2014 Gaza War: Difference between revisions

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==Operation timeline==
==Operation timeline==
{{Main|Timeline of Operation Protective Edge}}

===Week 1===

====8 July====
[[File:Israeli Air Forces bombing over Ansar site. 7.8.2014.jpg|thumb|Israeli Air Forces bombing over Ansar site, 8 July 2014]]
In preparations for a potential escalation in fighting, the IDF called up 1,500 reserves on 7 July. These reserves were positioned around southern Israel and were working on training in case of escalation.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603472|work=Haaretz|title=Rockets bombard south, Hamas claims responsibility|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF continued calling up additional reserves on 8 July, stating plans to call up 40,000 or more.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603677 |title=No doubt Hamas will try to target Tel Aviv next, says senior IDF official|work=Haaretz|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> Due to the rocket fire from Gaza into Israel, the Israeli government closed all summer camps within 40&nbsp;km (24 miles) of Gaza and universities canceled their final exams; and 37,000 Gazan students who had completed high school had their graduation delayed.<ref>Saud Abu Ramadan, [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2014-07/16/c_133486297.htm 'Feature: Israel's war on Gaza deprives students of celebrating graduation,'] [[Xinhuanet]], 15 July 2014.</ref><ref name="Times of Israel">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/as-israel-grapples-with-homegrown-killers-violence-continues|title=Israel launches 'Protective Edge' counteroffensive on Gaza, Jewish suspects reenact teen's murder|work=Timesofisrael.com|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> Additionally, all gatherings of 300 or more were banned, and requested all people stay at home or near shelter.<ref name="The New York Times">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/09/world/middleeast/israel-steps-up-offensive-against-hamas-in-gaza.html|title=Israel Steps Up Offensive Against Hamas in Gaza|work=The New York Times|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early morning of 8 July, Israel struck at least 50 targets in Gaza, injuring 17 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/viewdetails.aspx?id=710822|title=17 injured in Israeli airstrikes on Gaza overnight|publisher=[[Ma'an News Agency]]|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> This was followed by Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu instructing the IDF to "take their gloves off" against Hamas and instructed them to take any means necessary to restore peace to Israeli citizens. As the afternoon progressed, the IDF continued their targeted retaliation, including the home of senior Hamas member Abdul Rahman Juda, who was using his home as a control and command center.

Additionally, the IDF targeted and killed Muhammad Sa'aban a commander of Hamas's naval commando unit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Defense/LIVE-BLOG-Israels-Operation-Protective-Edge-in-Gaza-361892|title=Israel's Operation Protective Edge in Gaza|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF targeted the homes of Hamas members Eiad Sakik, Abdullah Hshash, Samer Abu Daka, and Hassan Abdullah.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://7online.com/news/israel-launches-military-offensive-against-gaza/167489|title=Israel launches military offensive againts Gaza|work=7online.com|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> The Palestinians have confirmed that all homes were called by the IDF prior to bombing, asking residents to please leave.<ref>{{cite web|last=Coren|first=Ora|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603677|type=live updates|title=Israel launches aerial offensive in Gaza|work=Haaretz|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref>

Late afternoon, Hamas announced that all Israelis are now legitimate targets.<ref>{{cite web|last=Abu|first=Khaled|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Hamas-All-Israelis-now-targets-for-missile-attacks-361965|title=Hamas: All Israelis now targets for missile attacks|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=3 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Early evening, the Iron Dome Defense system shot down a rocket over [[Tel Aviv]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Iron-Dome-intercepts-rocket-over-Tel-Aviv-361974|title=Iron Dome intercepts rocket over central Israel, sirens sound in Tel Aviv|work=Jerusalem Post|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Shortly afterward, five armed Palestinians attempted to cross into Israel via the beach at [[Zikim|Kibbutz Zikim]]. Gunfire ensued with the IDF, resulting in the death of all five Palestinians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Defense/IDF-kills-2-terrorists-attempting-to-infiltrating-from-the-sea-361983|title=WATCH: IDF kills 5 Hamas terrorists attempting to infiltrate from the sea|work=Jerusalem Post|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> A short while later, a parachute was found abandoned near [[Yad Mordechai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jta.org/2014/07/08/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/hamas-terrorists-infiltrate-israel-by-sea|title=Hamas infiltrators killed in gunfight at Israeli army base|publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> and a Gaza tunnel exploded near [[Kerem Shalom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/08/israelis-near-southern-gaza-in-shelters-during-possible-terrorist-infiltration|title=Fearing Terror Infiltration, Officials Order Citizens of Israel's South to Remain in Bomb Shelters|work=Algemeiner|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref>

Hamas, in the evening, held a press conference to express their demands to stop their offense on Israel. Hamas demanded that Israel halt what it termed aggression in Jerusalem; the West Bank; and the Gaza Strip, re-release of the prisoners of the Shalit deal, and the commitment to all the terms of the Operation Pillar of Defense cease-fire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/07/hamas-issues-demands-for-gaza-ceasefire-as-israel-prepares-for-possible-escalation|title=Hamas Issues Demands for Gaza Ceasefire as Israel Prepares for Possible Escalation|work=Algemeiner|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> For the first time in recent weeks, Hamas openly claimed responsibility for rocket fire. In addition, the [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] claimed responsibility for 60 rockets, the [[Popular Resistance Committees]] asserted they had fired 17, and the [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] claimed responsibility for three.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711034 |title=7 Palestinians killed, 25 injured in airstrike on southern Gaza |publisher=[[Ma'an News Agency]]|date=8 July 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Palestinian man with child during Operation Protective Edge.jpg|thumb|Palestinian man with child, 8 July]]

Late in the evening, a second rocket was shot down over Tel Aviv.<ref name="jpost.com">{{cite web|last=Lappin |first=Yaakov |url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Iron-Dome-intercepts-second-rocket-over-greater-Tel-Aviv-361994|title=Hamas rockets reach Jerusalem and Tel Aviv |work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Following this air sirens went off in [[Binyamina]] and Hamas stated that a rocket was fired at [[Haifa]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Williams|first=Dan|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/08/us-palestinians-israel-haifa-idUSKBN0FD2A920140708|title=Hamas says fired rocket toward Haifa, northern Israel|publisher=Reuters|date=8 July 2014 |accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> This was all followed by several rockets being fired at Jerusalem and two landing just outside of Jerusalem.<ref name="jpost.com"/> Just before midnight, a rocket hit [[Hadera]], {{convert|28|mi|km}} north of Tel Aviv, making it the longest range rocket ever shot into Israel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182671|title=Fresh Rocket Salvo Hits as Far as Jerusalem|work=Israel national news|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Upon investigation of the shrapnel, Israel determined it was a [[Syria]]n-made M302 Rocket.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Syrian-made-M302-rocket-fired-by-Hamas-at-Hadera-362008|title=Syrian-made M302 rocket fired by Hamas at Hadera|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref>

By the end of 8 July, IAF and the Israeli Navy had struck 435 targets in Gaza, resulting in the death of at least 23 Palestinians, including two children under five, and over 122 injuries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/08/israel-steps-up-offensive-against-gaza-live-updates|title=Israel releases video of militants being shot down after emerging from sea|work=The Guardian|date=8 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4539668,00.html|title=Palestinian report: Islamic Jihad commander, 5 others killed in IAF attack in Beit Hanoun|work=Ynetnews|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Also, during the first day 225 rockets were fired from Gaza into Israel and 40 of out of 225 were intercepted.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wnem.com/story/25961162/israeli-military-masses-troops-along-gaza-border|title=Rockets hit Israeli heartland as offensive begins|publisher=WNEM.com|date=19 June 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4540136,00.html|title=Operation Protective Edge: 435 IDF attacks, 40 rockets intercepted|work=Ynet News|accessdate=9 July 2014}}</ref>

Property damage in Israel totaled approximately 10 million NIS, from 35 vehicles, 52 buildings, 12 agriculture-related damages reported.<ref>{{cite web|last=Elis |first=Niv |url=http://www.jpost.com/Business/Business-News/Rockets-cause-NIS-10-million-in-damage-businesses-across-South-close-361971|title=Rockets cause NIS 10 million in damage, businesses across South close|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=3 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref>

====9 July====
Just after midnight on 9 July, Abbas announced he would convene an emergency meeting of the Palestinian leadership to discuss the escalation,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Abbas-calls-for-emergency-meeting-of-Palestinian-leadership-Wednesday-362006|title=Abbas calls for emergency meeting of Palestinian leadership Wednesday|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> in addition to contacting Egyptian President [[Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi]] to attempt to broker a ceasefire.<ref>{{cite web|last=Horovitz|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-pounds-dozens-of-gaza-targets-in-major-counteroffensive/#at_00:00|title=Israel hits Hamas, Islamic Jihad leaders after rockets land north of Tel Aviv|work=The Times of Israel|date=23 December 2013|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref>

The IDF confirmed that overnight it struck 160 targets in Gaza, bringing the total to 435 sites that Israel has struck, while from Gaza 235 rockets have been fired.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.breakingisraelnews.com/17954/idf-strikes-major-blow-gaza-terrorists-rockets-reach-israels-north|title=IDF Strikes Major Blow to Gaza Terrorists|work=Breaking Israel News|date=2 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> On the morning of 9 July the IDF confirmed that two further rockets had been shot down over Tel Aviv.<ref>{{cite web|last=Shamah |first=David |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-pounds-gaza-targets-after-rocket-barrage-hits-as-far-north-as-hadera/#at_08:51 |title=Abbas: Israel committing 'genocide' against Palestinians in Gaza |work=The Times of Israel|date=6 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In an interview given to ''[[The Guardian]]'' published in the morning, a spokesperson for [[Medical Aid for Palestinians]] stated that at least seven children have died as a result of Israeli air strikes so far.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/09/israel-intercepts-gaza-rockets-heading-for-tel-aviv-live-updates|title=Abbas: Palestinian casualties mount as Israel intensifies Gaza offensive|work=The Guardian|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the afternoon, the Iron Dome shot down a rocket over [[Zichron Yaakov]], 120&nbsp;km (75 miles) from the Gaza border.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web| url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/gaza-missiles-reach-zichron-yaakov-in-northern-israel/2014/07/09|title=Gaza Missiles Reach Zichron Ya'akov in northern Israel|publisher=The Jewish Press|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> This was immediately followed by two rockets landing in the [[Mount Carmel]] region, just short of Haifa; Hamas saif they were responsible,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182702 |title=Rockets Strike as Far North as Haifa |publisher=Israel national news|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> and that Gaza had been hit 500 times in the past two days.<ref name="autogenerated2"/> The IDF announced that they had struck 129 targets in Gaza including Palestinian militants, rocket launchers, weapons stores, tunnels and command centers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28233135 |work=BBC News|title=Israel 'to intensify Gaza attacks'|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early evening two rockets, believed by Israel to have been aimed at Haifa, landed in an open field in [[Caesarea]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182702|title=Rockets Strike as Far North as Haifa|work=Israel national news|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Israel struck a house in Gaza, killing a mother and her two children.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4540499,00.html|title=Woman, two children killed in IDF attack in Gaza Strip, Palestinians report|work=Ynet news|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Palestinians reported that the Islamic Jihad Communications Commander was killed in IAF strike on his house.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4540543,00.html|title=Palestinian report: Islamic Jihad Communications Commander killed in IAF strike|work=Ynet news|date= 9 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Following the Israeli attacks on Gaza, the death toll rose to 43; Abbas called the operation an Israeli genocide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jul-09/263276-abbas-israel-committing-genocide-in-gaza.ashx|title=Abbas: Israel committing 'genocide' in Gaza|work=The Daily Star|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Within the first 36 hours of Operation Protective Edge, Israel hit more targets in Gaza than they had in the full eight days of Operation Pillar of Defense.<ref>{{cite web|last=Harel|first=Amos|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/.premium-1.604054|title=Top IAF officer: Israel struck more Hamas targets in 2 days than entire 2012 operation|work=Haaretz|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

