Boston Globe
  53. ^ a b c d e f g Rashbaum, William K. (January 20, 2011) "Nearly 125 Arrested in Sweeping Mob Roundup" The New York Times
  54. ^ Capeci, Jerry (May 25, 2011). "Nephew of Top Mobster Aids in Colombo Family Takedown". Huffington Post. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
  55. ^ a b c Maddux, Mitchel (September 30, 2011). "Co-paying for mob crimes". New York Post. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
  56. ^ Marzulli, John (December 15, 2011) Mob capo Reynold Maragni turns rat, wears wire for feds to bust Colombos New York Daily News
  57. ^ "Five Alleged Members and Associates of La Cosa Nostra Indicted for Racketeering and Related Charges Defendants Operated Loansharking and Illegal Gambling Businesses in South Brooklyn". Justice Gov. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  58. ^ "Feds take down Colombo and Gambino loansharks". NY DAILY NEWS. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  59. ^ a b "Colombos, Gambinos and Indictments, Oh My! - BKLYNER". bklyner.com. Retrieved July 31, 2019.
  60. ^ "Feds say it clear: Alleged mob associate, 'Mumbles,' extorted, stalked S.I. man". silive.com. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  61. ^ a b "20 Defendants Charged with Crimes, Including Racketeering, Extortion, Loansharking: 11 Members and Associates of the Colombo Crime Family Indicted". Justice.gov. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  62. ^ a b c d e f DeVico, Peter J. The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra (pg. 174) Tate Publishing, 2007. ISBN 1-60247-254-8
  63. ^ a b Machi, Mario American Mafia.com Archived December 12, 2010, at the Wayback Machine New York
  64. ^ a b c MafiaNJ.com La Cosa Nostra State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation 1989 Report. pg.17
  65. ^ a b Maas, Peter (1997) Underboss: Sammy the Bull Gravano's Story of Life in the Mafia HarperCollins. pp.191-92 ISBN 0060182563
  66. ^ a b c d Staff (September 13, 1989) "Alphonse Persico, 61, Is Dead; Leader of Colombo Crime Family". The New York Times
  67. ^ Buder, Leonard (December 19, 1987) "Colombo Figure Given 25 Years On '80 Charges" The New York Times
  68. ^ Maas, Peter (1997) Underboss: Sammy the Bull Gravano's Story of Life in the Mafia. HarperCollins. p.155 ISBN 0060182563
  69. ^ Raab (2006), pp.332-33
  70. ^ Raab, Selwyn (December 10, 1991) "Even to the 5 Families, the Fighting Colombos Have Been Black Sheep" The New York Times
  71. ^ a b Capeci (2001), pp.386-88
  72. ^ a b Capeci, Jerry (August 5, 1999). "MOB BOSS RIPS JURY-TAMPERING SENTENCE". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  73. ^ a b c United States District Judge John F. Keenan Case 1:97-cv-08591-JFK Archived March 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (May 22, 2006)
  74. ^ a b c "Updated Colombo Family Leadership being revealed?". Archived from the original on September 23, 2010.
