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1929 Baden state election

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1929 Baden state election

← 1925 27 October 1929 (1929-10-27)

All 88 seats in the Landtag
45 seats needed for a majority
Registered1,537,962
Turnout61.4%[1]
  First party Second party Third party
 
Party Centre SPD DVP
Last election 36.8%, 28 seats 20.8%, 16 seats 9.5%, 7 seats
Seats won 34 18 7
Seat change Increase 6 Increase 2 Steady
Popular vote 341,754 187,087 74,340
Percentage 36.7% 20.1% 8.0%
Swing Decrease 0.1pp Decrease 0.7pp Decrease 1.5pp

  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Party NSDAP DDP KPD
Last election 1.2%, 0 seats 8.7%, 6 seats 6.1%, 4 seats
Seats won 6 6 5
Seat change Increase 6 Steady Increase 1
Popular vote 65,121 62,344 55,143
Percentage 7.0% 6.7% 5.9%
Swing Increase 5.8pp Decrease 2.0pp Decrease 0.2pp

Government before election

Josef Schmitt
ZSPD

Government after election

Josef Schmitt
ZSPD

The 1929 Baden state election was held on 27 October 1929 to elect the 88 members of the Landtag of the Republic of Baden.[2]

Campaign

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The Rechtsblock coalition formed by the German National People's Party (DNVP) and Agricultural League broke apart in 1928. Many of the Agricultural League members joined the Nazi Party.[3][4] The Nazis launched their election campaign in March 1929.[5]

The Nazis won six seats in the election and Walter Köhler was selected to serve as their delegation chairman.[6] This granted the party members that could not be arrested due to parliamentary immunity.[7] The Nazi's best Amtsbezirke performance was in Kehl with 32%.[8] 42.2% of the new votes for the Nazis came from Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Pforzheim, and Weinheim.[9] The Bezirk Tauberbischofsheim, which was 81.8% Catholic,[8] gave 70.3% of its vote to the Centre.[10]

Results

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Party Votes % Seats +/–
Centre Party 341,754 36.7 34 +6
Social Democratic Party of Germany 187,087 20.1 18 +2
German People's Party 74,340 8.0 7 0
Nazi Party 65,121 7.0 6 +6
German Democratic Party 62,344 6.7 6 0
Communist Party of Germany 55,143 5.9 5 +1
Reich Party of the German Middle Class 35,605 3.8 3 0
Evangelischer Volksdienst 35,317 3.8 3 New
German National People's Party 34,079 3.7 3 –5
Badische Bauernpartei 28,267 3.0 3 New
Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 6,680 0.7 0 New
Christlich-Soziale Reichspartei 5,086 0.5 0 New
Left Communists 1,530 0.2 0 New
Invalid/blank votes 11,888
Total 944,241 100 88 +16
Registered voters/turnout 1,537,962 61.4
Source: Elections in Germany[2]

Aftermath

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This was the last democratic election in Baden before the Nazi seizure of power.[11] The SDP and Centre coalition government dissolved on 30 November 1932, due to disagreements over a concordat between the Catholic Church and Baden. The Centre and DVP attempted to form a coalition with the Nazis without dissolving the landtag, but the Nazis rejected it and wanted new elections. A Centre and DVP minority government was formed on 10 January 1933.[12]

Robert Heinrich Wagner was appointed Reichkomissar of Baden on 9 March 1933, replacing the position of president. A new landtag consisting of 30 Nazis, 17 Centre, 8 SPD, and 2 DNVP convened once on 9 June 1933 to give the executive legislative powers. Wagner appointed Köhler as president on 6 May.[13]

References

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  1. ^ Faris 1975, p. 147.
  2. ^ a b Schröder, Valentin. "Landtagswahlen Republik Baden". Wahlen in Deutschland. Archived from the original on 2005-02-22. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  3. ^ Grill 1983, p. 26.
  4. ^ Grill 1983, p. 139-141.
  5. ^ Grill 1983, p. 171.
  6. ^ Grill 1983, p. 174.
  7. ^ Grill 1983, p. 178.
  8. ^ a b Faris 1975, p. 148.
  9. ^ Grill 1983, p. 175.
  10. ^ Faris 1975, p. 145.
  11. ^ Exner 2016, p. 297.
  12. ^ Grill 1983, p. 240-242.
  13. ^ Exner 2016, p. 299.

Works cited

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