As night fell, Hamas fired multiple rockets toward [[Dimona]], which they said were attempting to hit the nuclear reactors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Rocket-alert-sirens-sound-in-Zichron-Yaakov-120-km-north-of-Gaza-362087|title=Hamas: We attempted to hit the nuclear reactor in Dimona|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Israel continued to strike Gaza; Palestinian casualties rose to 51 dead and 450 injuries<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711489 |title=53 Palestinians killed, over 450 injured in Gaza assault |publisher=Maan News Agency |accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Over the same period of time [[Magen David Adom]] reported that there had been no Israeli deaths and 68 injuries, 59 from shock and nine while running for shelter.<ref>{{cite web|last=Skop|first=Yarden|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603913|title=Live updates blog, July 9: IDF expands Gaza offensive|work=Haaretz|date=19 November 2012|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

As the second day came to an end, the IDF announced that it had hit over 550 targets in Gaza over the first two days.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/IDF-strikes-80-Gaza-targets-in-under-thirty-minutes-362144|title=IDF strikes 80 Gaza targets in under thirty minutes|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Hamas fired approximately 180 rockets into Israel during the second day. Palestinian casualties were 68 dead ans 550 injured (some of them civilians).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/israeli-bombardment-gaza-escalates-20147973229699830.html |title=Scores killed as Israeli jets bombard Gaza |publisher=Al Jazeera English |date=9 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

====10 July====
Shortly after midnight, the UN's Security Council announced that it would hold a special meeting to discuss the current Israel–Palestinian conflict.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4540787,00.html|type=report|title=Security Council to convene tomorrow to discuss Israeli-Palestinian issue|work=Ynetnews|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Several hours later, [[Ban-Ki Moon]] announced that he would be addressing the Security Council and that he had already spoken with several world leaders.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/657369-gaza-on-knife-edge--ban-ki-moon.html|title=Gaza on 'knife edge'|publisher=New vision|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

Throughout the night, Israel continued their targeted attacks on Gaza, hitting several sites, resulting in 14 additional deaths, including some women and children.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711551 |title=Israel airstrikes kill 14 in Gaza on third day of campaign |publisher=Maan News Agency |accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Israel vowed to intensify the attacks as the operation enters its third day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711469|title=Netanyahu: Israel to 'further intensify' attacks on Gaza|publisher=Maan News Agency|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Eight of those killed were members of the Kaware family. Israel announced that although the family was warned, and they did leave the house, they returned after the warning shot hit the house. They returned home moments after the second rocket was fired and it was too late to reprogram.<ref>{{cite news |title=By phone & leaflet, Israeli attackers warn Gazans |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/09/world/middleeast/by-phone-and-leaflet-israeli-attackers-warn-gazans.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=9 July 2014}}</ref> In total 320 sites in Gaza were hit overnight.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/world/israeli-air-raids-hit-320-hamas-targets-overnight-gaza-slides-towards-war-1612669.html |title=Israeli air raids hit over 320 Hamas targets overnight as Gaza slides towards war |work=First post |date=7 July 2014 |accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

On the morning of 10 July, Gazan rockets were fired at Tel Aviv, Dimona, Mitzpe Ramon, Eshkol, Ashkelon, Netivot, Yeruham, and other locations. Finance Minister Yair Lapid warned that there would be an IDF ground operation if the rocket fire did not stop.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4540871,00.html |title=Iron Dome downs Gaza rockets over Tel Aviv; Dimona targeted |work=Ynetnews |date=10 July 2014 |accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> During the morning of 10 July, an [[IDF Spokesperson's Unit|IDF Spokesman]] said that since the beginning of the operation in Israel 234 missiles had exploded and 61 rockets had been hit by the counter-rocket defense system Iron Dome. Israel additionally issued a warning to the 100,000 residents of Gaza near the border with Israel to evacuate their homes, leading many to believe that preparations for an Israeli ground offensive are underway.<ref>{{cite web|first=Renée|last=Lewis|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/10/gaza-israel-war.html|title=Apparent rocket fire from Lebanon hits near Israel's northern border |publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early afternoon, at an IDF checkpoint on Highway 5, a car with Palestinian plates carrying Palestinians Arabs was stopped. The car contained two cooking gas tanks connected to what is believed to be a detonation device. [[Shin Bet]] is investigating what is believed to have been a car bomb.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/police-find-and-stop-car-bomb-on-route-5/2014/07/10/ |title=Police Find and Stop Car Bomb On Highway 5 [video]|publisher=The Jewish Press |accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> One of the two suspects later confessed they intended to perpetrate a terror attack.<ref>{{cite web|last=Shamah|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-vows-harsher-strikes-on-defiant-hamas-as-conflict-enters-3rd-day/#at_15:16|title=Hamas defiant as Israel said to ready for Gaza ground operation|work=The Times of Israel|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the late afternoon, Israel struck three Islamic Jihad members, Mahmoud Walud, Hazm Balusha, and Alla'a Abd al-Nabi, whom Israel holds responsible for rockets fired at Tel Aviv.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/IDF-targets-3-Islamic-Jihad-terrorists-in-northern-Gaza-362283|title=IDF targets 3 Islamic Jihad terrorists in northern Gaza|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> With this strike, the total number of Palestinians killed in day three of the operation reached 33.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711567 |title=Israeli airstrikes kill dozens in Gaza |publisher=Maan News Agency |accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF also announced that 96 rockets had been fired from Gaza on 10 July and that 442 rockets had been launched over the past three days.<ref>{{cite web|last=Shamah|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-vows-harsher-strikes-on-defiant-hamas-as-conflict-enters-3rd-day/#at_17:04|title=Hamas defiant as Israel said to ready for Gaza ground operation|work=The Times of Israel|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early evening, siren went off around Jerusalem, for the second time in the three-day-old operation. Two rockets were shot down over Jerusalem by the Iron Dome and one landed in the Abu Ghosh area.<ref>{{cite news|first=Aron|last=Heller|agency=Associated Press|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/israel-escalates-aerial-offensive-gaza-24503822|title=Lebanese Rockets Hit Israel in Offensive's 4th Day|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In the evening, the US Consulate General in Jerusalem announced aid for any US citizens in Gaza who wish to leave.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jerusalem.usconsulate.gov/sm071014.html|title=2014 Messages to U.S. Citizens|publisher=Consulate General of the United States|place=Jerusalem|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> The US Consulate announcement came as Israel announced it would intensify the strikes in Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/headlines-breaking-stories/246114/a-statement-from-pm-netanyahu-to-the-international-community.html|work=The Yeshiva World|title=A Statement from PM Netanyahu to the International Community|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> Additionally, Israel announced that their goal is not a ceasefire, but that they want to fully dismantle Hamas's infrastructure.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ravid|first=Barak|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.604375|title=Israel's UN envoy: Goal is not cease-fire, but to dismantle Hamas rocket infrastructure|section=Diplomacy and Defense, Israel News|work=Haaretz|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

As in the past few nights, militants from Gaza chose to shoot a large number of rockets into Israel during the 20:00 news broadcast, with tonight's resulting in a number of injuries after a direct hit on a house.<ref name="israelnationalnews1">{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182755|title=At Least One Seriously Wounded from Terror Fire|first=Arutz|last=Sheva|work=Israel national news|accessdate= 11 July 2014}}</ref> Initial reports indicated that an Israeli was killed when a rocket hit their car, however this was later proven to be untrue as the car was empty, and the Israeli death count remained at zero since the operation started.<ref name="israelnationalnews1"/>

As the third day of fighting came to an end, Israel announced that 144 rockets had been shot at Israel on 10 July,<ref name="israelnationalnews1"/> and 442 since the operation started.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://main.omanobserver.om/?p=94581|title=Death toll rises to 77 as Israel strikes Gaza|work=Oman Observer|accessdate= 11 July 2014}}</ref> This rocket fire has resulted in injuries to 123 people; one seriously, 21 moderately to lightly and 101 from shock.<ref name="HaaretzDay3">{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.604161|title=Operation Protective Edge, day 3|newspaper=Haaretz|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> Israel had struck 201 targets In Gaza, resulting in 23 deaths<ref name="Yourkell">Karen Yourish, Josh Keller [http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/07/15/world/middleeast/toll-israel-gaza-conflict.html 'The Toll in Gaza and Israel, Day by Day'], ''[[New York Times]]'', 16 July 2014; accessed 22 July 2014.</ref> and carried out almost 900 airstrikes on the Gaza strip since the start of the operation, killing at least 90 Palestinians (part of them were civilians).<ref name="ToIDay4">{{cite news|last=Mullen|first=Jethro|title=Rocket fired into northern Israel from Lebanon as Gaza conflict continues|date=11 July 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/07/11/world/meast/mideast-tensions/ |publisher=CNN}}</ref> Additionally, they announced that they are ready for a long battle<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4541474,00.html|title=Hamas: 'We are ready for a long battle'|work=Ynet news|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> and that they plan a ground operation to free Palestinian prisoners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4541475,00.html|title=Hamas: ground operation is only chance to release Palestinian prisoners|work=Ynet news|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

====11 July====
[[File:Operation Protective Edge (14654759733).jpg|thumbnail|The remains of a building in [[Beersheba]] ([[Israel]]), after a direct hit from a rocket in the fourth day of the Operation, (11 July 2014)]]
At approximately 03:30, the Iron Dome counter-rocket defense system shot down a rocket over Haifa, the first time a rocket from Gaza reached that far.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Missiles-fired-at-Haifa-Hadera-Zichron-Yaakov-362353|title=IDF examining whether missiles were fired at Haifa and area|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> An elderly woman running for cover when hearing the sirens collapsed and was pronounced dead at the scene.<ref name="ToIDay4"/>

In the early morning, Hussein Izzat Atwe, a member of Al-Jamaa Al-Islamiya fired rockets at Israel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Al Jamaa member behind rockets fired at Israel|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2014/Jul-12/263621-al-jamaa-member-behind-rockets-fired-at-israel.ashx|newspaper=The Daily Star|place=[[Lebanon|LB]]|date=12 July 2014}}</ref> from the [[Hasbaya]] region of Lebanon. Only one projectile was reported to have hit Israel and caused little or no damage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2014/Jul-11/263499-two-rockets-fired-from-s-lebanon-towards-israel.ashx#axzz378Lgj8dG|title=At least one rocket fired from Lebanon hits Israel|work=The Daily Star|place=[[Lebanon|LB]]|date=23 May 2014|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Shamah|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/operation-protective-edge-israel-hamas-day-4|title=Rockets fired from Lebanon as attacks from Gaza continue|work=The Times of Israel|date=11 November 2013|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref> When Lebanon investigated they found six additional rockets ready to be fired, including one which had exploded when fired.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2014/Jul-11/263507-rocket-attack-from-lebanon-draws-israeli-fire.ashx|title=Suspects arrested in south Lebanon rocket attack|newspaper=The Daily Star|place=[[Lebanon|LB]]}}</ref> One man was later arrested in connection with the rocket fire after police found blood in his car which matched blood found at the scene of the rocket launchers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/lebanese-police-arrest-abu-qais-suspicion-firing-rocket-israel-1625352|title=Lebanese Police Arrest Abu Qais In Suspicion of Firing A Rocket Into Israel|work=The IB Times}}</ref>

Israeli troops fired 25 artillery shells into Lebanon at the outskirts of the village of Kfar Shuba.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/limited-fire-exchange-lebanon-israel-border-1182183540|title=Limited fire exchange at the Lebanon-Israel border|newspaper=Middle East Eye}}</ref>