  75. ^ a b c Colombo Organized Crime Family Acting Boss Alphonse T. Persico and Administration Member John J. Deross Sentenced to Life Imprisonment for the Murder of William "Wild Bill" Cutolo and Related Witness Tampering (February 27, 2009)
  76. ^ a b c Colombo crime family 1987 October 15, 2007. Getty Images
  77. ^ Capeci, Jerry (July 31, 1998). "NEWLYWEDS LEAD FEDS TO REPUTED MOB FIGURE". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  78. ^ Mazulli, John (July 15, 2010) "Colombo boss Thomas (Tommy Shots) Gioeli charged with '97 slay of cop" Archived January 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine New York Daily News
  79. ^ Gallo, Kenny and Randazzo, Matthew (2010) Breakshot: A Life in the 21st Century American Mafia Simon & Schuster pp.493-94 ISBN 9781439195833
  80. ^ Marzulli, John (January 26, 2011) "'Godfather star James Caan, furio from 'The Sopranos' go to bat for Colombo crime boss" Archived January 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine New York Daily News
  81. ^ Teresa, Vincent Charles and Renner, Thomas C. (1973) My life in the Mafia p.82
  82. ^ Zion, Sidney E. (March 4, 1967) "Franzese Is Said to Have Killed '30 or 40 or 50' Persons" The New York Times
  83. ^ a b Cook, Fred J. (June 4, 1972) "A Family Business: Hijacking, Bookmaking, Policy, Dice Games Loan-sharking and Special Contracts; A family business" The New York Times
  84. ^ Gage, Nicholas (May 3, 1971) "Colombo: The New Look in the Mafia; Joseph Colombo: The Head of a New Generation Family of Mafia Members" The New York Times
  85. ^ Silver, Roy R. (January 28, 1970) "6 Alleged Mafiosi Indicted in Nassau" The New York Times
  86. ^ Staff (October 16, 1974) "Alleged Mob Figure Balking at Inquiry" The New York Times
  87. ^ Staff (November 6, 1976) "Hijacker of Truck Loses His Freedom Because of Cohorts" The New York Times
  88. ^ Staff (June 5, 1977) "News Summary; International National Metropolitan" The New York Times
  89. ^ Franzese, Michael (2009) I'll Make You an Offer You Can't Refuse Thomas Nelson Inc. p.75 ISBN 9781418554934
  90. ^ Gage, Nicholas (June 5, 1977) "Colombo 'Family' Underboss Flees After Failure of Overthrow Chief" The New York Times
  91. ^ Staff (June 24, 1980) "Reputed Crime Leader Disappears On Day for a Hearing on Sentence" The New York Times
  92. ^ Organized Crime in America: hearings before the committee on judiciary, United States senate, ninety-eight congress, first session, on organized crime in America, part 1-2 (1984) p.23)
  93. ^ Hays, Tom (January 14, 2011). "Geriatric NY gangster, 93, gets 8 years in prison". Myway. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
  94. ^ Gioino, Catherina and McShane, Larry (June 24, 2017). "Hundred-year-old mobster's daughter gushes over dad's freedom". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
  95. ^ Bonnanno, Bill (1999) Bond by Honor: A Mafioso's Story St. Martin's. p.24 ISBN 0312203888
  96. ^ a b Capeci (2001)
  97. ^ Staff (January 14, 1985) "A Mafia Leader Admits Tax Guilt; Brooklyn Gang Figure Faces a 5-Year Jail Sentence" The New York Times
  98. ^ a b Hearings (1969) United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary (pg.126)
  99. ^ Peter J. Devico The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra (pg. 74)
  100. ^ Gage, Nicholas (September 1, 1971) "Yacovelli Said to Succeed Colombo in Mafia Family; Yacovelli Called Successor to Colombo" The New York Times
  101. ^ CSifakis, Carl The Mafia Encyclopedia p.355
  102. ^ a b Organized Crime in America: hearings before the committee on judiciary, United States senate, ninety-eight congress, first session, on organized crime in America, part 1-2 (1984) (pg. 273-274)
  103. ^ Colombo crime family 1984 October 15, 2007. Getty Images
  104. ^ Harmon, Sandra Mafia Son: The Scarpa Mob Family, the FBI, and a Story of Betrayal p.221
  105. ^ a b Marzulli, John (January 5, 2012). "Thomas Farese is latest alleged Colombo mobster to be busted". New York Daily News. Retrieved February 13, 2012.
