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<syntaxhighlight lang="Python">
<syntaxhighlight lang="Python">
def subs(x, y):
def sub(x, y):
"""A pythonic substraction."""
"""A pythonic subtraction."""
res = x - y
res = x - y
return res
return res

Revision as of 03:24, 7 March 2024

Mojo
Paradigm
FamilyPython
Designed byChris Lattner
DeveloperModular Inc.
First appeared2023; 1 year ago (2023)
Preview release
0.6.0[1]
Typing discipline
OSCross-platform
LicenseProprietary
Filename extensions.🔥 (the fire emoji/U+1F525 Unicode character), alternatively .mojo
Websitewww.modular.com/mojo
Influenced by
Python, Cython[citation needed], C, C++, Rust, Swift, Zig

Mojo is a proprietary programming language that is currently under development.[2][3][4] It is available both in browsers via Jupyter notebooks,[4][5] and locally on both Linux and macOS.[6][7] Mojo combines the usability of Python with its syntax (and aims to become a superset of it[8]) with the high performance of low level languages like C.[9]

Origin, design and development

  • In September 2022, an initial build of Mojo was released internally by Modular Inc.[11]

Features

  • Mojo uses inferred static typing.[14]
  • Mojo was created for easy transition from Python. The language has syntax similar to Python's, and allows users to import Python modules.[15]
  • Mojo is not open source, but it is planned to become open source in the future.[16]
  • Mojo def functions use value semantics by default (functions receive a copy of all arguments and any modifications are not visible outside the function), while Python functions use reference semantics (functions receive a reference on their arguments and any modification of a mutable argument inside the function is visible outside).[18]

Mojo files use the .🔥 or .mojo file extension.[2]

Programming examples

In Mojo, functions can be declared using both fn (for performant functions) or def (for Python compatibility).[15]

Basic arithmetic operations in Mojo with a def function: 

def sub(x, y):
    """A pythonic subtraction."""
    res = x - y
    return res

and with a fn function: 

fn add(x: Int, y: Int) -> Int:
    """A rustacean addition."""
    let res: Int = x + y
    return res

The manner in which Mojo employs var and let for mutable and immutable variable declarations respectively mirrors the syntax found in Swift. In Swift, var is used for mutable variables, while let is designated for constants or immutable variables.[15]

Variable declaration and usage in Mojo: 

fn main():
    let x = 1
    
    let y: Int
    y = 1

    var z = 0
    z += 1

Usage

The Mojo SDK allows Mojo programmers to compile and execute Mojo source files locally from the command line and currently supports Ubuntu and macOS.[19] Additionally, there is a Mojo extension for Visual Studio Code which provides code completion and tooltips.

See also

References

  1. ^ "New Mojo update!". github.com. Modular. 2023-09-21. Retrieved 2023-09-26. We just released a new version of Mojo 🔥 (v0.3.0)
  2. ^ a b "Mojo🔥 programming manual". docs.modular.com. Modular. 2023. Retrieved 2023-09-26. Mojo is a programming language that is as easy to use as Python but with the performance of C++ and Rust. Furthermore, Mojo provides the ability to leverage the entire Python library ecosystem.
  3. ^ "Why Mojo🔥 - A language for next-generation compiler technology". docs.modular.com. Modular. 2023. Retrieved 2023-09-26. While many other projects now use MLIR, Mojo is the first major language designed expressly for MLIR, which makes Mojo uniquely powerful when writing systems-level code for AI workloads.
  4. ^ a b c Krill, Paul (4 May 2023). "Mojo language marries Python and MLIR for AI development". InfoWorld.
  5. ^ a b Yegulalp, Serdar (7 June 2023). "A first look at the Mojo language". InfoWorld.
  6. ^ Deutscher, Maria (7 September 2023). "Modular makes its AI-optimized Mojo programming language generally available". Silicon Angle. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  7. ^ "Mojo for Mac OS". Modular. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  8. ^ "Mojo Manual". docs.modular.com. Modular. 2024-03-02. Retrieved 2024-03-02. We also designed Mojo as a superset of Python because we love Python
  9. ^ "Mojo 🔥: Programming language for all of AI". www.modular.com. Retrieved 2024-02-28.
  10. ^ Claburn, Thomas (2023-05-05). "Modular finds its Mojo, a Python superset with C-level speed". The Register. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
  11. ^ "Mojo🔥 changelog".
  12. ^ Lattner, Chris; Pienaar, Jacques (2019). MLIR Primer: A Compiler Infrastructure for the End of Moore's Law (Technical report). Retrieved 2022-09-30.
  13. ^ Lattner, Chris; Amini, Mehdi; Bondhugula, Uday; Cohen, Albert; Davis, Andy; Pienaar, Jacques; Riddle, River; Shpeisman, Tatiana; Vasilache, Nicolas; Zinenko, Oleksandr (2020-02-29). "MLIR: A Compiler Infrastructure for the End of Moore's Law". arXiv:2002.11054 [cs.PL].
  14. ^ "Modular Docs - Mojo🔥 programming manual". docs.modular.com. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  15. ^ a b c "Modular Docs - Mojo🔥 programming manual". docs.modular.com. Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  16. ^ "Welcome to Mojo 🔥". GitHub. Modular. 2023-10-31. Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  17. ^ "Ownership and borrowing | Modular Docs". Modular. Retrieved 2024-02-29.
  18. ^ "Mojo🔥 programming manual". Modular. Retrieved 2023-06-11. All values passed into a Python def function use reference semantics. This means the function can modify mutable objects passed into it and those changes are visible outside the function. However, the behavior is sometimes surprising for the uninitiated, because you can change the object that an argument points to and that change is not visible outside the function. All values passed into a Mojo def function use value semantics by default. Compared to Python, this is an important difference: A Mojo def function receives a copy of all arguments—it can modify arguments inside the function, but the changes are not visible outside the function.
  19. ^ "Modular Docs - Mojo🔥 roadmap & sharp edges". docs.modular.com. Retrieved 2023-10-31.

External links

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