In the early evening, Egypt seized rockets that were being smuggled from Gaza into Egypt; it was believed these were to be used to fire on Israel.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/106003/Egypt/Politics-/Egyptian-forces-seize-rockets-being-smuggled-from-.aspx|title=Egyptian forces seize rockets being smuggled from Gaza to Sinai|place=[[Egypt|EG]]|newspaper=Ahram|edition=online}}</ref>

After three and a half days of the operation, Israel had struck 1,090 sites in Gaza, while 525 rockets had been fired from Gaza at Israel.<ref name="maannews.net">{{cite news|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711990 |title=Death toll passes 100 as Israel continues Gaza assault|publisher=Maan News Agency}}</ref>

In the evening, two Israeli soldiers were injured by anti-aircraft missiles near [[Nahal Oz]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4541832,00.html |title=Two soldiers wounded by anti-aircraft missiles at IDF in Nahal Oz area|date=11 July 2014|work=YnetNews}}</ref>
By the end of that day, Israel had struck 235 targets in Gaza, resulting in 23 deaths. From Gaza 137 rockets were fired toward Israel, causing no deaths.<ref name="Yourkell"/>

====12 July====
An IDF strike targeting Gaza police chief Tayseer Al-Batsah's home killed 21 people and wounded 45.<ref name="timesofisrael.com">{{cite web|last=Rettig |first=Haviv |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/21-said-killed-in-strike-on-gaza-police-chiefs-house|title=21 said killed in strike on Gaza police chief's house|work=The Times of Israel|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> The police chief's Gaza City house was nearly destroyed by two rockets.<ref name="haaretz live">{{cite news|title=LIVE UPDATES: 15 Palestinians killed in Israeli airstrike in Gaza City|work=Haaretz|date=13 July 2014|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.604570|accessdate=13 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="reutersgaza">{{cite news|last1=Al-Mughrabi|first1=Nidal|last2=Lubell|first2=Maayan|title=Gaza death toll rises; Hamas fires rockets at Tel Aviv|publisher=Reuters|date=12 July 2014|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/12/us-palestinians-israel-idUSKBN0FC0JP20140712|accessdate=12 July 2014}}</ref> Many of those killed were leaving a mosque, next door to the home, at the time of the strike.<ref>{{cite web|last=Casey|first=Nicholas|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/death-toll-in-gaza-hits-121-1405154706 |title=Egypt Leader Meets Blair in Effort to End Conflict |work=Wall Street Journal|date=12 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Just before dawn, an IDF missile hit a center for disabled people in northern Gaza killing two of its residents and injuring five more. A mosque which the IDF said was being used as an armory was also hit.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/13/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-strip.html?_r=0|title=As Israel Hits Mosque and Clinic, Air Campaign's Risks Come Home|work=New York Times|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref>

A series of ten rockets aimed at Tel Aviv were launched, for which Hamas claimed responsibility; no casualties were reported.<ref name="reutersgaza"/> At around 20:00 in the evening, Hamas convened a news conference and announced that at 21:00 they would fire J80 rockets into central Israel that would challenge the Iron Dome system. The Iron Dome system intercepted three of the rockets; the rest fell in open areas.; there were no injuries and minor shrapnel damage. In response, the IDF launched a combined attack involving artillery, helicopters, and fighter jets on many targets throughout the Gaza Strip.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://reshet.tv/%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA/news/Politics/zok_aitan/Article,156704.aspx |title=אחרי האיום בתקיפה: יירוט מעל שמי גוש דן|publisher=Reshet.tv |date=12 July 2014 |accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Later in the evening, three rockets were fired from Gaza toward the Jewish settlement of [[Efrat]], but all three landed in Palestinian neighborhoods; two in [[Bethlehem]] and one in [[Hebron]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=712463|title=Rockets from Gaza land in Bethlehem, Hebron|publisher=Ma'an News Agency|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Around 23:00, two rockets were fired from Lebanon into western Galilee, causing no casualties; the IDF responded with artillery fire.<ref name="haaretz live"/> By day's end, Israel had struck 180 targets in Gaza 180 targets, resulting in 51 deaths. From Gaza 125 rockets were fired toward Israel, with no deaths.<ref name="Yourkell"/>

====13 July====
[[File:Gaza Strip July 2014 a constant state of emergency 1.jpg|thumb|An elementary school in Gaza’s Rimal neighborhood, where [[UNRWA]] is housing refugees who left their homes on orders from the Israeli military on the night between 12 and 13 July 2014]]
By the start of the sixth day, Israel had struck 1,320 sites within Gaza,<ref name="timesofisrael.com"/> resulting in 167 deaths and more than 1,000 injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=712537|title=Gaza death toll at 167 as deadly Israeli strikes continue|publisher=Maan News Agency|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> During the same time frame, more than 600 rockets have been launched at Israel from Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/gaza-residents-told-leave-own-safety-195208661.html|title=Israel's Threat As Thousands Flee Northern Gaza|place=UK|publisher=Yahoo! News|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early hours of the morning, Israeli naval commandos approached Gaza via the al-Sudaniya beach. Gunfire ensued, resulting in three Palestinian deaths and four IDF soldiers injured.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/israeli-forces-carry-out-raid-on-rocket-base-in-gaza-strip/2014/07/12/92bf92b2-0a37-11e4-a0dd-f2b22a257353_story.html|title=Israeli forces carry out raid on rocket base in Gaza Strip|work=The Washington Post|agency=Associated Press|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Israel stated that their mission was successful, and it took out several long-range rocket launchers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/rockets-israel-israeli-troops-enter-gaza/story?id=24539288 |title=More Rockets Into Israel After Israeli Raid Into Gaza |publisher=ABC News |date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

At 6:00am, 670 those living in Gaza with dual citizenship were given a chance to be escorted by the IDF out of Gaza and to their respective embassies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/hundreds-of-us-and-european-arabs-leave-gaza/2014/07/13/ |title=Hundreds of US and European-Arabs Leave Gaza |publisher=The Jewish Press |date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> A 30 minute window was given to people wishing to leave; many people missed this opportunity and remained in Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|first=Sheera|last=Frenkel|url=http://www.buzzfeed.com/sheerafrenkel/hundreds-of-us-citizens-are-left-stranded-in-gaza-after-evac|title=Hundreds of US Citizens Are Left Stranded In Gaza After Evacuation Plan Fails Them|publisher=Buzzfeed |date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Later in the morning, Israel began dropping leaflets, making telephone calls, and sending texts warning Palestinians in northern Gaza to evacuate by noon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/israeli-airstrikes-hit-mosque-palestinian-death-toll-rises-120-article-1.1864196|title=Israeli military orders Palestinians in northern Gaza Strip to evacuate 'for their own safety' as death toll rises|work=NY Daily News|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Schools in Gaza have been opened to shelter those who are evacuating their homes; which can shelter up to 35,000 people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=712617 |title=Thousands flee northern Gaza in fear of Israeli attack|agency=Maan News Agency|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Although Hamas discouraged people from following Israel's advice, it is believed that approximately 10,000 did, in fact, leave.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4542872,00.html|title=Some 10,000 Palestinians evacuate northern Gaza, arrive at UNRWA aid shelter|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> After Israel began striking their targets in the north the number of people who left their home was reported at 17,000,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182858#.U8Lgq2JdXDg|title=Over 17,000 Gazans Flee their Homes|publisher=Israelnationalnews.com|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> totaling about 25% of the town's 70,000 residence.<ref>{{cite web|author=Nidal al-Mughrabi and Jeffrey Heller|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/14/us-palestinians-israel-idUSKBN0FI04420140714|title=Egypt launches initiative to halt Israel-Palestinian conflict|publisher=Reuters|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the morning, Palestinians fired four rockets at [[Gush Dan]], the [[Shfela]], and Ashdod.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mako.co.il/news-military/security/Article-727cb2c1d5d2741004.htm?sCh=3d385dd2dd5d4110&pId=1898243326|title=הבוקר: רקטות יורטו מעל השפלה ואשדוד |publisher=Mako.co.il|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> A boy was seriously injured in an Ashkelon rocket attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART2/595/791.html|title=מטח רקטות לאשקלון: בן 16 נפצע קשה |publisher=Nrg.co.il|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> In the afternoon, Hamas fired a heavy barrage of [[Fajr-5]], [[Qassam rocket|M-75]] and [[LAR-160|M-160]] rockets to all parts of the country, including Ashkelon and Gush Dan. Iron Dome intercepted a rocket over [[Rishon Le-Zion]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=1068686|title=תיעוד: כיפת ברזל מיירטת טיל מעל ראשון לציון|publisher=News.nana10.co.il |date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> the [[Sharon plain]] and Haifa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iba.org.il/bet/?entity=1025753&type=1 |title=מתקפת רקטות אל שטח ישראל|publisher=Iba.org.il |date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the evening, a rocket fired from Gaza hit the infrastructure in Israel that provides electricity 70,000 Palestinians in Gaza, cutting off their power.<ref>{{cite news|last=Udasin|first=Sharon|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Gazan-rocket-knocks-out-power-for-70000-Gazans-362624|title=Gazan rocket knocks out power for 70,000 Gazans|work=Jerusalem Post|date=14 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> This was followed by a break from the rocket fire, which correlated with the [[2014 FIFA World Cup|World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Ben|first=Ariel|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/In-the-Arab-world-does-World-Cup-soccer-trump-the-Gaza-war-362626|title=In the Arab world, does World Cup soccer trump the Gaza war?|work=Jerusalem Post|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

By day's end, Israel had struck 173 targets in Gaza, resulting in 13 deaths. 130 rockets were fired from Gaza toward Israel, but there were no resulting fatalities.<ref name="Yourkell"/>

====14 July====
By the start of day seven of the operation, there had been 1,320 strikes by Israel in Gaza,<ref name="bbc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28282291 |publisher=BBC|title=Thousands flee northern Gaza after Israel warnings|date=14 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> and 940 rockets fired from Gaza at Israel.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Nidal|last1=al-Mughrabi|first2=Dan|last2=Williams|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/13/us-palestinians-israel-idUSKBN0FI04420140713|title=Israel holds off on escalating Gaza barrage; West wants truce|publisher=Reuters|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early afternoon, the IDF announced it had utilized a [[MIM-104 Patriot]] missile to down a drone, near Ashdod, which came from Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2014/07/14/israel-says-its-downed-drone-along-southern-coast |title=Israel says it's downed drone along southern coast as Gaza conflict enters 7th day|work=U.S. News & World Report |accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref> Hamas later took responsibility for this drone, stating they had sent six into Israel, which successfully completed three missions over IDF military bases.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/israel-downed-drone-gaza-death-toll-climbs/story?id=24548970|title=Israel Says It Downed Drone as Gaza Death Toll Climbs|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early evening, Hamas said it destroyed an IDF [[Merkava]] tank stationed near Gaza with a [[Kornet]] anti-tank missile; Israel responded that the [[Trophy (countermeasure)|Trophy Active Protection System]] destroyed the missile, which caused no damage or injuries.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rettig |first=Haviv |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/after-six-days-of-hamas-rocket-attacks-gazans-flee-threatened-new-israeli-strikes-operation-protective-edge-day-7/#liveblog-entry-1027851 |title =Cabinet to meet on Egyptian ceasefire plan Tuesday morning |work=The Times of Israel|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

As day seven of the operation came to an end, news broke that a ceasefire negotiated by Egypt was close to being announced, effective 9:00am the following day.<ref>{{cite web|last=Abu|first=Khaled|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Egypt-proposes-Israel-Gaza-ceasefire-in-effect-as-of-Tuesday-morning-362771|title=Egypt proposes Israel-Gaza ceasefire for Tuesday morning|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate= 17 July 2014}}</ref> This would be followed by negotiations in [[Cairo]] on 10 July.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://forward.com/articles/202057/israel-cabinet-to-meet-on-gaza-ceasefire-plan|title=Israel Cabinet To Meet on Gaza Ceasefire Plan|work=Forward|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Hamas acknowledged that negotiations were ongoing, however no agreements had been finalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=713088|title=Hamas official: Gaza truce efforts ongoing, no deal yet|publisher=Maan News Agency|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

On 14 July, 115 rockets were fired from Gaza toward Israel, causing no fatalities. Israel struck 163 targets in Gaza, causing six deaths<ref name="Yourkell"/> and 192 overall.<ref>{{cite web|last=Booth|first=William|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/after-a-week-of-fighting-between-israel-and-hamas-talk-turns-to-diplomacy/2014/07/14/c1bf9f84-0536-4dc5-93b7-cc51ba3e4aa3_story.html|title=Israel accepts truce plan; Hamas balks |work=The Washington Post|date=13 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF said that after the first seven days they believed 3,000 of the 9,000 rockets in Gaza had been destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4543475,00.html|title=IDF: Hamas wants cease-fire; we've destroyed 3,000 rockets|work=Ynetnews|date=20 June 1995 |accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> 1,050 rockets had been fired at Israel,<ref>{{cite news|first=Ben|last=Lynfield|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-eu-pushes-for-ceasefire-but-israelis-back-benjamin-netanyahu-and-want-bombardment-to-continue-9605927.html|title=Israel-Gaza conflict: EU pushes for ceasefire but Israelis back Benjamin Netanyahu and want bombardment to continue|newspaper=The Independent|place=UK|date=19 March 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> leaving roughly 5,000 remaining rockets as of that time and date.