  106. ^ a b c d e f Colombo crime family Persico faction October 15, 2007. Getty Images
  107. ^ US of American v. Joseph Monteleone, Sr., Joseph Russo and Anthony Russo 257 F.3d 210 (2nd Cir. 2001)
  108. ^ a b c d Colombo crime family Orena faction Oct.15, 2007. Getty Images
  109. ^ Raab (2006), pp.344-349
  110. ^ [1] Bureau of Prisons Inmate
  111. ^ Raab (2006), p.329
  112. ^ Marzulli, John (March 22, 2013) "Judge limits jail time for former Colombo crime boss so the 78-year-old can rejoin Brooklyn family" New York Daily News
  113. ^ "Andrew Russo". Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  114. ^ Claffey, Mike (September 15, 2000). "Suspects Murder Language". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  115. ^ Marzulli, John (January 30, 2013)"'The Claw' is headed to prison: Federal judge rejects 'poorfella' argument by reputed Colombo underboss Benjamin Castellazzo, sentences him to 63 months" New York Daily News
  116. ^ Maddux, Mitchel (January 30, 2013) "Colombo underboss gets 63 months in jail" New York Post
  117. ^ "Inmate Locator: Benjamin Castellazzo". BOP.Gov. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  118. ^ a b c d Lebowitz, Larry (May 19, 1998). "Mafia Figure On Way Back To Jail: Ex-convict Pleads Guilty To Money Laundering". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved July 19, 2012.
  119. ^ a b "2012 Colombo crime family chart" (2012)
  120. ^ Capeci, Jerry (March 22, 2012) "Travel-Weary Colombo Wiseguy Gets Out of Town" Gang Land News
  121. ^ a b Maddux, Mitchel (January 6, 2012) "Feds bust Colombo big for money laundering" New York Post
  122. ^ Marzulli, John (September 17, 2012) Judge allows mob lawyers to inspect informant's wristwatch that contained secret recording device New York Daily News
  123. ^ Maddux, Mitchel (December 1, 2012) Colombo consigliere acquitted, associate convicted on money laundering charges New York Post
  124. ^ Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Thomas Ralph Farese (Released)
  125. ^ "Theodore Jr. Persico" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  126. ^ "The Godfather of Staten Island (Part 1)". Colombo family. February 6, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  127. ^ Italiano, Laura and Denney, Andrew (October 4, 2019). "Son of Colombo crime capo loses $1M bail for blabbing daddy's name around town". New York Post. Retrieved October 6, 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  128. ^ United States Court of Appeals "United States of America v. Vincent Aloi" Archived May 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (Decided January 31, 1975)
  129. ^ a b The Changing Face of Organized in New Jersey A Status Report. May 2004. (pg 137-140) [2]
  130. ^ "Inmate Locator". www.bop.gov.
  131. ^ Capeci, Jerry (September 13, 2007) "Turncoat Turns 'Mob Justice' Into Federal Justice" New York Sun
  132. ^ Staff (July 12, 2009) "Reputed Colombo Crime Family Capo, Michael Uvino, Gets 10 Years in Prison" The Chicago Syndicate
  133. ^ "Michael Uvino". Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  134. ^ Destefano, Anthony M. (June 4, 2008). "Indictment names 12 in reputed Colombo mob killings". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  135. ^ Marzulli, John (November 17, 2010). "Colombo capo Michael Catapano's 'black sheep' bid to cut his sentence is rejected by judge". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  136. ^ "Michael Catapano". Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  137. ^ Indictment Unsealed Charging Colombo Family Administration Member Theodore Persico and Seven Others (March 9, 2010)
  138. ^ Horowitz, Carl (March 1, 2010) "Colombo Mobsters Charged with Extortion, Theft of Teamster Benefits" National Legal and Policy Center
  139. ^ Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Joseph Baudanza (Released February 18, 2011)
  140. ^ Marzulli, John (August 10, 2012). "One mobster refuses plea deal, leaving four other wiseguys in the lurch". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  141. ^ Marzulli, John (April 11, 2013). "Openly gay daughter of Colombo gangster pleads for mercy in sentencing". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  142. ^ "38 Defendants in Historic Colombo Family Case Plead Guilty". Justice.gob. November 9, 2012. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  143. ^ "Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Dennis DeLucia". Justice.gob. July 12, 2013. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  144. ^ Born to the Mob: The True-life Story of the Only Man to Work for All Five of New York's Mafia Families. Frankie Saggio and Fred Rosen. Running Press, 2004. pp.87
  145. ^ Capeci, Jerry (January 11, 2007) Late Guilty Plea for Green Eyes New York Sun
  146. ^ Smith, Greg (August 26, 2001) "Sopranos Made Mob Scene; FBI spotted actors at '99 Colombo fete New York Daily News
  147. ^ "John DeRoss" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  148. ^ Staff (November 4, 2006) "Mistrial Is Declared in Mob Murder Case" The New York Times
  149. ^ Rashbaum, William K. (March 9, 2009) "F.B.I. Resumes Search for Mob Graves" The New York Times
  150. ^ Ingle, Bob; McClure, Sandy (2008). The Soprano State: New Jersey's Culture of Corruption. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 263. ISBN 9781429925730.