===Week 2===

====15 July====
[[File:Operation Protective Edge (14687639573).jpg|250px|thumb|School in [[Rishon LeZion]] damaged by Palestinian rocket on 15 July 2014]]
[[File:Gaza 15.07.2014.jpg|thumbnail|Wounded child receiving treatment at [[Shifa Hospital]] in Gaza]]
[[File:Operation Protective Edge (14481235829).jpg|thumb|Israeli soldiers shielding a 4-year old boy during a rocket attack.]]

During the night, for the first time during the operation, two rockets were fired at Eilat, from Egypt.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Rocket-lands-in-Eilat-causing-light-injuries-and-damage-362796|title=Two rockets land in Eilat, cause light injuries and damage|work=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

At 07:00, Israel announced it had officially voted to accept the ceasefire proposed by Egypt for 09:00.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/15/world/meast/mideast-crisis|title=Cease-fire effort fails as rockets, airstrikes continue|publisher=CNN|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Hamas said they were not consulted on the ceasefire, and if they had accepted it, it would have been a surrender rather than a truce, and fired 40 rockets into Israel within the first five hours of the proposed ceasefire timeframe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.albawaba.com/news/hamas-ceasefire-590486 |title=Hamas: We were not consulted on ceasefire|publisher=Al Bawaba|date=19 March 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> [[Ismail Haniyeh]], the deputy head of the Hamas political bureau, stated that although Hamas was contacted about the ceasefire, they would not accept it unless Israel gave fulfilled the "demands of the Palestinian people", such as ending the blockade.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hamas rejects Egypt ceasefire plan for Gaza|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/hamas-rejects-egypt-ceasefire-plan-gaza-201471543638311569.html|accessdate=15 July 2014|agency=Al Jazeera}}</ref>

At approximately 15:00, six hours after Israel announced it would accept the ceasefire, Netanyahu announced that, due to the continued rocket fire from Gaza, they would be renewing their strikes.<ref>{{cite news|first1=Ian|last1=Lee|first2=Jethro|last2=Mullen|first3=Ed|last3=Payne|agency=CNN|url=http://www.click2houston.com/news/israeli-cabinet-to-consider-ceasefire/26957062|title='Failure not an option': Gaza peace elusive|publisher=Click 2 Houston|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Netanyahu, on the evening of 15 July, fired Deputy Defense Minister [[Danny Danon]]. According to Netanyahu's associates, Danon lost his job for stating that Hamas had "humiliated" Israel.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hoffman|first=Gil|title=Netanyahu fires Deputy Defense Minister Danon for attacking him|url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Netanyahu-fires-Deputy-Defense-Minister-Danon-who-was-highly-critical-of-Gaza-strategy-362930|accessdate=15 July 2014|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=15 July 2014}}</ref>

In the evening, eight days into the operation, an Israeli man, Dror Hanin,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/07/17/332205089/two-funerals-in-israel-and-gaza-each-side-mourns-its-dead|title=Two Funerals: In Israel And Gaza, Each Side Mourns Its Dead|newspaper=Parallels|publisher=NPR|date=17 July 2014}}</ref> was injured by a mortar shell and later died, the second Israeli death since the beginning of the operation (the first being an elderly woman in [[Haifa]]).<ref name="jpost1">{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Barrage-of-rockets-fired-from-Gaza-despite-Israels-acceptance-of-ceasefire-362839|title=First Israeli death of Gaza operation as mortar shell kills man at Erez Crossing|work=Jerusalem Post|date=15 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

On 15 July, Israel had struck 96 targets in Gaza, resulting in 16 deaths and 156 rockets had been fired toward Israel.
In eight days Israel had struck 1,603 targets in Gaza, causing 194 deaths. From Gaza 1,147 rockets were launched toward Israel, causing one Israeli death.<ref name="Yourkell"/>

====16 July====
Around midnight, the start of day nine of fighting, Netanyahu vowed to intensify and expand Israeli strikes after accelerated rocket lauches from Gaza during the six hour Israeli cessation of hostilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28317312|title=Gaza conflict: Strikes will 'intensify', says Netanyahu|publisher=BBC News|date=1 January 1970|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

During the night, Israeli warplanes bombed the house of senior Hamas leader [[Mahmoud al-Zahar]]. Israel also hit the homes of several Hamas leaders including Bassem Naim, Fathi Hammad and Ismail al-Ashqar, all four homes were reportedly empty at the time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/news/world/middle-east/story/israel-air-raid-targets-senior-hamas-leaders-home-officials-20140716|title=Israel air raid targets senior Hamas leader's home: officials|work=Straits Times|date=16 July 2014 |accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Shortly after these attacks, it was announced the death toll within Gaza had surpassed 200 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/new-israeli-air-strikes-bring-gaza-toll-to-200-medics/article/390129|title=Israel warns 100,000 Gazans to flee as truce efforts resume|publisher=Digitaljournal.com |date=15 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> During the night, Israel sent pre-recorded messages to approximately 100,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4544344,00.html|title=Source: 100,000 Gaza told to evacuate|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> people in Gaza City to leave their homes by 8am.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4544347,00.html|title=Voice message to Gaza City residents: 'Evacuate by 8am'|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Magen David Adom in the evening reported that they offered to transfer donated blood to help those injured in Gaza; however the Palestinian Authority rejected the blood and rejected their offer to help run blood drives.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/abbas-refuses-israeli-blood-donation-as-idf-resumes-bombing-gaza/2014/07/15|title=Abbas Refuses Israeli Blood Donation as IDF Resumes Bombing Gaza|publisher=The Jewish Press |date=19 May 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early afternoon, Hamas and the PIJ proposed a ten year truce with Israel. The Palestinian terms for a truce included:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=713579|title=Report: Hamas, Islamic Jihad offer 10-year truce|publisher=Maannews.net|date=16 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>
* IDF moving their tanks further into Israel from Gaza
* Re-release of all prisoners freed in exchange for Gilad Shalit and arrested during Operation Brother's Keeper
* Remove blockage from all borders with the Rafah crossings on UN control
* Establish an airport in Gaza under UN control
* Expand fishing zone to 13&nbsp;km
* Israel borders with Gaza controlled by the UN
* Israel cannot intervene in the Palestinian unity government
* Israel must give Gaza residents permission to visit Jerusalem and pray in the [[Al-Aqsa Mosque]]

Later in the afternoon, four Palestinian boys, aged between 9 and 11, were killed on a Gaza beach by a shell fired by an Israeli naval gunboat.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff|url=http://news.yahoo.com/four-children-killed-israeli-shelling-gaza-medical-officials-140109147.html|title=Four children killed by Israeli shelling in Gaza: medical officials|publisher=News.yahoo.com|date=20 April 2011|accessdate= 17 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="BeachTragedy">{{cite news|title=Increasing number of children dying in Israeli Hamas conflict|url=http://www.israelherald.com/index.php/sid/223863915/scat/f81a4d9d561822ee/ht/Increasing-number-of-children-dying-in-Israeli-Hamas-conflict|accessdate=18 July 2014|work=Israel Herald}}</ref>

During the day, [[UNRWA]] discovered approximately 20 rockets hidden in a vacant school in the Gaza Strip.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/press-releases/unrwa-strongly-condemns-placement-rockets-school|title=Strongly Condemns Placement of Rockets in School|publisher=UNRWA|date=17 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Israel claimed that the rockets were returned to Hamas.<ref>{{cite web|last=Horovitz|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/un-agency-handed-rockets-back-to-hamas-israel-says|title=UN agency handed rockets back to Hamas, Israel says|publisher=The Times of Israel|date=23 February 2011|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref> Christopher Gunness, the spokesperson of UNRWA, has denied this, saying that "According to longstanding UN practice in UN humanitarian operations worldwide, incidents involving unexploded ordnance that could endanger beneficiaries and staff are referred to the local authorities. Local authorities fall under the government of national consensus in Ramallah."<ref name=unrwaRocket>{{cite web|last=Rogin|first=Josh|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/07/20/did-the-united-nations-give-rockets-to-hamas.html|title=Did the United Nations Give Rockets to Hamas?|publisher=The Daily Beast|date=20 July 2014|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=jpostunrwa>{{cite web|last=Rogin|first=Josh|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/UNRWA-denies-giving-rockets-found-on-its-premises-to-Hamas-368358|title=UNRWA denies giving rockets found on its premises to Hamas|publisher=Jerusalem Post|date=21 July 2014|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref>

On 16 July Israel had struck 50 targets in Gaza, resulting in 17 deaths. From Gaza 94 rockets were fired toward Israel, resulting in no fatalities. {{citation needed|date=July 2014}}

====17 July====
During the night, Israel agreed to a five-hour humanitarian ceasefire, proposed by the UN,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/07/16/israel-warns-gazans-to-leave-homes-as-hamas-urged-to-accept-cease-fire|title=Israel, Hamas agree to 5-hour cease-fire to allow humanitarian aid into Gaza|publisher=Fox News|date=1 October 2006|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> followed shortly by Hamas' acceptance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4544968,00.html|title=Turkish report: Hamas agrees to ceasefire|work=YnetNews|date=17 July 2014|author=Elior Levy|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> The ceasefire took place from 10:00 to 15:00, local time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/israel-accepts-humanitarian-ceasefire-after-deaths-four-palestinian-children-1456980|title=Israel Accepts Humanitarian Ceasefire After Deaths of Four Palestinian Children|work=IB Times|place=UK|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Approximately five and a half hours prior to the ceasefire's effect, the IDF sighted 13 armed Hamas militants emerging from a Gazan tunnel on the Israeli side of the Gaza border. The IDF engaged the militants, who sustained casualties, and destroyed the tunnel's exit, ending the incursion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545028,00.html|work=YnetNews|date=17 July 2014|author=Yoav Zitun|title=Gaza terror attack thwarted, IDF stop 13 terrorists attempting to enter Israel}}</ref> No Israeli casualties were sustained in this incident.<ref>{{cite news|author=Elior Levy|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545029,00.html|title=Gaza terror tunnel attack thwarted|work=YnetNews|date=17 June 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Israeli Army Radio reported the men were carrying weapons and abduction-related equipment, including tranquilizers and handcuffs.<ref>{{cite web|last=John|first=Arit|url=http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/07/israel-thwarts-hamas-tunnel-attack-as-temporary-ceasefire-holds/374591|title=Rocket Fire Resumes After Temporary Ceasefire Holds|work=The Wire|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

Approximately two hours into the ceasefire, three rockets were fired from Gaza into Israel. Israel attributed them to Hamas, although responsibility for them was not claimed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/07/17/israel-says-it-thwarts-militant-attack-hours-before-start-humanitarian-cease|title=Militants in Gaza fire rocket at Israel as humanitarian cease-fire window expires|publisher=Fox News|date=1 October 2006|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> At exactly 15:00, at the end of the agreed upon five-hour ceasefire, sirens began ringing again in Israel, in the Ashkelon region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/gaza-militants-sneak-israel-ahead-cease-fire/story?id=24594286|title=Gaza Ceasefire Ends as Cairo Talks Simmer|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early evening, for the second time since the operation began, the IDF shot down a drone launched from Gaza into Israel, using an [[MIM-104 Patriot]] missile.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545505,00.html|title=IDF intercepts another Hamas UAV|newspaper=YnetNews|date=17 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> Hamas later acknowledged having launched the drone.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.yahoo.com/israel-shoots-town-hamas-drone-190504746.html|title=Israel shoots town Hamas drone|publisher=Yahoo News|agency=AFP|date=17 July 2014|accessdate=21 July 2014}}</ref>

At the beginning of the night, the IDF artillery batteries fired hundreds of shells into the northern Gaza strip after warning civilians to leave the area. Hamas ordered civilians not to leave, and some were still present when the attack started. At approximately 22:30, the PIJ reported on their TV station that IDF ground troops had entered Gaza.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/IDF-intensifies-Gaza-attacks-with-artillery-fire-air-strikes-363289 IDF starts Gaza ground offensive], jpost.com; accessed 21 July 2014.</ref> Shortly afterward, Netanyahu and [[Ministry of Defense (Israel)|Defence Minister]] [[Moshe Ya'alon]] announced that they had ordered a ground incursion into Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545459,00.html|publisher=Ynetnews.com|title=IDF begins ground operation in the Gaza Strip|date=17 July 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> The Egyptian government stated that it held Hamas responsible for the hostilities leading to Israel's ground operations, as Hamas had been offered but rejected a ceasefire.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Egypt-blames-Hamas-for-IDFs-ground-operation-363300 Egypt blames Hamas for IDF's ground offensive], jpost.com; accessed 21 July 2014.</ref> Israeli Prime minister Netanyahu said that the ground invasion's task was to disable the tunnels near the border used by Hamas to invade Israel.

Shortly after Israel's ground forces entered Gaza, Israeli tanks began shelling Wafa Hospital in Gaza.<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=713998 Director: Israeli tanks shelling Gaza rehab hospital], Maan News Agency; accessed 21 July 2014.</ref> Israel said it had given the hospital multiple advance warnings to evacuate their 17 patients before attacking a weapons storage facility at the hospital.<ref>[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/07/17/uk-palestinians-israel-idUKKBN0FM2ME20140717 Israel launches ground offensive in Gaza Strip], Reuters.com; accessed 21 July 2014.</ref>

====18 July====
[[File:Gaza War 18.07.2014.jpg|thumb|Operation Protective Edge, east of Gaza City, 18 July]]
Shortly after midnight, the IDF announced approval to call up 18,000 additional reserves,<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Cabinet-authorizes-call-up-of-an-additional-18000-IDF-reserves-363310|title=Cabinet authorizes call-up of an additional 18,000 IDF reserves|publisher=JPost|date=18 July 2014|accessdate= 22 July 2014}}</ref> bringing the total reserves IDF allowed to call to 72,000. Overnight the IDF destroyed the home of PIJ leader Abdullah al-Shami.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545705,00.html|title=IDF destroys home of Islamic Jihad leader Abdullah al-Shami in Gaza City|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> One Israeli soldier was killed.

In the morning Israel announced that fourteen militants were killed in Gaza overnight, the first night with ground soldiers in Gaza,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545748,00.html|title=Military official: 14 terrorists killed in Gaza Strip|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> bringing total casualties, of combatants and civilians, to 248 killed and 1,920 injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545749,00.html|title=Since beginning of 'Operation Protective Edge' 248 Palestinians killed|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> 13 militants surrendered to the IDF.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545926,00.html|title=Since beginning of ground operation, 17 terrorists killed, 13 arrested|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

In the early afternoon, Israel announced that paratroopers had found eight tunnels<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545986,00.html|title=Paratroopers uncover 8 shafts to smuggling tunnels while fighting in Gaza|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995 |accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> and later announced that thirteen more tunnels had been discovered.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4546036,00.html|title=IDF troops uncover thirteen smuggling tunnels in Gaza|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

The IDF said it killed seventeen militants in several exchanges of fire, and arrested thirteen later on Friday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4545757,00.html|title=IDF troops hit 260 targets in Gaza; soldiers uncover 21 smuggling tunnels|publisher=Ynetnews.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> In the evening, the IDF entered a building and killed three militants, uncovering a stockpile of weapons that included [[anti-tank missile]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4546055,00.html|title=Armored unit kills three militants in Gaza, find stockpile of anti-tank miss...|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

====19 July====
[[File:Airstrike of a house in Gaza.jpg|thumb| Airstrike of a house in Gaza, 19 July]]
Shortly after midnight, the IDF said that the death count for militants since entering Gaza has risen above 40 and had arrested an additional 21 militants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Three-Israeli-soldiers-injured-in-Gaza-363416|title=Three Israeli soldiers injured in Gaza|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

In the late morning, nine Hamas militants entered Israel via a tunnel, wearing IDF uniforms and carrying weapons, handcuffs, syringes, and sedatives. They were met by the IDF; one militant and two IDF soldiers were killed, and the remaining militants escaped through the tunnel; several were later killed in Gaza by an Israeli airstrike.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Two-IDF-soldiers-killed-in-clash-with-Hamas-tunnel-infiltrators-363470|title=Three soldiers slain in first days of Gaza ground assault|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

In the afternoon, a rocket shot from Gaza at Israel landed on a tent of a [[Bedouin]] family, killing the father, critically injuring a 4-month-old, and injuring two others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714395|title=Israeli killed, 3 injured as rocket falls near Dimona|publisher=Maannews.net|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> By that night the IDF had uncovered 34 tunnels within Gaza, and was dismantling them.<ref>{{cite web|author=KARIN LAUB and TIA GOLDENBERG|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/israeli-military-seek-destroy-gaza-tunnels-24634834|title=Scores Dead in First Major Ground Battle in Gaza|publisher=Abcnews.go.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

On 19 July, over 94 rockets were fired from Gaza at Israel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/prayer-rally-at-western-wall-and-gaza-updates/2014/07/20|title=Prayer Rally at Western Wall and Gaza Updates|publisher=The Jewish Press|date=15 July 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> That day the IDF hit 140 sites in Gaza, bringing the total to 260 since the ground operation started,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ejpress.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49829&catid=25|title=Two Israeli soldiers killed in terrorist infiltration |publisher=Ejpress.org|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> causing 49 Palestinian deaths on that day and 348 since the operation started.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/article-154390-Toll-in-Gaza-hits-343-on-day-12-of-Israel-campaign|title=Toll in Gaza hits 348 on day 13 of Israel campaign|publisher=thenews.com.pk|date=15 July 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

====20 July====
[[File:IDF Soldiers Search fo Terror Tunnels in Gaza.jpg|thumb|The IDF searching for [[Gaza Strip smuggling tunnels|smuggling tunnels in the Gaza Strip]]]]
[[File:Massacre in Shuja'iyya 20.07.2014.mp4 snapshot 01.05.jpg|thumbnail|Snapshot taken in Shuja'iyya]]
In the morning the IDF announced that two further IDF soldiers had been killed. On 19 July, a militant entered Israel via a tunnel and shot an Israeli soldier dead, before being killed by other IDF personnel; the other soldier was killed by an anti-tank missile.<ref>{{cite news|title=Two more soldiers killed in two separate incidents in Gaza|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/two-more-soldiers-killed-in-two-separate-incidents-in-gaza|newspaper=The Times of Israel}}</ref> According to Hamas, five IDF soldiers had been killed in the attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714530|title=Hamas armed wing: 5 Israeli soldiers killed in new cross-border attack|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

At approximately 01:00, an Israeli armored personnel carrier in [[Shuja'iyya]] was hit by an anti-tank missile, killing all seven IDF soldiers inside.<ref name="July20">{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4547088,00.html|title=IDF begins naming 13 soldiers killed in Gaza on Sunday|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> In the [[Shuja'iyya Incident (2014)|ensuing conflict]] in Shuja'iyya, 72 Palestinians<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/More-bodies-recovered-in-Shejaia-say-Palestinian-officials-as-death-count-rises-363627|title=More bodies recovered in Shejaia, say Palestinian officials, as death count rises|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> died in what local medical authorities,<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714820 '100 killed in Israeli assault on Sunday alone'], [[Ma'an News Agency]] 20 July 2014.</ref> along with Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, called a massacre. (See [[Shuja'iyya Incident (2014)]]). The IDF stated that Shuja'iyya had been the site of 8% of the rocket launches since 8 July, and that residents had been warned to leave two days earlier.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4547139,00.html|title=More than 65 killed in Israeli shelling in Gaza City|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

Hamas requested via the [[Red Crescent]] a humanitarian ceasefire for the Shuja'iyya neighborhood to allow the evacuation of wounded from the area. The IDF agreed, and the ceasefire began at 13:30; however, only an hour into the truce, IDF troops came under fire and responded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4546861,00.html|title=Israel extends Gaza humanitarian truce after rocky start|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995 |accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> Despite the issues during the ceasefire, Israel agreed to extend it by one hour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rt.com/news/174192-hamas-israel-ceasefire-cross|title=Deadly Sunday in Gaza: At least 87 Palestinians & 13 Israeli soldiers killed|publisher=Rt.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

In total, the IDF has stated that thirteen IDF soldiers were killed in Gaza over 24 hours,<ref name="July20"/> and more than 100 Palestinian militants were killed during the night.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4546718,00.html|title=Bloody Sunday: Over 100 Palestinians killed on 13th day of operation|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> In one air strike aimed at a Hamas member 25 members of one family were killed along with the target.<ref name="AssassinationCollateral">{{cite news|title=Twenty five Palestinian civilians killed in Israeli assassination of militant|url=http://www.bignewsnetwork.com/index.php/sid/224020955/scat/b8de8e630faf3631/ht/Twenty-five-Palestinian-civilians-killed-in-Israeli-assassination-of-militant|accessdate=23 July 2014|publisher=''Big News Network.com''}}</ref> During the overnight fighting, the IDF uncovered ten more tunnel systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/israel-ready-significant-expansion-ground-attack-gaza/story?id=24614737 |title=Israel Begins Dismantling 'Underground Gaza' Labyrinth|publisher=Abcnews.go.com|date=18 July 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

The military wing of Hamas said that they had killed at least 32 Israeli soldiers since 19 July. Hamas military sources said scores of Israeli soldiers injured in the clashes with Palestinian fighters had been taken to hospitals, including the commander of the [[Golani Brigade]], [[Israeli Druze]] Colonel [[Ghassan Alian]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israeltoday.co.il/NewsItem/tabid/178/nid/24764/Default.aspx|title=Israel Today;IDF Brigade Commander Wounded Leading Troops Into Battle|publisher=Israeltoday.co.il|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> They also said they had captured an Israeli soldier named [[Shaul Aron]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28392636|title=Gaza crisis: 13 Israeli soldiers, scores of Gazans killed|publisher=BBC News|date=20 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714871|title=Hamas says it has kidnapped Israeli soldier in Gaza|publisher=Ma'an News Agency|location=Gaza City|date=20 July 2014}}</ref> However, [[Ron Prosor]], the Israeli ambassador to the United Nations, denied the report.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Levs|first1=Josh|last2=Brumfield|first2=Ben|last3=Penhaul|first3=Karl|title=Hamas claims it captured an Israeli soldier; Israel says no|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/20/world/meast/mideast-crisis/index.html|accessdate=21 July 2014}}</ref>