  151. ^ "Daniel Persico" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  152. ^ "Vincent Langella" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  153. ^ "Double Portrait of a Man on Trial Astounds Friends". The New York Times. April 11, 1995. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  154. ^ "Laying Down His Hammer to Apply a Broom to a Troubled Union". The New York Times. March 7, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  155. ^ "7 CLEARED IN B'KLYN MOB CASE JURORS FAULT FBI". New York Daily News. July 1, 1995. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  156. ^ "Feds Probe Mob Prince in Vending Machines Scam". Huffington Post. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  157. ^ a b Devico, Peter J. (2007)The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra Tate Publishing & Entertainment. p.162 9781602472549
  158. ^ United States v. Vincent DeMartino Find Law
  159. ^ "Two Found Guilty In Botched Coney Island Mob Hit" Brooklyn Daily Eagle May 14, 2004
  160. ^ "Echoes of Mob War Reverberate 15 Years Later" New York Sun July 20, 2006
  161. ^ "Inmate Locator". www.bop.gov.
  162. ^ Shifrel, Scott (October 16, 2007). "Lawyers say mob vowed to make FBI agent 'bad guy'". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  163. ^ "Mob family court showdown: 'Don't call me your brother no more'". The New York Daily News. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  164. ^ "Colombo Family Soldier Sentenced to 50 Years in Prison". FBI. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  165. ^ "Mobster Dino Saracino — acquitted in cop murder — gets 50 years for racketeering". The New York Daily News. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  166. ^ "Colombo mobster 'Little Dino' who is serving 50 years loses bid to have murder conspiracy conviction tossed". The New York Daily News. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  167. ^ Marzulli, John (December 18, 2009). "Colombo crime family boss Ralph DeLeo indicted on racketeering charges". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  168. ^ Ralph Francis DeLeo Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  169. ^ Hoffman, Bill (June 18, 2001). "Hurley Gets Cozy with Mob Big". New York Post. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  170. ^ Robbins, Tom. "Analyze This A Deadly Mobster's Pleading Letter for His Son". Village Voice. January 20, 2004 [3]
  171. ^ "Lawrence Persico" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  172. ^ Yaniv, Oren (August 19, 2011). "Son of jailed mob boss Carmine 'The Snake' Persico indicted for ordering hit". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  173. ^ Capeci, Jerry. "Mob Boss Tied To 1999 Murders Of Stock Swindlers In NJ Mansion". New York Huffington Post. November 23, 2009
  174. ^ Raab (2006), p.322
  175. ^ Jacobs, James B. (2006) Mobsters, Unions, and feds: the mafia and the American labor movement NYU Press p.191 ISBN 9780814743157
  176. ^ Jacobs, James B.; Friel, Coleen; and Radick, Robert (2001) Gotham Unbound: How New York City was liberated from the grip of organized crime NYU Press p,293 ISBN 0814742475
  177. ^ "Theodore Persico" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  178. ^ "Colombo gangster Richard Fusco admits trying to shake down rival Gambinos" (September 30, 2011) John Marzulli. New York Daily News
  179. ^ Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Richard Fusco (Release date)
  180. ^ Capeci, Jerry (September 19, 2013) "Richie Nerves Fusco Checks Out After Funeral For His Brother-In-Law" Gangland News
  181. ^ "Ex-mobster shows ‘transformation is possible for anyone’" Archived July 12, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Mafia Today
  182. ^ Capeci, Jerry (August 2, 2007) "Pyrrhic Victory: Judge Grants a Hearing, Cancer Cancels It" The New York Sun
  183. ^ Tuohy, John William and Becker, Ed (June 5, 2000) "Umberto’s Clam House Opens For Business, And Bullets, Again" Rick Porrello's AmericanMafia.com
  184. ^ Block, Alan A. Masters of paradise: organized crime and the Internal Revenue Service in the Bahamas p.90]
  185. ^ James, George (October 22, 1993). "Man Tied to Crime Family Is Shot to Death in Queens". The New York Times. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
  186. ^ Marzulli, John (October 15, 2013). "Mobster Ralph Scopo Jr. ducks jail with heart failure". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 15, 2013.