====21 July====
Since the beginning of the operation, IDF has struck some 2,800 targets in Gaza,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4547287,00.html|title=VIDEO: IDF forces kill 10 terrorists infiltrating into Israel|publisher=Ynetnews.com |date=1995-06-20 |accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> while 1,497 rockets have been fired from Gaza at Israel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/183084|title=Hamas Rocket Hits Egypt, Rafah Border Crossing|publisher=Israelnationalnews.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

During the night, two cells of militants attempted to infiltrate Israel using tunnels. While the Israeli Air Force directly hit the first cell, ground troops engaged the second;<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/22/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-conflict.html?_r=0</ref> at least ten militants were killed during the two incidents.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mezzofiore|first=Gianluca|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/israel-gaza-conflict-israel-kills-10-palestinian-militants-082522605.html#EzDT8Nd|title=Israel-Gaza Conflict: Israel Kills 10 Palestinian Militants Entering From Gaza|publisher=Uk.news.yahoo.com|date=20 April 2011|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> During one attack, 10 Palestinians exited the tunnel wearing full IDF uniforms.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lappin|first=Yaakov|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Four-IDF-soldiers-killed-by-terrorist-squad-that-infiltrated-Israel-from-Gaza-368343|title=Seven more IDF soldiers and officers killed in clashes with Hamas|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> Four IDF soldiers were killed in the attack when an anti-tank missile hit their Jeep.<ref>{{cite web|last=Horovitz|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/kerry-heads-to-cairo-for-ceasefire-bid-as-israel-names-soldiers-killed-in-gaza/#liveblog-entry-1032814|title=Kerry in region for truce bid after day of bitter fighting raises IDF toll to 25|publisher=The Times of Israel|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> In total, seven IDF soldiers were killed on 21 July.<ref>{{cite web|last=Katsman|first=Aaron|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Seven-IDF-soldiers-officers-killed-army-says-368353 |title=Seven IDF soldiers, officers killed, army says|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

Reports from Gaza in the afternoon stated that the IDF shelled a hospital, killing five and injuring many others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/deaths-as-israeli-tanks-shell-gaza-hospital-2014721124111171397.html|title=Deaths as Israeli tanks shell Gaza hospital|publisher=Al Jazeera English|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF commented on the situation stating that their target was anti-tank missiles which was stored in the immediate vicinity of the hospital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28399292|title=Gaza conflict: Five dead at hospital hit by Israeli strike|publisher=Bbc.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

At the Erez Border Crossing, IDF set up a field hospital for injured Palestinians from Gaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/idfonline/14522987330/in/photostream|title=IDF Field Hospital on Gaza Border|publisher=Flickr|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=מערכת דוקטורס אונלי |url=http://doctorsonly.co.il/2014/07/81773/ |title=צה"ל הקים בית חולים שדה במעבר ארז לטיפול בפלשתינאים &#124; דוקטורס אונלי Doctors Only|publisher=Doctorsonly.co.il|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

A 21 July CNN report stated that more than 83,000 Palestinians have sought refuge in U.N. facilities with more than 2,000 rockets fired at Israel since the start of the Operation, the latter information from the IDF. That day as well, U.S. President Barack Obama called for a return to the Gaza-Israel cease-fire agreement while also expressing regret at the civilian casualties both in Israel and in Palestine.<ref name="CNN-crisis">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/21/world/meast/mideast-crisis/|title=Deaths mount in Gaza and Israel as U.S. pushes cease-fire|publisher=CNN.com|date=21 July 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

===Week 3===

====22 July====
Shortly after midnight, the [[United Arab Emirates]] announced they would be giving $41 million in aid to Gazans<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4547902,00.html|title=United Arab Emirates pledges $41m aid for Gaza reconstruction|publisher=Ynetnews.com|date=20 June 1995|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> and the U.S. government announced $47 million in aid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chron.com/news/politics/article/Kerry-returns-to-Mideast-to-push-for-cease-fire-5634687.php|title=US urges global push for Israeli, Hamas cease-fire|work=Houston Chronicle|date=16 June 2014|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

At 05:00, the IDF announced that two additional IDF soldiers had been killed, bringing the total to 27.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/boruch-dayan-emmes/249194/baruch-dayan-haemmes-2-soldiers-killed-in-overnight-battle-in-gaza.html|title=2 More Israeli Soldiers Killed in Gaza: Death Toll Of Soldiers Now At 27|publisher=Theyeshivaworld.com|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

During the morning, the IDF announced that one soldier's remains from the weekend's APC attack had not yet been recovered; the soldier was later identified as [[Oron Shaul]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/IDF-soldier-missing-in-Gaza-reportedly-presumed-dead-368420|title=IDF names soldier missing in Gaza as Oron Shaul, unknown if dead or alive|publisher=JPost|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> Two days previously, Hamas had announced they captured a soldier named Shaul Aron.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=715356|title=Israel names missing soldier as Oron Shaul|publisher=Maannews.net|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> The IDF, however, has stated that their official position is that the soldier is presumed to have been killed.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff|url=http://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/news/national_news/article_a5ea9f58-1199-11e4-9035-001a4bcf887a.html|title=IDF names Oron Shaul as missing soldier presumed killed in Gaza|publisher=Cleveland Jewish News|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref>

In the late morning, [[Al Jazeera]] stated their office was currently under attack by the IDF.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/gunshots-fired-at-al-jazeera-bureau-gaza-2014722829152765.html|title=Gunshots fired at Al Jazeera bureau in Gaza|publisher=Al Jazeera English|accessdate=22 July 2014}}</ref> IDF denied this, but could not rule out indirect damage from nearby targets.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jeremy|first=Yonah|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/IDF-denies-any-direct-attack-on-Al-Jazeera-or-other-press-offices-in-Gaza-368432|title=IDF denies any direct attack on Al Jazeera or other press offices in Gaza|publisher=JPost|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref>

In the afternoon, the IDF released additional information about the infiltrators from Gaza the day before. Details included the announcement that at least three were children, including a 13 and 14 year old who were both wearing [[suicide vest]]s.<ref>{{cite web|last=Horovitz|first=David|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/16-year-old-gaza-terrorist-treated-in-israeli-hospital|title=16-year-old Gaza terrorist treated in Israeli hospital|publisher=The Times of Israel|date=23 February 2011|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref>

In the evening, the EU released a statement condemning the firing of rockets from Gaza at Israeli civilians, the use of human shields, and called for the disarming of Hamas, the PIJ and all other militant groups in Gaza. The EU added that although Israel has the right to defend itself, they were appalled at the loss of human life in Gaza and asked Israel to try harder to limit civilian casualties.<ref>{{cite web|last=Keinon|first=Herb|url=http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/EU-calls-on-Hamas-to-disarm-condemns-use-of-civilians-as-shields-368509|title=EU calls on Hamas to disarm, condemns use of civilians as shields|publisher=JPost|date=3 July 2014|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/foraff/144092.pdf consilium.europa.eu]; accessed 22 July 2014.</ref>

Late in the evening, the UNRWA announced that for the second time in a week, during a routine inspection, rockets were found in one of their schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/press-releases/unrwa-condemns-placement-rockets-second-time-one-its-schools|title=Condemns Placement of Rockets, for a Second Time, in One of Its Schools|publisher=UNRWA|accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref>

====23 July====
During the night, a number of reports began circulating that the IDF was shelling the Al-Wafa hospital. The IDF later commented that, on several occasions, they were under direct fire from the hospital, a violation of international law; they also stated that they had been warning the hospital for several days to move the patients.<ref>[http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/hospital-abused-by-hamas-terrorists-struck-by-idf/2014/07/23 Hospital struck by IDF], jewishpress.com; accessed 23 July 2014.</ref> A doctor from the hospital, Dr. Basman Alashi, confirmed that the hospital had been evacuated prior to the strike.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/07/22/in-the-fight-between-israel-and-hamas-gazas-hospitals-are-in-the-middle "Gaza's hospitals in the middle between Israel and Hamas"], washingtonpost.com; accessed 23 July 2014.</ref> The IDF released a video showing fire shot from the hospital, IDF's warning calls and finally the airstrike which triggered secondary explosions from weapons cached inside the hospital.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8O9AHzUKYk8 Warning Call to Wafa Hospital Before IDF Targets Site], IDF Official [[YouTube]] Channel, 23 July 2014.</ref>

In the early morning, Hamas claimed to have shot down an F-16 over Gaza;<ref>[http://www.abna.ir/english/service/middle-east-west-asia/archive/2014/07/23/626071/story.html "Hamas claims to have shot down an F-16 over Gaza"], abna.ir; accessed 23 July 2014.</ref> however, Israel neither confirmed nor denied this claim.

In the afternoon, the IDF announced that they had recently discovered a new tunnel in Gaza in which IDF uniforms, maps, and weapons were found.<ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/183250#.U8-4nWJdXDg New tunnel with uniforms, maps and weapons found in Gaza"], israelnationalnews.com; accessed 23 July 2014.</ref> In total, the IDF had uncovered 28 tunnel systems and over 60 tunnel openings since the beginning of the operation.<ref>[https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/13004-israeli-army-rained-down-120-one-tonne-bombs-onto-shujaya "Israeli Army rained down one tonne bombs onto Shujaya"], middleeastmonitor.com; accessed 23 July 2014.</ref>

Three additional IDF soldiers were killed when they entered a booby-trapped house, causing an explosion and collapsing portions of the building.<ref>http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4548968,00.html</ref>

====24 July====
During the night 150 Hamas terrorists found themselves surrounded around Khan Younis and Rafiah and surrendered.
They are undergoing questioning by Israeli intelligence officers and are expected to reveal extensive and vital information about Hamas operations.<ref>http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-150-hamas-terrorists-surrender-to-idf-1000957726</ref>


==Impact==
==Impact==

Revision as of 10:57, 24 July 2014

Operation Protective Edge
Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict

(left) Iron Dome shooting down a rocket from Gaza
(right) A bombed Palestinian home
Date8 July 2014 (2014-07-08) – present
(9 years, 10 months and 4 days)
Location
State of Palestine Gaza Strip
Israel Israel
30°40′N 34°50′E / 30.667°N 34.833°E / 30.667; 34.833
Status Ongoing
Belligerents
Israel Israel

State of Palestine Gaza Strip

Commanders and leaders
Benjamin Netanyahu
Prime Minister
Moshe Ya'alon
Defense Minister
Benny Gantz
Chief of General Staff
Amir Eshel
Air Force Commander
Sami Turgeman
Southern Commander
Yoram Cohen
Chief of Shin Bet
Ghassan Alian (WIA)
Golani Brigade commander		 Khaled Mashal
Leader of Hamas
Ismail Haniyeh
Deputy chief of Hamas
Mohammed Deif
Head of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
Ramadan Shalah
Leader of PIJ
Units involved
Israel Defense Forces
Shin Bet		 Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
Abu Ali Mustapha Brigades
Strength

Southern Command (Israel)

Up to 74,000 reservists[2][3]		 n/a
Casualties and losses
32 soldiers, 2 civilians[4] and 1 foreign worker killed;[5] 150 soldiers[6] and 28 civilians wounded;[7] 1 soldier missing[6]

Gaza Health Ministry: 701 killed and 4,500 wounded[8]

UN OCHA: 697 killed (518 civilians, 108 militants, 71 unknown)[9]

PCHR: 663 killed (541 civilian)[10]

ITIC: 610 killed (230 civilians, 172 militants, 208 unknown)[11]