  187. ^ Sicilian Blood, Time, September 3, 1956
  188. ^ "Benedetto Aloi" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  189. ^ Capeci, Jerry (April 21, 2011) "Ex-mafia kingpin: G-man helped me beat the system" This Week In Gang Land
  190. ^ "John Franzese, Mafioso Who Consorted With Celebrities, Dies at 103". The New York Times. February 24, 2020. Archived from the original on February 24, 2020.
  191. ^ "Name of dead mob associate removed from Nevada's 'Black Book'". July 27, 2019.
  192. ^ Alamo, Tony (August 5, 2019). "Order to Remove Charles Joesph Panarella from the List of Excluded Persons" (PDF). Nevada Gaming Commission. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
  193. ^ Capeci, Jerry (December 14, 2006) "Mob Obituaries: Boobie, Redbird, and the Brain" The New York Sun
  194. ^ "Frank Persico" Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator
  195. ^ Raab (2006), p.324
  196. ^ a b c d e Capeci, Jerry. Jerry Capeci's Gang Land view
  197. ^ English, T. J. (2009) Paddy Whacked: The Untold Story of the Irish American Gangster HarperCollins. ISBN 9780061868153
  198. ^ "Nicholas Bianco; Crime Family Figure, 62". The New York Times. November 16, 1994. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  199. ^ Marzulli, John (December 21, 2010). "Trial of 1980 Brooklyn mob rubout to feature a who's who of Mafia snitches". New York Daily News. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
  200. ^ "The mozzarella mobsters". The Independent. Peter Pringle. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  201. ^ Lawson, Guy (August 28, 2007). The Brotherhoods: The True Story of Two Cops Who Murdered for the Mafia. p. 217. ISBN 9781416523383. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  202. ^ "OPINION — Greedy, Gross, Slimy Palm Beach County Politicians Continue Sucking up to Alleged Mobster John Staluppi!". Gossip Extra. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  203. ^ "Trump Limos Were Built With A Hood Ornament". The Smoking Gun. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  204. ^ "Acting Crime Boss Is Convicted of Murder and Racketeering". ARNOLD H. LUBASCH. NY TIMES. December 22, 1992. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  205. ^ "MURDEROUS MOB CANARY SPRUNG". New York Post. Christopher Francescani. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  206. ^ "Start Snitching: Inside the Witness Protection Program". ABC. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  207. ^ "Four Men and a Woman Arrested at Alleged Hide‐Out of Colombo Family". Nicholas Gage. The New York Times. April 25, 1972. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  208. ^ "Full text of "Gregory Scarpa Sr"". Internet Archive. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  209. ^ "Man Charged In Mob Plot". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  210. ^ "U.S. v. DONOFRIO". Leagle. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  211. ^ Capeci, Jerry (November 4, 2003). Jerry Capeci's Gang Land. p. 152. ISBN 9781440625787. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  212. ^ "State v. Cagno Permitting the prosecution to establish during defendant's second trial that a co-conspirator had refused to testify during his first trial did not violate his right to confrontation". New Jersey Law Journal. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  213. ^ "New Jersey v. Cagno". Law Justia. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  214. ^ "Superior Court of New Jersey,Appellate Division. STATE of New Jersey, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. Aurelio Ray CAGNO, Defendant-Appellant. Decided: September 10, 2009". Find Law. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  215. ^ "Pension Fund Administrator Testifies Against Colombo Thugs". National Legal and Policy Center. Carl Horowitz. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  216. ^ "New house allegedly gutted for mob home". UPI. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  217. ^ "TURNCOAT MOBSTER A WIVES-GUY – GAL PAL A MAFIA SPOUSE". NY POST. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  218. ^ "Echoes of Mob War Reverberate 15 Years Later". NY SUN. Jerry Capeci. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  219. ^ "12 Members Of Colombo Crime Family Arrested In New York". DEA. Archived from the original on May 2, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  220. ^ "UNLUCKY 13 'MOBSTERS' SWEPT UP". NY POST. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  221. ^ Joseph, Kiesha; Peterson, Angela. The Men Behind Mob Wives: 10 Part Series. p. 113. ISBN 9781300200536. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  222. ^ "S.I. Mob Crew Arrested". NY SUN. Adam Goldman. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  223. ^ "What's Left of the Mob". New York Magazine. Jerry Capeci. nymag.com. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  224. ^ "Mob Snitch's Daughters - Sue FBI for House". Courthouse News. Adam Klasfeld. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  225. ^ "Slain Officer Is Mourned as Mob Inquiry Proceeds". The New York Times. August 30, 1997. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  226. ^ "Jury Acquits Mobster in '97 Killing of Officer". NY TIMES. November 26, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  227. ^ "A Mafia Turncoat, Facing Life, Is Sentenced to 11 Years". Alan Feuer. The New York Times. November 3, 2017. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  228. ^ "THE INSIDE STORY OF FRANKIE BLUE EYES, THE MOB KILLER-TURNED-RAT". Ozy. Seth Ferranti.
  229. ^ "Mobster 'Baby Shanks' arrested in South Florida". Miami Herald. Michael LaForgia. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  230. ^ "Mob guy gets prison for racketeering, gambling raps". NY POST. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  231. ^ "Watch out, mob!". NY POST. Mitchel Maddux. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  232. ^ Marzulli, John (February 5, 2011)"Anthony (Big Anthony) Russo becomes third Colombo capo to roll over to work with feds" New York Daily News
  233. ^ Dannen, Fredric (December 16, 1996). "The G-man and the Hit Man". The New Yorker. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
  234. ^ "Story of Joe Gallo's Murder: 5 in Colombo Gang Implicated". Nicholas Gage. NY TIMES. May 3, 1972. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
  235. ^ "Fugitive in the Gallo Case Surrenders". Nicholas Gage. NY TIMES. February 28, 1974. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
  236. ^ "In Role Reversal, Ex-F.B.I. Agents Align Themselves With Defendant". Alan Feuer. The New York Times. September 11, 2006. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  237. ^ "My life as a Colombo hit man". The New York Post. Brad Hamilton. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  238. ^ "Former FBI Agent Linked to Mob Murders". The New York Sun. Jerry Capeci. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  239. ^ "A Tale of Cops and Mobsters Who Failed to Overlap". Alan Feuer. The New York Times. January 6, 2006. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  240. ^ "The Life: A True Story About A Brooklyn Boy Seduced Into The Dark World Of The Mafia Kindle Edition". Amazon. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  241. ^ "How The FBI Turned A Mafioso Into A MMA Fighter". Heavy.com. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
  242. ^ Riley, John (July 15, 2010). "Franzese Jr. told feds he wouldn't write tell-all". News Day. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  243. ^ "A Godfather Betrayed by His Namesake, Part II". The Sun. May 17, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  244. ^ "John Franzese Jr. testified against his dad, Sonny — and then quit Witness Protection". newsday.com. March 27, 2019.
  245. ^ Capeci, Jerry. "Feds: Sonny Asked a Mob Pal to Help Whack His Turncaot Son". Huffington Post. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  246. ^ "Colombo underboss John (Sonny) Franzese's son admits he sold his dad out for $50,000". nydailynews.com. June 10, 2019. Archived from the original on June 13, 2010.
  247. ^ "93-Year-Old Crime Boss Gets 12-Year Sentence". cbsnew.com. January 14, 2011.
  248. ^ "Colombo underboss John (Sonny) Franzese betrayed by son, who'll testify against legendary mobster". nydailynews.com. June 9, 2010. Archived from the original on June 12, 2010.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colombo_crime_family&oldid=987086199"