IDF: 300 militants killed[12][13] and 150 Hamas operatives captured[14]

Operation Protective Edge (see Name below) is an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) offensive in the Palestinian Gaza Strip, launched on 8 July 2014.[15] The operation follows an escalation in rocket attacks on Israel by Hamas' militants.[16]

Following the kidnapping and murders of three Israeli teenagers in mid-June 2014, the IDF initiated Operation Brother's Keeper in search of the three teenagers.[17] As part of the operation, in the following 11 days Israel's military killed five to ten[18] Palestinians[19][20] and arrested between 350 and 600 Palestinians,[18][21][22][23] including nearly all of Hamas' West Bank leaders.[24][25][26]

On the night of 6 July, an Israeli strike killed seven Hamas militants.[27] In response, Hamas' militants increased rocket attacks on Israel.[28] By 7 July, Hamas militants had fired 100 rockets from Gaza at Israeli territory and the Israeli Air Force had bombed several sites in Gaza.[29][30][31] Early on 8 July Israel's air force bombed 50 targets in the Gaza Strip.[32] Israel's military thwarted a militant infiltration from the sea.[33] That same day, Hamas declared that "all Israelis" had become "legitimate targets"[34][35] and insisted that Israel end all attacks on Gaza, release those re-arrested during the crackdown in the West Bank, lift the blockade on Gaza and return to the cease-fire conditions of 2012 as conditions for a ceasefire.[36]

On 13 July the Israeli military reported that more than 1,300 Israeli attacks had taken place, while more than 800 rockets were fired from Gaza into Israel.[37]

On 14 July, Egypt announced a cease-fire initiative. The Israeli government declared acceptance for the proposal, and temporarily stopped hostilities in the morning of 15 July. However, all Palestinian factions announced they had not been consulted on the reported Egyptian initiative and were informed of the supposed proposal via the media, including Palestinian President Abbas.[38] Hamas rejected it in "its current form" as well as other Palestinian factions.[38][39] On 16 July, Hamas and Islamic Jihad offered Israel a 10-year truce, with ten (10) conditions.[40]

On 21 July US Secretary of State John Kerry visited Egypt and on 22 July UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon visited Israel and pressed the waring parties to agree to a ceasefire.[41]

Operation Protective Edge is the deadliest military operation to have taken place in Gaza since the Gaza War of 2008–09.[42] According to the Gaza Health Ministry, at least 701 Palestinians were killed and 4,500 were injured.[8] Among the dead were 161 children, 66 women, and 35 elderly.[43] The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs estimated that, as of 23 July, 697 of those killed were civilians, of whom 256 were women or children.[9] 32 IDF soldiers and officers have been killed as well as 2 Israeli civilians.[4] The Israel Defense Forces has accused Hamas of using civilians as "human shields";[12] an allegation denied by Hamas.[44]

According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), as of 22 July 2014 in the Gaza Strip, at least 117,000 Palestinians have been displaced and are taking shelter in UNRWA schools, 1.2 million people have no access or very limited access to water or sanitation, 90 schools and 18 health facilities have been damaged, 2,655 housing units have been destroyed or severely damaged rendering them uninhabitable, 3,175 housing units have been damaged but are still inhabitable and 80% of people only receive 4 hours of electricity per day.[45]

Human rights groups have argued that both Palestinian rocket attacks and Israeli targeted destruction of homes of Hamas and other militia members violate international humanitarian law and might constitute war crimes.[46][47][48] Some Israeli legal experts have declared Hamas's attacks on Israeli civilians to violate international law and constitute war crimes.[49]

Name

A literal translation of the operation's name (Template:Lang-he-n, Mivtza' Tzuk Eitan) is "Operation Steadfast Cliff" or "Firm Cliff"; more loosely translated, "Operation Solid Rock" of "Operation Mighty Cliff";[50] or "Resolute Cliff" in the form of the IDF's official Arabic translation.[51] According to the Turkish Anadolu Agency, an Israeli military spokesman for Arab Media, Avichay Adraee, explained that the change of the operation's name in English was done to more heavily convey the idea that the operation was defensive in nature.[51]

Background

Main articles: Gaza–Israel conflict and Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Further information: Palestinian government of 2014; Operation Brother's Keeper; Mohammed Abu Khdeir; and List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel, 2014
Range of rockets launched from Gaza Strip
Street in Ramallah after IDF raid during Operation Brother's Keeper June 2014
Factory bursts in flames after rocket attack in Sderot, Israel, 28 June 2014

On 23 April 2014, Hamas agreed to a reconciliation deal with the other main Palestinian faction, Fatah[27][52] following seven years of division. The Palestinian unity government was sworn in by 2 June 2014[53][54] and Israel announced it would not negotiate any peace deal with the new government and would push punitive measures.[55] Declaring this unity will "strengthen terrorism" a day before the agreement, Benjamin Netanyahu said: "The international community must not embrace it."[56] The European Union, the United Nations, the United States, China, India, Russia and Turkey all agreed to work with the Palestinian unity government.[57][58][59][60] The agreement was likely to have a significant impact on the current round of peace talks between Mahmoud Abbas' Palestinian Authority and Israel, and shortly after the announcement of the agreement, Israel launched an airstrike in the northern Gaza Strip that injured four people, according to medical officials.[54][61] Netanyahu had warned before the deal it would be incompatible with Israeli–Palestinian peace and that Abbas has to choose between peace with Hamas and peace with Israel. When a reconciliation deal was signed opening the way to the appointment of the new government, Netanyahu chaired a security cabinet in which they voted to authorise Netanyahu to impose unspecified sanctions against the Palestinian Authority.[54] According to The Forward, Brigadier General Moti Almoz, the chief spokesman of the Israeli military, said: "We have been instructed by the political echelon to hit Hamas hard."[62]

The operation follows a chain of events that began with the abduction of three Israeli teenagers Naftali Fraenkel (16; who held dual US-Israeli citizenship), Gilad Shaer (16) and Eyal Yifrah (19) in the West Bank in June 2014, for which Israel blamed Hamas. The IDF stated that the two men Israel suspects of having kidnapped the teenagers were known members of Hamas,[63][64] No evidence of Hamas involvement has been offered by the Israeli authorities[65] and high-ranking members of Hamas have denied the group had any involvement in the incident;[23] The alleged murderers come from the Qawasameh clan which is notorious for acting against Hamas's policies and any attempts to reach an entente with Israel.[66] Hamas political chief Khaled Meshal said he can neither confirm nor deny the kidnapping of the three Israelis, but congratulated the abductors.[67] Israeli forces killed ten Palestinians in clashes, including two under 18[68] and arrested several hundred more in the West Bank in the subsequent widespread search for the missing teenagers and suppression of Hamas cells and infrastructure dubbed Operation Brother's Keeper.[69][70]

During the search for the three missing Israeli teenagers, the IDF arrested many of the people who had been released during the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange. On 30 June, search teams found the bodies of the three missing teenagers in a field north-west of Hebron.[71][72] They had apparently been killed shortly after their abduction.[73]

Hours after the funeral of the three murdered Israelis, a 16-year-old Palestinian teenager named Mohammed Abu Khdeir of Beit Hanina was kidnapped and burned alive in a retaliatory attack by Jewish extremists.[74] Six Jewish suspects in the murder have been arrested by the Israeli police.[74][75] The discovery of Khdeir's body led to protests and rioting in East Jerusalem which spread to Arab villages across the country,[76] and an official apology and condolence from Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu.[77] Hamas, which had been credited by Israel as reining in militant rocket fire from the Gaza Strip since a ceasefire agreement in November 2012, at the conclusion of Operation Pillar of Defense, took direct responsibility for a barrage of rockets fired into Israel on 7 July 2014[78] and insisted on the release of those rearrested as a condition of a ceasefire.[79][80] At the same time, exchanges of Gaza-based rocket fire into Israel and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip flared.

Israel has argued that its actions are in response to hundreds of rockets and mortar shell launched from Gaza by Hamas.[81] Hamas state that they are engaged in legitimate resistance to Israeli occupation and that attacks its military wing engaged in were a response to the IDF's violent operations across the West Bank following the kidnap and murder of three Israeli youths. According to Avi Shlaim, while the "chain of action and reaction is endless", the underlying cause for the violence is Israeli occupation and colonialism in the Palestinian Territories.[82]

Violations of the truce

Both sided claimed that the other side violated the ceasefire agreement form November 2012.

In the first three months after the Operation Pillar of Defense, according to Ben White, two mortar shells struck Israeli territory, while 4 Gazans were shot dead and 91 wounded by Israeli forces, which fired inside Gazan territory on 63 occasions, made 13 incursions into the Strip, and attacked the Gazan fishing fleet 30 times.[83] According to the Middle East Monitor, in the year following the truce, Israel violated the cease-fire nearly 120 times.[84]

The graph below shows rockets and mortars shells fired from Gaza Strip into Israel according to Shin Bet, Israel's security service. The Shin Bet statistics do differentiate between rocket fire from Gaza into Israel and Gazan fire at Israeli incursions into the Gaza Strip.[85]

Hover over colored bar to see the number of launches

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Dec 2012
Jan 2013
Feb 2013
Mar 2013
Apr 2013
May 2013
Jun 2013
Jul 2013
Aug 2013
Sep 2013
Oct 2013
Nov 2013
Dec 2013
Jan 2014
Feb 2014
Mar 2014
Apr 2014
May 2014
Jun 2014
  •   rockets
  •   mortar shells

Operation timeline

Main article: Timeline of Operation Protective Edge

Impact

Impact on residents

As of 20 July 2014 hospitals in Gaza were ill-equipped and facing severe shortage of various categories of medicine, medical supplies, and fuel.[86] Egypt temporarily reopened the Rafah crossing with Gaza to allow medical supplies to enter, and injured Palestinians to receive treatment in Egypt.[87] Additionally, due to the operation prices of food, including fish and produce, rose dramatically.[88] A 21 July news report stated that over 83,000 Palestinians had taken shelter in U.N. facilities.[89]

A young Palestinian man who was wounded in an Israeli air strike, 8 July 2014

At the onset of the operation, the Israeli government canceled all programs within 40 km (24 miles) of Gaza, and requested all people stay at home or near shelter. All summer camps were closed and universities canceled their final exams.[90] Additionally, all gatherings of 300 or more people were banned.[91] Due to the trajectory of rocket fire from Gaza, many flights in and out of Ben-Gurion Airport were delayed or rerouted.[92] Hamas said: «This is a great victory for us.»[93]

According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), as of 22 July 2014 in the Gaza Strip, at least 117,000 Palestinians have been displaced and are taking shelter in UNRWA schools, 1.2 million people have no access or very limited access to water or sanitation, 90 schools and 18 health facilities have been damaged, 2,655 housing units have been destroyed or severely damaged rendering them uninhabitable, 3,175 housing units have been damaged but are still inhabitable and 80% of people only receive 4 hours of electricity per day.[45]

Casualties and losses

Further information: List of Israeli strikes and Palestinian casualties in Operation Protective Edge and List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel, 2014
File:Massacre in Shuja'iyya 20.07.2014.mp4 snapshot 04.32.jpg
Shuja'iyya Incident (2014), 20 July 2014

Number of Palestinians killed in Gaza, per various sources:

Source Total Killed Civilians Killed Combatants Killed Unidentified Killed Last Updated
United Nations 697 518 108 71 23 July[9]
Israel Defense Forces - - 300 - 23 July[12][13]
Gaza Health Ministry 701 - - - 23 July[8]
Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Center 610 230 172 208 21 July[11]

According to Gaza's Health Ministry, thus far 701 Palestinians have been killed.[8] According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 74% of those killed were civilians.[9] 4,500 have been wounded as of 23 July 2014 according to Gazan medical officials.[8] Over 140,000 people have been displaced who have taken refugee in UNRWA schools. 116 schools and 18 medical facilities were damaged.[9] In addition, over 3,000 homes have been partially destroyed by the air strikes.[94]

According to the Israeli Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Center, as of 20 July 2014, 130 "terrorist operatives", 138 civilians, and 134 unidentified Palestinians have been killed in Gaza.[95]

Many of those killed have been civilians, prompting concern from many humanitarian organisations. 9 people killed while watching the World Cup in a cafe,[96] and 8 members of a family which Israel says were inadvertently killed.[97] In response, Israel stated that many civilian casualties were the result of Hamas using the Gazan population as 'human shields' at rocket launch targets,[98] an allegation denied by Hamas.[44] Seven members of a family were killed when they climbed on the roof of their house to act as a human shield, however, their home was still struck despite their action.[99] Israel condemned Hamas for the group's encouragement of Palestinians to remain in their homes despite warnings in advance of airstrikes, with Hamas arguing that people would be equally or more unsafe in the rest of Gaza.[89]

Rocket and missile attacks from Gaza have caused damage to Israeli civilian infrastructure, including factories, gas stations, and homes.[100] There has been one Israeli civilian death, occurring at the Erez border crossing with Gaza: a Chabad rabbi who was delivering food and drinks on the frontline[101] and was hit by mortar fire.[102] According to Magen David Adom there have been injuries to 123 people: 1 seriously, 21 moderately to lightly and 101 from shock.[103] An elderly woman in Wadi Nisnas collapsed and died of heart failure[104] during an air-raid siren.[105] The second Israeli civilian killed was a 32 year old Bedouin Ouda Lafi al-Waj, who was hit by a rocket in the Negev Desert.[106] The IDF has stated as of 21 July that over 2,000 rockets have been fired at Israel since the start of the operation.[89]

Cost

Israel's Minister of Finance estimated that the operation would cost NIS 8.5 billion (approximately 2.5 billion USD), which is similar to Operation Cast Lead in 2009 and higher than Operation Pillar of Defense in 2012. The forecast included military and non-military costs, including military expenditure and property damage. The calculation indicates that if the operation lasts 20 days, the loss in GDP will be 0.4%.[107]

Airlines stop flights

The United States State Department on the 21st of July advised U.S. citizens to "consider the deferral of non-essential travel to Israel" in consideration of the firing of missiles into different parts of Israel including cities.[108][109] On the 22th of July The Federal Aviation Administration told U.S. airlines that they are prohibited from flying to or from Israel's Ben Gurion Airport for up to 24 hours.[110] The European Aviation Safety Agency stated that it "strongly recommends" that airlines do not fly into or out of the Tel Aviv airport. On the 23rd of July the FAA extended its prohibition another 24 hours.[111]

Shortly after the FAA announcement, Israeli Transportation Minister Yisrael Katz stated that "Ben-Gurion airport was safe from for take-offs and landings, and that there was no security concern for passenger planes."[112] Israel previously stated that the Iron Dome has successfully intercepted "about 90% of rockets headed toward populated or strategic areas".[112] Israel's Civil Aviation Authority wrote a document which said that Israel is taking efforts to avoid commercial airline cancellations of flights going into Ben-Gurion Airport. It submitted the document to Transportation Minister Katz, indicating that the airport was safe for landings and departures.[113]

In response to the cancellations, Israel offered to open up Ovda airport (in the south, near Eilat) to international flights, due to its distance from Gaza.[114]

Some airlines which cancelled flights included American Airlines,[115] Delta Airlines, US Airways, United Airlines,[116] Air Canada,[117]Air France,[118] Air Berlin,[119] Alitalia,[119] British Airways,[120] EasyJet,[121] KLM,[118] LOT Polish Airlines,[119] Lufthansa,[118] Royal Jordanian,[122] Scandinavian Airlines [119] and Turkish Airlines,.[123]

El Al followed these announcements by stating under no circumstances are they canceling any flights.[124] El Al sent four planes to Istanbul to retrieve those stranded there.[125]

Former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg flew to Tel Aviv on El Al on the 23rd of July in order to prove that Israel's airports are safe and to show his solidarity with Israel.[126][127]

Reactions

Main article: Reactions to Operation Protective Edge
Demonstration in Tel Aviv against the incursion
File:Massive protest against Israel attack to Gaza in Berlin..jpg
Protest in Berlin, Germany
This map shows the international reactions to Operation Protective Edge:
  Israel and the Gaza Strip
  Countries that support Israel's stance and/or condemned Hamas rocket attacks.
  Countries that condemned and/or expressed concern about the actions of both sides.
  Countries that condemned and/or expressed concern about Israel's actions.
  Countries with mixed official reactions.

War crimes accusations

As the scale of Operation Protective Edge expanded, civilian casualties mounted and accusations of war crimes were levelled from different quarters. On 19 July, Nabil el-Araby, the head of the Cairo-based Arab League, accused Israel of perpetrating "war crimes" against Palestinians.[128] On the following day, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon condemned the Palestinian civilian casualties caused by the Israeli military, stating: "I condemn this atrocious action. Israel must exercise maximum restraint and do far more to protect civilians."[129] Accusations of Israel of war crimes were voiced in the U.K. by "several MPs including a former Cabinet minister".[130]

On 21 July, Navi Pillay, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, criticized Israel's military operation stating that there was "a strong possibility that international law has been violated, in a manner that could amount to war crimes". She also criticized Hamas for "indiscriminate attacks" on Israel.[131]

Hamas has been accused by the Israel Democracy Institute for committing war crimes by firing rockets at unprotected civilians. Hamas is believed[by whom?] to have breached international law as a result of their attacks.[49] The human rights advocacy group B'Tselem has argued that both Palestinian rocket fire and Israeli targeting the homes of militia members, could constitute war crimes and be violating international law.[46][48] The international organization Human Rights Watch described Hamas's deliberate targeting of Israeli civilians as war crimes in a 9 July statement and also called Israel's attacks on civilian structures as "unlawful under the laws of war" and "collective punishment".[47][132] Amnesty International said that "UN must impose arms embargo on Israel/Gaza and mandate an international investigation".[133]

On 23 July the United Nations Human Rights Council announced it is opening an investigation into the accusations of war crimes.[134]

UN intervention

The United Nations has an established presence in Gaza and has intervened in the conflict on at least one occasion.

UNRWA school incident

The UN agency UNRWA has a number of schools in the Gaza region. At least two[135][136] such schools have been used by Hamas militants for storing missiles. Upon the discovery of the weapon cache UNRWA officials condemned Hamas's actions.[137] Reports conflict over the transfer of the rockets to Palestinian authorities. The UNRWA stated that the weapons were transferred to "local authorities." Israeli officials allege that the missiles were given to Hamas, while UNRWA officials have asserted that "local authorities fall under the government of national consensus in Ramallah."[138][139] US state department officials have defended UNRWA's actions[140] while Canada's Foreign Minister criticised the UN agency and has called for an investigation.[141] Critics see the UN's actions as damaging their credibility and impartiality in the region as such missiles are used by Hamas in attacking Israel civilians.[138]

Media coverage

Further information: Media coverage of the Arab–Israeli conflict

Portrayals of the conflict have varied in different media outlets. In the English-speaking world, U.S. news sources were often more sympathetic to Israel, while British news sources had more savage criticism towards Israel.[142] Commentators on both sides have claimed that the media is biased either for or against Israel.[143] According to The Times of Israel, British sources were more often critical of Israel.[142] As the conflict progressed and Palestinian deaths increased, media became somewhat more critical of Israel.[144]

ABC News received criticism when Diane Sawyer misidentified photos of rubble in Gaza as being in Israel. The progressive[145] media criticism organization FAIR said that the mistake reflected a worldview in American media and a "false balance" between the two sides of the conflict, when in fact many more Palestinians have suffered than Israelis.[146] Sawyer later apologized on-air for the error.[147]

NBC News was criticized for ordering its correspondent Ayman Mohyeldin out of Gaza after witnessing the killing of four Palestinian children.[148] Mohyeldin was subsequently reinstated. [citation needed]

Investigative reporter Judith Miller criticized US media, and her former employer The New York Times in particular, for being unsympathetic to Israel and downplaying the context of the kidnapping and murder of Israeli teenagers.[149]

British MP George Galloway stated that "300 Palestinians are completely ignored by the same newspapers, by the same television stations and by the same political leaders who are threatening sanctions and war against Russia. ... Why the double standard? Why is the blood in Ukraine so much more noteworthy than the blood in Gaza?"[150]

Within Israel, the newspaper Haaretz issued an editorial that the "soft Gaza sand... could turn into quicksand" for the Israeli military and warning about the "wholesale killing" of Palestinian civilians. The article declared, "There can be no victory here".[151] The campaign in the Palestinian territories has received much coverage in the nation.

Criticism of the BBC's coverage

In The Guardian, Owen Jones called the BBC's headline "Israel under renewed Hamas attack" [as] "perverse as Mike Tyson punching a toddler, followed by a headline claiming that the child spat at him", and that "the macabre truth is that Israeli life is deemed by the Western media to be worth more than a Palestinian life".[152]

In London, Newcastle, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow, protesting demonstrators accused the BBC of "pro-Israeli bias" in its coverage of the ongoing conflict. It claimed that news coverage was "entirely devoid of context or background". An open letter to BBC director signed by 45,000 people including Noam Chomsky, John Pilger, Ken Loach, Brian Eno and Jeremy Hardy said it would "like to remind the BBC that Gaza is under Israeli occupation and siege [and] that Israel is bombing a refugee population". The BBC has defended its coverage.[153][154]

Building on research by the Glasgow University Media Group that examined the media coverage of recent Israeli attacks on Lebanon and Gaza, Greg Philo, research director of the university's media unit, described how senior BBC journalists have spoken to him about being unable to get the Palestinian viewpoint across.[153]

Social media

In the eight days leading up to Operation Protective Edge, the social media site Twitter hashtag #GazaUnderAttack was used over 375,000 times. Often the hashtag was used on tweets using photos that claimed to show how the people are suffering due to Israeli attacks. A BBC study showed that in some cases these photos were from previous Israeli attacks, or from wars in Syria and Iraq.[155][156]

A false report circulated on social media and via SMS that a rocket from Gaza had hit a petrochemical plant in Haifa. These reports cited Haaretz as their source but turned out to be false. Haaretz denied issuing such warnings.[157]

A photograph published by Danish journalist Allan Sørensen on Twitter caused uproar online, gathering more than 8,500 retweets. It allegedly shows Israelis in Sderot gathered on top of a hill to celebrate and cheer as they watched Israeli airstrikes on Gaza. People reportedly brought chairs, sofas, popcorn, and hookahs with them.[158] The scene was described as "something resembling a party".[159] Similarly, according to The Jerusalem Post, Palestinians in Hebron cheered as Gazan rockets were fired at Tel Aviv. People reportedly stood at rooftops chanting "Allah Akbar" at the sight.[160]

After 13 soldiers were killed in Gaza on 20 July, many families found out about their family member's death via WhatsApp hours before officially being told by the IDF,[161] which eventually led to the arrest of three soldiers for leaking the news.[162]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ben Solomon, Ariel. "Videos show Lebanese jihadi group active in Gaza". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  2. ^ "Israel calls up additional 8,000 reservists for Gaza operation". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  3. ^ "Israel approves call-up of 18,000 more reservists". Local12.com. IAF.
  4. ^ a b US pushes for truce as Gaza battle rages
  5. ^ Foreign worker in Israel killed by Gaza mortar: Police
  6. ^ a b LiveBlog: Two more Israeli soldiers killed in Gaza fighting overnight
  7. ^ "Operation Protective Edge – Update No. 5" (PDF).
  8. ^ a b c d e "Death toll in Gaza mounts to 701: health ministry". Xinhua. 23 July 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
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External links

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